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Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo LI: Ooia Revised, Including a Reconsideration of Ooia Grabowskii

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Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo LI: Ooia Revised, Including a Reconsideration of Ooia Grabowskii J. Jpn. Bot. 91 Suppl.: 138–167 (2016) Studies on Schismatoglottideae (Araceae) of Borneo LI: Ooia Revised, Including a Reconsideration of Ooia grabowskii a,b, c Sin Yeng WONG * and Peter C. BOYCE aDepartment of Plant Science & Environmental Ecology, Faculty of Resource Science & Technology, Universiti Malaysia Sarawak, 94300, Kota Samarahan, Sarawak, MALAYSIA; bAssociate of the Harvard University Herbaria, 22 Divinity Avenue, Cambridge, MA 02138, U.S.A.; cLudwig-Maximilians-Universität München, Department Biologie I, Systematische Botanik und Mykologie, 67, Menzinger Straße, München, 80638 GERMANY *Corresponding author: [email protected] (Accepted on March 5, 2016) Recollection of Ooia grabowskii at the Type locality in Kalimantan Selatan, Indonesian Borneo, has revealed the name to have been comprehensively misapplied to five taxonomically new Bornean Ooia species, here described as: Ooia altar S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce, sp. nov., O. basalticola S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce, sp. nov., O. glans S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce, sp. nov., O. secta S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce, sp. nov., and O. suavis S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce, sp. nov. Ooia grabowskii is endemic to the southern portion of the Meratus Mountains, Kalimantan Selatan. Clarification of O. grabowskii additionally reveals Rhynchopyle havilandii Engl. [≡ Piptospatha havilandii (Engl.) Engl.; Schismatoglottis havilandii (Engl.) M. Hotta], until now treated as a heterotypic synonym of O. grabowskii, to be a distinct species of Ooia: the combination Ooia havilandii (Engl.) S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce, comb. nov. is made. Newly observed spathe senescence mechanics of O. grabowskii and O. basalticola are strikingly in agreement with those of Piptospatha manduensis Bogner & A. Hay. Combined with the highly atypical (for Piptospatha) fragrant inflorescences, pubescent staminate flowers, and deciduous non-pistillate flowers, and typical (for Ooia) creeping/rooting stems and pendulous infructescences occurring in P. manuduensis prompts removal of P. manduensis from Piptospatha and incorporation into Ooia – the combination Ooia manduensis (Bogner & A. Hay) S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce, comb. nov. is made. These novelties and transfers, taken together with pre-existing species, brings Ooia to 10 species. All species are illustrated from living plants, with Ooia grabowskii additionally figured from the Berlin Holotype, and from Engler’s Araceae Exsiccatae et Illustratae No. 196. An identification key to all described Ooia species is provided. Key words: Brunei, geological obligation, Kalimantan, rheophytes, Sabah, Sarawak. Ooia S. Y. Wong & P. C. Boyce (Boyce and cushion (Fig. 7H), a spathe completely persistent Wong 2013, 2015, Boyce et al. 2010, Wong and to persistent more than half its length, with Boyce 2010, 2013) is monophyletic, defined the persistent portion ovoid-subcylindric to by a persistent spadix axis, deciduous flowers, fusiform–funnelform, and never flaring, and (in with pistillate flowers inserted on a conspicuous most species) production of copious plantlets —138— December 2016 Wong & Boyce: Ooia of Borneo 139 from the finer roots. All but three species have root-initiated plantlets have overall smaller pendulous infructescences. measurements. Establishing Ooia, Wong and Boyce (2010) In verifying geological associations we have followed Bogner and Hay (2000) considering been much assisted by the excellent geological Ooia grabowskii (≡ Piptospatha grabowskii map of Tate (2001). (Engl.) Engl. sensu Bogner and Hay 2000) as a morphologically broadly circumscribed and Key to the species of Ooia widespread species. Subsequent fieldwork 1. Infrapistillar pistillodes reduced to a single correlating morphological characteristics row at base of spadix ................................... 2 with population distributions, geologies, the – Infrapistillar pistillodes in several rows at base separation of species by discrete mountain of spadix ....................................................... 3 blocks and drainage systems, and in particular 2. Infructescences erect; pistillodes absent; re-collection of O. grabowskii at its Type pistillate flowers laxly arranged, white. locality in Kalimantan Selatan, has shown this Sabah, Brunei ..................... O. kinabaluensis approach to be in error. We now consider Ooia – Infructescences pendent; pistillodes present grabowskii sensu Wong and Boyce (2010) to as a single row at base of pistillate zone; be a heterogeneous assemblage of species, the pistillate flowers densely arranged, medium greater part of which represents geographically pink. Kalimantan Utara .................. O. paxilla restricted, geologically obligated taxonomic 3. Infructescences erect. Gunung Nuit, NW novelties. Kalimantan Barat, basalts ...... O. basalticola With two exceptions (O. altar and O. – Infructescences pendulous ........................... 