Online ISSN: 2236-1057

A review of marine mammal records of Cuba

†,* ‡ A r t i c l e I n f o Amy D. Whitt , Thomas A. Jefferson , Miriam Blanco§, Dagmar Fertl¶ and Deanna Rees# Manuscript type Review † Article history Geo-Marine, Inc., 2201 K. Avenue, Suite A2, Plano, TX 75074, USA ‡Clymene Enterprises, 13037 Yerba Valley Way, Lakeside, CA 92040, USA Received 06 January 2012 §Acuario Nacional de Cuba, Avenida 1ra y 60, Playa, CP 11300, Habana, Received in revised form 16 March 2012 Cuba Accepted 02 April 2012 ¶Ziphius EcoServices, 8112 Springmoss Drive, Plano, TX 75025, USA Available online 27 January 2014 #Naval Facilities Engineering Command, Atlantic Division, 6506 Hampton Keywords: Caribbean Sea, Cuban EEZ, occurrence, Boulevard, Norfolk, VA 23508-1278, USA distribution, cetacean, pinniped, sirenian *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Responsible Editor: Daniel M. Palacios Citation: Whitt, A.D., Jefferson, T.A., Blanco, M., Fertl, D., and Rees, D. (2011) A review of marine mammal records of Cuba. Latin American Journal of Aquatic Mammals 9(2): 65-122. http://dx.doi.org/10.5597/lajam00175

Abstract: There has been very little research on marine mammals in Cuban waters. Much of the information on marine mammals in this region is buried in historical and gray literature. In order to provide a comprehensive account of marine mammal occurrence in Cuba’s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ), we reviewed and verified 659 published and unpublished sighting, stranding, capture, and tagging records. Eighteen extant species and four genera have confirmed records for Cuban EEZ waters. This includes 17 species of cetaceans (three baleen whales and 14 toothed whales) and one sirenian species. An additional 11 cetacean species and one extant pinniped species have been reported, but not confirmed, or may have the potential to occur in Cuban waters. Historical records of the Caribbean monk seal (Monachus tropicalis) are documented in Cuba; however, this species is now considered extinct. The only two species that are seen regularly and considered common in Cuban nearshore waters are the common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) and the West Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus).

Resumen: No hay mucha investigación sobre el tema de los mamíferos marinos en aguas cubanas. La mayoría de la información se encuentra enterrada en la literatura histórica y gris. A fin de proporcionar un informe completo de la presencia de mamíferos marinos en la Zona Económica Exclusiva (ZEE) de Cuba, hemos revisado y verificado 659 registros publicados y no publicados de avistamientos, varamientos, capturas y marcajes. Dieciocho especies existentes y cuatro géneros tienen registros confirmados para las aguas de la ZEE cubana. Esto incluye 17 especies de cetáceos (tres ballenas barbadas y 14 odontocetos) y una especie de sirenio. También se han reportado sin confirmar, o tienen el potencial de presentarse en aguas cubanas, 11 especies de cetáceos y una especie de pinnípedo. Existen registros históricos de la foca monje del Caribe (Monachus tropicalis) en Cuba, sin embargo esta especie se considera extinta. Las únicas dos especies que se ven regularmente y se consideran comunes en las aguas costeras de Cuba son el tursión (Tursiops truncatus) y el manatí antillano (Trichechus manatus).

65 Introduccion mammals of Cuba, we reviewed all available records of Marine mammal occurrence is not well documented for marine mammals in Cuba’s EEZ waters. This paper includes Cuban waters. Although historical accounts are summarized a summary of 659 available records through December 2008 in the older literature (e.g. Cuní, 1918; Aguayo, 1954), no and recommendations for future research efforts. recent comprehensive account of marine mammals of Cuba exists. Most records are based on historical accounts and gray Materials and Methods literature; therefore, verification of records is often difficult. Study Area Very few surveys of marine mammals have been conducted in The Study Area consists of the EEZ waters surrounding this region of the Caribbean Sea. Most of what is known about the mainland of Cuba and an archipelago of more than 3,000 marine mammals in Cuban waters comes from stranding and/ small islands or keys (GDAIS 2004) (Figure 1). Cuba is or capture information from local fishermen. Although these surrounded by deep basins and trenches of the Caribbean Sea, types of records are useful for identifying species presence, they Gulf of Mexico, the Straits of Florida, and The Bahamas e.g.( do not provide adequate information on species abundance Old Bahama Channel, Windward Passage, Yucatán Channel, and distribution which can be estimated from systematic and Cayman Trench) (Figure 1). The Cuban platform can surveys. Abundance information is particularly important for be divided into four wide-shelf areas, two on the north side determining population trends. One species that is known (Sabana-Camagüey and Los Colorados Archipelagos) and two to have undergone a decline in Cuban waters is the West on the south side (Golfo de Batabanó and the area including Indian manatee (Trichechus manatus). The Cuban manatee Golfo de Ana María and Golfo de Guacanayabo). These population decreased dramatically in the late 1800s due to a wide-shelf areas are separated by narrow shelves (Claro et al., targeted fishery (Cuní, 1918). Captures of manatees are now 2002). Cuba has extensive seagrass beds within the coastline’s prohibited in Cuba. However, Cuba maintains a direct live- substantial shelf and shallow waters. Where the insular shelf capture fishery for common bottlenose dolphins Tursiops( is narrow, deep waters are found within a few kilometers (km) truncatus) via annual quotas which are assigned to dolphinaria of land. of various countries within the regulations established by Cuban waters are directly influenced by the Loop, Yucatán, the Convention on the International Trade in Endangered and Florida Currents. Circulation patterns off northwestern Species of Wild Flora and Fauna (CITES) (Espinosa and Cuba are highly dependent on prevailing winds due to the Orta 2007). To provide a comprehensive account of marine shallow depths, while circulation off the north-central coast

Figure 1. The Study Area which includes waters of the Cuban EEZ.

66 is determined mainly by tidal currents. The southern coast and volunteers from 1999 through 2003 on an irregular of Cuba is influenced by a diverse system of eddies (Claro et basis (approximately five times per year). These surveys al., 2002). were completed using the protocols described in Roca and Sedaghatkish (1998) and the GTMO (1996) for manatees3. Sources of Data Survey and opportunistic data collected at GTMO between We collected and assessed all available published and July 1996 and January 2008 are included in this paper. unpublished sighting, stranding, capture (including direct National Marine Fisheries Service (NMFS)—The NMFS- captures and bycatch records), and tagging records for marine Southeast Fisheries Science Center (SEFSC) Pelagic Observer mammals in Cuban EEZ waters through December 2008. Program (POP), which monitors the mobile U.S. pelagic In some cases, species’ records were only available for waters longline fleet, has collected marine mammal bycatch data directly outside of the EEZ. To provide the most complete for the east coast of Cuba. Most of these records are of account of each species, we discuss records in the near vicinity unidentified cetacean species (e.g. Garrison and Richards, of the Cuban EEZ; however, these records are not included in 2004; NMFS-SEFSC 2004). Several NMFS survey vessels the figures or appendix. Records located on the border of the have transited Cuban waters while en route to other areas of EEZ were treated as occurring within the EEZ. A total of 659 the Caribbean but did not collect data on marine mammals records were compiled from a variety of sources. Some of the due to the lack of Cuban research permits (e.g. Swartz and primary data sources are summarized below. Burks, 2000; Fulling and Clapham, 2004). Published literature—A search of peer-reviewed and non- Other opportunistic sources—Several records of marine peer-reviewed literature uncovered several historical accounts mammals in Cuban waters were obtained from personal of marine mammal occurrence in Cuban waters. For example, accounts and observations. In addition, unpublished data Cuní (1918) provided one of the first reviews about cetaceans from Hal Whitehead (Dalhousie University) are included in captured near the Cuban coast and also included information this paper. No specific survey information was available, but on cetacean strandings and skeletons found in Cuba. Aguayo the sperm whale (Physeter macrocephalus) vocalization study (1954) discussed sightings of several cetacean species in for which these data were collected was described in Rendell Cuban waters and provided general descriptions of other and Whitehead (2003). Additional opportunistic sightings marine mammal species known to occur in Cuban waters. were recorded on oceanographic surveys in the southern Gulf Alayo (1958) listed marine mammal species of Cuba but did of Mexico and the Yucatán Channel in March 1998 (Ortega- not provide specific information on records. Varona (1973) Ortiz, 2002) and on the U.S. Training Ship Texas Clipper in summarized marine mammal records of Cuba but provided June 1991 (Jefferson and Lynn, 1994). Satellite-tagging data general location information instead of specific records of were obtained from the U.S. Minerals Management Service’s occurrence. Information on historical whaling catches near Sperm Whale Seismic Study (SWSS) which was conducted Cuba is summarized in Townsend (1935) based on whaling during the summers between 2002 and 2005 in the Gulf logbooks. Historical sighting records of unidentified cetaceans of Mexico (Jochens et al., 2008). Tracking data were also were collected from Coast Guard reports via the Cetacean obtained from post-release monitoring of rough-toothed and Turtle Assessment Program (CETAP 1982)1. Some of the dolphins (Steno bredanensis) released after a mass stranding in most extensive studies of marine mammals in Cuba have been the Florida Keys (Wells et al., 2008). conducted by researchers from the Acuario Nacional de Cuba Museum holdings—The U.S. National Museum– (e.g. Blanco and Olaechea, 1996; Pérez-Cao, 2004; Perez-Cao Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural et al., 2009; López et al., in press). These studies have focused History provided records of marine mammals in Cuban on collecting morphometric data and relative abundance and waters. None of the authors of this paper were able to travel distribution information on common bottlenose dolphins throughout Cuba to assess local museum holdings of marine along the northern coast of Cuba. Other records of marine mammal specimens. All information on museum holdings mammals in Cuba are scattered throughout the literature. was provided from literature or personal communications United States (U.S.) Navy—The U.S. Navy has recorded from colleagues. We were not able to confirm the locations opportunistic sightings of marine mammals (predominantly of several specimens that are mentioned throughout this West Indian manatees) at U.S. Naval Station Guantánamo paper; however, we have included the locations of where Bay (GTMO) since 1996. Base Natural Resources Managers certain specimens were thought to occur. It is possible that encourage Base residents to report all sightings of this species2. these locations will be able to be verified in the future. The Opportunistic sightings are generically provided by pleasure following museums/institutions currently or have previously boaters, fishermen, and recreational divers. Aerial, boat, housed marine mammal specimens: Instituto de Biología, and shore-based surveys were conducted by Base personnel Museo Nacional de Historia Natural (formerly known as the Felipe Poey Museum), Instituto of Oceanología, Colegio de

1 Kenney, R., University of Rhode Island, pers. comm., 22 July 2009. 2 Howe, B., U.S. Navy, pers. comm., 24 August 2000. 3 Howe, B., U.S. Navy, pers. comm., 17 April 2006.

