DOCSLIB.ORG

The Role of Wild-Caught Fisheries in African Development

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text

Load more

THE ROLE OF WILD-CAUGHT FISHERIES IN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT MAY 2018 THE ROLE OF WILD-CAUGHT FISHERIES IN AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT CONTRACT INFORMATION This work is made possible by the generous support of the American people through the United States Agency for International Development through the contract number AID-OAA-I-14-00014/AID-OAA-TO-15-00020 for the Biodiversity Results Integrated and Development Gains Enhanced (BRIDGE) project. BRIDGE is funded and managed by the USAID Bureau for Economic Growth, Education and Environment/Ofce of Forestry and Biodiversity. DISCLAIMER The authors’ views expressed in this publication do not necessarily refect the views of the United States Agency for International Development or the United States Government. FRONT COVER: GHANA – 2010: A fishmonger preparing fish for smoking. Photo by Glenn G. Page, SustainaMetrix for USAID INTRODUCTION The 2016 Global Food Security Act calls for the U.S. Government to develop and implement a comprehensive, strategic approach to achieve global food security and nutrition, and promote inclusive, sustainable and resilient development. This multi-objective approach should focus on small-scale producers, including fshers, farmers, pastoralists and foresters. Feed the Future, the U.S. Government’s global hunger and food security initiative, has primarily focused on terrestrial crops and aquaculture (i.e., fsh farming), rather than fshing and fsheries (i.e., harvesting of wild-caught fsh). Given the Act’s mandate for a more comprehensive approach, what is the role of fshing and wild-caught fsheries in achieving global food security and nutrition goals? How can the lessons learned from farming reforms and other strategies through Feed the Future be successfully applied to fsheries management? To address these questions, the U.S. Agency for • Efective ways to improve governance and International Development’s (USAID) Food Security management of wild fsheries, particularly the role and Biodiversity Integration Working Group of nutrition-sensitive national fshing policies and local commissioned a research study.1 As a frst step, governance; the research team conducted interviews with key • The comparative advantages and disadvantages of technical staf at USAID’s Bureau for Food Security, wild-caught fsheries and aquaculture projects; the Ofce of Food for Peace, the Bureau for Global Health and the Bureau for Democracy, Confict • How lessons learned from Feed the Future can be and Humanitarian Assistance to better understand applied to improve wild fsheries management and their knowledge and perceptions of wild-caught enhance productivity; and fsheries and the contributions of these fsheries • Information on successful wild-caught fsheries projects to development. The interviews also helped clarify and implementation approaches. how lessons learned from Feed the Future could be applied to improve wild fsheries management. This report summarizes the evidence base related to these key areas of interest. The report specifcally Through these interviews, the research team focuses on small-scale fsheries in East and West Africa identifed the following key areas of interest and due to their critical role in supporting food security, knowledge gaps related to wild-caught fsheries resilience and nutrition in these regions. This report management as a development strategy at USAID: then presents opportunities and recommendations • The linkages between wild-caught fsheries and for intervening in wild-caught fsheries management poverty reduction, income, nutrition and resilience; to improve the livelihoods and food security of the hundreds of millions of people who depend • The potential links between coastal fsheries and the on wild fsh for nourishment and income. food security and nutrition of inland communities where Feed the Future often works (i.e., the zones of infuence); 1 This research study was supported by USAID’s Ofce of Forestry and Biodiversity and conducted by the Biodiversity Results and Integrated Development Gains Enhanced (BRIDGE) project. The Smithsonian Institution, a BRIDGE partner, helped conduct this study. 