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A Translation of the Linnaean Dissertation the Invisible World
BJHS 49(3): 353–382, September 2016. © British Society for the History of Science 2016 doi:10.1017/S0007087416000637 A translation of the Linnaean dissertation The Invisible World JANIS ANTONOVICS* AND JACOBUS KRITZINGER** Abstract. This study presents the first translation from Latin to English of the Linnaean disser- tation Mundus invisibilis or The Invisible World, submitted by Johannes Roos in 1769. The dissertation highlights Linnaeus’s conviction that infectious diseases could be transmitted by living organisms, too small to be seen. Biographies of Linnaeus often fail to mention that Linnaeus was correct in ascribing the cause of diseases such as measles, smallpox and syphilis to living organisms. The dissertation itself reviews the work of many microscopists, especially on zoophytes and insects, marvelling at the many unexpected discoveries. It then discusses and quotes at length the observations of Münchhausen suggesting that spores from fungi causing plant diseases germinate to produce animalcules, an observation that Linnaeus claimed to have confirmed. The dissertation then draws parallels between these findings and the conta- giousness of many human diseases, and urges further studies of this ‘invisible world’ since, as Roos avers, microscopic organisms may cause more destruction than occurs in all wars. Introduction Here we present the first translation from Latin to English of the Linnaean dissertation published in 1767 by Johannes Roos (1745–1828) entitled Dissertatio academica mundum invisibilem, breviter delineatura and republished by Carl Linnaeus (1707– 1778) several years later in the Amoenitates academicae under the title Mundus invisibi- lis or The Invisible World.1 Roos was a student of Linnaeus, and the dissertation is important in highlighting Linnaeus’s conviction that infectious diseases could be trans- mitted by living organisms. -
Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names
Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus-group names. Part V Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart Evenhuis, Neal L.; Pape, Thomas; Pont, Adrian C. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Publication date: 2016 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Evenhuis, N. L., Pape, T., & Pont, A. C. (2016). Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus- group names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart. Magnolia Press. Zootaxa Vol. 4172 No. 1 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Download date: 02. Oct. 2021 Zootaxa 4172 (1): 001–211 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:22128906-32FA-4A80-85D6-10F114E81A7B ZOOTAXA 4172 Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart NEAL L. EVENHUIS1, THOMAS PAPE2 & ADRIAN C. PONT3 1 J. Linsley Gressitt Center for Entomological Research, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817-2704, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] 3Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by D. Whitmore: 15 Aug. 2016; published: 30 Sept. 2016 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 NEAL L. -
Proceedings of the United States National Museum
A SYNOPSIS OF PART OF THE NEOTROPICAL CRANE-FLIES OF THE SUBFAMH^Y LIMNOBIN^. By Charles P. Alexander, Of the Entomological Lahoratory of Cornell University, Ithaca, New York. INTRODUCTION. The present paper is the partial result of the study of some exten- sive collections of tropical American Tipulidse or crane-flies. In this paper the tribes Eriopterini and Limnophilini are included. A second part will include the tribes Limnobini, Antochini, and Hexa- tommi, completing the Limnobinse, and a third will treat of the Tipulmse. In this paper the term Neotropical is used as synon^^mous with the Neogsea (m part), of Sclater (1858) and the Dendrogjea of Sclater (1874). It mcludes South America and the adjacent Falkland, South Georgia, Juan Fernandez, and Galapagoes Islands; the West Indies, or Antilles; Central America, Mexico, and the extreme southern portions of Florida and Texas. Besides