67 Belén, Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática, Museo Nacional Some confirmed records located outside the Study Area de Historia Natural de Cuba, Academia de Ciencias Médicas, are discussed in the appropriate species sections in order to Físicas y Naturales, Museo Natural de Guanabo, and the provide a review of pertinent distribution information for Museo de Historia Natural de Santiago de Cuba (Tomás those species that do not have any records within the EEZ Romay Museum). Several specimens from the Tomás Romay but which are known to occur nearby. We also discuss species Museum are included in this paper and were verified from which have unverified records in close proximity to Cuba photographs. The Felipe Poey collection was transferred to and assess the potential for their occurrence in the EEZ to the Universidad de La Habana several years ago. Several whale help provide an accurate list of species that may be expected and manatee specimens are currently on public display in the in Cuban waters. In addition, possible and doubtful records Science Building4. The Colegio de Belén is now the Instituto are discussed for species not thought to occur in the EEZ to Técnico Militar (Military Technical Institute) in Habana. provide a thorough assessment, particularly since many of The Instituto de Ecología y Sistemática collection contains these records are listed as confirmed in the literature. historical materials from Juan Gundlach and more recent specimens; it is unknown if marine mammal specimens are Mapping of Records included in this collection4. The Museo Nacional de Historia Marine mammal records were accumulated from every Natural de Cuba is now in the former U.S. Embassy in available source; however, it was impossible to obtain every Habana Vieja on Calle Obispo and contains several marine data source in existence for Cuba. To organize and store the mammal specimens which could not be verified at this time4. available data, a master database was created in Microsoft® Unavailable data—With assistance from the Wildlife Access. The data format was standardized so that all the data Trust, the Centro de Investigaciones Marinas has conducted could be merged and later used in a Geographic Information aerial surveys and radio-telemetry studies of West Indian System (GIS). A GIS was used to store, manipulate, analyze, manatees in Cuban waters; however, none of these data have and display the spatial data and information of the records been published or were available for inclusion in this paper5. collected. Environmental Systems Research Institute, Inc.’s Additional manatee aerial surveys were flown over parts of (ESRI) ArcView® version 9.2 GIS software was used to create southern Cuba between the mid-1980s and early 1990s. the map figures. The latitude and longitude of each record Results of these studies are discussed in the text of this paper, was converted to decimal degrees, and the Mercator map but the data could not be obtained. projection was used for all figures. Many records accumulated during our data search Verification of Records and collection process included geographical data The following criteria were used to verify species points (latitude and longitude). For the records without identification of each record collected: photos or video geographical coordinates, latitude and longitude were showing diagnostic characters, drawings or detailed estimated from given location descriptions when possible. descriptions of diagnostic characters, skull or other voucher For instance, many of the records for the Guantánamo Bay specimen showing diagnostic characters, or observations region did not include specific locations or coordinates. from reliable marine mammal experts. Criteria were not as These records were plotted based on general locations, and stringent for easily recognizable species, such as the West the points were shifted on the maps so that each overlapping Indian manatee, since a relatively inexperienced observer can record is visible. Several records did not include coordinates typically identify this species correctly. Attempts were made or specific location descriptions and could not be plotted. to confirm all available records; however, many of the records Figures of common bottlenose dolphin sightings from Pérez- could not be confirmed due to lack of proper documentation. Cao (2004) and Alvarez Alemán et al. (2009) were digitized Historical records, in particular, often did not include enough and geo-referenced into a GIS. information to accurately verify the identification of a marine All sighting, stranding, capture, and tagging records mammal to the species level. A designation of 'possible' or were plotted regardless of their confirmation status. Capture 'doubtful' was assigned to these questionable records based records included bycatch, whaling, and other intentional on the quality of available information. Errors in some of captures while strandings include live or dead animals as well the original designations are discussed in the results section as osteological records. Group sizes are not depicted in the of this paper. Records from fishermen were designated as figures; however, group sizes are included in the appendix 'possible' instead of 'confirmed' due to the unreliable nature when known. Map figures were created for the following of observations from non-experts. All records found for species and groups: large whales (Figure 2), Kogiidae (Figure marine mammals in the Study Area are listed in the appendix. 3), beaked whales (Figure 4), Delphinidae (Figure 5), common bottlenose dolphin (Figure 6), Stenella (Figure 7), 4 Wiley, J., University of Maryland Eastern Shore, pers. comm., 5 April West Indian manatee (Figure 8), and Caribbean monk seal 2009. (Figure 9). The data sources for the records plotted in these 5 Álvarez Alemán, A., Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, pers. comm., 25 April 2008. figures are included in the appendix.

68 Results off the northern coast of the Dominican Republic on Silver A total of 659 records of marine mammals were compiled. and Navidad Banks (Winn et al., 1975; Mattila et al., 1989) Eighteen extant species and four genera have confirmed and in Samana Bay (Mattila et al., 1994), as well as on the records for Cuban waters. This includes 17 species of cetaceans Virgin and Anguilla Banks of the eastern Leeward Islands (three baleen whales and 14 toothed whales), one species of (Mattila and Clapham, 1989) and in the Mona Passage off sirenian, and one extinct species of pinniped. An additional western Puerto Rico (Mignucci-Giannoni, 1998; Sanders et 11 cetacean species and one extant pinniped species have al., 2005). been reported, but not confirmed, or may have the potential Townsend (1935) identified the Caribbean as a former to occur in Cuban waters based on known distributions of humpback whaling ground. Based on logbook records, the species in the Caribbean Sea (Table 1). Of the 659 total several humpback whales were taken off the northern coast of records, 612 were confirmed, 36 were designated as possible, Cuba sometime between 1752 and 1902 (Townsend, 1935). and 11 were designated as doubtful. All records are listed in Townsend mapped the locations of active whaling ships but the appendix and discussed below in taxonomic order. did not provide coordinates or additional information for the humpback whale captures. Reeves et al. (2001) noted LARGE WHALES inconsistencies within logbooks which did not include North Atlantic right whale, Eubalaena glacialis information on presence or absence of humpbacks in Cuban In the western North Atlantic, North Atlantic right whales waters. Schmidly (1981) estimated the coordinates from the are primarily found between Florida and Nova Scotia (Winn Townsend charts; these coordinates place humpback whale et al., 1986). They are distributed on feeding grounds off the captures just north of the Cuban EEZ in the Straits of Florida. northeastern U.S. and Canada during the spring through No additional information, such as number of whales taken early summer. During the winter (as early as November and or exact dates of the takes, were provided in Schmidly (1981) through April), North Atlantic right whales are primarily or Townsend (1935). found in coastal waters off North Carolina, Georgia, and Humpback whales may occur in Cuban waters during the northern Florida (Winn et al., 1986; Kenney, 2001; Firestone breeding season (particularly November through June) but et al., 2008) but also occur throughout the mid-Atlantic and are not as likely to occur there during summer (July through northeastern U.S. (Knowlton et al., 2002; Mellinger et al., September) when they are primarily on feeding grounds from 2007; NOAA Fisheries Service, 2008). south of New England to northern Norway. Humpback Right whales are not known to occur in the Caribbean Sea; whales have been recorded along the coast of Cuba and around there are no records of this species in Cuban waters. However, the smaller islands of Cuba. One sighting is confirmed during individuals (including cow-calf pairs) are documented winter; this humpback whale was recorded in January 1999 on rare occasions during winter and spring in the Gulf of near Boca de Jaruco, east of Habana, for six days before it died Mexico as far west as Texas. These occurrences are considered (Figure 2)6,7. Bones of this stranded individual are supposedly outside the normal range of this species (Moore and Clark, housed at the Museo Natural de Guanabo (25km east of 1963; Schmidly et al., 1972; Jefferson and Schiro, 1997; Habana). Other possible winter records include the following: Anonymous, 2006). Sightings are also recorded year-round a sighting along the shoreline of Habana in December 2004 off the southeastern U.S. Atlantic coast (Winn et al., 1986). (Blanco, 2008)8 ; a sighting off Punta Seboruco, Matanzas in Based on the confirmed records of this species in the Gulf of January 2005 (Blanco, 2008)8; a stranding in Cayo Coco on Mexico, extralimital sightings of North Atlantic right whales the northern coast of Cuba in February 2000 (Figure 2) (the off the coast of Cuba are possible. whale may have been harpooned offshore before it stranded in Cayo Coco) (González et al., 2001); and a sighting 20 Humpback whale, Megaptera novaeangliae miles (37km) off Habana in December 1932 (Aguayo, 1954) In the North Atlantic Ocean, humpback whales are found (Figure 2). Würsig et al. (2000) incorrectly recorded this from spring through fall on feeding grounds south of New sighting as a stranding 7 nautical miles (NM) (12.4km) from England to northern Norway (Whitehead, 1982; Kenney Habana. and Winn, 1986; Weinrich et al., 1997; Stevick et al., 2003). Other records of this species in Cuban waters during During winter, most of the North Atlantic population is the breeding season include a sighting of two individuals believed to migrate south to calving grounds in the West confirmed off Baracoa in March 20089; a possible sighting of Indies (Winn et al., 1975; Whitehead and Moore, 1982; Stevick et al., 1998; Smith et al., 1999). Most humpbacks are 6 Humpback whale dies off Cuban coast. Accessed 1 December 2008. found in this region from January through March, with some http://www.radiohc.org/Distributions/Radio_Havana_English/.1999/99_ jan/rhc-eng-01.20.99. animals arriving as early as November and a few remaining in 7 Blanco, M., pers. obs., 13 January 1999. the area until June (Erdman et al., 1973; Winn et al., 1975; 8 Yánez, A., Patrón del Catamarán de Turismo DODY, pers. comm., Febru- Katona and Beard, 1991; Reeves et al., 2001). Humpback ary 2005. 9 Ballenas frente a las costas de Baracoa. 201 Lecturas by Soler Costafreda, whales in the northeastern Caribbean Sea are primarily found A. Accessed 13 March 2008. www.portal.jovenclub.cu.

69 Table 1. Marine mammal species/groups with confirmed and possible occurrence in Cuban EEZ waters and their status under the Inter- national Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN, 2011). Naming convention of cetaceans follows the approved International Whaling Convention (IWC) listing; naming convention of all other species follows Rice (1998).

Common Name Scientific Name IUCN Status CONFIRMED OCCURRENCE Humpback whale Megaptera novaeangliae Least Concern Fin whale Balaenoptera physalus Endangered Bryde’s whale Balaenoptera edenia Data Deficient Unidentified balaenopterid Balaenoptera spp. Sperm whale Physeter macrocephalus Vulnerable Pygmy sperm whale Kogia breviceps Data Deficient Dwarf sperm whale Kogia sima Data Deficient Pygmy or dwarf sperm whale Kogia spp. Cuvier's beaked whale Ziphius cavirostris Least Concern Gervais’ beaked whale Mesoplodon europeaus Data Deficient Rough-toothed dolphin Steno bredanensis Least Concern Common bottlenose dolphin Tursiops truncatus Least Concern Unidentified stenellid Stenella spp. Pantropical spotted dolphin Stenella attenuata Least Concern Atlantic spotted dolphin Stenella frontalis Data Deficient Spinner dolphin Stenella longirostris Data Deficient Risso’s dolphin Grampus griseus Least Concern False killer whale Pseudorca crassidens Data Deficient Killer whale Orcinus orca Data Deficient Short-finned pilot whale Globicephala macrorhynchus Data Deficient Unidentified pilot whale Globicephala spp. West Indian manatee Trichechus manatus Vulnerable POSSIBLE OCCURRENCE North Atlantic right whaleb Eubalaena glacialis Endangered Blue whale Balaenoptera musculus Endangered Sei whale Balaenoptera borealis Endangered Common minke whale Balaenoptera acutorostrata Least Concern Blainville's beaked whale Mesoplodon densirostris Data Deficient Sowerby’s beaked whaleb Mesoplodon bidens Data Deficient Striped dolphin Stenella coeruleoalba Least Concern Clymene dolphin Stenella clymene Data Deficient Fraser’s dolphin Lagenodelphis hosei Least Concern Melon-headed whale Peponocephala electra Least Concern Pygmy killer whale Feresa attenuata Data Deficient Hooded sealb Cystophora cristata Vulnerable

Note that several historical records of the Caribbean monk seal (Monachus a Nomenclature still unsettled. tropicalis) have been documented in Cuba; however, this species is now b Indicates species that would be extralimital. considered extinct (NMFS 2008). 70 Figure 2. Records of large whales in the Cuban EEZ.

two individuals three miles from Playa Salado (Habana) in April Bahía de Mantanzas on the northeastern coast of Cuba (de 2006 (Blanco, 2008)10; a possible sighting in Bahía de Cádiz, la Torre, 1907; Cuní, 1918) (Figure 2). De la Torre (1907) (three miles from Faro, Villa Clara) in June 1997 (Blanco, listed this specimen as a 'ballenato', a whale calf. Cuní (1918) 2008)11; and a possible sighting of 12 individuals recorded off stated that this was an unidentified 'ballenato' based on the the coast of southern Cienfuegos Province in June 2000. The notes from Dr. J. Gundlach. Scaramuzza (1943) mentioned a whales were sighted by tourists diving one mile away from the 1922 capture of a large whale called a 'finback' on the southern Guajímico tourist villa (between Cienfuegos and Trinidad) coast of Cuba near Golfo de Ana María, close to Cayo Obispo, (Figure 2). The tourists supposedly took photographs but an and to the south of Júcaro (Figure 2). Although Scaramuzza accurate identification could not be made12. The only records referred to this animal as a 'finback', the footnote in the article of humpback whales outside the breeding season include a specifically stated that this animal was probably a humpback confirmed stranding near Punta Tiburón, Cayo Coco and a whale. Varona (1973) reported that humpback whales were confirmed sighting of two individuals off Cayo Coco (Blanco, also historically found near Cayo Bahía de Cádiz north of 2008)13. Both records were documented in July 2002. Las Villas on the northern coast of Cuba. A guidebook about Seasonality is not known for the other records of humpback Cuba mentioned a humpback whale specimen that was killed whales in Cuban waters. In 1839, a possible humpback whale by mistake in 1978 and was housed in the Museo Historia skeleton was found at Punta de Maya, along the entrance to Natural in Gibara (Northern Oriente); however, no location was given for this record (McAuslan et al., 2003). We rejected the identification of this record as a humpback whale due to the 10 Moreno, F. and Carvajal, A., Patrón y Maquinista del Yate de Turismo lack of supporting details of how it was identified; therefore, Marlin, pers. comm., April 2006. 11 Carrillo, E. and Echemendía J., La Cooperativa de Pesca Caibarien Villa this record is not included in the figures or appendix. In 1986, Clara, pers. comm., July 1997. a humpback whale stranded near Jibara, Holguín off the 12 Whales spotted on Cuba’s southern coast. Accessed 1 December 14 2008. http://www.radiohc.org/Distributions/Radio_Havana_Eng- northeastern coast of Cuba . lish/.2000/2000_jun/Radio_Havana_Cuba-19_June_2000_22:00. 13 González, O., Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología y Medio Ambiente de Cayo Coco, pers. comm., August 2002. 14 Guitart, D., Academia de Ciencias de Cuba, pers. comm., 1998.

