Plus Managing Bison Love Your Label Methane Research Fake Meat Pie Mythane

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PLUS MANAGING BISON LOVE YOUR LABEL METHANE RESEARCH FAKE MEAT PIE MYTHANE

In response to growing yeast is used to produce heme, “the ‘magic Sustainable Farming public awareness of molecule’ that makes meat taste like meat.” Summer 2019 the climate emergency, Not what most conscientious consumers would Volume 4 / Issue 3 plant-based diets and consider natural or environmentally friendly! Cover price $5 lab-grown proteins And that’s before we discuss the potential sustainablefarming have rapidly emerged health and environmental questions mag.com as the self-proclaimed surrounding lab-grown meat production.

answer to all our prayers, Editor: Peter Mundy ORLOV/ISTOCK VADIM offering healthy, animal- Whenever I can, I make a point of discussing [email protected] and climate-friendly ‘food solutions.’ these lab-based food solutions with shoppers Advertising: Methane emissions from the industrial sector between production systems, while promoting and people I meet. Most are pretty skeptical advertise@ New have been vastly underestimated, according to plant-based diets and white meat as the most But this is no coincidence. As highlighted in about lab-grown meat, often commenting that agreenerworld.org research new research from Cornell University and the sustainable dietary options. Yet this study reveals the last issue, powerful vested interests that something “just doesn’t feel right.” Although Environmental Defense Fund. that fertilizer production and use is the root cause The views expressed by reveals lie behind initiatives such as the Eat Forum are many want to see an end to industrial food contributors to Sustainable Published in Elementa, researchers equipped —and the data behind such dietary advice is wrong. driving the global narrative about the need for animal production, they’d choose certified Farming are not necessarily those a Google Street View car with a high-precision “While there is no question that agriculture is of A Greener World. Every effort industrial sustainable ‘alternatives’ to animal protein. They grassfed meat or pasture-raised eggs over these is made to check the factual methane sensor and discovered that total annual still a major contributor to global GHG emissions, call for a global dietary shift from meat, dairy and hi-tech ‘fake food’ alternatives every time. accuracy of statements made in methane methane emissions from ammonia fertilizer plants and many of its climate change-contributing factors the magazine, but no guarantees eggs to highly processed plant-based alternatives are expressed or implied. emissions were 28 gigagrams—over 100 times higher than must come to an immediate end, the need for and hi-tech lab-grown meats. The aim? Profit Despite the media hype and stock market Material may not be reproduced the fertilizer industry’s self-reported estimate of clarity over greenhouse gas emissions of different maximization and the further industrialization predictions, food investors and philanthropists without prior written permission. are 100 0.2 gigagrams per year. In addition, the measured livestock systems is more important than ever,” of global food production. According to Nielsen, who seek a sustainable food future would do A Greener World times emissions alone far exceed the EPA’s estimate for argues Andrew Gunther, AGW’s Executive Director. a leading retail data company, plant-based food well not to dismiss these public sentiments as PO Box 115 all industrial processes in the U.S. of 8 gigagrams “When it comes to livestock production, we sales topped $3.3 billion in 2018, while Barclays a ‘luddite reaction to technology’ or a ‘rejection Terrebonne higher than of methane per year. have long argued that well-managed grazing analysts claim the market for alternative meat of necessary progress,’ but instead recognize OR 97760 reported “We took one small industry that most people animals will not only contribute towards feeding may reach $140 billion by 2030. No wonder all the the latent public concern about the over- have never heard of and found that its methane the world sustainably, but can help mitigate 800-373-8806 usual suspects want a piece of the fake meat pie. industrialization and control of food production. emissions were three times higher than the EPA climate change through carbon sequestration.” Lest we forget the revulsion and outrage over the @CertifiedbyAGW assumed was emitted by all industrial production “All of the environmental footprint studies will But while multinational food corporations and “pink slime” fiasco, the big question is: will the @Certifiedby in the United States,” said Professor John Albertson need recalculating. Once pasture-based ruminant global investors are eager to jump on the fake Brave New World of highly processed genetically AGreener World of Cornell University. “It shows that there’s a huge systems—raised on grass without synthetic meat bandwagon, they might be in for a bumpy modified ‘food solutions’ and lab-grown meat @agreenerworldorg gap between a priori estimates and real-world fertilizer—are accurately assessed, I predict we will ride. Take the new Impossible Burger. Marketed as ultimately prove too hard for many to swallow? measurements.” find that intensively produced chicken and pork Sign up to our email list a safe and environmentally friendly alternative to Many campaigners have repeatedly accused and some plant products are top line polluters. agreenerworld.org meat, the website states “the soy protein used in the cattle industry of being the main culprit for Sustainable diets are hugely complicated, but the Impossible Burger will come from genetically Read our blog at increased global methane emissions and a leading we have to get it right,” Gunther adds. modified soybeans,” while genetically modified agreenerworld.org/blog cause of climate change, without differentiating Originally published on Medium.com

IN THE CHOLESTEROL QUERY ANTIBIOTIC SURVEY DEAD ZONE RECORD FLYING OFF THE SHELF NEWS … New research suggests the effects of red and New USDA survey data reveals that almost 89% Scientists are predicting a near record-breaking Designed to catch the eye of shoppers—and draw white meat on cholesterol are identical. of beef feedlots and 95.5% of large pig operations Gulf of Mexico “dead zone” this year of 7,830 attention to certified retail products on crowded administered antibiotics in feed, water or injection square miles—or the size of Massachusetts— shelves—AGW’s new shelf talkers are printed on A recent study by scientists at Children’s during 2016. following historic flooding in the Midwest. hard-wearing, wipeable aqueous coated premium Hospital Oakland Research Institute examined cardstock. Sold in packs of five, the 4¼" wide x 2¾" the effects of red meat, white meat and plant- In January 2017, new regulations were introduced A dead (or hypoxic) zone is an area in water where high shelf talkers have an easy-peel self-adhesive based proteins on the levels of different types preventing use of medically important antibiotics oxygen concentration is so low that animal life patch to allow temporary attachment to most of cholesterols. They found that both red and for growth promotion and requiring veterinary suffocates and dies. The National Oceanic and surfaces. white meat diets produced the same elevated oversight for the use of medically important Atmospheric Administration is warning that levels of LDL (or ‘bad’) cholesterol, while the antibiotics. The USDA states the new survey extreme flooding in the Midwest has resulted in The shelf talkers are available from AGW’s online plant-based proteins showed significantly results will provide a baseline for how livestock severe nutrient pollution, as fertilizer run-off is merchandise store at $5 plus shipping. Visit lower levels than the meats. producers use antimicrobials going forward. washed into the Mississippi River watershed. agreenerworld.org/shop-agw

2 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 3 IN THE NEWS … GREEN DIRT FARM DIRT GREEN SHAKING CONTAMINATED SUSTAINABLE UP THE MILK FELLOWSHIP Conventional milk The Castanea

