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Political Prisoners in South Africa: a Who's Who Political prisoners in South Africa: a who's who http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.nuun1975_12 Use of the Aluka digital library is subject to Aluka’s Terms and Conditions, available at http://www.aluka.org/page/about/termsConditions.jsp. By using Aluka, you agree that you have read and will abide by the Terms and Conditions. Among other things, the Terms and Conditions provide that the content in the Aluka digital library is only for personal, non-commercial use by authorized users of Aluka in connection with research, scholarship, and education. The content in the Aluka digital library is subject to copyright, with the exception of certain governmental works and very old materials that may be in the public domain under applicable law. Permission must be sought from Aluka and/or the applicable copyright holder in connection with any duplication or distribution of these materials where required by applicable law. Aluka is a not-for-profit initiative dedicated to creating and preserving a digital archive of materials about and from the developing world. For more information about Aluka, please see http://www.aluka.org Political prisoners in South Africa: a who's who Alternative title Notes and Documents - United Nations Centre Against ApartheidNo. 12/75 Author/Creator United Nations Centre against Apartheid Publisher Department of Political and Security Council Affairs Date 1975-04-00 Resource type Reports Language English Subject Coverage (spatial) South Africa Coverage (temporal) 1948 - 1975 Source Northwestern University Libraries Description This issue of Notes and Documents contains brief biographical data on persons imprisoned under the so-called security legislation of South Africa such as the Suppression of Communism Act, the Unlawful Organizations Act, the Sabotage Act and the Terrorism Act. The information is based on research of the Unit on Apartheid and on date received from various sources -particularly the South African liberation movements end the International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa. The list of prisoners is not exhaustive, however, as many trials are held in remote places and were not reported in the press; in some cases the names of the accused were not given. Format extent 38 page(s) (length/size) http://www.aluka.org/action/showMetadata?doi=10.5555/AL.SFF.DOCUMENT.nuun1975_12 http://www.aluka.org DOU ¥S 2 1975 Ar!194I DOU ¥S 2 1975 Ar!194I 12/75 OTES AND DOCUMASp'r . ,, Afrikcana, POLITICAL PRISONERS IN SOUTH AFRICA A Who's Who "These men and women are the genuine leaders of the great majority of the people oT' South Africa. They are in prison because they have had the courage to struggle for the legitimate aspirations of their people. They are the fighters for the principles enshrined in the United Nations Charter and the Universal Declaration on Human Rights." - From statement by the Special Committee against Apartheid, 17 August 1973 CNote: This issue of Notes and Documents contains brief biographica! data on persons imprisoned under the so.-called security legislation of South Africa) such as the Suppression of Communism Act, the Unlawful Organizations Act, the Sabotage Act tna the TernrismApt. The informotion is based on research of the Unit on Apartheid and on date received from various sources particularly the South African liberation movements and the International Defence and Aid Fund for Southern Africa. The list of prisoners is not exhadstive, however, as mahy trials ere held in remote places and are not reported in the press; in some cases the names of the accused were not given._7 75-08294 *All material In these notes ihd documents may be freely reprinted. Acknowledgeiment, together with a copy of the publicitlon containing the reprint, would be appreciated. INTRODUCTION "Apartheid is enough to turn any civilized human being into a political prisoner." - Poster by the Anti-Apartheid Movement, Great Britain In imposing racial discrimination against the vast majority of the population sf the country, the successive white minority Governments in South Africa have had to resort to s&ere repressive measures. The recent history of South Africa has been characterized by an escalation of resistance by the black people and other opponents of apartheid, and repression by the minority regime. When the Nationalist Party came to power in South Africa in 1948 and sought to implement its policy of apartheid, one of its first actions. was to enact the so- called Suppression of Communism Act under which the leaders of black organizations and other opponents of apartheid, including many non.