71 Sei whale, Balaenoptera borealis (Blanco, 2008; Lima, 1989) (Figure 2). A few false records of Sei whales are not expected to be common in Cuban fin whales in Cuba have been recorded in the literature. As waters due to their primary distribution outside tropical mentioned previously, a whale was captured near the Golfo waters (Jefferson et al., 2008). Five (considered extralimital) de Ana María in 1922 (Scaramuzza, 1943). Scaramuzza records are documented in the Gulf of Mexico; however, only (1943) referred to this animal as a 'finback'; however, the four of these are reliable records (Jefferson and Schiro, 1997). footnote in the article stated that this animal was probably There is one confirmed (likely extralimital) northeastern a humpback whale. As previously noted, a juvenile fin whale Caribbean stranding record from the Dominican Republic in was documented in Ensenada de Mora on the southeastern July 1974 (Mead, 1977). Sightings designated as sei whales in coast of Cuba in January 1963 (Varona, 1965). However, the northeastern Caribbean (Erdman, 1970; Erdman et al., Mead (1977) later determined that this specimen was actually 1973; Mignucci-Giannoni, 1989) are not confirmed records. a Bryde’s whale based on descriptions of the rostrum and close Neither photos nor clear diagnostic features were provided for examination of the baleen. According to Varona (1965), the these unconfirmed records; the species identification was based skull was taken to the Instituto de Biología. on behavioral characteristics. Likewise, there are no confirmed records of sei whales in Cuban waters. Varona (1973) reported Blue whale, Balaenoptera musculus that sei whales were historically found near Ensenada de Mora Blue whales in the North Atlantic range from the (east of Cabo Cruz) along the southwestern coast of Cuba in subtropics to Baffin Bay and the Greenland Sea (Yochem and the 1800s. Varona (1965) reported a sei whale captured in Leatherwood, 1985). Stranding and sighting data suggest January 1963 near Ensenada de Mora. The skull was taken to that the blue whale’s original range in the Atlantic extended the Instituto de Biología. The English summary provided in south to Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, the Cape Verde Islands, the paper incorrectly identified the species’ common name as and the Caribbean Sea; however, the southern limit of this fin whale. Mead (1977) reidentified this animal as a juvenile species’ current range is unknown (Yochem and Leatherwood, Bryde’s whale based on descriptions of the rostrum and close 1985; Reeves et al., 2004). Researchers using the U.S. Navy’s examination of the baleen. Integrated Undersea Surveillance System (IUSS) resources Two strandings of sei whales are listed in Blanco have been able to detect blue whales throughout the open Domínguez (2011). However, one of these is the 1963 Atlantic south to at least the same latitude as the Bahamas Bryde’s whale record. The other stranding was recorded on although several hundred kilometers to the east (Clark, 1995). Playa Mar Verde, Santiago de Cuba in February 1975. This There are only two reliable records (both strandings) for is the same record listed as Balaenopteridae in Blanco’s 2008 blue whales in the Gulf of Mexico (Jefferson and Schiro, paper (Blanco, 2008). According to Blanco, specialists of the 1997). There are two unconfirmed reports of this species in Acuario de Baconao thought that it might be a sei whale, the Gulf of Mexico, and it is possible that unidentified baleen but it was very decomposed so the specialists confirmed whales from this region could be blue whales (Jefferson and it to be a rorqual. The source of this stranding is Antonio Schiro, 1997). The only Caribbean record for this species Soberats Barreiro (former director of Acuario de Baconao) is from near the Panama Canal in January 1922 (Harmer, who believed that the specimen may have been a sei whale. 1923). No records of blue whales are confirmed for Cuban However, we were not able to confirm his identification. waters. However, based on the records from the Gulf of Therefore, we list this record as “unidentified rorqual”. Due Mexico and this species’ known range, extralimital sightings to their similarity in appearance and size, many of the above of blue whales in Cuban waters are considered possible. The records may be misidentifications of Bryde’s whales which are species is most likely to be found in the Study Area during the commonly seen year-round throughout tropical and warm winter months. temperate waters (Kato, 2002). Common minke whale, Balaenoptera acutorostrata Fin whale, Balaenoptera physalus Common minke whales (hereafter referred to as minke The range of the fin whale in the eastern North Atlantic whales) are distributed throughout the tropics and subtropics extends from the Arctic ice edge to the Caribbean Sea and and to the ice edges in both hemispheres (Jeffersonet al., Gulf of Mexico (Gambell, 1985; Jefferson and Schiro, 1997). 2008). This species is known to occur in the Caribbean during The fin whale may occur in coastal and oceanic waters the winter months, particularly between January and February near Cuba based on this species’ known associations with (Winn and Perkins, 1976; Mitchell, 1991). However, minke continental shelf, slope, and oceanic waters throughout its whales have been reported in the Caribbean as late as May range (e.g. Hain et al., 1992; Weir et al., 2001; Panigada et (Mignucci-Giannoni, 1998). Based on detections from U.S. al., 2005). Alayo (1958) mentioned that this species had been Navy Sound Surveillance System (SOSUS) acoustic arrays, reported from Júcaro off the southern coast of Cuba; however, Clark and Gagnon (2004) suggested that minke whales the only confirmed record of this species is a stranding of an move clockwise through the Caribbean during the winter. individual near Boca de Galafre, Pinar del Rio in July 1989 No minke whale records have been documented for Cuba;

72 however, one probable sighting of three adults and a calf was in June 1991 (Jefferson and Lynn, 1994) and off Punta de recorded just north of Cuba in the Old Bahama Channel Maya, Matanzas in March 2008 (Blanco in press)15. Sperm region in March 1974 (Winn and Perkins, 1976). whales were detected visually and acoustically in the Straits of Florida and just off the northwestern coast of Cuba in June Bryde’s whale, Balaenoptera edeni/brydei 1992 (Hal Whitehead unpub. data) (Figure 2). They have Bryde’s whales are seen year-round throughout tropical been sighted in the Straits of Florida just north of the Cuban and warm temperate waters (Kato, 2002) and may be EEZ boundary and off the northeast coast according to the resident in the Caribbean (Mead, 1977). There is one record bridge log observations from NMFS research vessels; however, of a Bryde’s whale captured near Ensenada de Mora along these sightings cannot be confirmed and may have been from the southeast coast of Cuba in January 1963 (Varona, 1965; inexperienced observers (Schmidly, 1981). One sperm whale Mead, 1977) (Figure 2). This record was initially reported was detected in the Cuban EEZ off the northwest coast of to be a juvenile sei whale (Varona, 1965) but was corrected Cuba in 2003. This male (11m in length) was satellite tagged later and determined to be a juvenile Bryde’s whale based on 1 July 2002 off the Mississippi River Delta in the Gulf of on descriptions of the rostrum and close examination of Mexico and tracked for 607 days (Jochens et al., 2008). He the baleen (Mead, 1977). Difficulties in distinguishing sei moved through the Straits of Florida into the North Atlantic whales from Bryde’s whales at sea may result in frequent Ocean for around two months and spent the winter and spring misidentifications between these two species (Mead, 1977). in the Bay of Campeche, Mexico. On return to the Gulf of Mexico, the whale spent at least several days off the northwest Sperm whale, Physeter macrocephalus coast of Cuba in November and December 2003 (Figure 2) and Sperm whales are found in polar to tropical waters in all was detected in waters of depths ranging from 50 to 2,300m oceans, from approximately 70°N to 70°S (Rice, 1998). They (Jochens et al., 2008; Bruce Mate unpub. data). are widely distributed in the Caribbean Sea where they are Sightings of sperm whales off the southern coast of Cuba commonly found near the shelf break, along the continental have been recorded off the southwestern coast in November slope, and in passages between islands (Aguayo, 1954; Taruski 1995 (Blanco in press) 16; off Trinidad, Sancti Spiritus in March and Winn, 1976; Roden and Mullin, 2000). Besides the eastern 2002 (Blanco in press)16; near the mouth of Guantánamo Bay Caribbean, where extensive research has been conducted in 1999 (GTMO, unpub. data); and offshore of Guantánamo (e.g. Moore et al., 1993; Watkins et al., 1993; Gordon et al., Bay in September 2005 (GTMO, unpub. data) (Figure 2). In 1998), not much is known about sperm whales in the rest of February 1943, a sperm whale sighted near Cayo Obispo on the Caribbean. Based on information from whaling logbooks the southern coast of Cuba was harpooned and brought to from 1761 through 1920, Townsend (1935) identified the the harbor in Puerto de Júcaro (Scaramuzza, 1943) (Figure 2). Gulf of Mexico as a main sperm whaling ground. Hunting Other captures have also been documented in Cuban waters sperm whales took place in the Gulf of Mexico and West Indies but without exact locations (Cuní, 1918). region from February to May. Based on logbook records, the Strandings have been recorded along the northern coast of distribution of sperm whales in this region appeared to be Cuba; specific locations include Bahía de Matanzas in 1897, concentrated off the northern coast of Cuba, the Straits of between Cayo Confites and Cayo Romano in the narrowest Florida, and the southeastern Gulf of Mexico (Townsend, part of the Old Bahama Channel in May 1906, and Bahía 1935). Townsend mapped the locations of whale ships on the de Gibara, Holguín in 1940 (de la Torre, 1907; Cuní, 1918; days that whales were taken but did not provide coordinates or Blanco Domínguez, 2011) (Figure 2). More recent strandings additional information for the sperm whale captures. Schmidly have been recorded near Holguín in March 1986 (Blanco in (1981) later estimated coordinates from the Townsend charts. press)14; Cárdenas, Matanzas in 1996 (Blanco in press)14; Cayo No additional information, such as number of whales taken or Francés, Villa Clara in October 2000 (Blanco in press)17; and the exact dates of the takes, were provided in Schmidly (1981) Cayo Coco, Ciego de Ávila in March 2006 (Blanco in press)18. or Townsend (1935). Figure 2 only includes the whaling records Note that this last record is incorrectly listed as December of sperm whales that were captured within the Cuban EEZ. A 2006 in Blanco Domínguez (2011). A skeleton of a probable few of Townsend’s whaling records are located just outside the sperm whale was reported between Cayo Confites and Cayo EEZ in the Straits of Florida. Romano in 1907 and at an unknown location in Cuba in 1909 Published records in Cuban waters date back to January (Cuní, 1918) (Figure 2). This 1909 record is listed as being 1830 when a probable sperm whale was sighted four miles from Bahía de Cárdenas, Matanzas in Blanco Domínguez offshore of the northern coast of Cuba between Matanzas and (2011), but we could not confirm this location based on the Habana (Cuní, 1918) (Figure 2). Several animals were also sighted with this individual; however, they were of varying, 15 Blanco, M., López, N., and López, R. pers. obs., 2008. smaller sizes and were not confirmed to be sperm whales 16 Cárdenas, J., Patrón del Velero Ying Yang de Puerto Sol, pers. comm., April 2002. (Cuní, 1918). Other sperm whale sightings recorded off the 17 Blanco, M., pers. obs., October 2000. northern coast of Cuba include sightings near Cayo Romano 18 Blanco, M., Pina, F., and Moré, D. pers. obs., March 2006.

