Ensete Ventricosum (E

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Ensete ventricosum (E. edule) Musaceae Indigenous age. FLOWERS: In large hanging heads Ag: Gangi 2–3 m long, the white flowers with 1 Am: Enset, Guna-guna, Koba petal protected by large dark red bracts, Eng: Wild banana Gr: Aset, Koba 5 stamens produce sticky pollen. FRUIT: Hd: Wesa Although the small yellow clusters look like Kf: Kocho normal bananas they are not edible. Each Km: Wese leathery fruit, about 9 cm long, contains Or: Koba, Weke, Wese, Worke Wt: Uta, Yecha many hard seeds, brown‑black to 2 cm long with only a thin layer of pulp. The whole Ecology plant dies down after fruiting. Like the common banana, this fleshy perennial which is tree‑like is a giant Propagation herb. Outside Ethiopia it also grows in Suckers are normally used, but seedlings Cameroon, the Sudan, East and Central can be raised too. Africa and south to South Africa. In Ethiopia, it grows in wet upland valleys and Seed ravines and along streams in the forests of Seed are contained in the finger‑like fruit lower mountain slopes, 1,000–2,700 m. In and freed on ripening. south‑central Ethiopia enset is extensively Treatment: No treatment required. cultivated for food up to 3,000 m in Moist and Wet Weyna Dega and Dega Management agroclimatic zones in nearly all regions. Fast growing. Uses Remarks Food (stems, rootstock), medicine (stem Ensete differs from Musa, the true banana, decoction), ornamental, soil conservation, in the terminal head of flowers, its large fibres (stem, leaf, midrib), thatch (leaves), seed and by dying after fruiting. The leaf beads (seeds). blades make a good durable thatch and the midrib a strong fibre for rope or sacking. Description A meal or flour is made from the pulp A leafy herb 6–12 m, swollen below, the inside the stem and rootstock. Pollination “false stem” formed by the leaf bases. is commonly brought about by bats LEAVES: Large leaves grow in spirals, each transferring the sticky pollen. one to 6 m long and 1 m wide, bright green with a thick pink‑red midrib and a short red stalk. The leaf blades tear with 234 | Useful Trees and Shrubs of Ethiopia The Species | 235.

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Ensete Ventricosum: a Multipurpose Crop Against Hunger in Ethiopia
Hindawi e Scientific World Journal Volume 2020, Article ID 6431849, 10 pages https://doi.org/10.1155/2020/6431849 Review Article Ensete ventricosum: A Multipurpose Crop against Hunger in Ethiopia Getahun Yemata Bahir Dar University, College of Science, Department of Biology, Mail-79, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia Correspondence should be addressed to Getahun Yemata; [email protected] Received 2 October 2019; Accepted 20 December 2019; Published 6 January 2020 Academic Editor: Tadashi Takamizo Copyright © 2020 Getahun Yemata. (is is an open access article distributed under the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited. Ensete ventricosum is a traditional multipurpose crop mainly used as a staple/co-staple food for over 20 million people in Ethiopia. Despite this, scientific information about the crop is scarce. (ree types of food, viz., Kocho (fermented product from scraped pseudostem and grated corm), Bulla (dehydrated juice), and Amicho (boiled corm) can be prepared from enset. (ese products are particularly rich in carbohydrates, minerals, fibres, and phenolics, but poor in proteins. Such meals are usually served with meat and cheese to supplement proteins. As a food crop, it has useful attributes such as foods can be stored for long time, grows in wide range of environments, produces high yield per unit area, and tolerates drought. It has an irreplaceable role as a feed for animals. Enset starch is found to have higher or comparable quality to potato and maize starch and widely used as a tablet binder and disintegrant and also in pharmaceutical gelling, drug loading, and release processes.
