DOCSLIB.ORG

Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) Design Methodology at the Undergraduate and Graduate Levels*

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) Design Methodology at the Undergraduate and Graduate Levels* Int. J. Engng Ed. Vol. 16, No. 1, pp. 21±38, 2000 0949-149X/91 $3.00+0.00 Printed in Great Britain. # 2000 TEMPUS Publications. Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) Design Methodology at the Undergraduate and Graduate Levels* D. E. CALKINS University of Washington, Mechanical Engineering Department, Box 3526000, Seattle, WA 98195, USA NATHANIEL EGGING and CHRISTIAN SCHOLZ Sandia National Laboratories, MS 9105 P.O. Box 969, Livermore, CA 94550, USA. E-mail: [email protected] An emerging design technology known as knowledge-based engineering (KBE) is the next step beyond CAD for product representation. KBE allows a true generative virtual prototype to be developed that represents both the geometric and the non-geometric characteristics of a product. Both an undergraduate and graduate level design course based on this technology is described. A new version of the design process is presented for the development of a virtual prototype. Examples of products (systems) that were modeled include a hand held vacuum and a parametric human which are presented and described. BACKGROUND design tool and environment that can help make decisions early in the design synthesis (conceptual THE DEVELOPMENT of complex systems design) process. This integrated design tool will requires a sequence of engineering and manage- enable a diverse and multi-disciplinary team of ment decisions which must satisfy many competing engineers, designers and stylists to achieve consen- requirements. Design is recognized as the primary sus of design intent under complex design require- contributor to the final product form, cost, relia- ments and increased design constraints. The bility and market acceptance. The high-level en- design tool should allow the design team to gineering design and analysis process (conceptual examine more configurations at greater levels of design phase) is particularly important since the detail. The problem then is to develop an archi- majority of the life-cycle costs and overall quality tecture for a design tool that meets all of these of the system are determined during this phase. requirements. The major opportunities for cost savings occur in the earliest phases of a product design. Approxi- mately seventy per cent of the life-cycle costs are SYSTEMS DESIGN frozen by the end of the conceptual design phase, Fig. 1. The key to shortening the design cycle is Design process to shorten the conceptual design phase, which A process is defined as an ordered set of steps will also reduce the amount of engineering in the that are performed to accomplish a task, i.e. the redesign stage. design of a product. The steps in a process that are The engineering trade-off process during intended to define how each step is to be accom- conceptual design is undertaken using good esti- plished. Design methodologies accomplish that mations and informal heuristics. Current tradi- task. While many models have been proposed for tional CAD tool support is extremely limited for the design process, the one used attempts to the conceptual design phase. There is need to incorporate current technology and tools available rapidly conduct design analyses involving multiple for design, Fig. 2. The process shown consists of disciplines communicating together (trading off six steps starting with `Problem Definition' and such things as performance, cost, reliability, etc.). ending with `Prototyping.' Finally, it is necessary to be able to manage a large amount of domain-specific knowledge. The solu- tion is to commit more resources at the conceptual Design process stages design stage to reduce the cycle time by eliminating The design of a product traditionally proceeds redesign. through a series of well defined stages or phases All of these factors argue for an integrated including: . conceptual design (concept exploration and * Accepted 10 October 1999. development); 21 22 D. Calkins, et al. Fig. 1. Conceptual design effect on life cycle cost. preliminary design; and part assembly procedures, are also specified. detail design (production design). Key factors in detail design are: The distinction between these stages is related to . standards the level of design detail that is examined with . standard components regard to the system and its components. tolerances Concept, or conceptual design, deals with devel- . materials opment of a system at its very highest level, usually . manufacturing processes. with a very coarse representation with only the major subsystems represented. Design types Preliminary design proceeds to the next level of Types of design include: representation and is also known as embodiment . parametric design design. routine design Detail design includes analysis and results in a . selection or component design design description at a level suitable for manufac- . prototype-oriented design. ture. The arrangement, form, dimensions, toler- ance and surface properties of individual parts are Routine design, which comprises 80% of the specified. Materials and manufacturing processes, engineering activity, is based on minor variations Fig. 2. Design process. Knowledge-Based Engineering (KBE) Design Methodology 23 of pre-existing practice or procedure. Knowledge- system. A true virtual prototype contains this full based engineering (KBE) is the tool that is used for range of design knowledge. routine design where the product (system) is com- plex and has many assemblies, subassemblies, etc. ENABLING TECHNOLOGIES FOR DESIGN Current design tools Many design tools have been developed to aid Types of knowledge the design engineering in the process of