73 Figure 3. Records of Kogiidae in the Cuban EEZ. information provided in Cuní (1918). Aguayo (1954) and Granma in November 1989 (Blanco in press)20; and Cienaga/ Varona (1973) included the above-mentioned locations as Peninsula de Zapata, Matanzas in February 1996 (Blanco in well as Cayo Cupey, Matanzas in their summaries of sperm press)17. whale records in Cuba but did not give specific information on any of the records. A capture of a supposed sperm whale KOGIIDAE was anonymously reported off the coast of Matanzas in 1898 Pygmy sperm whale, Kogia breviceps, and dwarf sperm (Anonymous, 1898); however, we rejected the identification whale, Kogia sima of this specimen due to the lack of information on how it was Kogia spp. have a worldwide distribution in deep identified and any supporting documentation. tropical and temperate waters (Jefferson et al., 2008). Both Stranding records for the southern coast of Cuba include species have been reported in the Caribbean throughout a March 1978 stranding in Guantánamo Bay (incorrectly the year (Cardona-Maldonado and Mignucci-Giannoni, listed as May in Blanco Domínguez (2011)), a May 2006 1999). Dwarf and pygmy sperm whales are difficult for the stranding near Guamá (Santiago de Cuba), and a February inexperienced observer to distinguish from one another at 2008 stranding of a juvenile near Punta Tabacal (Chivirico, sea, and sightings of either species are often categorized as Santiago de Cuba) (Blanco in press)18,20 (Figure 2). All three Kogia spp. The difficulty in identifying pygmy and dwarf of these skeletons are currently on display at the Museo sperm whales is exacerbated by their avoidance reaction de Historia Natural de Santiago de Cuba (Tomás Romay towards ships and change in behavior towards approaching Museum). Additional strandings along the southern coast survey aircraft (e.g. Würsig et al., 1998). Based on the cryptic have been recorded near El Cuero, Santiago de Cuba in May behavior of these species and their small group sizes (much 1989 and February 2006 (Blanco in press)19,21 ; Cabo Cruz, like that of beaked whales), as well as similarity in appearance, it is difficult to accurately distinguish between these species Kogia 19 Lauranzon Meléndez, B., Museo de Historia Natural de Santiago de in sightings at sea. Historical records of spp. in Cuba Cuba, pers. comm., 29 April 2009. include a skeleton reported near Ensenada de la Herradura, 20 Soberat, A., Acuario de Baconao, Santiago de Cuba, pers. comm., 1997. which is near Bahía de Manatí on Cuba’s northwest coast 21 Viña, N. and Tamayo, J.A., Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad (BIOECO), pers. comm., February 2006. (León and Aquayo, 1945) (Figure 3). A Kogia spp. stranding

74 was recorded along the windward side of Guantánamo et al., 2006). A possible True’s beaked whale stranded on the Bay in December 1999 (GTMO, unpub. data) (Figure 3). Gulf coast of Florida; however, this species is not yet confirmed This stranding was originally recorded as a dwarf sperm for the Gulf of Mexico (Jefferson and Schiro, 1997). Balcomb whale; however, identification could not be confirmed to (1981) and Mead (1989) reported a stranding record for species based on the photographs of the stranded specimen. True’s beaked whale from the Bahamas. This record is well Therefore, this record was designated as a confirmedKogia south of any other record of True’s beaked whale and is not spp. stranding. Another Kogia spp. stranding was recorded verified28. Therefore, available information suggests that the near Punta Francés, Isla de la Juventud in December 200622. True’s beaked whale is not likely to occur in Cuban waters. Both Kogia species have been confirmed in Cuba. Older Cuvier’s beaked whales (Ziphius cavirostris) occupy almost records of the pygmy sperm whale include a skull found near all temperate, subtropical, and tropical waters, as well as Bahía de Nuevas Grandes on the northeast coast of Cuba subpolar and even polar waters in some areas (MacLeod et al., in 1937 (Aguayo, 1954; Varona, 1980). Another record in 2006). They are documented throughout the Caribbean (e.g. this same area is listed as occurring in March 1954 in Blanco Caldwell and Caldwell, 1971a; Caldwell et al., 1971b; van Bree Domínguez (2011); however, this record is actually the et al., 1973; Mignucci-Giannoni, 1989; MacLeod et al., 2006; same as the previous one. A stranding was also recorded near Rinaldi et al., 2006). This species was historically captured on Manatí, Matanzas in June 1954 (Blanco Domínguez, 2011) occasion by fishermen in Cuba; Cuvier’s beaked whales were (Figure 3). More recent strandings have been recorded near often found near Caibarién, Bahía de Matanzas, Bahía de Playa Larga, Santiago de Cuba in 2002 and near Bahía de La Santiago de Cuba, Carapachibey, Habana, and Boca Ciego Habana in May 2005 (Figure 3)19,23. The 2002 specimen is (Varona, 1964, 1973). Aguayo (1954) reported two specimens currently on display at the Tomás Romay Museum19. from near Caibarién and Bahía de Matanzas on the northern A dwarf sperm whale recently stranded near the Círculo coast of Cuba (Figure 4). The Bahía de Matanzas skeleton was Social Obrero Los Marinos in Jaimanitas (western Habana) in originally housed in the Colegio de Belén in Habana but was August 2008 (Montolio Fernández, 2008) (Figure 3). Another later moved to the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural. The dwarf sperm whale stranded near Bahía de La Habana in skull found near Caibarién was kept in the Museo Nacional de 1977 (Varona, 1980). Strandings of this species have also Historia Natural (Aguayo, 1954). In the 1960s, a skull without been recorded near Santiago de Cuba on the southeast coast mandibles was retrieved by fishermen off the southern coast of of Cuba; one individual was found on Playa Baconao in Isla de Pinos (renamed Isla de la Juventud in 1978) (Varona, February 2004 while the other individual was found on Playa 1964). These skulls and the skeleton are the same records Larga in September 2007 (Figure 3)24,25. listed with the date February 1963 in Blanco Domínguez (2011); however, the primary sources of these records do not ZIPHIIDAE include specific dates (see appendix). Strandings have been Beaked whales, Family Ziphiidae recorded along the northern coast of Cuba near Habana in There have been several records of unidentified beaked October 1971, November 1991, and March 2003 (Varona whales in the Windward Passage east of Cuba, in the Straits 1980) (Figure 4)29,30. A mass stranding of 14 individuals was of Florida offshore of Habana (just outside the EEZ), and recorded near Bahía de Nipe, Holguín in March 1986 (Figure near Caibarién on the northern coast of Cuba (Aguayo, 4)14. Strandings along the southern coast of Cuba are mostly 1954; Jefferson and Lynn, 1994; Garrison and Richards, centered around Santiago de Cuba and were recorded in August 2004)26 (Figure 4). Unidentified beaked whales have also 1974, June 1979, October 1988, August 2006, and May 2007 been recorded along the northwest coast of nearby Jamaica (Blanco Domínguez, 2011)20,31 (Figure 4). A stranding was also (Rosario-Delestre et al., 1999).27 recorded near Bahía de Cochinos in July 1970 (Figure 4)14. A In the western North Atlantic, confirmed strandings of Cuvier’s beaked whale skull was found on the southern coast True’s beaked whales (Mesoplodon mirus) have been recorded of the Isla de Pinos near Carapachibey (Varona, 1964) (Figure from Nova Scotia to Florida and also in Bermuda (MacLeod 4). The only known sighting of this species in the Cuban EEZ is a confirmed sighting of four Cuvier’s beaked whales recorded offshore of Habana in the Straits of Florida during an 22 Anido, T., Academia de Ciencias Tecnología y Medio Ambiente de la Isla opportunistic marine mammal shipboard survey conducted by de la Juventud, pers. comm., December 2006. 23 Guitart, D., Academia de Ciencias Tecnología y Medio Ambiente de Texas A&M University during the summer of 1991 (Jefferson Cuba, pers. comm., May 2005. and Lynn, 1994) (Figure 4). 24 Tamaño, J.A., Centro de Biodivercidad de Ecosistemas Costeros de la zona Oriental de Cuba, pers. comm., February 2004. 25 Romero, S., Acuario de Baconao, Santiago de Cuba, pers. comm., Sept- ember 2007. 28 MacLeod, C., Beaked Whale Research Project, pers. comm., 11 March 26 NMFS-SEFSC (National Marine Fisheries Service-Southeast Fisheries 2006. Science Center). 2004. Pelagic Observer Program data: 2000-2004. Ac- 29 Blanco, M., pers. obs., November 1991. cessed 1 December 2008. http://www.sefsc.noaa.gov/observerdata.jsp. 30 López, N. and Blanco, M., pers. obs. March 2003. 27 Goreau, T.J., Global Coral Reef Alliance, pers. comm., 27 September 31 Romero, Z., Acuario de Baconao, Santiago de Cuba, pers. comm., 2006 2007. and 2007.

75 Figure 4. Records of beaked whales in the Cuban EEZ.

The Blainville’s beaked whale (Mesoplodon densirostris) in November 1971; La Puntilla in November 1982; and is thought to have a continuous distribution throughout Barlovento, Playita de 16, and Bahía del Mariel near Habana the tropical, subtropical, and warm-temperate waters of the in April 1984 (Varona, 1970, 1985; Jefferson and Schiro, world’s oceans, with occasional occurrences in cold-temperate 1997) (Figure 4). The oldest Cuban record of this species is a areas (MacLeod et al., 2006). There are no documented skull found in Cayo Alacranes in western Cuba (north of the records of the Blainville’s beaked whale in Cuban EEZ waters; Province of Pinar del Río) in November 1946 (Aguayo, 1954; however, a stranding of a 640cm male was recorded nearby Varona, 1970) (Figure 4). Rankin (1956) compared this in Gun Bay, Grand Cayman Island (Mead, 1989; Rosario- skull to other Gervais’ skulls from the Caribbean and North Delestre et al., 1999). The species is regularly sighted in the Atlantic and determined that it may be of an adult female. An Bahamas (MacLeod et al., 2004) and has been reported off unconfirmed stranding of this species was recorded in Pinar Puerto Rico (Rosario-Delestre et al., 1999) and Guadeloupe del Río in July 1954 (Blanco Domínguez, 2011). A complete (Rinaldi et al., 2006). skeleton of a female Gervais’ beaked whale was found in The Gervais’ beaked whale (Mesoplodon europaeus) is November 1969 near Bahía de Cabañas on the northeast coast endemic to the warm-temperate to tropical Atlantic (MacLeod of Cuba (Varona, 1985) (Figure 4). Additional strandings et al., 2006) and may not be as rare in the Caribbean Sea as have been recorded near Playa Baracoa, Guantánamo in June previously thought (Debrot, 1998). Alayo (1958) described 1979, Playa Baracoa, Habana in August 1988, and Playa this species as an occasional visitor to Cuba, and Varona Siboney, Santiago de Cuba in October 1988 (Figure 4)20,32. (1973) reported that Gervais’ beaked whales were often found Records from nearby islands include strandings documented off Cuba near Cayo Alacranes, Arroyo Bermejo, Cabañas, and in Montego and Bull Bays in Jamaica and on Little Cayman in Bahía Dominica. Although no sightings of this species have the Cayman Islands (Rankin, 1953; Caldwell, 1964; Rosario- been documented in Cuban EEZ waters, several strandings Delestre et al., 1999). have been recorded during November through April (Varona, 1985). Strandings have been documented in Arroyo Bermejo (east of Habana) in March 1965; Bahía Dominica 32 Guitart, D. and Blanco, M., pers. obs.

76 The Sowerby’s beaked whale (Mesoplodon bidens) is other somewhat similar species such as the common bottlenose endemic to the North Atlantic, and most records are from dolphin (Jefferson et al., 2008). A historical capture of a rough- northern Europe (MacLeod et al., 2006). This is considered to toothed dolphin was documented near Habana although the be more of a temperate water species. A Sowerby’s beaked whale date is unknown (Aguayo, 1954; Alayo, 1958) (Figure 5). stranding on the Gulf Coast of Florida has been reported but Varona (1973) also mentioned the presence of rough-toothed is considered to be an extralimital record (Jefferson and Schiro, dolphins off Habana. Strandings were recorded on Playa 1997; MacLeod et al., 2006). Several areas of the Caribbean Chivirico, Santiago de Cuba in November 200120 and near have been identified as key areas for beaked whales. In particular, Santa Cruz del Norte, Habana in May 200433. the northern Gulf of Mexico continental shelf margins is one During September 2005, two rough-toothed dolphins of these key areas and includes the Gulf of Mexico (north of rehabilitated by the Marine Mammal Conservancy following the U.S./Mexico border) and extends south along the west a mass stranding in March 2005 were tagged with satellite- coast of Florida to the northwest coast of Cuba (MacLeod and linked transmitters and released (Wells et al., 2008). The Mitchell, 2006). Based on the known range of this species and tracking data demonstrated that these individuals moved south the record from the Gulf of Mexico, extralimital occurrences of from the Florida Keys through the Santaren Channel and Old Sowerby’s beaked whales in Cuban waters are possible. Bahama Channel to the coastal waters off Cayo Coco and Cayo Fragoso on the northern coast of Cuba (Wells et al., 2008) DELPHINIDAE (Figure 5). The rough-toothed dolphins were detected in both Rough-toothed dolphin, Steno bredanensis very shallow, nearshore waters and deep waters of the nearby Rough-toothed dolphins are found in tropical to warm- submarine trench (Wells et al., 2008). Because these dolphins temperate waters worldwide and rarely range north of 40ºN had stranded, had been rehabilitated over six months, and were or south of 35ºS (Miyazaki and Perrin, 1994). Records from released separate from the rest of their schoolmates, movement the western North Atlantic are from Virginia to Florida, the patterns from tracking data may not be representative of typical Gulf of Mexico, the West Indies, and the northeastern coast movement patterns of this species in this area. of South America (Würsig et al., 2000). It is possible that the low number of Cuban records may be a reflection of the difficulty of distinguishing the rough-toothed dolphin from 33 Guevara, C. and Blanco, M., pers. obs.