1 • In Africa, marine and KEY FINDINGS freshwater fsheries employ 93% of people in the fsh production sector, and aquaculture employs the remaining 7%. The 2016 Global Food Security Act recognizes the • Women make up importance of strengthening agricultural systems, approximately 50% of fsh including wild-caught fsheries, and sustainably industry workers, with 90% of them engaged in post- intensifying their productivity in meeting its goals. Fish harvest activities. is the primary source of animal protein for almost one • Fish is a signifcant contributor billion people globally, many of whom live at or below to total animal protein intake in INTRODUCTIONthe poverty line and face chronic food insecurity. many African countries such as Ghana (63%), Senegal (44%), Fish, particularly when eaten whole, is a signifcant the Gambia (49%) and Sierra source of essential vitamins, minerals and fats and Leone (70%). an important complement to the carbohydrate-rich • The World Bank estimates that poor management of diets of many of the world’s poor. In many developing wild-caught fsheries leads countries, fsh is among the cheapest and most to $83 billion in lost economic benefts globally accessible sources of protein and a preferred part of and $10 billion in Africa traditional diets. Furthermore, marine and freshwater each year. fsheries are estimated to employ more than 320 million people globally (Teh and Sumaila 2013, Bartley et al. 2015). This review of the current evidence base on the role of wild-caught fsheries in Africa identifed five main findings: Wild-caught fisheries support livelihoods for millions of people and well-managed fisheries can alleviate poverty and strengthen resilience in many African countries; Fish is a highly nutritious food that contributes to food security and nutrition for over 400 million Africans in both coastal and inland areas; Wild-caught fisheries are at risk of decline, decreased productivity and collapse due to poor management, with serious implications for development outcomes in Africa; There is an urgent need to reform and strengthen wild-caught fisheries management; and USAID has the tools, experience and knowledge to do so. 2 As with farming systems, proper management of both food security by helping priority countries improve small-scale and industrial-scale wild-caught fsheries is their agricultural sectors so they can produce enough key to maintaining and increasing their productivity. food to sustainably feed their populations. There is an When well-managed, wild-caught fsheries can play opportunity to apply the lessons from these terrestrial a critical role in food security, nutrition and poverty successes to wild-caught fsheries while positioning reduction in Africa and are an integral part of rural Feed the Future to be an international leader in development and equitable resource use. For example, comprehensive global food security. With adequate over 90 percent of the catch from small-scale fsheries management approaches and investment, the natural is destined for domestic consumption, contributing productivity of wild-caught fsheries can be enhanced, directly to local food supplies (FAO 2015). leading to larger fsh populations and increased catches, higher proftability and improved human well-being. Since its launch in 2010, USAID’s Feed the Future initiative has made key advances in improving global GHANA – 2011: Fishing port of Tema. Photo by A. Kauffeld, USAID 3 FACTS ABOUT WILD-CAUGHT 5 FISHERIES & AFRICAN DEVELOPMENT BUREAU FOR CENTER FOR BUREAU FOR DEMOCRACY, OFFICE OF FOOD OFFICE OF FORESTRY FOOD SECURITY RESILIENCE GLOBAL HEALTH HUMAN RIGHTS AND FOR PEACE & BIODIVERSITY (FAB) GOVERNANCE OFFICE Staff from these USAID operating units asked… ...and the FAB Office found… Fisheries support How do fisheries 1 up to 20% of jobs contribute to 20% in some countries. poverty reduction, 50% income and Women make up resilience? 50% of fish industry workers. What is the role of fisheries in 2 For 400 MILLION We are rich in food security Africans, fish is an affordable and micronutrients!!! and nutrition? accessible source of protein. INLAND COMMUNITIES use coastal and lake fishthrough established trade routes. What are the risks …while risk of fisheries from poor fisheries 3 $10 BILLION collapse and job loss governance and in revenues are lost annually increases without adequate management? in Africa…. management. What should future In Africa, wild fisheries Both sectors Fishing investments focus 4 employ 93% of need better is too on – improving wild- 93% management, workers in the fish to caught fisheries or sector, aquaculture but... Big aquaculture? employs 7%. Ignore. What lessons Successful Feed the Future strategies can be from Feed the 5 adapted such as… Future can be promote secure tenure for fishing grounds applied to fisheries strengthen fishing associations management? provide training and extension services What are examples Check out of successful fisheries FINDING 5 projects and approaches? to learn about 9 strategies and 4 examples of successful fisheries management. • The wild-caught fsheries FINDING : sector employs an estimated 1 20% of the workforce in WILD-CAUGHT FISHERIES ARE CRITICAL FOR Senegal. LIVELIHOODS, ALLEVIATING POVERTY AND • In West Africa, the number of STRENGTHENING RESILIENCE people relying on wild-caught fsheries for food security and livelihoods has increased by approximately
Recommended publications
  • Dyhia Belhabib, Sarah Harper, Dirk Zeller and Daniel Pauly

