Software Conceptual Integrity: Deconstruction, Then Reconstruction
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An Array-Oriented Language with Static Rank Polymorphism
An array-oriented language with static rank polymorphism Justin Slepak, Olin Shivers, and Panagiotis Manolios Northeastern University fjrslepak,shivers,[email protected] Abstract. The array-computational model pioneered by Iverson's lan- guages APL and J offers a simple and expressive solution to the \von Neumann bottleneck." It includes a form of rank, or dimensional, poly- morphism, which renders much of a program's control structure im- plicit by lifting base operators to higher-dimensional array structures. We present the first formal semantics for this model, along with the first static type system that captures the full power of the core language. The formal dynamic semantics of our core language, Remora, illuminates several of the murkier corners of the model. This allows us to resolve some of the model's ad hoc elements in more general, regular ways. Among these, we can generalise the model from SIMD to MIMD computations, by extending the semantics to permit functions to be lifted to higher- dimensional arrays in the same way as their arguments. Our static semantics, a dependent type system of carefully restricted power, is capable of describing array computations whose dimensions cannot be determined statically. The type-checking problem is decidable and the type system is accompanied by the usual soundness theorems. Our type system's principal contribution is that it serves to extract the implicit control structure that provides so much of the language's expres- sive power, making this structure explicitly apparent at compile time. 1 The Promise of Rank Polymorphism Behind every interesting programming language is an interesting model of com- putation. -
Compendium of Technical White Papers
COMPENDIUM OF TECHNICAL WHITE PAPERS Compendium of Technical White Papers from Kx Technical Whitepaper Contents Machine Learning 1. Machine Learning in kdb+: kNN classification and pattern recognition with q ................................ 2 2. An Introduction to Neural Networks with kdb+ .......................................................................... 16 Development Insight 3. Compression in kdb+ ................................................................................................................. 36 4. Kdb+ and Websockets ............................................................................................................... 52 5. C API for kdb+ ............................................................................................................................ 76 6. Efficient Use of Adverbs ........................................................................................................... 112 Optimization Techniques 7. Multi-threading in kdb+: Performance Optimizations and Use Cases ......................................... 134 8. Kdb+ tick Profiling for Throughput Optimization ....................................................................... 152 9. Columnar Database and Query Optimization ............................................................................ 166 Solutions 10. Multi-Partitioned kdb+ Databases: An Equity Options Case Study ............................................. 192 11. Surveillance Technologies to Effectively Monitor Algo and High Frequency Trading .................. -
Fashion Designers' Decision-Making Process
Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Graduate Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 2013 Fashion designers' decision-making process: The influence of cultural values and personal experience in the creative design process Ja-Young Hwang Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd Part of the Art and Design Commons Recommended Citation Hwang, Ja-Young, "Fashion designers' decision-making process: The influence of cultural values and personal experience in the creative design process" (2013). Graduate Theses and Dissertations. 13638. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/etd/13638 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Graduate Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. Fashion designers’ decision-making process: The influence of cultural values and personal experience in the creative design process by Ja -Young Hwang A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Major: Apparel, Merchandising, and Design Program of Study Committee: Mary Lynn Damhorst, Co-Major Professor Eulanda Sanders, Co-Major Professor Sara B. Marcketti Cindy Gould Barbara Caldwell Iowa State University Ames, Iowa 2013 Copyright © Ja Young Hwang, 2013. All rights -
Theoretically Comparing Design Thinking to Design Methods for Large- Scale Infrastructure Systems