MARKET is frequently con- Fellowship has WAVEBREAKMEDIA/ISTOCK taminated with selected Emily antibiotic residues Moose, AGW’s —some exceeding Director of federal limits— CHEESE WINNERS Communications according to and Outreach, as Certified Animal Welfare Approved by AGW new research. one of their 2019 yogurt and cheesemakers took home top awards fellowship cohort. at the 2019 U.S Championship Cheese Contest Published in Public in Madison, WI. The Castanea Health Nutrition, Fellowship program researchers at Certified Grassfed by AGW Pure Éire Dairy, WA, was recently Emory University won Best of Class for their ‘Organic, 100% Grass- established by compared 35 Fed Lemon Whole Milk Yogurt’ in the Yogurt, leading NGOs to conventional Flavored–Cow’s Milk category at the 20th biennial invest in individuals milk samples to competition. Certified Animal Welfare Approved who will help in the 34 organic milk by AGW Green Dirt Farm, MO, took home two CHANGING HABITS creation of a more samples (collected awards: Best of Class for their ‘Fresh Plain’ in the New research shows that consumers are equitable, sustain- in 2015) and found Soft Sheep’s Milk Cheeses category and third increasingly aligning their shopping with their ICONIC Protein is the world’s first beverage bioavailable option,” says Billy Bosch, ICONIC able and healthy antibiotic residues place for ‘Dirt Lover’ in the Surface (Mold) Ripened values and choosing sustainably labeled products. company to offer a complete line of Certified Protein CEO and Founder. “Having the Certified food system. The in 60% of con- Sheep’s Milk Cheeses category. Animal Welfare Approved by AGW drinks and Animal Welfare Approved by AGW logo to back 12 Fellows were Researchers at the NYU Stern Center for ventional samples protein powders. up our product is deeply important to me and The U.S. Championship Cheese Contest is the selected from over Sustainable Business examined consumers’ and none in organic. our team.” nation’s largest technical cheese, butter and yogurt 400 applications, stated—and actual—purchasing habits for every- Available in a variety of nature-inspired flavors, In one conventional competition. Winners were selected by a team of and will spend two day consumer packaged goods and found that ICONIC powders and drinks are sold through “Sourcing ingredients from AGW Europe- sample, amoxicillin skilled technical judges from a record-setting years exploring 50% of sales growth between 2013 and 2018 leading U.S. retail stores, including Whole Foods, certified dairy farmers demonstrates ICONIC’s levels exceeded 2,555 entries from 35 states. connections to came from sustainably marketed products. Target, Safeway/Albertsons, Vons, CVS, Sprouts, commitment to quality ingredients that have a federal limits; transform food H.E.B, Central Market, Wegmans, Jewel Osco concrete, positive effect on rural communities, while 37% and 26% “We’re honored to showcase our Certified Products with a sustainability claim on-pack into a source of and the Vitamin Shoppe, among others. animals and the planet we share,” says Emily tested positive for Grassfed by AGW dairy products on a national accounted for 16.6% of the market in 2018, up from Moose, AGW’s Director of Communications health, equity “I’ve always insisted on protein sources with the sulfamethazine and stage,” says Jill Smith, Co-owner of Pure Éire 14.3% in 2013. Most important, products marketed and Outreach. “We are thrilled to be partners and well-being. highest animal welfare standards, the lowest sulfathiazole—both Dairy. “We were up against large, national brands, as sustainable grew 5.6 times faster than those that in building sustainable supply chains.” environmental impact and rigorous testing banned in lactating which was rather intimidating, but we have always Visit castanea were not. Sustainability-marketed products grew to ensure the cleanest, most nutrient-dense Visit drinkiconic.com dairy cows. been confident about how we raise our cattle and fellowship.org faster than their conventional counterparts in the quality of grassfed milk they produce.” more than 90% of categories.

AGW FARMS ON THE BIG SCREEN NEW AGW WEBINAR SERVICE Givers and Takers, a short film featuring AGW- The film shows how Pompey’s Rest, under the AGW can now offer free online webinar The webinars will cover topics such as how to certified farm Pompey’s Rest in Ware Shoals, SC, management of Don Jackson and his son, Patrick, presentations to schools, colleges, community make sense of confusing food labels on meat, was shown as part of the Wild and Scenic Film successfully transitioned from conventional to groups, businesses and farming organizations. dairy and eggs; ways to support high-welfare, Festival in Greenville, SC, earlier this spring. high-welfare, rotational grazing practices. sustainable livestock producers; and how to “AGW already leads numerous talks and encourage changes in consumer purchasing habits. Sponsored by Fujifilm and Upstate Forever, a Directed by Peter Byck, a filmmaker who teaches workshops across the country,” says Katie Farmers and ranchers can also learn about the nonprofit group that works to balance growth with at Arizona State University, the film is one of a Amos, AGW’s Lead Farmer and Market Outreach benefits of the most respected third-party farm the protection of natural resources, the Wild and series highlighting rotational grazing and other Coordinator. “By offering our talks and meetings certifications in North America. Scenic Film Festival brought together a variety of techniques that regenerate the soil. Another film via a webinar format, we can connect with even engaging films related to conservation and the by Byck, A Fence and an Owner, featured Nancy more classrooms, workplaces, community groups For more information, contact your Farmer and environment. Ranney of AGW-certified Ranney Ranch, NM. and farming organizations across North America.” Market Outreach Coordinator (see page 20).