    Dyhia Belhabib, Sarah Harper, Dirk Zeller and Daniel Pauly

    Reconstruction of marine fisheries catches for Morocco-Belhabib et al. 23 RECONSTRUCTION OF MARINE FISHERIES CATCHES FOR MOROCOO (NORTH, CENTRAL AND SOUTH), 1950-20101 Dyhia Belhabib, Sarah Harper, Dirk Zeller and Daniel Pauly Sea Around Us Project, Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia 2202 Main Mall, Vancouver, V6T 1Z4, Canada [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected] ABSTRACT Fisheries catches in the Moroccan Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), including the Atlantic and Mediterranean areas, were reconstructed to include commercial small-scale, commercial large-scale, illegal and unregulated fisheries, non-commercial recreational and subsistence fisheries, and foreign catches in both EEZ areas. Estimated domestic catches suggest that Moroccan data supplied to FAO are less reliable than they should be, with over 41.5% of catches being unreported. This study also shows that 25.4 million tonnes of catches were taken from the southern EEZ area, which contributed to 52% of the Moroccan catch estimated at 48.4 million tonnes. This illustrates not only that Morocco needs to improve its fisheries monitoring system to include small-scale fishing and unregulated fishing, but also questions the impacts of the fishing access agreements signed by Morocco on the local economy and fisheries sustainability, particularly in the southern area where most foreign catches are taken. INTRODUCTION Morocco is located in North Africa, west of Algeria and shares the Alboran Sea with Spain in the North. On the West African coast, Morocco, including the former Spanish Sahara, ranges from Tangier (36° N) to Lagouira (20° N) on Cape Blanc, which is one of the richest fishing areas in the world due to the sustained east central Atlantic upwelling (Porter 1997; Anon.
  • SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES and RESPONSIBLE AQUACULTURE: a Guide for USAID Staff and Partners

    SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES and RESPONSIBLE AQUACULTURE: a Guide for USAID Staff and Partners

    SUSTAINABLE FISHERIES AND RESPONSIBLE AQUACULTURE: A Guide for USAID Staff and Partners June 2013 ABOUT THIS GUIDE GOAL This guide provides basic information on how to design programs to reform capture fisheries (also referred to as “wild” fisheries) and aquaculture sectors to ensure sound and effective development, environmental sustainability, economic profitability, and social responsibility. To achieve these objectives, this document focuses on ways to reduce the threats to biodiversity and ecosystem productivity through improved governance and more integrated planning and management practices. In the face of food insecurity, global climate change, and increasing population pressures, it is imperative that development programs help to maintain ecosystem resilience and the multiple goods and services that ecosystems provide. Conserving biodiversity and ecosystem functions are central to maintaining ecosystem integrity, health, and productivity. The intent of the guide is not to suggest that fisheries and aquaculture are interchangeable: these sectors are unique although linked. The world cannot afford to neglect global fisheries and expect aquaculture to fill that void. Global food security will not be achievable without reversing the decline of fisheries, restoring fisheries productivity, and moving towards more environmentally friendly and responsible aquaculture. There is a need for reform in both fisheries and aquaculture to reduce their environmental and social impacts. USAID’s experience has shown that well-designed programs can reform capture fisheries management, reducing threats to biodiversity while leading to increased productivity, incomes, and livelihoods. Agency programs have focused on an ecosystem-based approach to management in conjunction with improved governance, secure tenure and access to resources, and the application of modern management practices.
  • Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance Fourth Edition – APRIL 2011

    Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance Fourth Edition – APRIL 2011

    SGR 129 Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance Fourth Edition – APRIL 2011 DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES PUBLIC HEALTH SERVICE FOOD AND DRUG ADMINISTRATION CENTER FOR FOOD SAFETY AND APPLIED NUTRITION OFFICE OF FOOD SAFETY Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance Fourth Edition – April 2011 Additional copies may be purchased from: Florida Sea Grant IFAS - Extension Bookstore University of Florida P.O. Box 110011 Gainesville, FL 32611-0011 (800) 226-1764 Or www.ifasbooks.com Or you may download a copy from: http://www.fda.gov/FoodGuidances You may submit electronic or written comments regarding this guidance at any time. Submit electronic comments to http://www.regulations. gov. Submit written comments to the Division of Dockets Management (HFA-305), Food and Drug Administration, 5630 Fishers Lane, Rm. 1061, Rockville, MD 20852. All comments should be identified with the docket number listed in the notice of availability that publishes in the Federal Register. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Food and Drug Administration Center for Food Safety and Applied Nutrition (240) 402-2300 April 2011 Table of Contents: Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance • Guidance for the Industry: Fish and Fishery Products Hazards and Controls Guidance ................................ 1 • CHAPTER 1: General Information .......................................................................................................19 • CHAPTER 2: Conducting a Hazard Analysis and Developing a HACCP Plan
  • Thailand's Shrimp Culture Growing