- Communists, were persecuted. A number of other repressive laws were placed on the statute book in the succeeding years - notably the Public Safety Act and the Criminal Law Amendment Act of 1953 which were enacted to suppress the non- violent Campaign of Defiance against Unjust Laws launched by the black organizations, and the Riotous Assemblies Act of 1956. The repressive legislation has been greatly strengthened since the Sharpeville massacre of 1960. The Unlawful Organizations Act of 1960, the S botage Act of 1962, the "90-day law" of 1963, the "180-day law" of 1965, the Terrorism Act of 1967, the "BOSS" Act of 1969, the Gatherings and Demonstrations Act of 1973, the Affected Organizations Act of 1974 - to name but a few - have turned South Africa into a police state with an armoury of repressive legislation without parallel in the present-day world. Under this legislation, numerous persons have been arbitrarily restricted or imprisoned. The police are allowed to detain anyone indefinitely and hold him or her incommunicado numerous cases of torture and assault in prison, leading to the deaths of a number of detainees, have come to light. The South African regime claims that there are no "political prisoners" in South Africa, but only persons convicted under criminal laws. But it belies its claims by its specially cruel treatment of political prisoners who are denied remissions and paroles and access to news from outside. The black political prisoners are confined to harsh conditions on the Robben Island prison. The wives and children of many of the prisoners have themselves been served with banning orders. Even after release, the political prisoners have been restricted or deported to remote areas. The political prisoners include Africans, people of Indian origin and Coloured people, as well as sopie whit.!eq ho oppoee racismn a.'-ndsupport the .liberation struggle. They include people of different faiths and ideologies; workers, peasants, doctors, lawyers and writers; and an Irish trade unionist and an Australian trade unionist. Among them are many young persons subjected to harsh sentences, especially in 1963 64 when the white community was overtaken by panic at the resistance to apartheid. Many of them &re serving life sentences, and several have suffered constant persecution, ever since the advent of the Nationalist Party regime in.1948, for their totel .opposition to racism. The United Nations organs have condemned the. apartheid policy as a crime. They have denounced the South African repressive legislation as violating all the canons of justice. On th _-6t hahd, they have-expressed their concern over the fate of the political prisoners who had been perpecuted for opposing racism and upholding the principles of the United Nations Charter and the Universal Declaration on Human Rights. As the Special Committee' against p heid declared in an appeal to governments and peoples on 21 March 1975:' "The international community, f6r its part, cannot but uphold the cause of the men and women who have been .tubjected to persecution because of their struggle to live in freedom and equality in their country." The Special Committee has been requested by the General Assembly of the United Nations to encourage and promote a co-ordinated international campaign for the release .of political prisoners in South Africa, as.well as those subjected to restrictions for their opposition to apartheid. This publication is one of a aler es beipg issued by the Unit on Apartheid, at the request of the Special Committee, to promote this campaign. Some of the previous publications of the Unit concerning political prisoners and repression are listed below: 8/69 Trial and sentencing of Africans in Pietermaritzburg under Terrorism Act 19/69 South Africa's finest citizens, by Mary Benson 2/70 Trial of 22 Africans for. activities of African National Congress; an African sentenced to seven years under Terrorism Act; 3/72 Robert Mangaliso Sobukwe 17/73 Australian and Irish trade unionists jailed under Terrorism Act: Special Committee condemns trial of "Pretoria Sixt' 8/74 Rivonia -- ten years after 34/74 Arrests, detention and trials of black leaders in South Africa 8/75 Bram Fischer - an Afrikaner against apartheid: statement from * the dock In addition, two special issues, entitled Luthuli and Bram Fischer - an Afrikaner against apartheid, were published in May and June 1970. ANTHONY, Frank Born around 1940. High school teacher in Cape Town. Detained under the Terrorism Act for 6 months in 1971 before being brought to trial in Pietermaritzburg with 13 other members of the Unity Movement on a charge of conspiracy to overthrow the Government. Sentenced in 1972 to 6 years' imprisonment. Married and the father of two children, aged 7 and 3. APRIL, James Born about 1940. Sentenced under the Terrorism Act to 15 years' imprisonment in Pietermaritzburg in May 1970. Part of the State's case against him rested on testimony of a secret witness. In his statement from the dock, Mr. April said that he believed that he did the right thing and that he was prepared to face the consequences of his actions, no matter how stiff the penalties might be. In passing judgment on him, the presiding judge said that he could understand that hundreds of thousands of Coloured people in the Republic felt a sense of frustration because they had lost their right to vote but that he could not condone subversion.
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