4 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 5 Opinion

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VOLUME 2 | ISSUE 2 | M U T T O N Generati on SUMMER 2017 | $5 A chAlleNge farm and ranch Or OppOrTUNiTy? apprenticeships pig bree A CHANGE OF HEART Do you knowD ingwhat you’re buying? For the last six decades or more, government mainly plants and seafood. Another important plUS Government cli dietary advice in the U.S. and across much of study shows how little was understood back then. NicAl MASTiTi FArM he S pLUs AlTh ONliNe ne WRONG TARGET NON-ge lAbel W Grassfed dairy L WHY A BROAD MEAT TAX MISSES THE POINT dietary the world has been to eat a diet rich in vegetable The Framingham study, which started in 1948 and food safety at the marketabeL pLuS Lice and mite contro new awa Logo L beef: the bigger picture PLUS protein and fats, avoiding beef and other sources still continues, identified the major risk factors for Lamene NEW AGW MERCHANDISE guidelines SS in Sheep SAFETY ON THE FARM of animal proteins and fats. development of coronary atherosclerosis: diabetes SLAUGHTER PLANTS NEEDED Like what you read? on saturated Yet recent studies suggest this advice may mellitus, hypertension, high cholesterol, cigarette fat are be wrong and may have led to the explosion of smoking, male sex, advancing age and family Do you value our work to support market obesity and obesity-related disorders since the history of premature heart disease. Despite disputed, late 1970s after vigorous public health efforts to protests from other scientists at the time, this transparency and pasture-based farming? convince people to abandon meat and substitute concept became accepted as truth and went on says plant sources of protein. to form the basis of official dietary recommend- Lawrence Up until World War II, heart disease was ations that have persisted for decades. Here’s how to help us help you—and others considered an inevitable consequence of aging. However, a number of recent studies on dietary E. Widman After the war and into the 1950s, however, the fat intake and health consequences raise serious AGW is an independent and nonprofit organization. Because we are not dependent on certification fees, we can remain death rate from coronary atherosclerosis (block- questions about the hypothesis that animal- completely impartial in our auditing, resulting in unrivaled integrity and trust. But we DO rely on supporter donations. ages in the arteries to the heart) became so high derived saturated fatty acids increase the risk Please consider supporting us with a one-time or regular donation and membership, or promoting the AGW membership that it resulted in a public health crisis. As a result, of coronary artery disease. For example, several program with your friends, family and customers. Join now for as little as $3/month! numerous scientific studies were established to studies have shown that the inclusion of lean identify the causes and risk factors. beef in diets had similar positive outcomes in visit agreenerworld.org and select ‘get involved’—/—or donate at agreenerworld.org/donate Although the theory and practice of dietary total cholesterol, LDL and HDL cholesterol and control of cholesterol at that time was poorly triglycerides as consuming poultry or fish. An understood, a number of influential scientists important and comprehensive study, published soon believed they had established that eating in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition in animal protein was associated with more heart 2018, showed that total cholesterol and LDL attacks than eating plant protein. One particular (the ‘bad’ cholesterol) actually improved when study at the time played a central role. The Seven the amount of unprocessed beef or pork was Countries diet study is the origin of the so-called more than doubled compared to the standard “Mediterranean diet” that came to be associated plant-, fish- and poultry-based Mediterranean with lower risk of coronary atherosclerosis. In brief, Pattern diet. the principal inference from the Seven Countries The developing argument that saturated fat study was that heart disease was preventable and, in particular, ruminant animal fat, may not with lifestyle—and not an inevitable consequence be associated with coronary artery disease is Lawrence E. Widman, of aging, as had been assumed; and that dietary controversial, if not revolutionary, particularly MD PhD, raises grass- intake of saturated given the primary importance and influence fed beef cattle at fat should be of previous studies on global dietary advice Leafy Creek Farm, reduced and over the last 60 years. But while more clinical LLC, Texas. For full replaced studies (rather than metanalyses) are clearly references (and with necessary before the “saturated fat” paradigm more detail) visit can be considered obsolete, one thing is leafycreekfarm.com/ certain: the dietary advice that “beef heart-healthy-beef is bad for you” is no longer an

incontrovertible truth. RAZMARINKA/ISTOCK

6 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 Abraham Lincoln once famously said that “Every So what do social order herds look like? Nature’s blade of grass is a study, and to produce two, buffalo or cattle herds would consist of matriarchal where there once was but one, is both a profit core families of 60–70 animals (25–35 on arid lands) and a pleasure.” with great-great grandmothers down to dependent And so it is at Tall Grass Bison. We manage offspring. Spin-off satellite herds start with 20–25 our bison in socially structured extended family animals. Bull groups consist of teenage (3–5 year groups, which are so important to bison health old) animals, active breeder age (6–8 year old) of Bob and Sue and wellbeing. Our farm is a study in progress: we up to 15–20 animals and, finally, mentor grand- Jackson at Tall never stress the herd by breaking up families, or fathers in smaller groups of 3–5 in number. So Grass Bison, Iowa ship them to a sale barn or packing plant. We never nature’s herds consist of maybe two-thirds treat the animals with hormones or antibiotics or matriarchal and one third males—like ours. feed grain. We believe this approach—the harmony Around 300 animals seems to be the magical of nature’s animals and land—is not seen anywhere number for interactive recognition and association. outside of Yellowstone National Park. It is the same for elephants, primates and elk. Beyond this number, the herd will split into Natural order territories, each protecting their turf from other Starting with three bison calves in 1976, we herds. Although recognition and support continues now maintain four to five extended families on between distantly related groups, the relationship converted crop ground and native oak savanna becomes more about common cause, trust and prairie. By managing herds for social order, we can familiarity rather than emotional attachment. obtain the unparalleled efficiency of nature and highest ethical animal care standards, all while The advantages? maintaining a high level of ecological sustainability. In modern husbandry a dry cow is considered And we believe it is possible to apply the principles a burden to the rancher’s bottom line and is of extended families and social order management slaughtered after pregnancy checking. In social NATURE’S to any domesticated grazing herd or flock animal. structured herds, however, a dry cow becomes Our beginnings at Tall Grass Bison started with the babysitter for other calves so the mother can growing up on a diversified Iowa farm, fortified forage better. She gathers up all the stragglers with fish and wildlife biology degrees from Iowa when the main herd goes to pastures across the EFFICIENCY State and Cornell University. College drilled into road. There is no panic when mothers see their us that nature is most efficient. Yet modern calves are not with the herd. They can watch over Bison herds can be managed in accordance with agricultural practices said this wasn’t so. Where older dependents while the babysitter (who may natural family order, a truly unique approach that can was the compatibility? be the grandma) does a quick survey to see who It took a career as a seasonal back country is missing, walks back, and returns later with the be applied to all herding animals, says Bob Jackson ranger in Yellowstone, for my part, to find missing youngsters. solutions. For 30 years, I patrolled 1,200 square As for the males, we used to park our John miles on horse, sometimes staying in for five Deere 3020 in front of the field gates when it was months a year. While searching for poachers, this moving time to keep the crunch of the herd from gave me the best possible opportunity to study breaking through. After 10-12 years, the older bulls wild bison and elk. It didn’t take long to see that have assumed herd discipline. Now, one or two these herds had a complex social infrastructure walk to the front, turn sideways, and the rest of the (families) only recognized before with elephants. herd stays back. Even after the gates are opened there is no movement until those bulls turn parallel Observing nature to the lane. Then everyone rushes past them to get Combining these observations with an interest to new grass on the other side of the road. These in indigenous people, I soon realized that the non-breeding bulls and old cows are therefore organization of hunter-gatherer communities and worth a lot in terms of overall herd performance. herd animals and flocks were the same; and how to manage and harvest herding animals became Grazing a lot easier to understand. Susan and I are part of Utah State University’s At Tall Grass Bison, we see our animals as Behavioral Education for Human, Animal, owning the corporation, not us. It is the extended Vegetation & Ecosystem Management (BEHAVE) family that produces the product in the form initiative. Members discuss such topics as “eating of spin-off “satellite families,” which we then the best and leaving the rest,” riparian overgrazing harvest as an entire unit. Our job is to make sure problems and fencing needs for rotational grazing. we don’t screw up and make the core families But with social order herds the solutions usually dysfunctional. As a result, our bison do not have happen naturally. the chronic stress and anxiety associated with Because grazing families stay close together,

MIKE SUAREZ MIKE intensively managed herd animals. we end up with multiple families practicing

8 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 9 BOB JACKSON/TALL GRASS BISON ( BISON GRASS JACKSON/TALL BOB producers. Finally, only in extended families does one have a situation where every animal in this Example of an extended bison family in a single territory 300 animals maximum DIAGRAM) family can pass on genes without necessarily 2 and having offspring. I suspect farmers and ranchers x reading this article can figure this one out better Bulls Satellite than most of the animal scientists presented with Bull 3–20 group x

3) this concept!