    Thailand's Shrimp Culture Growing

    Foreign Fishery Developments BURMA ':.. VIET­ ,' . .' NAM LAOS .............. Thailand's Shrimp ...... Culture Growing THAI LAND ,... ~samut Sangkhram :. ~amut Sakorn Pond cultivation ofblacktigerprawns, khlaarea. Songkhla's National Institute '. \ \ Bangkok........· Penaeus monodon, has brought sweep­ ofCoastal Aquaculture (NICA) has pro­ , ••~ Samut prokan ing economic change over the last2 years vided the technological foundation for the to the coastal areas of Songkhla and establishment of shrimp culture in this Nakhon Si Thammarat on the Malaysian area. Since 1982, NICA has operated a Peninsula (Fig. 1). Large, vertically inte­ large shrimp hatchery where wild brood grated aquaculture companies and small­ stock are reared on high-quality feeds in .... Gulf of () VIET­ scale rice farmers alike have invested optimum water temperature and salinity NAM heavily in the transformation of paddy conditions. The initial buyers ofNICA' s Thailand fields into semi-intensive ponds for shrimp postlarvae (pI) were small-scale Nakhon Si Thammarat shrimp raising. Theyhave alsodeveloped shrimp farmers surrounding Songkhla • Hua Sai Songkhla an impressive infrastructure ofelectrical Lake. .. Hot Yai and water supplies, feeder roads, shrimp Andaman hatcheries, shrimp nurseries, feed mills, Background Sea cold storage, and processing plants. Thailand's shrimp culture industry is Located within an hour's drive ofSong­ the fastest growing in Southeast Asia. In khla's new deep-waterport, the burgeon­ only 5 years, Thailand has outstripped its Figure 1.-Thailand and its major shrimp ing shrimp industry will have direct competitors to become the region's num­ culture area. access to international markets. Despite ber one producer. Thai shrimp harvests a price slump since May 1989, expansion in 1988 reached 55,000 metric tons (t), onall fronts-production, processingand a 320 percent increase over the 13,000 t marketing-continues at a feverish pace.
  • How to Match Your Catch to the Season

    How to Match Your Catch to the Season

    The Dish 06.05.2018 ild garlic and British springtime: Scottish variegated mint are lobster, turbot, sea trout, plaice, sprouting on the brill and crab. “It’s nice to look Wriverbank and forward to the seasons,” says Rex swallows swoop overhead. My HOW TO Goldsmith, the owner, who waders aren’t wet yet. Instead, celebrates the arrival of spring Stuart Wardle is teaching me the by roasting the first trout of the importance of reading the river. year, serving it with Jersey royals, “There’s no point fishing where M ATC H new-season asparagus and there aren’t any fish,” the expert homemade mayonnaise. angler points out, as we happily Most of the fish in Goldsmith’s tramp along the bank looking for display have recently finished clues — a hatch of mayflies or YOUR their spawning season, and are birds divebombing for insects now back on his counter after bobbing on the water. months of absence. For a lot of “Everything in nature is linked,” native British species, the mating Wardle explains. Warm weather CATC H period falls over the start of the coaxes insects out of hibernation. year, which is why May signals a They feed on the new leaves, and springtime bounty — the fish have they, in turn, become a juicy meal finished replenishing their stocks for the fish. “I look forward to TO THE and are in prime condition for every season, but there’s the table. something special about late “You don’t want to eat fish spring — everything is bursting during the spawning season.
  • Aquaponics NOMA New Innovations for Sustainable Aquaculture in the Nordic Countries

    Aquaponics NOMA New Innovations for Sustainable Aquaculture in the Nordic Countries