describing all new forms and redescribing such species as are inadequately handled in previous descriptions, I have thought it might be of some value to future students to include keys to the genera and species of the regional forms. It should be understood, however, that the difficulties m the way of such an attempt are such as to almost discourage one from undertaking it. One must remem- ber that a very considerable number of the species have never been rediscovered since then- origmal description; many of these descrip- tions are brief, vague, and altogether unsatisfactory. Those of Fabricius would be as bad as those of Walker if it were not for the work of Wiedemann, who had access to the Fabrician types. -
Festiva MEIGEN, 1804 (Diptera: Tipulidae: Ctenophorinae) W Polsce
Wiad. entomol. 31 (2): 116-120 Poznań 2012 Nowe stanowiska Ctenophora (Cnemoncosis) festiva MEIGEN, 1804 (Diptera: Tipulidae: Ctenophorinae) w Polsce New localities of Ctenophora (Cnemoncosis) festiva MEIGEN, 1804 (Diptera: Tipulidae: Ctenophorinae) in Poland Adam MALKIEWICZ 1, Ewelina MYŚKÓW 2, Marek BĄKOWSKI 3 1, 2 Zakład Biologii, Ewolucji i Ochrony Bezkręgowców, Instytut Zoologiczny, Uniwersytet Wrocławski ul. Przybyszewskiego 63/77, 51-148 Wrocław; e-mail: 1 [email protected], 2 [email protected] 3 Zakład Zoologii Systematycznej UAM, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań; e- mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT: Ctenophora festiva MEIGEN, 1804 belongs to saproxylic fauna. Its presence is connected with old forests and dying trees. It has been recorded in Poland for the second time and for the first time in Lower Silesia and Lubuskie provinces. KEY WORDS: Diptera, Ctenophorinae, Ctenophora festiva, new records, Lower Silesia, Lubuskie, Poland. W obrębie koziułkowatych (Tipulidae) z podrodziny Ctenophorinae w Zachodniej Palearktyce stwierdzono występowanie piętnastu gatunków i podgatunków zaliczanych do czterech rodzajów: Ctenophora MEIGEN, Dic- tenidia BRULLÉ, Phoroctenia COQUILLETT oraz Tanyptera LATREILLE (OOSTERBROEK i in. 2006). Dotychczas w Polsce wykazano siedem z nich (SKIBIŃSKA, CHUDZICKA 2007). Muchówki te z reguły są nieliczne, a niekie- dy nawet bardzo rzadkie. Ich występowanie ogranicza się do starych lasów, z zachowanymi licznymi próchniejącymi martwymi drzewami (głównie re- zerwatów przyrody). Gatunki z tej podrodziny zagrożone są wyginięciem na skutek usuwania z lasu martwego drewna i starych drzew (PALACZYK i in. 2002; PALACZYK 2004). Wszystkie gatunki Ctenophorinae są saproksylicz- ne, a ich larwy rozwijają się w martwym drewnie drzew liściastych. NOWE STANOWISKA CTENOPHORA (CNEMONCOSIS) FESTIVA W POLSCE 117 Ctenophora festiva MEIGEN, 1804 Gatunek zachodniopalearktyczny. -
Distribution of a Rare Crane Fly Ctenophora Ornata Meigen, 1818
Fragment a Faunistica 54 (1): 43-46,2011 PL ISSN 0015-9301 © MUSEUM AND INSTITUTE OF ZOOLOGY PAS Distribution of a rare crane flyCtenophora omata Meigen, 1818 (Dip ter a, Tipulidae) in Poland MarekB ąkowski*,D amian Bruder ** and Wojciech PIĄTEK*** *Department o f Systematic Zoology, Institute o f Environmental Biology Mickiewicz University, Umultowska 89, 61-614 Poznań; e-mail:[email protected] **Wroclawska 21a/2 67-100 Nowa Sól ** Chinów, Cztery Kopce 1/2, 26-900 Kozienice Abstract: New localities of a rare crane fly Ctenophora omata Meigen, 1818 (Diptera, Tipulidae) in Poland are presented. Recent records, especially from western and northern parts of Poland, show that the species is more widespread than previously known. Key words: Diptera, Tipulidae, Ctenophora omata, new records, Poland Introduction Among the crane flies (Tipulidae), all the species of genus Ctenophora Meigen, 1803 are large and often ichneumon or wasp-like. The body is frequently polished and coloured black with large yellow, orange or red markings. The genus comprises ten species in the West Palaearctic. So far, five of them have been recorded from Poland and they are classified into the subgenus Cnemoncosis Enderlein, 1921: C. omata Meigen, 1818 and C. factuosa Loew, 1871 and into the subgenus Ctenophora s. str.: C. flaveolata (Fabricius, 1794), C. guttata Wiedemann, 1818 and C. pectininicornis (Linnaeus, 1758) (Skibińska, Chudzicka 2007). All Ctenophora species are rare in Poland and are listed in the Red List of Threatened Animals in Poland (Palaczyk et al. 2002). Among the genus Ctenophora the rarest is C. omata (Fig. 1) and this species is the only listed in the Polish Red Data Book of Animals with category vulnerable (Palaczyk 2004). -