The final product Bulls 1–3 We field slaughter all members of a family, leaving BOB JACKSON/TALL GRASS BISON ( other families structurally intact. This means harvesting every animal in a matriarchal family— from calves to 25-year-old bulls and cows—and Power group can include up to 150 individuals per harvest. The Extended family male components are also harvested as entire bull Plains 50–70 Satellite groups. And there are always individuals to harvest Satellite group SW 15–25 group who are shunned by their families. If this seems Plains 30–50 embryonic Prairie birds like the brown-headed cowbird hang counterproductive, think about having three towns: SW 10–12 from the wool and clear pest insects and larvae is it better to disrupt the infrastructure of all three family 10–25 or to eliminate one and leave the other two to management intensive grazing (MIG) without absorb the resources of the third? fences at different locations in the same pasture. In the last year we sold $160,000 worth of Bulls With families there are two types of grazing: en half quarters, quarters and hanging halves to Satellite Bulls 3–5 group masse movement and static. private customers across the U.S. We match the Bull 3–20 With en masse grazing, yearlings and two- meat from every age of animal with the ages and year-old dependents lead the herd, staying just activity levels of our customers, on the basis that in front of their older relatives. They eat the most softer muscle of very young and elderly animals SW = Southwest groups in harsher environments/more interaction with other groups succulent forage (eliminating conventional creep is easier to digest for preschoolers and seniors. feeding) and keep the entire herd moving forward Active-aged humans need the superior nutrition Gregarious herds and flocks, such as bison, elk for more uniform grazing across the landscape. offered by the meat of mature animals (remember The and geese, are actually made up of multiple core Add in nature’s usual male component within the that an animal cannot concentrate nutrients until importance and extended family units. herd and you now have a group that utilizes coarse growth stops). Finally, it is a myth to assume that In bison, the most visible and pertinent family vegetation, resulting in new growth for females and the meat from mature animals is tougher. Without of family grouping applicable to private producers is the dependents without the cost of brushing pastures. the chronic stress associated with dysfunctional, extended family – or grazing grouping. It consists During times of static grazing the young learn weaned animals, muscles don’t get tight and acids of related lead cows and as many of their adult what to eat from their elders. With most native don’t build up. female offspring (and their juvenile offspring) forbs (and weeds) that means not eating from the as they can control, teach and care for. The more top down, but rather selecting out high nutrition Animal welfare fertile the ground, the stronger and larger this parts of the plant at appropriate times of the year. It is impossible to raise herd animals in families family can be. In the 50,000 or so miles I have perfect combination for the survival of the best Without this training, herbivores are relegated to without acknowledging that we are their brother’s ridden horseback in the mountains of Yellowstone, characteristics and the reason all ungulates got a nutrient-deficient “grassivore” existence. keepers. One learns, therefore, to be sensitive the largest family unit seen was around 60 bison. to where they are today. Human manipulation not only to each individual, but also to the whole When the herd gets bigger than 60 or so, satellite of animal breeding doesn’t come close and is Herd development family. This includes putting hay out in the winter herds spin off. They are still dependent but keep not sustainable. Everything, everything depends It takes 12-15 years to establish a basic, functional in different locations for each family. And you varying distances apart from the core group. on this basic structure. social order herd in cattle or buffalo (less time with soon learn that you cannot shoot or field slaughter Once numbers of all related groups get to 300 If we can only understand how bison choose pigs, goats and sheep). This may seem like a long individual animals in a herd and still expect to get Diatomaceous (bull groups included) or so territories are formed to live, and maintain respect for them, then time but it is no different than the time required fresh, clean tasting, tender meat from the rest! earth dust baths and competition between herds from different there will be no abuse. It will be good for the for a purebred beef producer to establish his or There are many other topics that we don’t have eliminate the need territories commences. bison and good for the industry as well. her own line or distinctive herd identity. space here to cover, such as the importance of for insecticides I say pertinent family grouping because most In social order herds, the cows of each families in predator defense, the cascade effect basic life needs depend on this unit. Without functional family pick the males to mate with. on other species, and the fact that, in terms this grouping, bison could not exist as a species Thus, grandma, mother and daughter can have of ecological sustainability, nothing in modern in the wild. It is responsible for dispersal grazing, offspring from the same male without inbreeding. management even comes close. I look forward dissipation of inappropriate behavior, social The younger, unrelated bull who always follows to sharing our experiences in the future. order and even prevention of inbreeding. With this older male mentor around will breed with the bulls breeding from 6–8 years of age, and all younger females after the old guy is exhausted Bob, Susan and Scott Jackson of Tall Grass breeding age individuals (three years of age and from mating with the older cows. With separate Bison manage more than 400 grassfed bison older) of matriarchal groups being related, one family identity, herds with multiple families can on 1,000 acres near Promise City, Iowa. gets line breeding without inbreeding. It is the therefore offer a closed, disease-free option for Visit tallgrassbison.com