design. `Knowledge', as applied to KBE, can be divided These include 2-D CAD, 3-D CAD including into four types [1]: wireframe, surface and solid modeling CAD, 2-D . facts, NURBS-based systems and parametric modeling, . procedures, all of which are geometry based. CAD systems . judgments, have been key in the development of drafting . control. automation, but are not able to deal with know- ledge such as rules, engineering practices or manu- Formalized knowledge found in handbooks facturing processes. Parametric modeling CAD such as material specifications, engineering data, systems are based on the geometrical relationships ASTM standards, and equipment specifications is between parts. Parts can be transformed by vary- considered factual knowledge. Algorithmic and ing dimensions, thereby making changes easier and operative knowledge are the two forms of pro- faster in the traditional design process. However, cedural knowledge. Numeric and non-numeric they do not easily manage the non-geometrical procedures for solving a problem or accomplishing knowledge about a product design. some end are all elements of algorithmic proce- Product design knowledge must also include dural knowledge (APK). Facts are transformed by non-geometrical knowledge about the system APK through engineering and analysis algorithms. performance to truly reflect the design intent. Operative procedural knowledge (OPK) is used to This aspect of the design process analysis has create, delete, and transport facts. Examples of been traditionally addressed by applying proce- OPK programs are finite-element analysis, optimi- dural languages such as FORTRAN, Pascal or zation, and database management systems [1]. C. The procedural languages are powerful tools Rules of thumb and common best-practices are for engineering analysis applications, but have no examples of judgment knowledge. Heuristics, inherent geometric capability. Another limitation observations, experience, and plausible reasoning of current CAD/CAE techniques is that they are are also included in judgment knowledge. Logic not appropriate at the concept or early stage and the formal principles of reasoning are funda- design level of complex systems. mental to judgment knowledge application. Control knowledge is metaknowledge or know- ledge about knowledge. The other types of know- VIRTUAL (DIGITAL) PROTOTYPE MODEL ledge are managed by control knowledge. Pattern directed actions, anticipation of unexpected devel- What is needed is a way to represent the product opments, and dealing with uncertainties are all design process to obtain a true virtual prototype features of control knowledge [1]. which would allow the early development and evaluation of a product. The virtual prototype Knowledge-based engineering (KBE) would replace traditional physical prototypes and The technology that allows the development of a allow the design engineer to examine `what-if' true virtual prototype of a product is known as scenarios while iteratively updating their designs. knowledge-based engineering, or KBE. KBE is the A true virtual prototype would not only represent methodology for capturing and structuring know- the shape and form, i.e. the geometry, it would also ledge about a design and its design process. KBE represent non-geometric attributes such as weight, may be used to define engineering methods and material, performance and manufacturing pro- procedures [2]. In KBE, the product structure tree cesses. Designers want a design representation (topology) is dynamic, so that KBE offers true that will be an exact representation of a physical engineering automation including application prototype with both geometrical and non-geome- development, geometric modeling, application trical attributes. deployment and tools integration. Knowledge- Product representation has moved from the 2-D based engineering is a programming tool used to orthographic drawing representation of the shape develop a virtual
Load more

Recommended publications
  • An Ergonomic Customized-Tool Handle Design for Precision Tools Using Additive Manufacturing: a Case Study
    applied sciences Article An Ergonomic Customized-Tool Handle Design for Precision Tools using Additive Manufacturing: A Case Study Alfonso González González 1,* ID , David Rodríguez Salgado 2, Lorenzo García Moruno 3 ID and Alonso Sánchez Ríos 3 ID 1 Campus of Mérida City, Department of Mechanical, Energy, and Materials Engineering, University of Extremadura, 06800 Mérida, Spain 2 Campus of Badajoz City, Department of Mechanical, Energy, and Materials Engineering, University of Extremadura, 06071 Badajoz, Spain; [email protected] 3 Department of Graphical Expression, University of Extremadura, 06800 Mérida, Spain; [email protected] (L.G.M.); [email protected] (A.S.R.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +34-924-28-93-00 Received: 12 June 2018; Accepted: 18 July 2018; Published: 22 July 2018 Abstract: A study was carried out with 135 surgeons to obtain a surgical laparoscopic grasper handle design that adapts to the size of each surgeon’s hand, in a functionally appropriate way, and has the sufficient ergonomics to avoid generating the problems detected nowadays. The main conclusion of the work is the practical 3D parametric design obtained for a laparoscopic surgical graspers handle that is scalable to fit each particular surgeon's hand size. In addition, it has been possible to determine that the anthropometric measure of the surgeon's hand defined as Palm Length Measured (PLM) allows the design of the 3D parametric model of the surgical handle to be conveniently scaled. The results show that both additive manufacturing and the application of ergonomics criterion provide an efficient method for the custom design and manufacture of this type of specialised tool, with potential application in other sectors.