The Fifth International Conference on Design Creativity (ICDC2018) Bath, UK, January 31st – February 2nd 2018 THEORETICALLY COMPARING DESIGN THINKING TO DESIGN METHODS FOR LARGE- SCALE INFRASTRUCTURE SYSTEMS M.A. Guerra1 and T. Shealy1 1Civil Engineering, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, USA Abstract: Design of new and re-design of existing infrastructure systems will require creative ways of thinking in order to meet increasingly high demand for services. Both the theory and practice of design thinking helps to exploit opposing ideas for creativity, and also provides an approach to balance stakeholder needs, technical feasibility, and resource constraints. This study compares the intent and function of five current design strategies for infrastructure with the theory and practice of design thinking. The evidence suggests the function and purpose of the later phases of design thinking, prototyping and testing, are missing from current design strategies for infrastructure. This is a critical oversight in design because designers gain much needed information about the performance of the system amid user behaviour. Those who design infrastructure need to explore new ways to incorporate feedback mechanisms gained from prototyping and testing. The use of physical prototypes for infrastructure may not be feasible due to scale and complexity. Future research should explore the use of prototyping and testing, in particular, how virtual prototypes could substitute the experience of real world installments and how this influences design cognition among designers and stakeholders. Keywords: Design thinking, design of infrastructure systems 1. Introduction Infrastructure systems account for the vast majority of energy use and associated carbon emissions in the United States (US EPA, 2014). -
Application and Interpretation
Programming Languages: Application and Interpretation Shriram Krishnamurthi Brown University Copyright c 2003, Shriram Krishnamurthi This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 United States License. If you create a derivative work, please include the version information below in your attribution. This book is available free-of-cost from the author’s Web site. This version was generated on 2007-04-26. ii Preface The book is the textbook for the programming languages course at Brown University, which is taken pri- marily by third and fourth year undergraduates and beginning graduate (both MS and PhD) students. It seems very accessible to smart second year students too, and indeed those are some of my most successful students. The book has been used at over a dozen other universities as a primary or secondary text. The book’s material is worth one undergraduate course worth of credit. This book is the fruit of a vision for teaching programming languages by integrating the “two cultures” that have evolved in its pedagogy. One culture is based on interpreters, while the other emphasizes a survey of languages. Each approach has significant advantages but also huge drawbacks. The interpreter method writes programs to learn concepts, and has its heart the fundamental belief that by teaching the computer to execute a concept we more thoroughly learn it ourselves. While this reasoning is internally consistent, it fails to recognize that understanding definitions does not imply we understand consequences of those definitions. For instance, the difference between strict and lazy evaluation, or between static and dynamic scope, is only a few lines of interpreter code, but the consequences of these choices is enormous. -
Handout 16: J Dictionary
J Dictionary Roger K.W. Hui Kenneth E. Iverson Copyright © 1991-2002 Jsoftware Inc. All Rights Reserved. Last updated: 2002-09-10 www.jsoftware.com . Table of Contents 1 Introduction 2 Mnemonics 3 Ambivalence 4 Verbs and Adverbs 5 Punctuation 6 Forks 7 Programs 8 Bond Conjunction 9 Atop Conjunction 10 Vocabulary 11 Housekeeping 12 Power and Inverse 13 Reading and Writing 14 Format 15 Partitions 16 Defined Adverbs 17 Word Formation 18 Names and Displays 19 Explicit Definition 20 Tacit Equivalents 21 Rank 22 Gerund and Agenda 23 Recursion 24 Iteration 25 Trains 26 Permutations 27 Linear Functions 28 Obverse and Under 29 Identity Functions and Neutrals 30 Secondaries 31 Sample Topics 32 Spelling 33 Alphabet and Numbers 34 Grammar 35 Function Tables 36 Bordering a Table 37 Tables (Letter Frequency) 38 Tables 39 Classification 40 Disjoint Classification (Graphs) 41 Classification I 42 Classification II 43 Sorting 44 Compositions I 45 Compositions II 46 Junctions 47 Partitions I 48 Partitions II 49 Geometry 50 Symbolic Functions 51 Directed Graphs 52 Closure 53 Distance 54 Polynomials 55 Polynomials (Continued) 56 Polynomials in Terms of Roots 57 Polynomial Roots I 58 Polynomial Roots II 59 Polynomials: Stopes 60 Dictionary 61 I. Alphabet and Words 62 II. Grammar 63 A. Nouns 64 B. Verbs 65 C. Adverbs and Conjunctions 66 D. Comparatives 67 E. Parsing and Execution 68 F. Trains 69 G. Extended and Rational Arithmeti 70 H. Frets and Scripts 71 I. Locatives 72 J. Errors and Suspensions 73 III. Definitions 74 Vocabulary 75 = Self-Classify - Equal 76 =. Is (Local) 77 < Box - Less Than 78 <. -
PDF (Dissertation.Pdf)