    NORDIC INNOVATION PUBLICATION 2015:06 // MAY 2015 Aquaponics NOMA New Innovations for Sustainable Aquaculture in the Nordic Countries Aquaponics NOMA (Nordic Marine) New Innovations for Sustainable Aquaculture in the Nordic Countries Author(s): Siv Lene Gangenes Skar, Bioforsk Norway Helge Liltved, NIVA Norway Paul Rye Kledal, IGFF Denmark Rolf Høgberget, NIVA Norway Rannveig Björnsdottir, Matis Iceland Jan Morten Homme, Feedback Aquaculture ANS Norway Sveinbjörn Oddsson, Matorka Iceland Helge Paulsen, DTU-Aqua Denmark Asbjørn Drengstig, AqVisor AS Norway Nick Savidov, AARD, Canada Randi Seljåsen, Bioforsk Norway May 2015 Nordic Innovation publication 2015:06 Aquaponics NOMA (Nordic Marine) – New Innovations for Sustainable Aquaculture in the Nordic Countries Project 11090 Participants Siv Lene Gangenes Skar, Bioforsk/NIBIO Norway, [email protected] Helge Liltved, NIVA/UiA Norway, [email protected] Asbjørn Drengstig, AqVisor AS Norway, [email protected] Jan M. Homme, Feedback Aquaculture Norway, [email protected] Paul Rye Kledal, IGFF Denmark, [email protected] Helge Paulsen, DTU Aqua Denmark, [email protected] Rannveig Björnsdottir, Matis Iceland, [email protected] Sveinbjörn Oddsson, Matorka Iceland, [email protected] Nick Savidov, AARD Canada, [email protected] Key words: aquaponics, bioeconomy, recirculation, nutrients, mass balance, fish nutrition, trout, plant growth, lettuce, herbs, nitrogen, phosphorus, business design, system design, equipment, Nordic, aquaculture, horticulture, RAS. Abstract The main objective of AQUAPONICS NOMA (Nordic Marine) was to establish innovation networks on co-production of plants and fish (aquaponics), and thereby improve Nordic competitiveness in the marine & food sector. To achieve this, aquaponics production units were established in Iceland, Norway and Denmark, adapted to the local needs and regulations.
  • Fisheries Series Part II: Commercial Policy & Management for Commercial Fishing

    Fisheries Series Part II: Commercial Policy & Management for Commercial Fishing

    SAILFISHVERSION 14 TEENS TAKE ON BILLFISH CONSERVATION FISHERIES SERIES Part II: Commercial POLICY & MANAGEMENT for Commercial Fishing All About AQUACULTURE RECAPTURE MAPS Jr. Angler Profile SALES DE LA BARRE Cutler Bay Academy Welcomes The Billfish Foundation & Carey Chen CONTENTS Inside this issue of Sailfish FFEATURESEATURES 3 Fisheries Series Part II: Commercial Fishing 5 Aquaculture 7 Policy & Management of Commercial Fisheries 8 Commercial Fishing Review Questions 9 Cutler Bay Academy Students Enjoy Visit from TBF & Carey Chen 10 Billfish Advocacy at South Broward High ALSO INSIDE Get Involved: Track your school’s climate impact Recapture Maps Jr Angler Profile – Sales de La Barre We would like to extend our gratitude to the Fleming Family Foundation and the William H. and Mattie Wattis Harris Foundation for their belief in education as an important conservation tool. The Billfish Founation, educators, students, parents, the ocean and the fish are grateful for our sponsors generous donation that made this issue of Sailfish possible. Copyright 2014 • The Billfish Foundation • Editor: Peter Chaibongsai • Associate Editor: Elizabeth Black • Graphic Designer: Jackie Marsolais Sister Publications: Billfish and Spearfish magazines • Published by The Billfish Foundation • For subscription information contact: [email protected] by Jorie Heilman COMMERCIAL FISHING by Jorie Heilman What provides nutrition to 3 billion people gear advanced, humans could pursue food Top left: Aquacage snapper farm. Top right: Korean fishing boat. Below top to bottom: worldwide and is relied upon by 500 sources that were farther off the coast. Fishing boat in India. Commercial longline boat. Fishermen in the Seychelles. Commercial million people for their livelihoods? The Fish traps and nets were among the fishermen on a dock fixing a net.
  • Wholesale Market Profiles for Alaska Groundfish and Crab Fisheries