Figure 5. Records of Delphinidae (excluding Stenella and Tursiops) in the Cuban EEZ.

77 Common bottlenose dolphin, Tursiops truncatus the Archipiélago de Los Canarreos in southeast Cuba. Other In the western North Atlantic, common bottlenose southeast records include a sighting of over five bottlenose dolphins (hereafter referred to as bottlenose dolphins) occur dolphins off Caracoles Point in Guantánamo Bay in as far north as Nova Scotia and are most common in coastal September 1999 (GTMO, unpub. data) (Figure 6). waters from New England to Florida, the Gulf of Mexico, the Records of bottlenose dolphins off the northern coast of Caribbean, and southward to Venezuela and Brazil (Würsig Cuba are better documented, particularly in the region where et al., 2000). Bottlenose dolphins have been reported in all dolphin captures are known to occur. The Acuario Nacional de regions of the Wider Caribbean Region (Ward et al., 2001). Cuba, with contributions from other Cuban institutions, has The bottlenose dolphin is seen throughout the year in the conducted numerous studies on the abundance, distribution, Caribbean, primarily in waters over the shelf, and occasionally social structure, habitat use, genetics, and health of bottlenose near the shelf break and farther offshore (Mignucci-Giannoni, dolphins in the Cuban insular platform. Researchers from 1989). the Acuario Nacional have conducted dedicated research Bottlenose dolphins are common on the insular platform studies on bottlenose dolphins in the Archipiélago de Sabana- and coastal zones of Cuba year-round (López et al., 2010), Camagüey region to better understand the populations from and sightings have also been recorded from nearby Jamaica which dolphins are captured for live display. Their research in (e.g. Fairbairn and Haynes, 1982; Roden and Mullin, 2000). this region has focused on morphometric studies and health However, despite the known regular occurrence of this species assessments (Blanco and Olaechea, 1996, 2000)34. Acuario around Cuba, very few studies have been conducted and few Nacional researchers have captured, measured, and released documents on the distribution of bottlenose dolphins in bottlenose dolphins off Varadero, Isabela de Sagua, and this region exist. Historical accounts from Aguayo (1954) Caibarién (Blanco and Olaechea, 1996, 2000). The captures and Varona (1973) claimed that bottlenose dolphins were and measurements in the Varadero region to the northeast common in Cuban waters but did not provide any specific of the Península de Hicacos were conducted between 1983 records of occurrence. According to Pérez-Cao et al. (2009), Silva (1977) was the first publication that focused specifically 34 Pérez-Cao, H. (2004) Population studies on bottlenose dolphins Tursiops truncatus, in the archipelago Sabana-Camagüey, Cuba. Abstracts, on bottlenose dolphins in Cuba. This article notes the Thirty-second Annual Symposium of the European Association for Aquatic observations of the nourishing conduct of an individual in Mammals. 5-8 March 2004. Valencia, Spain.

Figure 6. Records of Tursiops truncatus in the Cuban EEZ.

78 and 1995 (Blanco and Olaechea, 1996). During this study dolphin populations in Cuba. Long-term photo-identification period, 30 sightings of a total of 100 bottlenose dolphins were and genetic studies are needed to determine population recorded (Figure 6). structure and abundance of bottlenose dolphins in Cuban Acuario Nacional researchers have also used distance waters, particularly in the Sabana-Camagüey Archipelago due sampling, mark-recapture, and photo-identificationto the ongoing live captures in this region. techniques to obtain information on the relative abundance, distribution, and degree of residence of bottlenose dolphins Pantropical spotted dolphin, Stenella attenuata in the Archipiélago de Sabana-Camagüey region. Surveys The pantropical spotted dolphin is distributed in tropical conducted in 2000 were focused near Cayo Coco in and subtropical waters worldwide (Perrin and Hohn, 1994). the provinces of Ciego de Ávila and Camagüey off the This species has been reported throughout the Caribbean (e.g. Archipiélago de Camagüey (Pérez-Cao, 2004) (Figure 6). Caldwell et al., 1971a; Taruski and Winn, 1976; Roden and A total of 27 sightings were recorded, and 109 bottlenose Mullin, 2000; Mignucci-Giannoni et al., 2003; Boisseau et dolphins were observed during these sightings. No specific al., 2006; Gero and Whitehead, 2006; Jérémie et al., 2006). geographical coordinates, dates, or group sizes were available Sightings of pantropical spotted dolphins were recorded off for these 27 sightings. The sightings for these surveys included the southwestern coast of Cuba in September 1985 and off in Figure 6 were geo-referenced from the maps provided in northwestern Cuba in October 1984 (Perrin et al., 1987; Pérez-Cao (2004). Thirty-two of the dolphins sighted were Mignucci-Giannoni et al., 2003) (Figure 7). These records individually identified through photo-identification; none of are displayed in the distribution map for this species in Perrin these was resighted during the study. The relative density of and Hohn (1994). The coordinates for these sightings are bottlenose dolphins near Cayo Coco was estimated to be 0.14 included in Perrin et al. (1987), and supplemental information dolphins/km2 (Pérez-Cao, 2004). The relative abundance is included in Mignucci-Giannoni et al. (2003). Sightings of bottlenose dolphins was found to be higher in the Las were recorded in March 1995 off southern Cuba (just outside Picúas Cayos-Cristo Marine Protected Area which is part the EEZ) during the Oregon II survey (NMFS-SEFSC 1995) of the Archipiélago de Sabana-Camagüey based on surveys and in April in the Yucatán Channel off western Cuba during conducted between 2005 and 2006 (Alvarez Alemán et al., surveys conducted in the late 1990s (Ortega-Ortiz, 2002) 2009). A total of 42 groups of dolphins was recorded; relative (Figure 7). Records of this species along the northern coast abundance was 2.7 dolphins per 10NM. Sightings from of Cuba include an unconfirmed stranding near Habana in these surveys were geo-referenced from figures provided by July 1954 (Blanco Domínguez, 2011) and an unconfirmed A. Alvarez Alemán (Figure 6). More detailed information on sighting of 50 individuals off Cayo Francés, Villa Clara in these sightings was not available. June 200635. Spotted dolphins, which could not be identified Survey efforts between 2002 and 2009 were concentrated to species, were sighted off the western and northern coasts along the northern coast of the Matanzas Province in the of Cuba between 1987 and 1992 (Whitehead unpub. data), Archipiélago de Sabana. Results from these surveys are while a Stenella spp. sighting was recorded off the western discussed in Pérez-Cao (2004), Pérez-Cao et al. (2009), and coast in 1998 (Ortega-Ortiz, 2002) (Figure 7). Sightings López et al. (in press). Six surveys were conducted between of pantropical spotted dolphins have also been recorded off June 2002 and August 2003 in waters off the northern coast nearby Haiti (Perrin et al., 1987; Roden and Mullin, 2000). of Matanzas in three areas: Costa Norte, Bahía de Cárdenas, and Cinco Leguas. These surveys resulted in 34 sightings of a Atlantic spotted dolphin, Stenella frontalis total of 253 bottlenose dolphins; 60 individuals were photo- The Atlantic spotted dolphin ranges from New England identified (Figure 6). Density of bottlenose dolphins in these to southern Brazil in the western North Atlantic (Jeffersonet three areas was estimated to be 1.28 dolphins/km2 (Perez- al., 2008). As noted by Perrin et al. (1987), the distribution Cao et al., 2009). Additional surveys from 2004 through of the Atlantic spotted dolphin in the Caribbean is poorly 2009 concentrated in Costa Norte and Bahía de Cárdenas known. Sightings of this species have been recorded from and resulted in 117 sightings (López et al., in press) (Figure Puerto Rico, the Virgin Islands, Columbia, Dominican 6). Relative abundance estimated from mark-recapture data Republic, St. Vincent, Martinique, Dominica, Guadeloupe, was between approximately 100 and 150 dolphins for this Venezuela, and Panama (Mignucci-Giannoni, 1989, 1998; region. Researchers identified 128 dolphins; 71 of these were Gero and Whitehead, 2006; Jérémie et al., 2006; Rinaldi observed more than once. Results from these studies support et al., 2006). There are several records of this species in the the hypothesis of a resident core population of bottlenose Cuban EEZ. Varona (1980) includes strandings of Atlantic dolphins in this region. However, it is also possible that spotted dolphins in Habana in 1911 and 1967 (Figure 7). several wide-ranging semi-resident populations exist in this Most sightings of this species are documented along the region and have an aggregate abundance of several hundreds of bottlenose dolphins (Van Waerebeek et al., 2006). To date, 35 Echemendía J., La Cooperativa de Pesca Caibarien Villa Clara, pers. there are no absolute abundance estimates for bottlenose comm., 2006.

79 Figure 7. Records of Stenella in the Cuban EEZ.

northern coast of Cuba. Sightings of a few individuals have Striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba been recorded off Canal Varadero, Matanzas in 1991 and Striped dolphins are distributed throughout the October 2004 (Figure 7)36. Additional sightings in Matanzas temperate, subtropical, and tropical waters of the western were recorded off Varadero in February, March, and August North Atlantic (Leatherwood et al., 1976). Striped dolphins of 2008 (Figure 7)15,37. Sightings of around 100 Atlantic are not common in most truly tropical areas and are only spotted dolphins were recorded near Habana in November occasionally reported in the Caribbean. There have been 2004 and September 2005 (Figure 7)38. Several Atlantic a few sighting and stranding records of this species in the spotted dolphins were also sighted off Caibarién, Villa Clara Caribbean (van Bree, 1975; Jefferson and Lynn, 1994; in April 2006 and January 2008 (Figure 7)39. The only known Mignucci-Giannoni, 1996; Debrot et al., 1998; Roden record of this species along southern Cuba is a sighting of two and Mullin, 2000; Gero and Whitehead, 2006; Rinaldi et individuals off Pinar del Río in 1994 (Figure 7)33. There is also al., 2006). There are currently no records of this species in one record of this species off the southwestern coast of nearby Cuban waters. However, this species has been documented Haiti (NMFS-SEFSC 1995; Roden and Mullin, 2000). As from nearby Jamaica. For instance, True (1889) referred to previously mentioned, spotted dolphins not identified to a striped dolphin skull from Jamaica that is preserved in the species have been recorded off the western and northern Royal Victoria Hospital, Netley (museum specimen number coasts of Cuba (Whitehead, unpub. data), and a Stenella spp. RVH179). Wilson et al. (1987) cited this record but wrongly sighting was recorded off the western coast (Ortega-Ortiz, credited Perrin et al. (1981) as the source. Van Bree (1975) 2002) (Figure 7). stated that a striped dolphin was caught near or stranded on Jamaica and cited True (1889) for this information.

36 Guevara, C. and Blanco, M., pers. obs. 37 Rivera, J., Mundo Latino, Habana, pers. comm., 2008. 38 Martínez, E., Patrón de la embarcacion Veneciana II de la Marina de Tarara, Habana, pers. comm., 2005. 39 Isla, V., Acuario Nacional de Cuba, pers. comm., 2008.