The Craneflies of Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55)
LEICESTERSHIRE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY The Craneflies of Leicestershire and Rutland (VC55) John Kramer* Tipula maxima – Graham Calow LESOPS 26 (2011) ISSN 0957 - 1019 *31 Ash Tree Road, Oadby, Leicester LE2 5TE 1 Introduction It is necessary to say at the outset that, since craneflies are not a scientific group, its meaning has changed over the years. It seems to be synonymous with daddy long-legs , meaning all long-legged two-winged flies. These, in the past, have included Winter Gnats (Trichoceridae) Fold-winged flies (Ptychopteridae) and Dixidae. The present meaning, used here, is restricted to the super-family Tipuloidea (Order Diptera) which, for the past 20 years (Starý 1992), has been composed of four families - Tipulidae, Pediciidae, Cylindrotomidae and Limoniidae. I have tried to provide a firm basis for further work on craneflies in VC55, and to suggest what that work might be. There are voucher specimens for most, though not all, of the records and wherever there is only a single record, more records are needed to firmly establish that species on the county list. Pioneering work in Europe Before any meaningful lists of craneflies could be produced it was necessary to have fixed and unambiguous names for them. The genus-species naming system for doing this was first provided for the then-known craneflies by the 1758 volume of Linnaeus’s Systemae Naturae , published in Sweden, so this date provides a starting-point. Linnaeus named 14 of the more conspicuous craneflies on the British Checklist. Johan Christian Fabricius was a student of Linnaeus and did more work than his mentor on insects. -
The Ecology of Macro-Invertebrate Fauna of Ogbei Stream in Nkpologwu, Aguata
University of Nigeria Research Publications IBEMENUGA, Keziah Nwamaka Author PG/M.Sc/00/28091 The Ecology of Macro-Invertebrate Fauna of Ogbei Stream in Nkpologwu, Aguata Title Local Government Area, Anambra State, Nigeria. Physical Sciences Faculty Zoology Department March, 2005. Date Signature Signature THE ECOLOGY OF MACRO-INVERTEBRATE FAUNA OF OGBEI STREAM IN NKPOLOGWU, AGUATA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA IBEMENUGA KEZIAH NWAMAKA M.Sc. ZOOLOGY (HYDROBIOLOGY) MARCH 2005 THE ECOLOGY OF MACRO-INVERTEBRATE FAUNA OF OGBEI STREAM IN NKPOLOGWU, AGUATA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA. IBEMENUGA KEZIAH NWAMAKA PG/M.Sc.100/28091 A PROJECT REPORT SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF MASTER OF SCIENCE IN HYDROBIOLOGY TO THE DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY, UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA, NSUKKA. DEPARTMENT OF ZOOLOGY UNIVERSITY OF NIGERIA NSUKKA MARCH 2005 TITLE PAGE THE ECOLOGY OF MACRO-INVERTEBRATE FAUNA OF OGBEI STREAM IN NKPOLOGWU, AGUATA LOCAL GOVERNMENT AREA, ANAMBRA STATE, NIGERIA CERTIFICATION Miss Ibemenuga, K. N., a postgraduate student of Department of Zoology with Registration Number PG/M.Sc./00/28091,has satisfactorily completed the requirements for course and research work for the degree of Master of Science in Zoology (Hydrobiology). The work embodied in this project report is original and has not been submitted in part or full for other diploma or degree of this or any other university. ........................... Supervisor Head of Department (Dr. N M lnyan (Dr. H.M.G. Ezenwaji) Department of Zoology Department of Zoology University of Nigeria University of Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria Nsukka, Nigeria DEDICATION To my personal Lord and Saviour, Jesus Christ. -
Occasional Papers