    Wholesale Market Profiles for Alaska Groundfish and Crab Fisheries

    JANUARY 2020 Wholesale Market Profiles for Alaska Groundfish and FisheriesCrab Wholesale Market Profiles for Alaska Groundfish and Crab Fisheries JANUARY 2020 JANUARY Prepared by: McDowell Group Authors and Contributions: From NOAA-NMFS’ Alaska Fisheries Science Center: Ben Fissel (PI, project oversight, project design, and editor), Brian Garber-Yonts (editor). From McDowell Group, Inc.: Jim Calvin (project oversight and editor), Dan Lesh (lead author/ analyst), Garrett Evridge (author/analyst) , Joe Jacobson (author/analyst), Paul Strickler (author/analyst). From Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission: Bob Ryznar (project oversight and sub-contractor management), Jean Lee (data compilation and analysis) This report was produced and funded by the NOAA-NMFS’ Alaska Fisheries Science Center. Funding was awarded through a competitive contract to the Pacific States Marine Fisheries Commission and McDowell Group, Inc. The analysis was conducted during the winter of 2018 and spring of 2019, based primarily on 2017 harvest and market data. A final review by staff from NOAA-NMFS’ Alaska Fisheries Science Center was completed in June 2019 and the document was finalized in March 2016. Data throughout the report was compiled in November 2018. Revisions to source data after this time may not be reflect in this report. Typically, revisions to economic fisheries data are not substantial and data presented here accurately reflects the trends in the analyzed markets. For data sourced from NMFS and AKFIN the reader should refer to the Economic Status Report of the Groundfish Fisheries Off Alaska, 2017 (https://www.fisheries.noaa.gov/resource/data/2017-economic-status-groundfish-fisheries-alaska) and Economic Status Report of the BSAI King and Tanner Crab Fisheries Off Alaska, 2018 (https://www.fisheries.noaa.
  • Recent Advances in Fish Processing and Product Development

    Recent Advances in Fish Processing and Product Development

    Recent advances in fish processing and product development Item Type article Authors Nair, M.R. Download date 01/10/2021 22:59:05 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/1834/31809 Journal of the Indian Fisheries Association 18, 1988, 483-488 RECENT ADVANCES IN FISH PROCESSING AND PRODUCT DEVELOPMENT M.R. NAIR Central Institute of Fisheries Technology, Coct)in - 682 029. ABSTRACT There are good possibilities for expanding the consumer sector in both the traditional and nontraditional marine products. Frozen shrimp continues to be the item of highest demand in foreign markets. Individual quick frozen (IQF) prawns which are indeed value added products and have already penetrated international markets elicit export incentive from development agencies like the Marine Products Export Development Authority. With the projected potential of 1.8 lakh tonnes of cephalopods against the current yield . of 13,000 tonnes, there are good prospects of increasing exports of frozen &;JUid and cuttlefish. The technology of packing fish in retortable pouches as an alternative to canning has now been perfected. Salted fish mirice has good market potential within the country and abroad. Diversification of fish products which are acceptable to larger fish consuming communities would alone ensure profitable utilization of our marine resources. INTRODUCTION India's total marine fish ·landings amount to 1.53 million metric tonnes against the harvestable resource of 4. 5 million ton nes projected potential. Of the landings, just over 65% are con­ sumed in fresh condition, about 20% converted· into salted and dried products, 4% reducted into fish meal and 7% made into frozen products which almost exclusively go for export purpose.
  • Towards Sustainability in World Fisheries

    Towards Sustainability in World Fisheries

    insight review articles Towards sustainability in world fisheries Daniel Pauly, Villy Christensen, Sylvie Guénette, Tony J. Pitcher, U. Rashid Sumaila, Carl J. Walters, R. Watson & Dirk Zeller Fisheries Centre, University of British Columbia, 2204 Main Mall, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada V6T 1Z4 (e-mail: [email protected]) Fisheries have rarely been ‘sustainable’. Rather, fishing has induced serial depletions, long masked by improved technology, geographic expansion and exploitation of previously spurned species lower in the food web. With global catches declining since the late 1980s, continuation of present trends will lead to supply shortfall, for which aquaculture cannot be expected to compensate, and may well exacerbate. Reducing fishing capacity to appropriate levels will require strong reductions of subsidies. Zoning the oceans into unfished marine reserves and areas with limited levels of fishing effort would allow sustainable fisheries, based on resources embedded in functional, diverse ecosystems. ishing is the catching of aquatic wildlife, the aftermath of the Second World War added another ‘peace equivalent of hunting bison, deer and rabbits on dividend’ to the industrialization of fishing: freezer trawlers, land. Thus, it is not surprising that industrial- radar and acoustic fish finders. The fleets of the Northern scale fishing should generally not be sustainable: Hemisphere were ready to take on the world. industrial-scale hunting, on land, would not be, Fisheries science advanced over this time as well: the two Feither. What is surprising rather, is how entrenched the world wars had shown that strongly exploited fish popula- notion is that unspecified ‘environmental change’ caused, tions, such as those of the North Sea, would recover most, if and continues to cause, the collapse of exploited fish not all, of their previous abundance when released from populations.
  • Resources for Fish Feed in Future Mariculture