80 Spinner dolphin, Stenella longirostris in their general reviews of marine mammals of Cuba but The spinner dolphin is found in tropical and subtropical did not provide any specific records or documentation waters worldwide with range limits near 40ºN and 40ºS corroborating the presence of Delphinus in this region. (Jefferson et al., 2008). Spinner dolphins have been reported Jefferson et al. (2009) rejected these records as Delphinus for various locations in the Caribbean, such as Bequia, the because of a lack of supporting details; we follow that Grenadines, Tobago, St. Vincent, Puerto Rico, the Virgin assessment for this paper. Islands, Guadeloupe, Dominica, Curacao, and Martinique A recent review of the occurrence of common dolphins (Caldwell et al., 1971a; Mignucci-Giannoni, 1989; Jefferson and long-beaked common dolphins in the entire western and Lynn, 1994; Mignucci-Giannoni, 1998; Jérémie, 2005; Atlantic Ocean revealed that many reports of these dolphins Rinaldi et al., 2006). Only three records have been confirmed in the literature are either erroneous or not verifiable for Cuba. Perrin et al. (1981) reported one spinner dolphin (Jefferson et al., 2009). When only the confirmed records captured off Jaimanitas Beach west of Habana in November were plotted, common dolphin records were absent 1960 (Figure 7). In addition, two bycatch records were throughout the Gulf of Mexico, Caribbean Sea, and most documented in the Straits of Florida offshore of Habana in of the tropical Atlantic Ocean. The only exception for June 2003 (Figure 7)26. One unconfirmed spinner dolphin the Caribbean appears to be a population of long-beaked stranded near Bahía Cabaña in the southeastern region of common dolphins over the continental shelf off Venezuela. Cuba in March 198920. These species are most often confused with Clymene and spinner dolphins, and such confusion appears to have Clymene dolphin, Stenella clymene resulted in erroneous assumptions about their range in Clymene dolphins are distributed in tropical and the Atlantic Ocean. Therefore, common dolphins are not subtropical waters of the Atlantic Ocean, including the Gulf expected to occur in Cuban waters. of Mexico and Caribbean Sea (Jeffersonet al., 2008). There are currently no known records of this species in Cuban waters. Risso’s dolphin, Grampus griseus Jefferson et al. (1995) noted that the absence of records for the The Risso’s dolphin is distributed worldwide in tropical Clymene dolphin in Cuban waters was probably due to the to warm-temperate waters, roughly between 60ºN and lack of systematic surveys. Caldwell (1961) reported a Stenella 60ºS, where surface water temperature is greater than 10ºC spp. sighting off the southern coast of nearby Jamaica; this (Kruse et al., 1999). In the western North Atlantic, this record was probably a Clymene dolphin (Jefferson and Curry, species is found from Newfoundland to the Gulf of Mexico 2003). Another Stenella spp. sighting was recorded off the and throughout the Caribbean (Jefferson, 2008). There western coast of Cuba (Ortega-Ortiz, 2002) (Figure 7). are a few records of this species in Cuban waters, one of which contains conflicting information regarding species Fraser’s dolphin, Lagenodelphis hosei identification. In 1971, Risso’s dolphins were sighted off The Fraser’s dolphin is a pantropical species found the coast of Habana and near the mouth of the Almendares primarily between 30ºN and 30ºS (Jefferson et al., 2008). River; some of these individuals were captured by fishermen There are few records from the Atlantic Ocean, in particular, (de la Osa and Guma, 1971) (Figure 5). The de la Osa and the Caribbean (Leatherwood et al., 1993; Watkins et al., Guma (1971) article title incorrectly refers to pilot whales, 1994). Published records include a few catches off the Lesser while the body of the article discusses 'Grampus griseus'. The Antillean island of St. Vincent, two strandings on Puerto reported animal lengths (6-7m) and weights (5,000lbs) are Rico, sightings off Dominica, a mass stranding in the Florida too large for Grampus griseus, and the physical description, Keys, sightings off Martinique, and sightings off Guadeloupe which included gray coloration and white spots scattered (Caldwell et al., 1976; Hersh and Odell, 1986; Watkins over the body, is not sufficient to confirm these sightings et al., 1994; Mignucci-Giannoni et al., 1999a; Gero and as Grampus griseus. De la Osa and Guma (1971) stated that Whitehead, 2006; Jérémie et al., 2006; Rinaldi et al., 2006). 'other cetacea' were sighted off the Santa María del Mar There are also records of this species from Venezuela (Bolaños Beach east of Habana on this same day but did not specify and Villarroel-Marin, 2003). There are no records of this the species. However, the article alluded to the fact that species in Cuban EEZ waters. these animals were the same species as those sighted near Maceo Park and the mouth of the Almendares River (Figure Common (short-beaked) dolphin, Delphinus delphis, 5). More than one of the animals sighted around this time and long-beaked common dolphin, Delphinus capensis was captured. One was supposed to be subjected to the Records of Delphinus spp. have been reported throughout process of taxidermy at the Institute of Oceanography and the Caribbean (Roden and Mullin, 2000; Jefferson et al., later exhibited at the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural. 2009). According to Cuní (1918), common dolphins were Risso’s dolphins were historically reported near Bahía de often caught by fishermen in Cuban waters. Both Cuní Matanzas in a general review by Varona (1973). Strandings (1918) and Aguayo (1954) mentioned common dolphins have been recorded near Bahía de Matanzas in August 1972,

81 on Playa Santa María del Mar (Habana) in October 1981, False killer whale, Pseudorca crassidens and on Cayo Cobo, Caibarién (Villa Clara) in September 1997 False killer whales are found in tropical and temperate (Varona 1980)40 (Figure 5). This 1997 stranding involved four waters, generally between 50°S and 50°N with a few records individual Risso’s dolphins. This species has also been reported north of 50°N in the Pacific and the Atlantic (Baird et al., 1989; offshore of Cuba in the Straits of Florida (off Cay Sal Bank) Odell and McClune, 1999). They are widely distributed in the (Caldwell and Caldwell, 1977; Fritts et al., 1983; Jefferson Caribbean (Odell and McClune, 1999) and have specifically and Lynn, 1994) (Figure 5). An adult male Risso’s dolphin been reported off St. Vincent and the Grenadines (Caldwell et al., was tracked (via a satellite-linked Splash time-depth recording 1971a; Caldwell and Caldwell, 1975), Tobago (Mörzer Bruyns, tag) just off the northern coast of Cuba (north of the EEZ) 1969), St. John (Mignucci-Giannoni, 1989), St. Lucia (Ward et after being released offshore of Sarasota, Florida in February al., 2001), Dominica (Hoyt, 1999), Guadeloupe (Rinaldi et al., 2006, following rehabilitation associated with a mass stranding 2006), Grenada (Boisseau et al., 2006), and Venezuela (Romero (Wells et al., 2009). The sighting off Cay Sal Bank in the Straits et al., 2001). There are few published records of this species in of Florida is the only confirmed sighting of this species in the Cuban waters. One unconfirmed individual was captured by Cuban EEZ; however, sightings in deep waters off Cuba are fishermen near Habana in 1858 (Cuní, 1918) (Figure 5). De possible year-round. la Torre (1887; 1907) reported a possible killer whale skeleton found in Cojímar on the northeastern coast (Figure 5). According Melon-headed whale, Peponocephala electra to Cuní (1918), de la Torre later identified this skeleton as a Melon-headed whales occur in deep tropical and false killer whale (Aguayo, 1954; Varona, 1973; O’Sullivan and subtropical waters worldwide (Perryman et al., 1994). Records Mullin, 1997). This specimen was supposedly preserved at the of this species have been documented in the Gulf of Mexico Academia de Ciencias Médicas, Físicas y Naturales in Habana since 1990 (Barron and Jefferson, 1993; Mullinet al., 1994). (Cuní, 1918). Varona (1973) attempted to confirm the identity Several records have been documented for the Caribbean of this specimen but could not locate it in the Academia. The including captures near St. Vincent, Lesser Antilles (Caldwell only confirmed records of this species are strandings in Guanabo, et al., 1976; Mead et al., 1986); a stranding in northeast Habana in July 1972; Holguín in 1973; Playa Justicí (Santiago Puerto Rico (Mignucci-Giannoni et al., 1998); sightings near de Cuba) in March 1973; and Playa Marianao, Habana in Dominica (Watkins et al., 1997; Gero and Whitehead, 2006); December 1981 (Varona, 1980; 2002)20. Historically, false killer a stranding in Venezuela (Bolaños and Villarroel-Marin, 2003); whales were known to occur near Cojímar, Playa Baracoa, and and strandings and sightings off the Leeward Dutch Antilles Guanabo (Varona, 1973). A sighting of five individuals was (Debrot et al., 1998). There are no confirmed records of melon- recorded outside the EEZ off Cayo Romano in 1966 (Mörzer headed whales in Cuban waters; however, based on the known Bruyns, 1969). Schmidly (1981) plotted this record but listed range of this species and the above-mentioned records in the incorrect coordinates. A group of 15 false killer whales was Caribbean, melon-headed whales may occur in deep waters off sighted in the Straits of Florida in March 2001 but were outside Cuba. of the Cuban EEZ (Mullin et al., 2001).

Pygmy killer whale, Feresa attenuata Killer whale, Orcinus orca Pygmy killer whales have a worldwide distribution in Killer whales are found throughout all oceans and tropical and subtropical waters, generally not ranging north contiguous seas. In the western North Atlantic, killer whales of 40ºN or south of 35ºS (Jefferson, 2008). Several strandings are known from the polar pack ice southward to Florida, of this species have been documented in the Gulf of Mexico the Lesser Antilles, and the Gulf of Mexico where they have (Jefferson and Schiro, 1997). Pygmy killer whales are thought been sighted year-round (Leatherwood et al., 1976; Jefferson to occur year-round in the Gulf of Mexico in small numbers and Schiro, 1997). In the Caribbean, killer whales have been (Würsig et al., 2000). Only a few records are confirmed for this recorded off Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands, St. Vincent, species in the Caribbean: a skull collected from captures in St. Cayman Islands, Dominican Republic, Guadeloupe, Grenada, Vincent (Caldwell and Caldwell, 1971b), a mass stranding in Trinidad and Tobago, St. Lucia, and Venezuela (Erdman, the British Virgin Islands (Mignucci-Giannoni et al., 1999b), 1970; Caldwell et al., 1971a; Mignucci-Giannoni, 1989; 1998; a stranding on northwest Puerto Rico (Rodríguez-López and Boisseau et al., 2006; Rinaldi et al., 2006; Bolaños-Jiménez et Mignucci-Giannoni, 1999), strandings off Venezuela (Bolaños al., 2008). Sightings of this species in the Caribbean have been and Villarroel-Marin, 2003), a sighting off Dominica (Gero documented over the continental shelf and farther offshore (e.g. and Whitehead, 2006), and sightings off Guadeloupe (Rinaldi Mignucci-Giannoni, 1989; Bolaños-Jiménez et al., 2008)41 . et al., 2006). There are no records of this species in Cuban waters; however, pygmy killer whales may occur in deep waters off the coast of Cuba. 41 Dunn, C.A., D.E. Claridge, and T.L. Pusser (2007) Killer whale (Orcinus orca) occurrence and predation in the Bahamas. Abstracts, 17th Biennial Conference on the Biology of Marine Mammals. 29 November - 3 40 Sánchez, L., Acuario Nacional de Cuba, pers. comm., 1997. December 2007. Cape Town, South Africa.