4 manduensis) Ooia species are remarkably 4. Infrapistillar pistillodes glossy white; uniform in overall appearance, the more so staminate flower zone exceeding width of when prepared into conventional herbarium pistillate flower zone. NW & SW Sarawak, specimens (see Boyce and Wong (2012) and sandstone .......................................... O. glans Wong and Boyce (2014) for a critique on – Infrapistillar pistillodes never glossy white; obstacles to correct interpretation presented by staminate flower zone equalling or narrower herbarium specimens of rheophytic aroids). than width of pistillate flower zone ............ 5 Ooia species exacerbate this by spathes being 5. Fruiting spathe with upper portion rotting- not only outwardly highly similar, but also deciduous to leave a shortly funnelform entirely obscuring the spadix upon which the lower portion ................................................ 6 majority of characteristic morphologies occur – Fruiting spathe fully persistent, or only making observation of such characteristics, even extreme upper margins rotting .................... 7 in well-prepared collections, very troublesome. 6. Diminutive creeping plants with much- Furthermore, all critical spadix characteristics branched rhizomes; leaf blades elliptic, are lost post-anthesis. Consequently observation 4–6 cm long × 2–3 cm wide; infrapistillar (Fig. 13) of living plants, in the field and over staminodes glossy deep yellow, somewhat a period of several flowering episodes, such as lax; inflorescences fragrant of isoamyl can be enabled by access to a well-documented acetate. Kalimantan Timur, travertines ......... living collection, is critically important to ..................................................O. manduensis the understanding of Ooia (and indeed to all – Large erect plants with little-branched aroids). It is by these methods that the taxonomy rhizomes; leaf blades narrowly elliptic to presented here has been arrived at. narrowly lanceolate, very slightly falcate, Dimensions used in descriptions are derived 15–22 cm long × 5–6 cm wide; infrapistillar from fertile (i.e., mature) plants. Seedlings and staminodes dirty pale cream, congested; 140 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 91 Centennial Memorial Issue inflorescences fragrant of cold cream. active tips with conspicuous gel cap, finer foots Kalimantan Selatan, granite and andesite ..... usually producing large numbers of plantlets. ................................................... O. grabowskii Leaves several together at each active shoot tip; 7. Stigmas domed, bead-like; inflorescences petiole well-defined, sheathing only at base, fragrant of methyl salicylate. NW Schwaner wings of sheath extended into a conspicuous Mountains, Kalimantan Barat, granites ........ soon-deliquescing narrowly triangular ligular ..............................................................O. altar portion; blade softly coriaceous, narrowly to – Stigmas flat, rhomboidal in outline; broadly elliptic, plain or (in some species) inflorescences not smelling of methyl variously blotched paler and darker green, apex salicylate ....................................................... 8 tubular-apiculate; midrib prominent; primary 8. Pistillate flower zone accounting for half lateral veins conspicuous; interprimaries much spadix length; inflorescences strongly finer; tertiary venation obscure. Inflorescences fragrant of benzaldehyde (almond oil). solitary, most species fragrant at anthesis; Kanowit, Sarikei and western Song peduncle erect or rarely pendent at anthesis, (Sarawak), shales .............................. O. secta exceeding petioles. Spathe funnel-form, terminal – Pistillate flower zone accounting for one third third inflated and hooded, beaked apically and spadix length; inflorescences not smelling of with few to rather many thick raised ridges benzaldehyde ............................................... 9 internally, especially near the opening, spathe 9. Spathe exterior conspicuously striped deep entirely to ca. half its length persistent into reddish pink; infrapistillar pistillodes glossy fruiting, spathe interior with several thickened deep yellow; scattered pistillodes separating raised ribs. Spadix subcylindric to slightly pistillate and staminate flower zones; clavate, sessile or shortly stipitate, fertile to tip, inflorescences fragrant of methyl cinnamate. axis persistent beyond fruit dispersal; stipe adnate Kalimantan Tengah, unspecified volcanics ... to dorsal side of spathe; flowers unisexual, ............................................................O. suavis deciduous from spadix axis; pistillate flower – Spathe concolorous, mostly medium bright
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