Kind Theory Thesis by Joseph R. Kiniry In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy California Institute of Technology Pasadena, California 2002 (Defended 10 May 2002) ii © 2002 Joseph R. Kiniry All Rights Reserved iii Preface This thesis describes a theory for representing, manipulating, and reasoning about structured pieces of knowledge in open collaborative systems. The theory's design is motivated by both its general model as well as its target user commu- nity. Its model is structured information, with emphasis on classification, relative structure, equivalence, and interpretation. Its user community is meant to be non-mathematicians and non-computer scientists that might use the theory via computational tool support once inte- grated with modern design and development tools. This thesis discusses a new logic called kind theory that meets these challenges. The core of the work is based in logic, type theory, and universal algebras. The theory is shown to be efficiently implementable, and several parts of a full realization have already been constructed and are reviewed. Additionally, several software engineering concepts, tools, and technologies have been con- structed that take advantage of this theoretical framework. These constructs are discussed as well, from the perspectives of general software engineering and applied formal methods. iv Acknowledgements I am grateful to my initial primary adviser, Prof. K. Mani Chandy, for bringing me to Caltech and his willingness to let me explore many unfamiliar research fields of my own choosing. I am also appreciative of my second adviser, Prof. Jason Hickey, for his support, encouragement, feedback, and patience through the later years of my work. -
Theory and Educational Strategy
40th International Conference on Environmental Systems AIAA 2010-6174 Space Architecture – Theory and Educational Strategy Ondrej DouleI International Space University (ISU), Illkirch-Graffenstaden, 67400, France Czech Technical University, Faculty of Architecture (CTU FA), Prague, 16634, Czech Republic This paper proposes a strategy for Space Architecture education based on joint research performed at the International Space University (ISU) in Strasbourg and at the Faculty of Architecture of the Czech Technical University (CTU FA) in Prague. The proposed strategy arranges a Space Architecture curriculum according to the Universal Architecture theory i.e. connecting space and terrestrial architecture disciplines for the benefit of both. Nomenclature CAD = Computer Aided Design CTU FA = Czech Technical University Faculty of Architecture CRM = Crew Resource Management ECLSS = Environmental Control and Life Support System EDL = Entry Descent Landing HMI = Human Machine Interface ISRU = In Situ Resource Utilization ISU = International Space University LEED = Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design SA = Space Architecture SICSA = Sasakawa International Center for Space Architecture UA = Universal Architecture I. Introduction ecent research on human workforce in the space industry identified a demand for specific soft skills which are R inherent in the architecture profession (see Appendix I.). A worldwide survey on Space Architecture (see Appendix II.) was started in April 2009 and over a period of 3 months data was collected from an -
Philosophy of Design: a Meta- Theoretical Structure for Design Theory
Philosophy of design: a meta- theoretical structure for design theory Terence Love, Praxis Education, 21 Spiers Rd, Quinns Rocks, Western Australia This paper focuses on the structure and dynamic of theory in design research. Problems with existing theory are explored, and a new meta- theoretical method is suggested for assisting the critical analysis, comparison and formulation of design theories and concepts. This meta- theoretical method contributes to building a simplifying paradigm of design research by providing a means to clarify the existing state of design theory in the field, to assist with the establishment of coherence and compatibility between concepts in disparate theories, to validate theory and concepts, and to uncover ‘hidden’ aspects of design theories. 2000 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved Keywords: philosophy of design, design theory, epistemology, ontology, design philosophy his paper is a contribution to the study of Philosophy of Design. In it, a critical overview is taken of the structure and dynamic of Tdesign theory. This overview leads to a method to assist with the critical analysis of design theories and their associated concepts. If we consider ‘design theory’ as an artefact to be designed, this paper’s role is in the part of the design process often called ‘problem analysis’. Under- pinning what is presented in this paper is an assumption that the act of designing by human agents is central to the academic study of design. This theoretical standpoint, that what is described as design always implicates humans, together with the understanding that any theories, theorising or theory interpretation has meaning only in a human context, is the basis for the analyses presented below. -
Book Review: the Philosophy of Design by Glenn Parsons