82 Few records of killer whales have been documented in the these animals was later captured in the Yumurí River (Figure Cuban EEZ. Three sightings of this species are documented 5) and identified as a long-finned pilot whale (G. melas) off La Habana: three individuals were sighted off Baracoa in according to Cuní (1918). However, Cuba is well south of 1983 while the other two sightings were both off Guanabo the known range of long-finned pilot whales (Jeffersonet al., (one individual in August 1984 and four individuals in 2008). The photos of the specimen included in Cuní (1918) August 1994) (Figure 5)32,36. The other known records of were of a short-finned pilot whale; therefore, we confirmed this species are off Caibarién in Villa Clara (Figure 5). Four these records for this species. Agauyo (1954) verified the killer whales were sighted in this region in 200535 while a identification of this specimen as a short-finned pilot whale stranded individual was found on Cayo Cobo in April 200442. and stated that the skeleton of this specimen was preserved The following historical records are documented just north at the Institute of Matanzas which does not exist today. Cuní of the Cuban EEZ boundary: a March 1948 stranding on (1918) mentioned short-finned pilot whales in his review of Summerland Key (Moore, 1953) and a 1921 capture off the marine mammals of Cuba but did not refer to any specific Florida Keys (Katona et al., 1988). Killer whales have also been records of this species. No other sightings or captures of this recorded nearby off the Cayman Islands and Haiti. Katonaet species are documented in Cuban waters. However, sightings al. (1988) reported a sighting of eight or nine killer whales of short-finned pilot whales have been documented in the off Grand Cayman Island in October 1986. A sighting of Straits of Florida (Jefferson and Schiro, 1997). De la Osa and 10 individuals was recorded seven miles off East End, Grand Guma (1971) discussed a record of pilot whales off the coast Cayman Island in July 2008 (Cayman Islands Department of Cuba; however, these were actually Risso’s dolphins. This of Environment unpub. data). Reeves and Mitchell (1988) paper was cited incorrectly in Mitchell (1975), which refers to documented killer whales off the coast of Haiti based on the capture record as being of a short-finned pilot whale. Two historical whaling records. They also provided coordinates of bycatch records were reported for pilot whales off the eastern a killer whale sighting on 29 July 1872 that corresponds to a edge of Cuba in February 2004 (NMFS-SEFSC 2004) (Figure location about 42km inland of Cuba; this sighting is based on 5). A probable sighting of pilot whales was recorded about the whaling logbook of the schooner Cohannet between 1872 15km south of the mouth of Guantánamo Bay in September and 1873 (Reeves and Mitchell, 1988). We were unable to 2005 (GTMO, unpub. data) (Figure 5). This sighting and locate the Cohannet logbook to find the correct coordinates the previous bycatch records could not be confirmed to of this record. Therefore, this record could not be confirmed species; therefore, they are denoted as Globicephala spp. in and is not included in this summary of killer whale records this assessment. Based on the species’ known ranges, these for Cuba43. records are most likely of short-finned pilot whales. There are some erroneous records of killer whales in Cuba. Several strandings of short-finned pilot whales have been As mentioned previously, the possible killer whale skeleton documented throughout Cuba. Three of the confirmed found in Cojímar in 1886 was actually a false killer whale (de strandings (all of single whales) were recorded near Habana la Torre, 1887; Cuní, 1918). Katona et al. (1988) reported a in 1964, November 1971, and October 1981 (Varona, killer whale sighting off the southern coast of Cuba east of Isla 1980)23. An unconfirmed stranding near Bahía de Matanzas de la Juventud. The coordinates for this sighting correspond was identified asG. macrorhynchus by G. Aguayo in July to this region of Cuba; however, the location described in the 1954 (Blanco Domínguez, 2011). In February/March 1986, paper is Vero Beach, Florida. Since the coordinates for the a group of 14 short-finned pilot whales stranded near Cayo location of this sighting were likely mistaken in the Katona Saetía, Holguín while another group of two whales stranded paper, this record is not considered to be from Cuban waters near this same region23. In 1988, one whale stranded near in this assessment. Bahía Santiago de Cuba in September20, and two whales stranded near Playa Larga, Matanzas in November32. Short-finned pilot whale, Globicephala macrorhynchus Short-finned pilot whales are found worldwide in warm- TRICHECHIDAE temperate and tropical waters, generally not north of 50ºN West Indian manatee, Trichechus manatus or south of 40ºS (Jeffersonet al., 2008). This species has a The West Indian manatee occurs along coastal areas wide distribution in the Caribbean and is commonly sighted throughout the Gulf of Mexico and Caribbean Sea, the (e.g. Caldwell and Erdman, 1963; Watkins and Moore, 1982; southeastern U.S., and from the northern and eastern waters Mattila and Clapham, 1989; Boisseau et al., 2006; Jérémie et of South America to northeastern Brazil (Lefebvre et al., al., 2006). The first known account of pilot whales in Cuban 2001; Parente et al., 2004; Fertl et al., 2005)44 . EEZ waters was a sighting of three individuals near Bahía de Matanzas in September 1908 (Cuní, 1918) (Figure 5). One of 44 Mignucci-Giannoni, A.A. and Self-Sullivan, C. (2005) Conservation status of the Antillean manatee (Trichechus manatus manatus) in the wider Caribbean. Sirenian International Symposium: Exploring sirenian related issues. A 42 Blanco, M., pers. obs., April 2004. workshop held in conjunction with the Sixteenth Biennial Conference on the 43 Reeves, R., Okapi Wildlife Associates, pers. comm., 25 October 2007. Biology of Marine Mammals. 11 December 2005. San Diego, California, USA.

83 Manatee occurrence in Cuban waters was noted as early the late 1980s, another survey of fishermen was conducted as 1494 when Columbus witnessed large groups of manatees throughout most of Cuba (Lefebvre et al., 2001). Based associated with the subterranean freshwater springs that on these interviews, manatees were thought to occur along flow into the Bahía de Cochinos (Morison, 1942). In his both the northern and southern coasts, and the following 1535 book, Historia General y Natural de las Indias: Part areas were identified as having the greatest abundances of 1, Gonzalo Fernández de Oviedo described the hunting of manatees: Ensenada de Guadiana-Puerto Esperanza, Bahía de manatees off the coast of Cuba (summarized in Cuní 1918). Cárdenas, Carahatas-Caibarién, Turiguanó, Nuevitas-Puerto Cuní (1918) also reported that manatees were historically Padre, and Gibara-Cayo Saetía on the northern coast and abundant in Cuba, especially in estuaries, freshwater springs, Siguanea and Punta del Este (Isla de la Juventud), Ensenada and river mouths. Particularly important rivers included the de la Broa, Casilda-Tunas de Zaza, Golfo de Ana María, Hatiguanico River near Bahía de Cochinos and the Gonzalo, Golfo de Guacanayabo-Ensenada de Mora, and Baitiquirí on Agabama, and Manatí Rivers of south-central Cuba. The the southern coast (Lefebvre et al., 2001). Máximo (in northeastern Cuba) and Guantánamo Rivers In addition to the fishermen surveys, aerial surveys are also known primary river habitats for manatees in Cuba conducted along much of the Cuban coastline have provided (Roca and Sedaghatkish, 1998; Self-Sullivan and Mignucci- important information on the distribution of manatees Giannoni, 2005). in Cuba. Between 1985 and 1987, Carlos Wotzkow flew The Cuban population of manatees decreased dramatically surveys over two regions along the southern coast of Cuba in the late 1800s due to the local manatee fishery. In 1901, (Ensenada de la Broa and the south coast of Sancti Spíritus manatee catches were prohibited in Cuba to allow for Province). During these surveys, 59 and 39 manatee sightings recovery of the population (Cuní, 1918). Manatees have were recorded, respectively (Domning, 1990). Between 1986 been legally protected in Cuba since 1936 (Decree 707, and 1992, additional surveys were flown over Ensenada de Article 39), and the Ministry of Fisheries permanently la Broa, the Hatiguanico River, and the Zapata Peninsula. prohibited the capture of manatees in Cuban territorial These surveys resulted in 25 sightings in November 1986, 39 waters in 1982 (Lefebvre et al., 2001). However, the Cuban sightings in July 1987, and 20 sightings in July 1992 (Lefebvre manatee population is thought to be declining (Self-Sullivan et al., 2001). A total of 44 sightings were recorded during and Mignucci-Giannoni, 2005). Hunting, modification of surveys flown between the mouths of the rivers Jatibonico del habitat, drowning and entanglement in fishing nets, and Sur and Agabama-Manatí (south of Sancti Spíritus Province) underwater explosions related to petroleum extraction are in October 1985 and January 1986 (Lefebvre et al., 2001). current known causes of mortality for manatees in Cuba Data from these aerial surveys were not available for inclusion (UNEP, 1995; Lefebvre et al., 2001)45. Efforts are underway in this paper. to increase awareness of manatee conservation and to identify In eastern Cuba, manatee records have been documented causes of mortality in Cuba. Cuban agencies, such as the throughout the Guantánamo Bay region year-round. In Empresa Nacional para la Protección de la Flora y la Fauna July 1996, boat-based, shore-based, and aerial surveys of the Ministry of Agriculture, have worked to develop were conducted to assess the abundance of manatees in manatee conservation actions which include a country-wide Guantánamo Bay and to develop a program to monitor the manatee conservation plan and an interagency manatee manatee population at GTMO (Roca and Sedaghatkish, conservation team45. This agency is also working to change 1998). The surveys recorded manatees in several areas of fishing practices; establish coastal biological stations; train Guantánamo Bay, particularly in the western portion and biologists in manatee research; and establish sanctuaries, a near Guantánamo River (Roca and Sedaghatkish, 1998) manatee sighting and stranding network, and environmental (Figure 8). Specific sighting locations from these surveys education and outreach opportunities45. included Hospital Cay, near the Casa del Mar barge, and Sightings and strandings have been recorded throughout Deer Point (Roca and Sedaghatkish, 1998) (Figure 8). Cuban coastal waters, particularly on the western coast near Based on interviews of Guantánamo residents and other Arroyos de Mantua and Puerto Esperanza (León and Aquayo, anecdotal information, manatees have been sighted in central 1945; Estrada and Ferrer, 1987). Based on a survey of Guantánamo Bay and near Phillip’s Pier and Radio Point fisherman in 1984 and 1985 in western Cuba, occurrences were (Roca and Sedaghatkish, 1998) (Figure 8). Sightings have also documented in three main regions: Bahía de Cortés (between been reported in Guantánamo River and along the coast near La Coloma and Cortés), Bahía de la Broa (near Batabanó), Hidden Beach and Cuzco Beach (Howe, 1999) (Figure 8). and Bahía de Guanacabibes (Estrada and Ferrer, 1987). The Manatees likely utilize freshwater sources in the Guantánamo locations of these sightings are estimated in Figure 8. During Bay region, such as local marinas (i.e. from freshwater hoses), flow from the Guantánamo River, and the effluent from the main waste water treatment facility on Lizard Island. Manatees 45 Powell, J.A., A. Alvarez Alemán, and N. Auil. (2009) Manatee research in other locales are known to utilize similar freshwater sources and conservation in Cuba. Proceedings of the 2009 International Sirenian Conference. 23-24 March. Atlanta, Georgia. for drinking (Lefebvre et al., 2001). For example, manatee

84 Figure 8. Records and zones of sightings and reports (Álvarez Alemán, 2011) of Trichechus manatus in the Cuban EEZ. concentration around waste water outfalls has been noted coastal areas throughout the country (Álvarez Alemán, 2011) near the Roosevelt Roads Naval Station, Puerto Rico (Powell (Figure 8). With assistance from the Wildlife Trust, the et al., 1981). Smaller waste water outfalls in Guantánamo CIM has conducted aerial surveys and radio-tagging studies Bay are located near Granadillo, Bargo, Radio, Caravella, and of manatees in Cuban waters; however, none of these data Paola Points; Admin Hill; Corinaso Cove; and the area just have been published or were available for inclusion in this northeast of Villamar. Manatees may concentrate around any assessment46. Adequate data do not exist for reliable estimates of these areas and have been sighted at Fisherman’s Point near of the current population of manatees in Cuban waters47, the warm water effluent of the desalinization plant (Roca and although it has been speculated to be less than 100 individuals Sedaghatkish, 1998). Noted areas of high habitat use in the (Self-Sullivan and Mignucci-Giannoni, 2005). Guantánamo Bay region include the windward channels off Manatee distribution in Cuba is likely influenced by the the main bay, the designated Manatee Conservation Zone availability of freshwater and seagrass habitat (Estrada and which includes the leeward shoreline out to 137m (150yd) Ferrer, 1987). Both the northern and southern coasts of offshore, the St. Nicholas Channel, Mahomilla Bay, and Cuba contain extensive coastal manatee habitat45. Expansive the Guantánamo River (Schoenfeld, 2005). There are No riverine and estuarine areas along the southern coast (e.g. Wake Zones designated throughout these high-use areas Zapata Peninsula and Golfo de Guacanayabo) provide (Schoenfeld, 2005). additional habitat for this species. Manatees are most likely to In 2002, the Empresa Nacional para la Protección de occur in shallow waters around Cuba since they are associated la Flora y la Fauna of the Ministry of Agriculture and the with freshwater areas and sheltered lagoons dominated by Centro de Investigaciones Marinas (CIM) of the Universidad seagrasses45. Seagrasses such as Thalassia testudinum, Halodule de La Habana developed a research program to determine the wrightii, and Syringodium filiform are abundant in Cuba and status and distribution of manatees in Cuba (Santos Mariño, constitute the main food source of manatees in this region 2007). Based on interviews with fishermen, habitat studies, and coastal site analyses, manatees are thought to occur along 46 practically the entire coast of Cuba (Santos Mariño, 2007). Álvarez Alemán, A., Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, pers. comm., 25 April 2008. General zones of sightings and reports are documented in 47 Powell, J.A., Sea to Shore Alliance, pers. comm., 30 January 2010.