    Resources for Fish Feed in Future Mariculture

    Vol. 1: 187–200, 2011 AQUACULTURE ENVIRONMENT INTERACTIONS Published online March 10 doi: 10.3354/aei00019 Aquacult Environ Interact OPENPEN ACCESSCCESS AS I SEE IT Resources for fish feed in future mariculture Yngvar Olsen* Trondhjem Biological Station, Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, 7491 Trondheim, Norway ABSTRACT: There is a growing concern about the ability to produce enough nutritious food to feed the global human population in this century. Environmental conflicts and a limited freshwater supply constrain further developments in agriculture; global fisheries have levelled off, and aquaculture may have to play a more prominent role in supplying human food. Freshwater is important, but it is also a major challenge to cultivate the oceans in an environmentally, economically and energy- friendly way. To support this, a long-term vision must be to derive new sources of feed, primarily taken from outside the human food chain, and to move carnivore production to a lower trophic level. The main aim of this paper is to speculate on how feed supplies can be produced for an expanding aquaculture industry by and beyond 2050 and to establish a roadmap of the actions needed to achieve this. Resources from agriculture, fish meal and fish oil are the major components of pellet fish feeds. All cultured animals take advantage of a certain fraction of fish meal in the feed, and marine carnivores depend on a supply of marine lipids containing highly unsaturated fatty acids (HUFA, with ≥3 double bonds and ≥20 carbon chain length) in the feed. The availability of HUFA is likely the main constraint for developing carnivore aquaculture in the next decades.
  • FISH-TALES-August-2018.Pdf

    FISH-TALES-August-2018.Pdf

    ™ August 2018 TALES FISHFISH TALESTA SamuelsSAamuels andanLd SonSon SeafoodSEeafood MagazineMSagazine FISHFISHTALESTA SamuelsA andL Son SeafoodE MagazineS InIn thisthis Issue:Issue: NewNew SkyeSkye SteelheadSteelhead Trout,Trout, YouYou WillWill LoveLove thethe Flavor!Flavor! InIn TheThe News…News… SamuelsSamuels HostsHosts FINdustryFINdustry NIGHTNIGHT atat IndependenceIndependence BeerBeer GardenGarden InIn thethe Spotlight-Spotlight- BelliniBellini Grill,Grill, a PhiladelphiaPhiladelphia TraditionTradition StoriesStories ofof thethe Sea-Sea- TakeTake a TripTrip toto TsukijiTsukiji andand FukuokaFukuoka MarketsMarkets EmployeesEmployees ofof thethe MonthMonth Spot BelliniBellini GGrillrill Philadelphia, PA light by: Jessica Jewel Tyler Congratulations to... Salvador Robles who has a 7-year track record of exceptional service on the road and with his Italian food is one of the most distinctive (and vivid uses of color and detailed shading. When the customers. With his delicious) types of food – but each region in Italy has “Bellini” drink was invented, hundreds of years later, positive attitude and its own long, rich history of food. For example, most Giovanni Bellini’s paintings, and the sunset pink color punctual deliveries, he is of the foods that Americans view as Italian, such as of the saint’s robe, inspired the name. Today, if you go truly an example of how spaghetti and pizza, originate from Central Italy. to the Bellini Grill and look up, you’ll find this painting to represent our company Northern Italian dishes however, have a different on the ceiling still inspiring great food and drink. and keep our customers influence from other European countries such as happy! France. They use a lot of pork, along with potatoes, “I’ve always been fascinated by the history of food polenta, rice, or risotto and various cheeses.