NUMBER 79, 64 pages 27 July 2004 BISHOP MUSEUM OCCASIONAL PAPERS RECORDS OF THE HAWAII BIOLOGICAL SURVEY FOR 2003 PART 2: NOTES NEAL L. EVENHUIS AND LUCIUS G. ELDREDGE, EDITORS BISHOP MUSEUM PRESS HONOLULU C Printed on recycled paper Cover illustration: soldier of Coptotermes formosanus, the subterranean termite (modified from Williams, F.X., 1931, Handbook of the insects and other invertebrates of Hawaiian sugar cane fields). Bishop Museum Press has been publishing scholarly books on the natu- RESEARCH ral and cultural history of Hawai‘i and the Pacific since 1892. The Bernice P. Bishop Museum Bulletin series (ISSN 0005-9439) was begun PUBLICATIONS OF in 1922 as a series of monographs presenting the results of research in many scientific fields throughout the Pacific. In 1987, the Bulletin series BISHOP MUSEUM was superceded by the Museum’s five current monographic series, issued irregularly: Bishop Museum Bulletins in Anthropology (ISSN 0893-3111) Bishop Museum Bulletins in Botany (ISSN 0893-3138) Bishop Museum Bulletins in Entomology (ISSN 0893-3146) Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology (ISSN 0893-312X) Bishop Museum Bulletins in Cultural and Environmental Studies (NEW) (ISSN 1548-9620) Bishop Museum Press also publishes Bishop Museum Occasional Papers (ISSN 0893-1348), a series of short papers describing original research in the natural and cultural sciences. To subscribe to any of the above series, or to purchase individual publi- cations, please write to: Bishop Museum Press, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawai‘i 96817-2704, USA. Phone: (808) 848-4135. Email: [email protected]. Institutional libraries interested in exchang- ing publications may also contact the Bishop Museum Press for more information. -
South African Museum
A X N A 1, S SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM VOLUME xvrr. PART IV, containing:— !_i,— S'IKHI African < 'rusloc a (Part X of S.A. 1'rustaeea, for tho Marine InvesiioTitions in South Africa).—L>v tho REV, THOMAS H. I!. .STUBBING, M.A., F.U.S., F.US., F.Z.S., Fellow of Kind's College, London, lion. Meinb. of Xow Zealand Inst., lion. Fellow of \Voreester College, Oxford. (Plates XVUl-XXVIl of Vol. XVII. Plates XCVI1I- U\'ll of Crustacea.) ]{).—Descriptions of Smith African M!cro-],rpiihiptem.—l'y F, MEYKICK, 13.A., F.lt.S." ISSUED FEBRUARY ->7th, Uti'O. PRICE lo*. I'RINTED FOK THE TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFKICAiN MUSEUM BY AJU.ARD AND SON AN 11 WEST NEWMAN, LTD., BARTHOLOMEW CLOSE, LONDON. ANNALS OK THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM VOLUME XVII. ANNALS OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM VOLUME X VII. PRINTED FOR THE TRUSTEES OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSRUM BY ADLARD & SON & WEST NEWMAN, LTD., LONDON. 1917—1920. TRUSTEED OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. The flight Hon. JOHN XAVIER MERRIMAN, P.C., M.L.A. Sir THOMAS MUIR, Kt., C.M.G., L.L.D., F.R.S., F.R.S.E The Hon. JOHN WILLIAM JAGGER, M.L.A., F.R.Stat.S. SCIENTIFIC STAFF OF THE SOUTH AFRICAN MUSEUM. Louis ALBERT PERINGUEY, D.SC, F.Z.S., F.E.S., Director SIDNEY HENRY HAUGHTON, B.A., F.G.S.. Assistant Director. ARTHUR LEWIS HALL, B.A., Keeper of the Geological and Mineralogical Collections. IvEi'i'EL HARCOURT BARNARD, M.A., F.L.S., Assistant in Charge of Fish and Marine Invertebrate Collections. -
Wiesław Krzemiński—A Man of a Great Passion for Fossil Flies
Palaeoentomology 003 (5): 434–444 ISSN 2624-2826 (print edition) https://www.mapress.com/j/pe/ PALAEOENTOMOLOGY Copyright © 2020 Magnolia Press Editorial ISSN 2624-2834 (online edition) PE https://doi.org/10.11646/palaeoentomology.3.5.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:72BA5A28-1CE2-4C20-8DA0-B9E4DA3D0354 Wiesław Krzemiński—a man of a great passion for fossil flies AgnIESzKA SOSzyńSKA-MAJ1, KOrnElIA SKIBIńSKA2 & KAtArzynA KOPEć2 1University of Lodz, Faculty of Biology and Environmental Protection, Department of Invertebrate Zoology and Hydrobiology, 90-237 Lodz, Poland 2Institute of Systematics and Evolution of Animals, Polish Academy of Sciences, 31-016 Krakow, Poland �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2661-6685 �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5971-9373 �[email protected]; https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6449-3412 