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Helping to Restore Anadromous Fish Passage

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Helping to Restore Anadromous Fish Passage TheTidal Exchange Newsletter of the New York ~ New Jersey Harbor Estuary Program Autumn 2006 Helping to Restore THIS ISSUE Anadromous Fish Passage HARBOR ESTUARY NEWS Fish Ladder Feasibility on the Rahway River CONTENTS Mark Jaworski and Ryan Brown 1 Helping to Restore ams, dikes, culverts and routes along the lower reaches of the Anadromous Fish Passage other structures prevent Rahway River in New Jersey, while Fish Ladder Feasibility Dmigrating fish in the New preserving beneficial uses of the river. on the Rahway River York – New Jersey Harbor Estuary, The ultimate purpose of this and throughout the coastal United project is to allow native anadromous Mark Jaworski and Ryan Brown States, from reaching their native fish populations to reach upstream upstream spawning grounds. Many historical spawning and rearing 2 structures located on streams and areas in the Rahway River that are HEP Recognizes its Partners rivers are used for drinking water, currently inaccessible due to a dam. electricity generation, flood control, The installation of a fish ladder at the 4 irrigation and other benefits. The New Rahway Water Supply Dam could be a EstuaryLive a Success - York – New Jersey Harbor Estuary first step in restoring the fishery in the Receives Rave Reviews Program (HEP) provided funding for lower section of the river and could lead a feasibility study to determine how to to further opportunities for restoration 5 best restore historical fish migration (continued on page 3) EstuaryLive 2006 Cast & Crew A Victory for Habitat in the Harbor Estuary HEP Awards Planning Funds for Idlewild Park Wetlands Restoration 7 HEP Awards Grants to 10 Partners for 3 Estuary Stewardship Projects Important New Jersey CSO Legislation Enacted Dan Zeppenfeld 8 The American Eel The proposed location for the fish ladder is along the dam (the right side of this photo). This Anguilla rostrata would allow the fish to swim around the dam while allowing the dam to operate at its current capacity. Photo courtesy of Mark Jaworski, Western Solutions 2 AUTUMN 2006 THE TIDAL EXCHANGE HEP Recognizes its Partners he HEP office would like to thank the Hudson River Foundation (HRF) Tfor hosting several work group meetings including the Contaminant Assessment and Reduction Program (CARP) meeting, the Comprehensive New York-New Jersey Restoration Plan (CRP) meeting, and the Regional Sediment Management Work Harbor Estuary Program Group (RSMWG) meeting. 290 Broadway, 24th Floor New York, NY 10007 EP would like to recognize the partnership between HEP and HRF for HRF’s 212-637-3816 Hrole in hosting the monthly NY-NJ Harbor Estuary Seminar Series. Visit [email protected] www.hudsonriver.org for the schedule. www.harborestuary.org hanks to the Interstate Environmental Commission for hosting the Pathogens Director Robert Nyman TWork Group meeting. US EPA, Region II hanks to the Metropolitan Waterfront Alliance for hosting the Citizens Outreach Coordinator Advisory Committee meeting. Laura Bartovics T New York Sea Grant Technical Specialist Cathy Yuhas Harbor Estuary locations visited in this quarter’s Tidal Exchange New Jersey Sea Grant Program Associate Cortney Worrall New England Interstate Water Hudson River Pollution Control Commission Hackensack River Tidal Exchange Editors Long Island Sound Laura Bartovics, NYSG New Jersey Cortney Worrall, NEIWPCC Jeff Myers, NYS DEC Passaic River Kerry Kirk Pflugh, NJ DEP Robert Nyman, EPA HEP Office East River New York Cathy Yuhas, NJSG NewNewarkark Bay Lower Idlewild Park Planning Page 5 Program Structure New York The NY-NJ Harbor Estuary Program Bay Kill Van Kull is a partnership of federal, state Rahway River Jamaica Bay and local governments, scientists, Fish Passage Story Page 1 and citizens working together and within the following committees and Upper EstuaryLive Page 4 Raritan River New York workgroups: Bay Neck Creek Acquistion Page 5 RariRaritantan BaBayy Policy Committee SandySandy Hook Management Committee Bay Citizens Advisory Committee NavesinkNavesink River New York Bight Science and Technical Advisory Committee ShrewsburShrewsburyy RiverRiver Habitat Workgroup Toxics Workgroup Nutrients Workgroup Pathogens Workgroup Clean Sediment and Navigation The Tidal Exchange is a publication of the New York - New Jersey Harbor Estuary Program (HEP), Workgroup a partnership of federal, state and local governments, scientists and citizens working together to protect and restore the natural resources of the estuary. The purpose of the newsletter is to promote Education and Outreach Workgroup an informative dialog on issues related to the Harbor Estuary Program. For information about committees The HEP is sponsored by the States of New York and New Jersey and the US Environmental or workgroups, please visit the HEP Protection Agency. The HEP Management Committee consists of representatives from the US EPA, website or contact the HEP Office. NJ DEP, NYS DEC, NY and NJ local governments, US ACE, US DOI, NOAA, Port Authority of NY & NJ, Interstate Environmental