10 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 11 75% of the worms. With moderate exposure, ESSENTIAL many animals develop adequate immunity as ADVICE they mature. Those that do not could be under- Treat individual exposed, or deficient in immune function. animals as needed Varied sources of trace nutrients, such as to ensure welfare biodiverse pastures and cafeteria-style minerals, and maintain can help animals fulfill individual needs. Excellent economic viability. nutrition, low-stress environment and handling— and a good night’s sleep—all contribute to optimal Manage pastures immune function. to maximize natural Excessive licking or rubbing, rough haircoat, controls for the poor appetite and weight loss can signal external specific parasites parasites. Fly rubs, traps and vacuums have all present. been found to curtail fly populations when com- Tailor fecal bined with other good management practices. An sampling to inform untreated back scratcher—a stiff brush attached to management a pole—can significantly reduce lice. decisions: pooled Signs of internal parasites include poor haircoat, fecals reflect worm diarrhea, pale mucous membranes, reduced feed loads on pasture, intake, weight loss, weakness and bottle jaw or pot while individual belly. In many studies, bioactive plants, such as tests identify silent sericea lespedeza, birdsfoot trefoil, chicory and carriers. other tannic forages, were found to reduce fecal A PESKY PROBLEM egg counts and clinical disease associated with Record regular gastrointestinal parasites in a variety of livestock Fly rubs, traps and vacuums have all been found to help reduce fly populations, combined with good management practices observations, species. including FAMACHA for small ruminants, Treatments Through consistent observation, you always noticed closed herd or screening new arrivals can help Dung beetles break up manure piles, helping to to identify signs of The table (overleaf) describes several non- Jennifer which herd members were more susceptible to keep your pastures clean. damage or desiccate roundworm eggs infestation. pharmaceutical substances commonly used to internal and external parasites. Fecal sampling Snails and slugs act as intermediate hosts for L. Burton treat external and internal parasites. While some helped you identify a few silent carriers: heavily some parasites; wet conditions favor these moll- Choose disease- may be used alone, many are combined in spray- looks at the infested animals spreading parasites on your usks, but vegetation or gravel can act as a barrier free animals on, pour-on or oral formulations. pastures even though they showed no visible signs to help exclude them. Environment also plays a with low parasite perennial If parasites threaten animal welfare or farm of disease. Over time you selected only disease- role in risks related to external parasites. For ex- burdens as viability, prompt, effective treatment is essential problem free, low-burden stock for breeding. Today, your ample, woodland grazing increases exposure to breeders. —and required under AGW’s standards. Treat- animals graze diverse pastures replete with a ticks. If local wildlife are known to carry a specific of parasites Obtain treatments ment may include pharmaceutical parasiticides. variety of bioactive forages. Dung beetles thrive, worm, deterrents such as guardian animals or from reputable Ivermectin has become the best-selling anti- dispersing manure piles and destroying many double fencelines can reduce their contact with sources. Try to parasitic; however, studies show that it is also eggs, while predatory insects devour any fly larvae your herd. work with someone toxic to dung beetle larvae and other beneficial that manage to hatch. Of course, parasites are Dung beetles, earthworms, parasitic wasps and who has used a organisms. Milbemycin is sometimes recom- still present on your farm, but you understand their poultry are some of the most effective and econ- particular product mended as a less toxic alternative, although particular life cycles, move animals before they can omical tools to inhibit parasites on range areas. successfully. research also demonstrates negative effects re-infect themselves, and rest pastures or graze Dung beetles break up manure piles, damaging on dung beetles and parasitic wasps. non-susceptible species such that the majority or desiccating eggs. Along with earthworms, they Ask your vet to screen for of parasites die before they ever find a victim. move manure into the soil and prevent many The bigger picture If the above describes your farming operation, hatched larvae from returning to the surface. One interactions and Effective management of parasites is essential congratulations! The chances are you have little need interesting study assessed the impact of dung residue risks, for animal wellbeing and productivity. Ecological for this article … But if seasonal ponds recently beetles when calves followed infested adults. establish dosage, parasite management focuses on stewarding a emerged in your well-drained grassland … if that Without any other intervention, calves in pastures monitor for toxic functional agroecosystem where robust immune doe with perpetually high fecal egg counts happens with reduced dung beetle populations had nine effects, and protection is facilitated by moderate exposure. to be your best milker … if recent fires, floods or times as many roundworms as those in pastures determine triggers Sustainable adaptation is slow process, but every lease modifications caused you to group more with more dung beetles. That’s a huge difference! for switching step toward more ecological parasite management animals in a smaller area … then you might benefit If you’re among the large percentage of U.S. treatments. is a step toward a more resilient, more economical from additional strategies to manage parasites. farmers who have recently considered building and less labor-intensive farm. an ark, note that heavy rainfall can temporarily Applied Terrain Theory: Pasture override dung beetle benefits. Exposure to parasites occurs for a variety of Jennifer L. Burton dvm is a veterinarian and reasons. Most internal parasites arrive on your farm Applied Terrain Theory: Livestock educator with a special interest in the intersection Parasitic wasps lay their eggs inside pest fly via infected livestock or wildlife, so maintaining a Research shows that 25% of the flock carries of food animal medicine and public health larvae in the manure

12 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 13 Substance Notes Toxicity Parasite treatments NAME THAT BUG Note: always discuss any proposed changes in treatments with your Lemongrass May contribute to effectiveness in a repellant Low mixture. Shown to kill some roundworms and veterinarian, particularly about possible toxicity and residues suppress some protozoan parasites.

Mineral oil Used topically to kill mites by interfering with None Substance Notes Toxicity their respiration.

Apple cider Antioxidant, rich in vitamins and minerals: None Neem Deterrent and repellant to a number of insect Low vinegar (ACV) supports immune function. No evidence for direct Red poultry mite (Azadirachta indica) pests. Fatally disrupts molting process in some. anti-parasitic action. When researchers added ACV A vector of several May hinder insect reproduction or kill some larvae. to the diet of farmed shrimp, immune-related major pathogenic Effects vary widely for different insect species. gene activity increased. diseases in poultry Limited environmental persistence. Limited research suggests oral dosing of neem Black walnut Can cause oxidative stress in some intestinal Moderate. Possible mutagen: avoid use in could treat flukes as well as some roundworms. worms. Little evidence to support effectiveness pregnant or lactating animals. When fed to cattle, neem extract prevented horn against parasites. fly development in manure. Stable fly control was Cedar oil May facilitate effectiveness of topical insect Low less impressive, but some control was nonetheless repellents. achieved.