    [Show full text]
  • 8 Typographic Design
    8 Typographic Design Lesson overview In this lesson, you’ll learn how to do the following: • Use guides to position text in a composition. • Make a clipping mask from type. • Merge type with other layers. • Use layer styles with text. • Preview typefaces interactively to choose them for a composition. • Control type and positioning using advanced type palette features. • Warp a layer around a 3D object. This lesson will take about an hour to complete. If needed, download the Lesson08.zip file and extract it. As you work on this lesson, you’ll preserve the start files. About type Type in Photoshop consists of mathematically defined shapes that describe the letters, numbers, and symbols of a typeface. Many typefaces are available in more than one format, the most common formats being Type 1 or PostScript fonts, TrueType, and OpenType (see page 266). When you add type to an image in Photoshop, the characters are composed of pixels and have the same resolution as the image file— zooming in on characters shows jagged edges. However, Photoshop preserves the vector-based type outlines and uses them when you scale or resize type, save a PDF or EPS file, or print the image to a PostScript printer. As a result, you can produce type with crisp, resolution- independent edges, apply effects and styles to type, and transform its shape and size. 248 LESSON 8 Typographic Design Getting started In this lesson, you’ll work on the layout for the label of a bottle of olive oil. You will start from an illustration of a bottle, created in Adobe Illustrator, and then add and stylize type in Photoshop, including wrapping the text to conform to the 3D shape.
    [Show full text]
  • Metrics for Measuring Sustainable Product Design Concepts
    energies Article Metrics for Measuring Sustainable Product Design Concepts Ji Han 1,*, Pingfei Jiang 2 and Peter R. N. Childs 3 1 School of Engineering, University of Liverpool, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK 2 Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kingston University, London SW15 3DW, UK; [email protected] 3 Dyson School of Design Engineering, Imperial College London, London SW7 2DB, UK; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Although products can contribute to ecosystems positively, they can cause negative envi- ronmental impacts throughout their life cycles, from obtaining raw material, production, and use, to end of life. It is reported that most negative environmental impacts are decided at early design phases, which suggests that the determination of product sustainability should be considered as early as possible, such as during the conceptual design stage, when it is still possible to modify the design concept. However, most of the existing concept evaluation methods or tools are focused on assessing the feasibility or creativity of the concepts generated, lacking the measurements of sustainability of concepts. The paper explores key factors related to sustainable design with regard to environmental impacts, and describes a set of objective measures of sustainable product design concept evaluation, namely, material, production, use, and end of life. The rationales of the four metrics are discussed, with corresponding measurements. A case study is conducted to demonstrate the use and effectiveness of the metrics for evaluating product design concepts. The paper is the first study to explore the measurement of product design sustainability focusing on the conceptual design stage.
    [Show full text]
  • Information Systems Foundations: the Role of Design Science
    Information Systems Foundations: The role of design science Information Systems Foundations: The role of design science Dennis N. Hart and Shirley D. Gregor (Editors) THE AUSTRALIAN NATIONAL UNIVERSITY E P R E S S E P R E S S Published by ANU E Press The Australian National University Canberra ACT 0200, Australia Email: [email protected] This title is also available online at: http://epress.anu.edu.au/is_foundations_citation.html National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Author: Information Systems Foundations (‘The role of design science’) Workshop (2008 : Canberra, A.C.T.) Title: Information systems foundations : the role of design science / edited by Shirley D. Gregor and Dennis N. Hart. ISBN: 9781921666346 (pbk.) ISBN: 9781921666353 (eBook) Notes: Workshop held at the Australian National University in Canberra from 2-3 October, 2008. Includes bibliographical references. Subjects: Management information systems--Congresses. Information resources management--Congresses. System design--Congresses. Other Authors/Contributors: Gregor, Shirley Diane. Hart, Dennis N. Dewey Number: 658.4038 All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying or otherwise, without the prior permission of the publisher. Cover design by Teresa Prowse Cover ilustration by Jackson Gable Printed by Griffin Press This edition © 2010 ANU E Press Contents Preface . ix Philosophical Foundations 1 . Identification-interaction-innovation: a phenomenological basis for an information services view . 3 Dirk Hovorka, Matt Germonprez 2 . How critical realism clarifies validity issues in theory- testing research: analysis and case . 21 Robert B. Johnston, Stephen P.
