Progress of Stream Measurements
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Water-Supply and Irrigation Paper No. 125 Series P, Hydrographic Progress Reports, 30 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR REPORT PROGRESS OF STREAM MEASUREMENTS THE CALENDAR YEAR 1904 PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF F. H. NEWELL BY R. E. HORTON, N. C. GROVER, and JOHN C. HOYT PART II. Hudson, Passaic, Raritan, and Delaware River Drainages WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1905 Water-Supply and Irrigation Paper No. 125 Series P, Hydrographic Progress Reports, 30 i DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR REPORT PROGRESS OF STREAM MEASUREMENTS THE CALENDAR YEAR 1904 PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF F. H. NEWELL BY R. E. HORTON, N. C. GROVER, and JOHN C. HOYT PART II. Hudson, Passaic, Raritan, and Delaware River Drainages WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1905 CONTENTS. Letter of transmittal...................................................... 7 Introduction............................................................. 9 Cooperation and acknowledgments ...... ...^.............................. 18 Hudson Eiver drainage basin. ............................................ 19 Hudson Eiver at Fort Edward, N. Y .............................. 19 Hudson Eiver at Mechanicsville, N. Y............................. 22 Indian Eiver at Indian Lake, Hamilton County, N. Y.............. 24 Hoosic Eiver at Buskirk, N. Y .................................... 24 Mohawk River at Little Falls, N. Y................................ 26 Mohawk Eiver at Dunsbach Ferry Bridge, N. Y.................... 29 Oriskany Creek near Oriskany, N. Y .............................. 32 Starch Factory Creek near New Hartford, N. Y.................... 35 Sylvan Glen Creek near New Hartford, N. Y....................... 37 Graefenberg Creek near New Hartford, N. Y....................... 39 Eeels Creek and Johnston Brook near Deer-field, N. Y.............. 41 Nail Creek at Utica, N. Y......................................... 45 West Canada Creek at Twin Eock Bridge, N. Y.................... 46 East Canada Creek at Dolgeville, N. Y ............................ 50 Schoharie Creek at Prattsville, N. Y............................... 54 Batavia Kill near Prattsville, N. Y ................................ 59 Catskill Creek at South Cairo, N. Y ............................... 60 Esopus Creek near Olivebridge, N. Y.............................. 63 Esopus Creek at Kingston, N. Y................................... 66 Wappinger Creek near Wappinger Falls, N. Y ..................... 70 Croton Eiver at old Croton dam, New York........................ 71 Miscellaneous measurements...................................... 73 Passaic Eiver drainage basin .............................................. 73 Passaic Eiver at Millington, N. J.................................. 74 Passaic Eiver near Chatham, N. J................................. 76 Pompton River at Pompton Plains, N. J ........................... 78 Eamapo Eiver near Mahwah, N. J ................................. 79 Wanaque Eiver at Wanaque, N. J................................. 82 Eockaway Eiver near Boonton, N. J............................... 84 Earitan Eiver drainage basin.............................................. 84 Earitan Eiver (South Branch) at Stanton, N. J..................... 85 Earitan Eiver at Finderne, N. J. .................................. 87 Earitan Eiver at Boundbrook, N. J................................ 90 Earitan Eiver (North Branch) near Pluckemin, N. J ............... 91 Millstone Eiver at Millstone, N. J...............................'.. 93 Delaware Eiver drainage basin ............................................ 94 Delaware Eiver (West Branch) at Hancock, N. Y.................. 96 Delaware Eiver (East Branch) at Hancock, N. Y................... 98 Delaware Eiver at Lambertville, N. J. -......--.....--.-.-.--..--.. 99 Lehigh Eiver near South Bethlehem, Pa........................... 101 Musconetcong Eiver near Bloomsbury, N. J........................ 102 Tohickon Creek at Point Pleasant, Pa.............................. 104 Neshaminy Creek at forks, Pennsylvania .......................... 105 Schuylkill Eiver near Philadelphia, Pa ............................ 107 Perkiomen Creek at Frederick, Pa...........-.-.--.........-..-.-- 108 [ndex .............-...........-.-.......-.-.-...-.-....-............-..- HI 3 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. PLATE I. Map showing location of principal gaging stations in the United States ....................................................... 10 II. Price current meters, with buzzers,...................--....----- 12 Fia. 1. Cable station, showing section of the river, car, gage, etc ............ 