Citronella oil Effective topical insect repellent. Significant Low Oregano oil Used in many species to treat a variety of Low Barber’s Pole Worm residual effect up to 15 days in one study. bacterial and parasitic diseases, including coccidia, This nematode can some intestinal parasites. Good evidence for Clove oil Somewhat effective as a fly repellant. Better when Low devastate flocks antimicrobial activity and growth promotion in combined with other effective oils. without warning pigs, poultry and ruminants, but sparse evidence for action against internal parasites. Copper oxide Particles settle in abomasal (stomach) folds, Moderate. Do not use in sheep at risk for copper wire particles releasing copper ions lethal to worms. Good toxicity. Pennyroyal oil Essential oil is generally considered unsafe for any High (small ruminants only) control of barber pole and other stomach worms. use, as ingestion of small doses can be fatal. Poor efficacy against intestinal worms. Peppermint Often used in repellant mixtures and orally for Low Diatomaceous Applied externally or in structures, lethally Low. Avoid inhalation and avoid use near eyes. (Mentha piperita) internal parasites. Limited research suggests earth (DE) dehydrates many insects including lice and soft- significant action against a variety of external Nematodirus battus bodied mites. Evidence lacking for efficacy of parasites. The most common internal use. internal parasite Pumpkin seed Effectiveness demonstrated against a variety of Low Eucalyptus External fly and mosquito repellent, effective up Low when used externally. affecting sheep roundworms (nematodes) including in calves, pigs to 6 hours or more in one pastured cattle study. and chicks. In some studies, pumpkin seeds were Some formulations may kill stable flies, horn flies. as effective as fenbendazole in killing Ascaridia May help control ticks. galli (a type of roundworm) in experimentally Many formulations briefly effective, but only infested chicks. Other research showed that processed oil of lemon eucalyptus contains pumpkin seeds damaged some flukes and a significant quantities of the longer-lasting “PMD”. variety of other roundworm species including barber pole worms. Garlic extract Oral administration has been shown to inhibit Moderate: can cause hemolysis if overdosed. Chorioptes bovis protozoan parasites and some roundworms Symptoms include Tea tree oil An effective topical antiseptic, tea tree oil has Low of poultry, pigs and donkeys. Internal use may rubbing, scratching been shown to kill or repel a number of different contribute to fly control. and hide damage insect pests. Effects depend on concentration, Garlic tincture may be added to topical mineral and may last longer than some of the other oil to control mange mites. repellents listed here. Geranium When applied externally to pastured cattle, low- Low Tobacco extract A potent neurotoxin, but less effective than other Moderate (Pelargonium) oil concentration geraniol in oil deterred horn flies for insecticides listed here. at least 3 hours, while higher concentrations lasted up to 4 days. Wormwood An effective neurotoxic anthelmintic with a narrow High. Avoid use in (Artemisia absinthium) safety margin. pregnant animals. Goldenseal Frequently used in treatment of common GI Low. Overharvest has caused sharp decline of wild Parasitic eggs Observe dosing parasites. However, research has focused on populations. Use cultivated plants, or consider Lab tests can help instructions and use in protozoal disease. Studies have shown barberry or Oregon grape instead. identify the specific monitor for signs that goldenseal kills amoebae, and can be used worm species of toxicity. successfully to treat giardia infections.

14 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 15 A high-impact A good product label is essential for any success- Farmers and ranchers in Canada will find labeling ful marketing strategy. Yet many farmers who sell requirements at inspection.gc.ca label that sets directly to the public make the mistake of assuming your products a unique, stylized label is somehow irrelevant—or Don’t sell yourself short that it’s all too expensive, time consuming and If you raise hens outdoors on pasture in small apart is more bureaucratic. flocks and you feed a custom-blended feed with important Yet every farmer who sells directly to the public no animal byproducts, please don’t just label your is still very much part of a bigger and ever-changing carton “cage free eggs”! than ever, labeling landscape. Remember: shoppers who visit FREE LABELING While this claim may evoke images of hens says Katie farmers’ markets or farm stores will inevitably also SERVICE running around outside, most “cage free” eggs visit the bigger grocery stores or see mainstream come from de-beaked hens raised indoors in Amos advertising. As public interest in sustainable Did you know industrial units—the complete opposite of your products grows, other food businesses—both we offer a free pasture-based system. Remember, too, that your HAWAI’I LOWLINE CATTLE CO. large and small—will seek to launch ‘sustainable’ labeling service potential customers probably see cartons of “cage GRASSFED BEEF products to capitalize on this new and rapidly to all farmers and free” eggs at their nearest grocer at a much lower AGW helped Hawai’i Lowline Cattle Co. design expanding market. ranchers in AGW’s price. So from their perspective, why should they a farm-specific supplemental label for their Don’t rest on your laurels: make sure your programs? Our pay more for your “cage free” eggs? beef cuts and ground beef and attain USDA packaging is doing the best job it can to attract, trained Labeling Similarly, when it comes to meat, the widely approval. inform and retain potential customers. AGW is Coordinators can used “natural” claim only means the product was The supplemental label is compatible with here to help you achieve these goals. not only help you minimally processed and contains no artificial design a high- the slaughter plant’s standard label, which ingredients. Legally, it explains absolutely nothing includes all legally required information, such quality food label about how animals are raised. So feedlot beef can Learn the rules for your AGW- as the product name, net weight and sell- In order to market effectively it is important to just as easily be labeled “natural” as high-welfare, by date. The slaughter plant can keep rolls certified meat, grassfed beef. understand the labeling process. For starters, dairy and egg of the custom labels on hand for when designing a new label for your products will likely If your farming practices are well above the they pack Hawaii Lowline Cattle Co.’s beef products, but take baseline claims, please make sure you get credit. involve multiple parties: your processor, designer, you through the products. Note the appealing logo, text and printer, and the appropriate state or federal/ Make the most of the label claims and terms that prominent certification logos. Adding colors official approval truly define your farming system. Highlighting that government agency that oversees food labeling. process required usually means extra cost, but the per-label Before you start, it is essential to understand your products are certified by a credible third-party cost of a colorful label is minimal compared for all food labels. certification like AGW is a great place to start. and familiarize yourself with what claims you This service, which to the marketing benefits. Hawaii Lowline can—and cannot—make about your products. would cost many Cattle Co. is putting their most important For instance, USDA will not approve the hundreds—if not Market yourself and marketable attributes front and center: use of “hormone free” on any label because thousands—of As well as your high-welfare, sustainable AGW Certified Animal Welfare Approved by AGW all animals have hormones. You can, however, dollars is available certification, what else makes your farm special? and Certified Grassfed by AGW. say your animals are raised with “no hormones free of charge, and Start by looking at other labels in your sector and “The AGW staff were so helpful in creating administered,” although pork or poultry products is just one of the think about what could set yours apart. a customized label for our products. The design require an additional statement explaining that it many benefits Do you raise a particular breed known for its process went smoothly and their assistance is illegal to administer hormones to these species. of certifying with flavor attributes? Do you feed grain grown on through all the steps to submit the label for By law, all meat sold to the public must be AGW. your own farm? Has your farm been in the family approval was very appreciated,” says Rick labeled with the following information: for multiple generations? Have you earned any Sakata of Hawaii Lowline Cattle Co. “Our For more awards, certifications or distinctions? These could new label is helping us stand out on the store  The contents of the package (name of the information, all spark interest in potential customers. shelves where other brands make grassfed product, such as “lamb chops,” “ground beef” visit our food Remember: some claims need evidence before claims without being certified.” or “pork sausage”). labeling page at they can be used. For instance, the USDA will want hawaiilowlinecattlecompany.com  Other ingredients, if any, such as spices in agreenerworld.org/ to see documentation supporting any breed claim. sausage. These must be listed in descending farmer-services/ Similarly, you will need to provide proof of current quantity order—for example, “ground pork, labeling-support AGW certification before you can use the logos. salt, red pepper, sage and black pepper.” To start the  Safe handling instructions, including, if labeling design Get in touch appropriate, “Keep refrigerated or frozen.” process, simply A professional food label is an important  Inspection mark with processing plant number. contact AGW at investment in your business, helping you  The net weight of the package. 800-373-8806 to stand out from the crowd. With our help,  The name and address of the processing plant or info@ producing a professionally designed and legally or, if the name and address are other than the agreenerworld.org approved food label needn’t be costly or time- processing plant (such as the name and address and we’ll connect consuming. So what are you waiting for?! of a farm), it must be qualified by a statement you with your identifying the person or firm associated with regional Labeling the product (e.g., “Packed for ______” Coordinator. Katie Amos is Lead Farmer and Market Outreach

o r “ D i s t r i b u t e d b y ______” ). Coordinator with A Greener World HAWAII LOWLINE CATTLE CO.