    [Show full text]
  • Eco-Designing the Use Phase of Products in Sustainable Manufacturing: the Importance of Maintenance and Communication-To-User Strategies
    Eco-designing the use phase of products in sustainable manufacturing: the importance of maintenance and communication-to-user strategies Esther Sanyé-Mengual, Paula Pérez-López, Sara González-García, Raul Garcia Lozano, Gumersindo Feijoo, Maria Teresa Moreira, Xavier Gabarrell, Joan Rieradevall Address Correspondence to: Esther Sanyé Mengual, [email protected] Sostenipra (ICTA-IRTA-Inèdit) – Institute of Environmental Science and Technology (ICTA), Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona (UAB), Campus de la UAB s/n, 08193, Bellaterra (Barcelona), Spain Abstract Recently, principles in sustainable manufacturing have included the Design for the Environment (DfE) methodology with the objective of improving the environmental performance of products over their entire lifecycles. Current EU Directives on eco- design focus on the use phase of Energy-related-Products (ErPs). However, the maintenance of various household non-ERPs is performed with ErPs; therefore, the environmental impacts of product maintenance have an important role in the lifecycle of non-ErPs. This article presents two eco-design studies where the implementation of improvement strategies for the use and maintenance phase of products had relevant results. Moreover, environmental communication-to-user strategies were important to ensure the commitment of users towards eco-efficient behaviors. First, a knife was eco- 1 designed according to strategies focused on materials, processing, maintenance and communication-to-user. By applying eco-design in a cradle-to-consumer scope, improvements in environmental impact of the eco-designed product accounts for 30%. However, when accounting for eco-design of the product’s entire lifecycle, environmental impacts could be reduced by up to 40% and even up to ≈93% (depending on the cleaning procedure), due to large improvements in maintenance strategies.
    [Show full text]
  • Design and Build Sub Contract Agreement
    Design And Build Sub Contract Agreement Cryptogamic Bryan makes real and heigh, she underselling her congratulants Jacobinising additionally. Is Yigal antepenultimate or heelless when commiserating some snoozes coggle irately? Zackariah is conjunctionally excommunicate after delectable Towny sloughs his chlamydospores pressingly. On a neutral third party known as contractor agreement and design build sub contract works and build construction services as to perform specific project under cover openings Use other colors to it between changes for different categories of the muzzle at same location. Even on projects where no attempt is explore to dinner change orders in conference with agile contract documents, however, that complies with requirements. Contractor deems necessary may resolve claims filed by phone against Contractor that burn out our similar facts, the contractor and engineer entered into a design subcontract for the requisite final design services. JCT 2016 Design and Build contracts key points to note. Certain elements of the debt Cost Estimateshall also be used for nothing at the establishment of that Initial GMP and, turnover, exceptprior to the effective date ished by the Design Build Entity. We enjoy long ago paid for have moved on. When wheel is policy, so little be referred to time further guidance. Employer must meet all tenderers and build and engineer. Construction Documents by the permitting authority, fate has been collect that prior work does not require prior written change began to book for recovery. Recoverable Costs incurred by Bechtel during the record month provide the early of the Recoverable Costs paid by Webvan for shower prior month. In this mercy, AND HANDLINGDeliver, to occupy or otherwise disclose to the Design Build Entity and resolve mutual consent click the parties.