FIGURE 1. Wiesław Krzemiński, natural History Museum in london, 2014 (photo A. Soszyńska-Maj). Wiesław Krzemiński was born on 26 October 1948, Polish Academy of Sciences in Kraków (ISEA PAS) and in Oświęcim, south of Poland. In his youth he was an the Pedagogical University in Kraków. addicted book reader and developed his love for nature. In 1976, Wiesław finished his master’s degree at After few years of playing in a big beat band he eventually the Department of Biology and Earth Sciences at the focused on biology. Currently, he is a full time Professor Jagiellonian University in Kraków under the supervision of and works in the Institute of Systematics and Evolution Dr. Janusz Wojtusiak. His thesis considered the taxonomy 434 Submitted: 6 May. -
Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names
Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus-group names. Part V Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart Evenhuis, Neal L.; Pape, Thomas; Pont, Adrian C. DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Publication date: 2016 Document version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Document license: CC BY Citation for published version (APA): Evenhuis, N. L., Pape, T., & Pont, A. C. (2016). Nomenclatural studies toward a world list of Diptera genus- group names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart. Magnolia Press. Zootaxa Vol. 4172 No. 1 https://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 Download date: 28. sep.. 2021 Zootaxa 4172 (1): 001–211 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) http://www.mapress.com/j/zt/ Monograph ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2016 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.4172.1.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:22128906-32FA-4A80-85D6-10F114E81A7B ZOOTAXA 4172 Nomenclatural Studies Toward a World List of Diptera Genus-Group Names. Part V: Pierre-Justin-Marie Macquart NEAL L. EVENHUIS1, THOMAS PAPE2 & ADRIAN C. PONT3 1 J. Linsley Gressitt Center for Entomological Research, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, Hawaii 96817-2704, USA. E-mail: [email protected] 2 Natural History Museum of Denmark, Universitetsparken 15, 2100 Copenhagen, Denmark. E-mail: [email protected] 3Oxford University Museum of Natural History, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3PW, UK. E-mail: [email protected] Magnolia Press Auckland, New Zealand Accepted by D. Whitmore: 15 Aug. 2016; published: 30 Sept. 2016 Licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0 NEAL L. -
Fly Times Issue 53, October 2014
FLY TIMES ISSUE 53, October, 2014 Stephen D. Gaimari, editor Plant Pest Diagnostics Branch California Department of Food & Agriculture 3294 Meadowview Road Sacramento, California 95832, USA Tel: (916) 262-1131 FAX: (916) 262-1190 Email: [email protected] Welcome to the latest issue of Fly Times! As usual, I thank everyone for sending in such interesting articles! I hope you all enjoy reading it as much as I enjoyed putting it together! Please let me encourage all of you to consider contributing articles that may be of interest to the Diptera community for the next issue. Fly Times offers a great forum to report on your research activities and to make requests for taxa being studied, as well as to report interesting observations about flies, to discuss new and improved methods, to advertise opportunities for dipterists, to report on or announce meetings relevant to the community, etc., with all the associated digital images you wish to provide. This is also a great place to report on your interesting (and hopefully fruitful) collecting activities! Really anything fly-related is considered. And of course, thanks very much to Chris Borkent for again assembling the list of Diptera citations since the last Fly Times! The electronic version of the Fly Times continues to be hosted on the North American Dipterists Society website at http://www.nadsdiptera.org/News/FlyTimes/Flyhome.htm. For this issue, I want to again thank all the contributors for sending me so many great articles! Feel free to share your opinions or provide ideas on how to improve the newsletter.