Commission, NJ Harbor Dischargers Group, NYS DOS, Science & Technical Advisory Committee and Citizens Advisory Committee. The Tidal Exchange is printed on 100% Post- Consumer Recycled The Tidal Exchange is produced and printed by New York Sea Grant (NYSG) under a cooperative Paper, Processed Chlorine-Free Agreement with the US EPA (#CE982247-02). The viewpoints expressed here do not necessarily represent those of NYSG, US EPA, or the HEP Management Committee, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products or causes constitute endorsement or recommendation for use. THE TIDAL EXCHANGE AUTUMN 2006 3 Fish Ladders removing or bypassing (from page 1) impediments. Where removal of a dam or efforts upstream. other barrier is not While dams and other structures feasible, fish passage can provide valuable services to cities structures such as and communities, quite often they fish ladders or bypass form insurmountable barriers that keep channels have been native fish from reaching important constructed to allow natal spawning, feeding, and rearing fish to swim over or habitats. As a result, some populations around the dam to of native fish species (e.g. American reach critical upstream shad, alewife, and other river herring) habitat where they have been reduced or even eliminated can spawn. from these areas. Fish ladders Computer rendering of an operational fish ladder on the left. In fact, fish population studies connect flow upstream Reservoir with dam is in the background. show a deteriorating trend in of an impediment to Image courtesy of Alexey Sergeev populations such as American shad downstream waters. Fish ladders spawning anadromous fish would be and American eel in the Harbor typically consist of a sloping chute expected to ascend the river. Estuary. Because juvenile fish of these that is divided by weirs which create a For the Rahway River study, species are the prey of a variety of step-wise series of descending pools. a preliminary screening of design larger, adult fish species such as striped As water flows over each weir, fish alternatives indicated that two types bass, restoring their populations is ascend the ladder by swimming or of fish passage alternatives may be important to the entire Harbor Estuary jumping into successively higher pools feasible: a fish bypass design and a ecosystem. (see Page 6 for more information on steeppass ladder design. The full Many restoration efforts underway fish ladders). Fish have been observed study concluded that both proposed in the United States at this time gathering at the Rahway Water Supply fish passage alternatives are feasible focus on restoring fish migrations by Dam during the time frame in which and would meet the project’s fish passage goals while allowing the dam to operate in its current capacity. What Prevents Fish From HEP Funding Going Upstream? Funding for the Fish Passage Feasibility Study at the Rahway number of structural barriers and impediments can prevent fish from River Water Supply Dam was made entering streams or tributaries where they spawn, or in the case of the available through a Conceptual Habitat A American eel, where they mature. Here’s a quick rundown of some of Restoration Plan Grant offered through the structures that provide benefits to our communities but can keep fish from an open Request for Proposal (RFP) reproducing in their native waters. process by the Harbor Estuary Program Dams and spillways are used to contain water for drinking water reservoirs, and the Hudson River Foundation. for generating electricity, or to build lakes for parks or recreation. Most dams, The proposal submitted by Weston unless modified, are impassable by fish. Solutions, Inc. pledged matching in- Tide gates keep freshwater from mixing with salt water, which often kind services toward this project and creates freshwater lakes above the tide gates and salt water marshes below. The documented the support of the Rahway salt water marshes can contain rare marsh wildlife and habitats. Like dams, River Association and the cooperation tide gates are often impassable. of both the City of Rahway, NJ, Union Concrete channeling of stream beds is used to control flooding or change County, and United Water, Inc. the course of the stream to allow for density in urban or suburban areas. Concrete channels increase the volume and velocity of streams preventing fish from Rahway River finding resting spots on their upstream journey. Culverts typically consist of large pipes built under roads at stream Water Supply Dam crossings to move stream flow under the roadway and prevent flooding and The Rahway River, located washouts of roads. Culverts can prevent fish from passing in dry weather within the Harbor Estuary region, or low tide, and concentrate the flow and increase stream velocity during is home to several dams that have wet weather. precluded historical seasonal spawning Fish restoration efforts may not be feasible nor desirable for some migrations of native fishes. The impediments. Poor water quality or stream conditions may not allow for Rahway River drains a watershed of successful spawning even when impediments are overcome.
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