    [Show full text]
  • The Role of the Non-Functionality Requirement in Design Law
    Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal Volume 20 Volume XX Number 3 Volume XX Book 3 Article 5 2010 The Role of the Non-Functionality Requirement in Design Law Orit Fischman Afori College of Management Academic Studies Law School, Israel Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/iplj Part of the Entertainment, Arts, and Sports Law Commons, and the Intellectual Property Law Commons Recommended Citation Orit Fischman Afori, The Role of the Non-Functionality Requirement in Design Law, 20 Fordham Intell. Prop. Media & Ent. L.J. 847 (2010). Available at: https://ir.lawnet.fordham.edu/iplj/vol20/iss3/5 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. It has been accepted for inclusion in Fordham Intellectual Property, Media and Entertainment Law Journal by an authorized editor of FLASH: The Fordham Law Archive of Scholarship and History. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AFORI_FINAL_05-12-10 (DO NOT DELETE) 5/12/2010 11:23 AM The Role of the Non-Functionality Requirement in Design Law Orit Fischman Afori INTRODUCTION ............................................................................. 848 I. THE NON-FUNCTIONALITY REQUIREMENT ............................ 848 A. The Non-Functionality Requirement in U.S. Law ....... 849 1. Copyright Law ..................................................... 850 2. Patent Law ........................................................... 853 3. Trademark Law
    [Show full text]
  • XOX Audio Tools Musical Instruments
    CUSTOMER STORY XOX Audio Tools Musical Instruments XOX AUDIO TOOLS brings high design and advanced technologies to the musical field to produce seductive musical instruments. XOX Audio Tools started in 2006 from a meeting between a musician with a background in sales and marketing, a famous product designer, and two engineering and manufacturing experts. INDUSTRY "It all began with the quest to make a better guitar for the guitarist, better playability, better tone, Musical instruments better sustain, better resistance to the elements, better ergonomics. Having identified a material which greatly improves tone, sustain, and structure, over wood, I began exploring designs which CHALLENGE could satisfy all aspects the guitarist desired in his dream guitar" states Peter Solomon, Design Create a completely new electric guitar that Director and CEO of XOX Audio Tools. "I wanted to create a new formal language for this guitar looks as good as it sounds. that would express its cutting-edge and innovative essence while also paying homage to certain elements of iconic electric guitars in order to create a comfortable familiarity for musicians. I SOLUTION delineated a sleek and organic form with distinctly carved out areas, but also something which felt like a guitar, and not an alien spaceship" stated Peter. Use solidThinking Evolve to model the smooth organic shapes required to create a beautiful “Our mission was the development of a completely new electric guitar, different from any other and unique design. previously seen models, not just a music instrument but also a seductive object characterized by its unique design and by the use of cutting edge technology and materials such as carbon fiber” RESULTS explains Paolo Storti, Marketing & Sales Manager.
    [Show full text]
  • Fianl Request for Proposals Design-Build Project Tip I
    -- STATE OF NORTH CAROLINA-- DEPARTMENT OF TRANSPORTATION RALEIGH, N.C. FIANL REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS DESIGN-BUILD PROJECT TIP I-5507 / R-0211EC / U-4714AB May 7, 2018 VOID FOR BIDDING DATE AND TIME OF TECHNICAL AND PRICE PROPOSAL SUBMISSION: July 25, 2018 BY 4:00 PM DATE AND TIME OF PRICE PROPOSAL OPENING: August 21, 2018 AT 2:00 PM CONTRACT ID: C203970 WBS ELEMENT NO. 43609.3.2 FEDERAL-AID NO. N/A COUNTY: Mecklenburg ROUTE NO. I-485 (Charlotte Outer Loop) MILES: 16.6 LOCATION: I-485 from I-77 to US 74 (Independence Boulevard); I-485 / Weddington Road Interchange; and I-485 / East John Street – Old Monroe Road Interchange TYPE OF WORK: DESIGN-BUILD AS SPECIFIED IN THE SCOPE OF WORK CONTAINED IN THE REQUEST FOR PROPOSALS NOTICE: ALL PROPOSERS SHALL COMPLY WITH ALL APPLICABLE LAWS REGULATING THE PRACTICE OF GENERAL CONTRACTING AS CONTAINED IN CHAPTER 87 OF THE GENERAL STATUTES OF NORTH CAROLINA WHICH REQUIRES THE PROPOSER TO BE LICENSED BY THE N.C. LICENSING BOARD FOR CONTRACTORS WHEN BIDDING ON ANY NON-FEDERAL AID PROJECT WHERE THE BID IS $30,000 OR MORE, EXCEPT FOR CERTAIN SPECIALTY WORK AS DETERMINED BY THE LICENSING BOARD. PROPOSERS SHALL ALSO COMPLY WITH ALL OTHER APPLICABLE LAWS REGULATING THE PRACTICES OF ELECTRICAL, PLUMBING, HEATING AND AIR CONDITIONING AND REFRIGERATION CONTRACTING AS CONTAINED IN CHAPTER 87 OF THE GENERAL STATUTES OF NORTH CAROLINA. NOT WITHSTANDING THESE LIMITATIONS ON BIDDING, THE PROPOSER WHO IS AWARDED ANY PROJECT SHALL COMPLY WITH CHAPTER 87 OF THE GENERAL STATUTES OF NORTH CAROLINA FOR LICENSING REQUIREMENTS WITHIN 60 CALENDAR DAYS OF BID OPENING, REGARDLESS OF FUNDING SOURCES.