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Ensete Ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman]
73 Fruits (6), 342–348 | ISSN 0248-1294 print, 1625-967X online | https://doi.org/10.17660/th2018/73.6.4 | © ISHS 2018 Review article – Thematic Issue Traditional enset [Ensete ventricosum (Welw.) Cheesman] improvement sucker propagation methods and opportunities for crop Z. Yemataw , K. Tawle 3 1 1 2,a 1 , G. Blomme and K. Jacobsen 23 The Southern Agricultural Research Institute (SARI-Areka), Areka Agricultural Research Center, P.O. Box 79, Areka, Ethiopia Bioversity International, c/o ILRI, P.O. Box 5689, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia Royal Museum for Central Africa, Leuvensesteenweg 13, 3080 Tervuren, Belgium Summary Significance of this study Introduction – This review focuses on the enset What is already known on this subject? seed systems in Ethiopia and explores opportunities • to improve the system. Cultivated enset is predomi- nantly vegetatively propagated by farmers. Repro- Traditional macro-propagation methods, using entire duction of an enset plant from seed is seldom prac- scaperhizomes level. or rhizome pieces, currently suffice to pro- ticed by farmers and has been reported only from vide the needed enset suckers at farm, village or land- the highlands of Gardula. Seedlings arising from seed What are the new findings? are reported to be less vigorous than the suckers • e.g., obtained through vegetative propagation. Rhizomes when introducing a new enset cultivar or coping with from immature plants, between 2 and 6 years old, severeWhen larger disease quantities or pest impacts, of suckers improved/novel are needed, mi are preferred for the production of suckers. The aver- age number of suckers produced per rhizome ranges this review paper, could offer solutions.
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International Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences
www.iaard.net IAARD Journals eISSN:2456-009X International Journal of Agriculture And Veterinary Sciences IAARD-International Journal of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, 2017, 3(2),55-58 Seed Storage behavior of wild and cultivated enset (Enset Ventricosum) and conservation opportunity Seblework Belaineh Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute (EBI) P.O. Box 30726, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia ([email protected]),[email protected] ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. Abstract: Seed Storage behavior of wild and cultivated (Ensete ventricosum Welw. Cheesman) was not identified. Seeds are not the edible part of the plant. Belongs to species of the separate genus of the banana family. Variation within the species to altitude, soil and climate has allowed widespread cultivation in the Ethiopia. Genetic resources, is essential to the well-being of human kind, need to be conserved and utilized properly. Because of the urban development and road construction the wild relatives became very rare and therefore it is very vital to conserve wild and cultivated seeds in the gene bank. Most of the genetic diversity of enset is traditionally maintained in situ by farmers. The Ethiopian Biodiversity Institute (EBI) is responsible for the collection, conservation, & sustainable utilization of the country’s genetic recourses. To carry out this responsibility, the institute has been conserving genetic resources using both by in-situ and ex-situ conservation methods according to their national priority. The objective of this work was to determine the seed storage behavior of cultivated and wild enset & to mention conservation opportunities. Seeds of both wild and cultivated enset were collected and studied by using a standard protocol to determine seed storage behavior & identified as one of the orthodox seeds which can be conserved in the gene bank for long term conservation and sustainable utilization.
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Ensete Ventricosum) Production and Its
ISSN: 2224-0616 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 11(1): 17-25, June 2021 Available online at https://ijarit.webs.com DOI: https://doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v11i1.54462 https://www.banglajol.info/index.php/IJARIT What determines Enset (Ensete ventricosum) production and its contribution to household income? Empirical evidence from Ethiopia Ejigu Mulatu Received 7 February 2021, Revised 28 April 2021, Accepted 23 June 2021, Published online 30 June 2021 A B S T R A C T Enset production in Ethiopia is seemingly limited to only consumption-based production and most of producers supplied small amounts of products to the market. This study was conducted with main objective of assessing factors affecting market participation of enset producers in Chena district in southwestern Ethiopia. Two-stage sampling technique was employed to select 101 representative enset producer households. Both primary and secondary data sources were used to gather necessary data for attaining specific objectives of the study. Both descriptive statistics and econometric model were used to analyze the collected data. A Heckman two stage model was employed to analyze the factors affecting households’ decision in market participation in sale of enset products and the amount of gross income earned. Econometric model analysis result showed that; sex of household head, education level, livestock owned, a distance from nearest market center, enset plantation size, and transport access were found to be significant in affecting the probability of market participation decision. In addition, education level, family size, distance from market center, enset plantation, and transport access affected the amount of gross income earned from sale of different enset products.