11 5 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY, HYDROGRAPHIC BRANCH, Washington, D. C., May 4, 1905- SIR: I transmit herewith the manuscript of Part II of a series of twelve papers which compose the Report of Progress of Stream Meas urements for the Calendar Year 1901. Parts I to VI of this report contain the results of the data collected in the territory east of Missis sippi River. Parts VII to XII are devoted to the data collected in the territory west of Mississippi River. The larger part of the original data for this report was collected under the direction of district hydrographers R. E. Horton and N. C. Grover. Mr. Horton had charge of the work in New York, and was assisted by C. C. Covert and H. R. Beebe. The computations for that portion of the report were made under the direction of Mr. Horton. Mr. Grover had charge of the work in New Jersey, and was assisted by F. H. Tillinghast and Frank H. Brundage. A limited amount of the data was collected by other parties, as shown in the list of acknowl edgments. The assembling of the data and its preparation for pub lication were done under the direction of J. C. Hoyt, who has been assisted by R. H. Bolster, Robert Follansbee, W. E. Hall, F. H. Tilling hast, H. D. Padgett, and A. H. Horton. I request that this manuscript be published as one of the series of Water-Supply and Irrigation Papers. Very respectfully, F. H. NEWELL, Chief Engineer. Hon. CHARLES D. WALCOTT, Director United States Geological Survey. 7 PROGRESS REPORT OF STREAM MEASUREMENTS FOR THE CALENDAR YEAR 1904. ii. By K. E. HORTON, N. C. GROVER, and J. C. HOTT. INTRODUCTION. The hydrographic work of the United States Geological Survey includes the collection of facts concerning and the study of conditions affecting the behavior of water from the time it reaches the earth as rain or snow until it joins the oceans or great navigable rivers. These investigations became a distinct feature of the work of the Survey in the fall of 1888, when an instruction camp was established at Embudo, N. Mex. Since that date the work has been continually and gradually extended as larger funds became available. The first distinctive appropriation for gaging streams was made by the act of August 18, 1894, which contained an item of $12,500, " for gaging the streams and determining the water supply of the United States, including the investigation of underground currents and artesian wells in the arid and semiarid sections." (Digest of Appropriations for 1895, p. 270.) Since that time a similar act has been passed each year and the appropriations have gradually increased, as shown in the following table: Annual appropriations for hydrographic surveys. Year ending June 30, 1895 .............................................. $12, 500 Year ending June 30, 1896 .............................................. 25,000 Year ending June 30, 1897 .............................................. 50,000 Year ending June 30, 1898 .............................................. 50,000 Year ending June 30, 1899 .............................................. 50,000 Year ending June 30, 1900 .............................................. 50, 000 Year ending June 30, 1901 .............................................. 100,000 Year ending June 30, 1902 .............................................. 100,000 Year ending June 30, 1903 .............................................. 200,000 Year ending June 30, 1904 .............................................. 200,000 Year ending June 30, 1905 .............................................. 200,000 Year ending June 30, 1906 .............................................. 200,000 9 10 STREAM MEASUREMENTS IN 1904, PART II. [NO 125. The chief feature of the work of the hydrographic division is the systematic study of the flow of the surface waters and the conditions affecting the same. In this connection other information that may be of use to the engineer or others in hyclrographic studies, such as river profiles, duration and extent of damage by floods, water-power data, etc., is collected. Furthermore, the work has been so directed that the information collected will be of direct value in the commercial and agricultural development of the country. As a result of the increased appropriations since June 30, 1902, the work has been largely extended and thoroughly systemized. The various States have been grouped into districts, each of which is under the supervision of a district hydrographer who, with a corps of assist ants, devotes his whole time to the study of the hydrographic resources of his district. The methods used in the collection of these data and in their prepa ration for publication are given in detail in Water-Supply Paper No. 94. (Hydrographic Manual, U. S. Geol. Survey.) The general plan of stream gaging which