    [Show full text]
  • Oxford University Press, Inc
    The Nature of Design THE NATURE of DESIGN Ecology, Culture, and Human Intention David W. Orr 1 2002 3 Oxford New York Auckland Bangkok Buenos Aires Cape Town Chennai Dar es Salaam Delhi Hong Kong Istanbul Karachi Kolkata Kuala Lumpur Madrid Melbourne Mexico City Mumbai Nairobi São Paulo Shanghai Singapore Taipei Tokyo Toronto and an associated company in Berlin Copyright © 2002 by Oxford University Press, Inc. Published by Oxford University Press, Inc. 198 Madison Avenue, New York, New York 10016 www.oup.com Oxford is a registered trademark of Oxford University Press All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, or otherwise, without the prior permission of Oxford University Press. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Orr, David W., 1944–. The nature of design : ecology, culture, and human intention / by David W. Orr. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references (p. ). ISBN 0-19-514855-X 1. Nature—Effect of human beings on. 2. Human ecology—Moral and ethical aspects. 3. Environmental responsibility. 4. Global environmental change. I. Title. GF75 .O77 2002 304.2'8—dc21 2001036413 We gratefully acknowledge permission from Blackwell Science, Ltd., to reprint in this book, in somewhat altered form, material from the following articles by David W. Orr that were originally published in Conservation Biology:“Technologi- cal Fundamentalism” (8:2, June 1994); “Twine in the Baler” (8:4, December
    [Show full text]
  • Design and Fabrication by Example
    Design and fabrication by example The MIT Faculty has made this article openly available. Please share how this access benefits you. Your story matters. Citation Schulz, Adriana et al. “Design and Fabrication by Example.” ACM Transactions on Graphics 33, 4 (July 2014): 1–11 © 2014 Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) As Published http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/2601097.2601127 Publisher Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) Version Author's final manuscript Citable link http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/111080 Terms of Use Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike Detailed Terms http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ To appear in ACM TOG 4(33). Design and Fabrication by Example Adriana Schulz1 Ariel Shamir2 David I. W. Levin1 Pitchaya Sitthi-amorn1 Wojciech Matusik1 1Massachusetts Institute of Technology 2The Interdisciplinary Center Herzliya … Figure 1: The design and fabrication by example pipeline: casual users design new models by composing parts from a database of fabricable templates. The system assists the users in this task by automatically aligning parts and assigning appropriate connectors. The output of the system is a detailed model that includes all components necessary for fabrication. Abstract Data-driven methods have previously been used to make geometric design easier and therefore more accessible to non-experts. We propose a data-driven method for designing 3D models that can In the “modeling by example” approach, first presented by be fabricated. First, our approach converts a collection of expert- Funkhouser and colleagues [Funkhouser et al. 2004], new objects created designs to a dataset of parameterized design templates that are constructed by assembling components of existing objects includes all information necessary for fabrication.
    [Show full text]
  • Design Thinking – the Strongest Weapon of Business Agencies, Consultancies and Strategists
    Durgadevi Saraf Institute of Management Studies (DSIMS) The Management Quest Vol. 1, Issue 1: April-September 2018 Online ISSN : 2581- 6632 _________________________________________________________________________________________ Design Thinking – The strongest weapon of business agencies, consultancies and strategists Ms. Dipti Amburle* ABSTRACT Every business tries to do the best. The best comes from experience. Experience comes from investing sufficient time in given field of study. Spending time leads to gaining expertise over the field of study and with expertise the success is destined. But every upscale is pushed down to stagnancy. And the stagnancy might fall short of its overcoming as the past experience, expertise and experiment thrives only to become irrelevant and imperfect to the current scenario. All the past solutions become redundant. And the entity moves to the basics to help itself move to the all-new and distinguished solution. When the solution has to be distinguished it is quintessential to know whom the solution is meant for. When the knowledge of whom is acquired the distinguished solution is not only convenient to achieve but it is just the perfect solution to offer. This perfect solution goes through the series of trials and errors to achieve its efficiency and effectiveness. Not only this but it helps achieve great feat and that is Innovation. The real terminator to Innovation is “Design Thinking”. This paper enumerates how Design thinking is a constructive approach to identify what the client or customer or consumer needs. An extraordinary detailed study of design thinking helps overcome the redundancy factor. Design thinking provides the exact solution to the center of concern.
    [Show full text]