blogs.lse.ac.uk http://blogs.lse.ac.uk/lsereviewofbooks/2016/04/27/book-review-the-philosophy-of-design-by-glenn-parsons/ Book Review: The Philosophy of Design by Glenn Parsons In The Philosophy of Design, Glenn Parsons provides a well-structured discussion of the philosophy of design, drawing upon his extensive work on beauty, aesthetics and nature. The book shows design as a valid and important area of philosophical inquiry, covering a range of social, epistemological and ethical issues. Mona Sloane finds this an essential read for anyone looking for an engaging and accessible mapping of existing philosophical scholarship on design. The Philosophy of Design. Glenn Parsons. Polity. 2015. In recent years, the term ‘design’ has attracted increasing attention among academics and practitioners alike. While new sub-disciplines such as ‘design anthropology’ and ‘innovation design’ have emerged on the scholarly horizon, paradigms like ‘design thinking’ continue to conquer the business world. However, despite this growing presence of ‘design’ as both a mode of practice and scholarly focus, there has been little philosophical investigation and commentary on the phenomenon. The single-authored book, The Philosophy of Design, by Glenn Parsons, Associate Professor in Philosophy at Ryerson University, Toronto, sets out to change that. It provides a well-structured discussion of the term ‘design’ from a philosophical standpoint, rooted in Parsons’s extensive work on beauty, aesthetics and nature. It aims to demonstrate the significance of design as a relevant area of philosophical inquiry and therefore to map out the philosophical issues and questions that arise from contemporary design practice. The book consists of seven chapters, starting with a brief introduction and ending with an epilogue (including a quite helpful page on suggested further reading). -
Theory and Design in the First Digital
Theory and design in the first digital age Rivka Oxman, Faculty of Architecture and Town Planning Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel Digital design and its growing impact on design and production practices have resulted in the need for a re-examination of current design theories and methodologies in order to explain and guide future research and development. The present research postulates the requirements for a conceptual framework and theoretical basis of digital design; reviews the recent theoretical and historical background; and defines a generic schema of design characteristics through which the paradigmatic classes of digital design are formulated. The implication of this research for the formulation of ‘digital design thinking’ is presented and discussed. Ó 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: digital design, design theory, design methodology, design thinking he evolution of digital design as a unique field of design endeavor, motivated by its own body of theoretical sources, promulgated by Ta culture of discourse, supported by new technologies, and pro- ducing unique classes of designs is a phenomenon that has been rapidly crystallizing in the past decade. Among the significances of digital design for the design theoretical community is the way that this form of highly mediated design is beginning to evolve unique design methodologies, unique forms of design interaction and unique formal content. Due to the large body of diverse publication that has accompanied these devel- opments the problem of encompassing the intellectual domain of digital design culture is, in itself, a difficult mandate. Beyond this problem of diversity, there are other, more theoretical, challenges to our interpreta- tion and understanding of digital design. -
A Science-Based Approach to Product Design Theory Part II: Formulation of Design Requirements and Products Y
Robotics and Computer Integrated Manufacturing 15 (1999) 341}352 A science-based approach to product design theory Part II: formulation of design requirements and products Y. Zeng, P. Gu* Department of Mechanical and Manufacturing Engineering, The University of Calgary, 2500 University Drive, Calgary, Canada, AB T2N 2N4 Abstract The Design Process begins with design requirements and ends with product descriptions. The design requirements include both structural and performance aspects. The product descriptions deal with the structural aspect of the design requirements while the product performances describe the performance aspect of design requirements. In this part of the paper, a set theory-based representation scheme is proposed to represent design objects in the design process, including design requirements, product descriptions, and product performances. This representation scheme can represent the design objects that evolve in dynamic design processes. The entire mathematical scheme is de"ned based on structural and behavioral properties. Within one uniform scheme, the design objects are represented at di!erent levels of complexity and abstraction. Several examples are included to explain the scheme and its mathematical formulations. The proposed scheme can be used for science-based studies of product design. ( 1999 Elsevier Science Ltd. All rights reserved. Keywords: Design requirement; Design description; Product performance; Complexity; Abstraction; Set theory 1. Introduction motivations for this kind of research are many. One of the most important comes from the development of Design is a basic human activity. During a long period, computer-aided design systems. Better design support design had been considered as an &art' which was taught systems can only come after better design theories are through a &master}student' model.