16 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 17 GREEN DIETS Certification news What is a sustainable feeding strategy for cattle? HERE FOR YOU

Like any aspect of sustainable management or aim to minimize greenhouse gas emissions, do not production, a sustainable feeding strategy for pollute the environment and contribute positively FEEDIPEDIA ruminants such as cattle comprises a number to the conservation of biodiversity. Ruminants Feedipedia is of core principles. have the ability to convert forages and other feeds an open access First, a sustainable diet must meet the that cannot be eaten directly by humans into meat information animals’ nutritional requirements at all stages and milk that humans can eat. Any sustainable system on animal of their development. It should ensure optimum livestock system must aim to maximize the use feed resources In the last issue, Tim Holmes did a great job of sets your products apart, and guide you through animal health and high-quality production, rather of forages and minimize the use of human edible that provides Take summarizing the technical support available to any applicable approval process. (For details, than solely maximizing production or growth rate. feedstuffs, such as grains and soy. Ideally, forage information on all AGW farmers and ranchers. As Director of see pages 16–17.) Second, a sustainable feeding regime should should come from home-grown sources integrated advantage nature, occurrence, Communications and Outreach, I’d like to take use feeds to formulate diets that meet the proper into the rest of the farm cropping system. chemical of our this opportunity to highlight the other program Marketing materials physiological functioning of the animal at any composition, services available to you, as well as the activities Standing out from the crowd is more important given stage of its life. For example, the diet of Mineral deficiencies marketing nutritional value we undertake to raise consumer awareness about than ever. That’s why we offer low-cost branded young animals should be based on natural milk, In most well-managed grazing situations, a largely and safe use support, the benefits of your AGW-certified products. egg cartons and other exciting merchandise to preferably maternal milk, ideally with all calves forage-based diet should be sufficient to meet of nearly 1,400 The AGW program offers something unique: attract customers. From shelf-talkers and stickers, receiving natural milk for at least three months. the nutritional requirements of most ruminants. says Emily worldwide livestock a world-renowned certification and full suite of baseball caps and aprons, to metal farm gate signs For older animals, diets should contain a high Sustainably managed, home-produced feeds feeds. Visit Moose marketing support services that would otherwise and farmers’ market vinyl banners, AGW’s market- proportion of forage from dry matter and at least usually involve practices, such as more sympathetic feedipedia.org cost hundreds—if not thousands—of dollars a year. ing materials will help your products do the talking. 70% of the daily dry matter should consist of management of the soil, better biological activity, roughage, fresh or dried fodder, or silage. While more balanced crop rotations, less production A regional outreach team Marketing advice feeding purchased concentrates to cattle can pressure on livestock enterprises, more diverse Our Farmer and Market Outreach Coordinators Setting up a website or Facebook page? Our increase productivity, research shows that the swards (with traditional species of grasses and (FMOCs) are dedicated to supporting certified team is happy to share resources to help you sustainability of the system is markedly reduced deep-rooting herbs and forbs), and a reduction or Article adapted farmers and ranchers, with staff working across make the most of social media. We can also and health risks are increased. All animals should prohibition of artificial fertilizer use, which may all from Farm Health the U.S. and Canada to help develop the market offer information on creating a successful online have free access to fresh, clean water at all times. help reduce the risk of micro-nutrient deficiencies Online. For more and raise public awareness. You can contact your presence, as well more traditional marketing A sustainable diet should also meet the animals’ seen in more intensive production systems. information about regional FMOC at any time to ask for help. methods. Our Taking Pictures of Your Farm behavioral needs by not only offering natural Nevertheless, it is likely that inherent regional practical, science- brochure will show you how to take beautiful feeds, but using animal-friendly feeding techniques and local soil and forage mineral deficiencies may based advice on Media support marketing photos of your animals and landscape. and providing appropriate feeding environments. be enhanced on farms that are attempting to raise high-welfare Our FMOCs contact every farm or ranch that joins This should include continuous access to grazing animals entirely on home-grown feeds. Working livestock the AGW program to introduce themselves. One Events and conferences and sufficient and accessible indoor feeding space with your vet or qualified advisor, you should take management, visit of the first things we’ll do with you is write a farm Throughout the year we attend trade shows when animals are housed. soil, forage or blood tests to identify any likely farmhealthonline. profile and press release to target local and news and conferences to spread the word about Finally, all feeds should come from a sustainable mineral deficiencies and outline your strategies com outlets and raise awareness about your business. the benefits of AGW-certified products—and source; in other words, feed production methods for dealing with them in your Farm Health Plan. SUAREZ MIKE encourage certification. But we can also attend Market development local/regional events and workshops to help We work hard to develop and maintain promote your business. Get in touch to discuss relationships with retailers, restaurants and opportunities to collaborate. farmers’ markets in your regions to help expand the market for AGW products. If you’re thinking Stay in touch! of approaching a local restaurant or store, get in Received an award? Launching a new product? touch to find out how we can support you—either Hosting a farm event? Let us know and we can directly or indirectly. We’ll also add your business help multiply the impact by sharing your news (and individual products) to our popular online with thousands of our followers through our searchable directory and website, visited by e-newsletter and magazine or on social media. thousands of people every month. We can’t help promote you if we don’t know about it. Labeling design Emily Moose is Director Farmers and ranchers in the AGW program Please take advantage of all that we offer. If you’d of Communications can take advantage of our free labeling support like to know more, just reach out to your regional and Outreach with service. Our labeling team will help you design FMOC. You’ll find their details on page 20. We are A Greener World a high-quality, professional product label that here to help.

SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 19 A GREENER WORLD

From advice Your regional point of contact Promoting A Greener World on applying, From Alaska to Wyoming, Alberta to Saskatchewan, our outreach team offers a one-stop shop for farmers, ranchers and food businesses! label design AGW is proud to offer low-cost branded and technical promotional materials support, to help raise awareness we’re here of your certification and Katie Amos better communicate to help ... 717-412-1701 the wider benefits of Katie@ your farming practices. agreenerworld.org Every purchase also supports our work to educate and inform NEW SHELF TALKER JUTE TOTE BAG $12 BASEBALL CAP $20 METAL SIGN $12 consumers—and helps $5 • Made from • Low-style cotton twill • Ideal for the farm gate keep your certifications • Sold in packs of five environmentally with Velcro strap or barn wall affordable. • Printed on premium responsible jute • Khaki crown/strap • Full-color 10" x 15" For more promotional silk stock with • 14½" x 14¾" x 5½" and navy visor/button aluminum materials—and to wipeable coating • Available in green • Made in the USA • Corner holes for place an order (with • 4¼" x 2¾" ink only by Workers United easy mounting shipping)—visit • EZ-peal adhesive for Certified Animal agreenerworld.org/ shelf mounting Welfare Approved by Callie Casteel shop-agw • Made in the USA 931-548-0664 AGW producers only Callie@ For shipping to Canada, Certified Animal agreenerworld.org call 202-446-2138 Welfare Approved by AGW producers only

ARE YOU MISSING OUT ON NEW BUSINESS?

Thousands of people visit AGW’s Online Directory to find high-welfare, sustainably produced food every year. Make sure your entry is up to date so they can find your products! CERTIFIED ANIMAL CERTIFIED GRASSFED CERTIFIÉ BIEN-ÊTRE CONSUMER VINYL BANNER $15 WELFARE APPROVED BY AGW STICKER ANIMAL BY AGW BROCHURES $5 • Ideal for farmers’ Our Online Directory is the most popular area BY AGW STICKER LABELS $4.60 STICKER LABELS • Explains the benefits markets/displays of our website, helping shoppers across North LABELS $5.70 • 1" x 1" high-quality $4.60 of certification • 18" x 24" with corner America find local suppliers of Certified Animal • 1" x 1" high-quality stickers • French version • Ideal for farmers’ grommets Welfare Approved by AGW, Certified Grassfed stickers • Long-life adhesive • 1" x 1" high-quality markets, farm stores • Full color imprint by AGW and Certified Non-GMO by AGW meat, • Long-life adhesive • 1,000 stickers per roll stickers and other events • Hard-wearing eggs, dairy and fiber products. • 1,000 stickers per roll • Long-life adhesive • 50 brochures per pack 18 oz vinyl Certified Grassfed by • 1,000 stickers per roll If you have new products or new outlets, update Certified Animal AGW producers only Certified Animal Certified Animal your listings today by contacting your regional Welfare Approved by Certified Animal Welfare Approved by Welfare Approved by coordinator (see above) or call 800-373-8806. AGW producers only Welfare Approved by AGW producers only AGW producers only AGW producers only

20 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 21 Meet the farmer 2) x SYLVAN FARM ( SYLVAN

LIVING THE DREAM

Joey and Erin McQuade grow organic crops and selling meat and fresh produce to restaurants and NOW OFFERING 5% OFF ALL FEED* AT A GLANCE raise Certified Animal Welfare Approved by AGW grocery stores where the customers care about Call (360) 318-7585 for a quote Organic Feeds pigs and Certified Grassfed by AGW beef cattle at where and how the food they eat was raised. REGIONAL GRAINS FROM FAMILY FARMS Farm: Sylvan Farm *Available to AWA Farms that mention this ad Sylvan Farm near Saluda, South Carolina, selling What’s the benefit of being certified by AGW? Certification date: directly to local restaurants and grocery stores. With our AGW certifications, people really know August 2017 Including all poultry, pig, goat, sheep, and mini pig feeds how our animals are treated and that we’re raising Size: 116 acres How did you get into farming? our animals according to the highest environmental (84 acres pasture) My wife, Erin, and I had dreams of moving back and welfare standards from birth through slaughter. Soil type: Silty to South Carolina to be closer to our families and loam the vibrant local food traditions there. After much What is the biggest threat to the sustainable Altitude: 479 feet searching, we fell in love with a 100-acre farm farming movement? Annual rainfall: with a 100-year-old farm house, surrounded by Allowing larger corporate farms to water down 47 inches enormous oak trees. We looked at other farms, but labeling and standards or use deceptive labeling Enterprises: just kept coming back to it. After many years of practices to exploit consumers. This makes it 30 Black Angus hard work and the support of family and friends, doubly challenging for smaller farms who work beef cattle we had the beginning stages of a farm. It’s been hard to employ the standards and principles to (Certified Animal growing ever since. compete. Welfare Approved Describe a typical day What do you find most frustrating about what by AGW, Certified Wake up at 5 a.m., make the family breakfast and you do? Grassfed by AGW) Advertise here get the kids ready for school. 6 a.m. check email Knowing that many people are happy to pay extra and 50 Gloucester orders before getting the crew started (harvesting, for premium fuel to maintain their expensive cars, Old Spots pigs and reach over weeding, feeding). Lunch at 11 a.m. Start packing yet they are unwilling to spend a few more dollars (Certified Animal orders at 12 p.m. and load the delivery van around on healthier, more sustainable food for themselves Welfare Approved 2 p.m. Clean the packing building, then a final and their families. by AGW) LOOKING FOR A check on the animals. The crew go home around What is your greatest achievement? 15,000 STANDOUT LABEL? 5 p.m. and we can relax with the kids. We’re asleep sylvanfarm.org We were awarded Farm of the Year in our area by 9 p.m. by the USDA NRCS for our conservation practices. farm, ranch and Our labeling team can help you create a high-impact design Joey and Erin McQuade grow organic crops and Sustainable farming principles: It made me realize that larger farmers no longer that complies with all relevant food labeling guidelines. raise Certified Animal Welfare Approved by why do they matter? see us as ‘outsiders,’ but as a legitimate farm. AGW pigs and Certified Grassfed by AGW beef food businesses Available FREE OF CHARGE* to farmers, ranchers and Sustainability is at the core of every management food businesses through A Greener World. cattle at Sylvan Farm near Saluda, SC, selling What keeps you awake at night? decision we make. If we were to disrupt or *For food producers and businesses in the AGW certification family. directly to local restaurants and grocery stores. Mother Nature. She has a huge impact on deplete our resources then the farm is no longer profitability. For the farm to be sustainable we sustainable—and we are no longer in business. email [email protected] For full details visit must work with her, but occasionally our plans agreenerworld.org/farmer-services/labeling-support Who are your customers? differ somewhat! I often lay awake at night trying call 800-373-8806 or call 800-373-8806 We raise cattle to 1,000 lbs and pigs to 250 lbs, to figure out how to adapt …

22 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • SUMMER 2019 SUMMER 2019 • SUSTAINABLE FARMING • 23 NON-PROFIT ORG U.S. POSTAGE PAID BEND OR PERMIT NO. 12 PO Box 115, Terrebonne OR 97760

“Our AGW certification gives customers an idea of what we’re doing on the farm without them having to come out. Since we got certified, we’ve had a 20 percent increase in sales. People love it!”

TIMOTHY HAWS, Autumn’s Harvest Farm, New York COVER: CATTLE LOUSE, SCENICS & SCIENCE/ALAMY STOCK PHOTO