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Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany Volume 22 | Issue 1 Article 49 2006 The volutE ionary and Biogeographic Origin and Diversification of the Tropical Monocot Order Zingiberales W. John Kress Smithsonian Institution Chelsea D. Specht Smithsonian Institution; University of California, Berkeley Follow this and additional works at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso Part of the Botany Commons Recommended Citation Kress, W. John and Specht, Chelsea D. (2006) "The vE olutionary and Biogeographic Origin and Diversification of the Tropical Monocot Order Zingiberales," Aliso: A Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Botany: Vol. 22: Iss. 1, Article 49. Available at: http://scholarship.claremont.edu/aliso/vol22/iss1/49 Zingiberales MONOCOTS Comparative Biology and Evolution Excluding Poales Aliso 22, pp. 621-632 © 2006, Rancho Santa Ana Botanic Garden THE EVOLUTIONARY AND BIOGEOGRAPHIC ORIGIN AND DIVERSIFICATION OF THE TROPICAL MONOCOT ORDER ZINGIBERALES W. JOHN KRESS 1 AND CHELSEA D. SPECHT2 Department of Botany, MRC-166, United States National Herbarium, National Museum of Natural History, Smithsonian Institution, PO Box 37012, Washington, D.C. 20013-7012, USA 1Corresponding author ([email protected]) ABSTRACT Zingiberales are a primarily tropical lineage of monocots. The current pantropical distribution of the order suggests an historical Gondwanan distribution, however the evolutionary history of the group has never been analyzed in a temporal context to test if the order is old enough to attribute its current distribution to vicariance mediated by the break-up of the supercontinent. Based on a phylogeny derived from morphological and molecular characters, we develop a hypothesis for the spatial and temporal evolution of Zingiberales using Dispersal-Vicariance Analysis (DIVA) combined with a local molecular clock technique that enables the simultaneous analysis of multiple gene loci with multiple calibration points.
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PEER-REVIEWED ARTICLE Lignocellulose Chemical and Morphological Analysis of Enset (Ensete Ventricosum) Fiber, Leaf, and Pseudo stem Hanna B. Lemma,a* Zebene Kiflie,a Sisay Feleke,b and Abubeker Yimama This work investigates the suitability of enset plant (Ensete Ventricosum) residues (fiber, leaf and inner part of pseudo stem) for use in paper pulp preparation through morphological, chemical, and FTIR analysis. The morphological analysis showed that the enset fiber have long fiber length (1.66 mm), tinny cell wall thickness (2.88 µm), large lumen diameter (25.87 µm) and thick fiber width (28.48 µm) compared to hard woods, agricultural residues, and bagasse. The runkel ratio of enset was found to be 0.223, indicating thin fiber walls, which are desirable for high quality paper production. The chemical analysis revealed that among the enset residues the fiber showed the highest cellulose (69.51%) and the smallest lignin (5.7%) contents while the leaf showed the smallest cellulose (37.96%) and the highest lignin (18.93%) contents. The leaf also showed highest extractive content (19.09%) compared to other enset residues. The difference in functional groups among enset residues was investigated using FTIR analysis. The high extractive and lignin content in enset leaf was associated with more intense band at 2920, 2850, 1734, and 1637 cm-1. The results show that enset residue can be promising raw material for pulp and paper industry. Keywords: Ensete ventricosum; Cellulose; lignin; Fiber dimensions; derived value; FTIR Contact information: a: School of Chemical and Bio Engineering, Addis Ababa Institute of Technology, Ethiopia; b: Ethiopian Environment and Forest Institute, Ethiopia; * Corresponding author; [email protected] INTRODUCTION Enset /Ensete ventricosum/ belongs to the order Scitamineae, the family Musaceae, and the genus Ensete.
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(Ensete Ventricosum Welw. Cheesman) and Its Relation to Household Food and Livelihood Security in South-Western Ethiopia
2001-0©-12 uiversny and conservation of enset (Ensete ventricosum Welw. Cheesman) and its relation to household food and livelihood security in South-western Ethiopia Almaz Negash STELLINGEN belonging to the thesis Diversity and Conservation ofEnset (Ensete ventricosum Welw. Cheesman) and its Relation to Household Food and Livelihood Security in South-western Ethiopia Almaz Negash, 26 September 2001 1. The conservation of crop genetic diversity entails the actual genetic diversity together with the existing traditional knowledge, which nurtured the crop (this thesis). 2. The issues constituting and surrounding the problems of food security may appear complex and intractable, but they are manageable, and soluble. We need only the will at the level of policy, a more assertive and a more committed role at the level of the professional and a more free and a more decisive participation at the level of the peasantry (Mesfin Wolde-Mariam, 1999). 3. Increased production and consumption of indigenous crops such as enset will increase food supplies and may also broaden the food base at both household and national level (this thesis). 4. Conservation becomes more sensible and effective when it is linked to the food security and livelihood systems of the local communities (this thesis). 5. The Ethiopian proverb "A home without a woman is like a barn without cattle" indicates an awareness about the important role of women both in the house and on the farm. 6. Hardly anywhere are target groups taken as equal partners on the basis of respect for then- knowledge, technology, world views and capability (Arte, 1992). 7. The diversity contained in indigenous agriculture at crop, field and regional level offers greater yield stability than does the less diverse industrial agriculture (Cleveland, 1993).
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