85 (Álvarez Alemán, 2011). Individuals may occasionally be from the Acuario Nacional in Habana, Cuba in March 1993 sighted farther offshore based on this species’ ability to and was later recovered (Mignucci-Giannoni and Odell, move over long distances and deep waters (Self-Sullivan and 2001). The Caribbean monk seal (Monachus tropicalis) is now Mignucci-Giannoni, 2005). For instance, a Florida manatee considered extinct. The hooded seal and historical records of was photo-documented off the northern coast of Cuba near the Caribbean monk seal are discussed below. the Camilo Cienfuegos power plant in Santa Cruz del Norte in January, February, and April 2007 (Figure 8) (Alvarez- Caribbean monk seal, Monachus tropicalis Alemán et al., 2010). The cow, which was accompanied by The Caribbean monk seal was present in the Caribbean her calf, was photographed and matched [using the Manatee until the 1950s (Kenyon, 1977). The historical range of this Individual Photo-identification System (MIPS)] to a known species likely extended from the islands west and north of Florida manatee (CR131) that was first photographed in Yucatán to Jamaica and included the Bay of Honduras, Cuba, Crystal River, Florida in December 1979 (Alvarez-Alemán the Florida Keys, and the Bahamas (Allen, 1887). The range et al., 2010). This manatee was previously documented in may have also extended to the Lesser Antilles based on the Florida in the Crystal River in January 2005 and with a calf historical sightings and archeological and paleontological in the Wakulla River in July 2006. This is assumed to be the records summarized in Timm et al. (1997). same calf that was sighted with CR131 in Cuba (Alvarez- Several historical records of this species have been Alemán et al., 2010). documented in Cuba and just to the north near Cay Sal Bank, Bahamas (Allen, 1880; Elliott, 1884; Allen, 1887; Díaz Del PINNIPEDIA Castillo, 1912; Campbell, 1978). A capture of a Caribbean The only extant pinniped species that could potentially monk seal was recorded near Cay Sal Bank sometime between occur in Cuba is the hooded seal (Cystophora cristata) which 1868 and 1869 (Allen, 1880). In the past, it is possible that occasionally wanders into the Caribbean (Mignucci-Giannoni large numbers of Caribbean monk seals were distributed and Odell, 2001; Mignucci-Giannoni and Haddow, 2002). on some islands between Isla de Pinos, Cuba and Yucatán California sea lions (Zalophus californianus) are occasionally (Allen, 1887). Captures were recorded on Isla de Pinos sighted in the Caribbean; however, these individuals are feral during the winter between 1877 and 1878 (Allen, 1880) and escapees from zoos and aquaria (Mignucci-Giannoni and near Habana in 1883 (Elliott, 1884; Allen, 1887) (Figure Odell, 2001). For example, a male California sea lion escaped 9). According to Allen (1887), the seal was captured on the

Figure 9. Historical records of Monachus tropicalis in the Cuban EEZ.

86 coast of Cuba, and Professor Felipe Poey had it mounted distributions in the Caribbean Sea. Of these, the Blainville’s and presented it to the U.S. National Museum in October beaked whale has not been documented in the Study Area, but 1883. This record was mentioned in Cuní (1918) as the first records of this species are confirmed in the nearby Cayman specimen that was suitable for studies. Another capture off Islands. In addition, the minke whale is only documented northern Cuba was mentioned in Moore (1953) and plotted near Cuba in the Old Bahama Channel just north of the EEZ in Schmidly (1981). This seal was captured by fishermen about boundary. The common dolphin and True’s beaked whale five miles off Key West, Florida in February 1906 (Townsend, are not documented in the Study Area and are not expected 1906). Moore (1953) included coordinates (latitude 23°33’ to occur in this region. and longitude 81°48') in the description of this capture, and Stranding data were considered carefully when Schmidly (1981) used these coordinates to plot the capture. determining the distribution of marine mammals in Cuban However, these coordinates do not correspond to the location waters. Strandings are not necessarily indicative of actual description given in Townsend (1906), the original source. distributions since they often involve sick or injured animals Therefore, this record is not considered to be from Cuban which possibly move beyond their normal range. The fin waters. Other historical records of this species in Cuba include whale, Gervais’ beaked whale, pygmy sperm whale, and dwarf a capture near Arrecifés Viboras on the southern coast (ca. sperm whale are confirmed for the Study Area only from 1520) (Díaz Del Castillo, 1912) and sightings near Baracoa strandings. Therefore, it cannot be assumed that these species on the northeastern coast and Santiago on the southeastern naturally occur in the Study Area although such occurrences coast in the 1930s (Campbell, 1978) (Figure 9). Lobos Cay, would not be unexpected. Great Bahama Bank off northern Cuba is one of the islets Confirmed marine mammal sightings appear to be in the Caribbean with a name suggestive of seal occurrence concentrated in nearshore waters of Cuba (Figures 2 through (Timm et al., 1997). The Caribbean monk seal was officially 9). These nearshore sightings are dominated by the bottlenose designated as extinct on the IUCN Red List in 199648 and was dolphin and West Indian manatee which are the only marine delisted under the ESA in 2008 (NMFS 2008). Therefore, mammal species sighted regularly and considered common, future sightings of pinnipeds in Cuba are not likely to be and possibly resident, in Cuban waters. However, the reported Caribbean monk seals. distribution of these species may be more likely a function of effort than of actual concentrations, particularly in the Hooded seal, Cystophora cristata GTMO region where U.S. Navy personnel document marine Hooded seals are found in the Atlantic region of the Arctic mammal sightings on a regular basis. Bottlenose dolphin Ocean and in high latitudes of the North Atlantic. Hooded sightings are relatively well-documented on the northern coast seals, particularly young individuals, are known to wander of Cuba due to the live-capture fishery and the research efforts to locations far from their normal breeding and foraging of the Acuario Nacional researchers in this region (Pérez-Cao, ranges (e.g. Mignucci-Giannoni and Odell, 2001; Mignucci- 2004; Perez-Cao et al., 2009; López et al., in press). However, Giannoni and Haddow, 2002). Strandings in Jamaica and bottlenose dolphin and manatee occurrences in most other the U.S. Virgin Islands represent the southernmost records areas in the Cuban EEZ are not well-documented and/or data for this species in the North Atlantic (Mignucci-Giannoni from systematic or opportunistic surveys are not available. and Odell, 2001). No records of hooded seals have been For example, manatee surveys and tagging studies have been confirmed for Cuba although Mignucci-Giannoni and Odell conducted along the northern coast, but the resulting data (2001) mentioned a sighting of an unidentified pinniped off were not available for inclusion in this assessment. the southern coast of Cuba in 1987. Beyond year-round occurrences of bottlenose dolphins and manatees in some locations, little is known about the Discussion seasonality of marine mammals in Cuban waters. Most species Seventeen cetacean species (three baleen whales and 14 could occur in the Study Area during any time of the year. toothed whales), one sirenian species, four cetacean genera However, most baleen whales, such as the humpback whale, (Balaenoptera spp., Kogia spp., Globicephala spp., and Stenella migrate between summer feeding grounds in higher latitudes spp.), and one extinct pinniped species have a confirmed and winter breeding grounds in the Caribbean (Mattila et al., occurrence for Cuban EEZ waters. The bottlenose dolphin 1989) so they are not as likely to occur in the Study Area and West Indian manatee are most the common species with during the summer months. Other marine mammals, such as a total of 185 and 261 records, respectively. An additional the hooded seal, only occasionally travel into the Caribbean 11 species of cetaceans and one extant pinniped species which is far beyond their normal distributional range. (hooded seal) have not been confirmed in Cuban waters but To better understand the occurrence of marine mammals could potentially occur in the Study Area based on known in Cuban waters, systematic aerial and shipboard/boat marine mammal surveys and passive acoustic monitoring are needed 48 Seal Specialist Group. (1996) Monachus tropicalis. In: IUCN 2007. throughout the Cuban EEZ. Long-term photo-identification 2007 IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. . Downloaded on 19 October 2007. studies would be beneficial for assessing the status, abundance,

87 and distribution of two common species, the West Indian References manatee and bottlenose dolphin, particularly in the Sabana- Aguayo, C.G. (1954) Notas sobre cetaceos de aguas Cubanas. Camagüey Archipelago where bottlenose dolphins are Circulares del Museo y Biblioteca de Zoología de la Habana captured for captive display. Photo-identification studies 13:1125-1126. could help identify movement patterns of marine mammal Alayo, D. (1958) Lista de los mamiferos de Cuba (vicientes species throughout Cuban waters and between Cuba and y extinguidos). Universidad de Oriente, Museo Charles T. nearby islands of the Caribbean Sea. Genetic sampling and Ramsden, Santiago de Cuba. tagging studies are recommended for assessing movement patterns and identifying subpopulations. Allen, J.A. (1880) History of North American pinnipeds: A Stronger collaboration among international colleagues is monograph of the walruses, sea-lions, sea-bears and seals of North America. 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95 Whitehead, H. and Moore, M.J. (1982) Distribution and Winn, H.E., Price, C.A. and Sorensen, P.W. (1986) The movements of West Indian humpback whales in winter. distributional biology of the right whale (Eubalaena glacialis) Canadian Journal of Zoology 60:2203-2211. in the western North Atlantic. Reports of the International http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z82-282 Whaling Commission (Special Issue 10):129-138. Wilson, C.E., Perrin, W.F., Gilpatrick, Jr., J.W. and Würsig, B., Jefferson, T.A. and Schmidly, D.J. (2000) The Leatherwood, S. (1987) Summary of worldwide locality Marine Mammals of the Gulf of Mexico. Texas A&M University records of the striped dolphin, Stenella coeruleoalba. NOAA Press, College Station, Texas, USA. Technical Memorandum NMFS-SWFC-90:1-65. Würsig, B., Lynn, S.K., Jefferson, T.A. and Mullin, K.D. Winn, H.E. and Perkins, P.J. (1976) Distribution and sounds (1998) Behaviour of cetaceans in the northern Gulf of of the minke whale, with a review of mysticete sounds. Mexico relative to survey ships and aircraft. Aquatic Mammals Cetology 19:1-12. 24(1):41-50. Winn, H.E., Edel, R.K. and Taruski, A.G. (1975) Population Yochem, P.K. and Leatherwood, S. (1985) Blue whale estimate of the humpback whale (Megaptera novaeangliae) in Balaenoptera musculus (Linnaeus, 1758). Pages 193-240 in the West Indies by visual and acoustic techniques. Journal Ridgway, S.H. and Harrison, R. (Eds) Handbook of Marine of the Fisheries Research Board of Canada 32(4):499-506. Mammals. Volume 3: The Sirenians and Baleen Whales. San http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f75-061 Diego, California: Academic Press.

96 Appendix Historical and recent records of marine mammals in Cuban EEZ waters through December 2008. Parentheses indicate approximate coordinates when precise ones are not known. Records are listed in order from oldest to most recent and in taxonomic order.

Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size LARGE WHALES Megaptera novaeangliae 1839 Punta de Maya, (23°4.91’N, 81°31.60’W) P Str 1 Cuní (1918) Skeleton found near entrance to Bahía de Mantanzas 1922 Near Camagüey (21°27.51’N, 78°52.15’W) P Cap 1 Scaramuzza (1943) Author refers to this animal as a Province, Gulf of “Finback”, but the footnote in Ana María, close the article states that this animal to Cayo Obispo, to was probably a humpback whale the south of Júcaro Dec 1932 20 miles off (23°10’N, 83°05’W) P Sig 1 Aguayo (1954) Habana 1986 Jibara, Holguín (21°06.58’N, 76°07.09’W) C Str 1 Guitartd June 1997 Bahía de Cádiz, (3 (23°12’N, 80°29’W) P Sig 1 Blanco (2008)e miles from Faro) Villa Clara 13 Jan 1999 Near Boca de (23°11.30’N, 82°1.28’W) C Sig 1 Radio Havana Whale was ca. 9m and 19tons Jaruco, east of Cubaf,g; Blanco, M., and was sighted for six days Habana pers. obs. before it stranded; photograph taken 15 Feb 2000 Cayo Coco (22°31.55’N, 78°31.30’W) P Str 1 González et al. Whale may have been harpooned (2001) offshore before stranding Jun 2000 One mile (21°54.38’N, 80°19.07’W) P Sig 12 Radio Havana away from the Cubah Guajímico tourist villa (between Cienfuegos and Trinidad) Jul 2002 Punta Tiburón, (22°33’N, 78°27’W) C Str 1 Blanco (2008)i Cayo Coco, Ciego de Ávila Province 7 Jul 2002 Cayo Coco, Ciego 22°33’N, 78°27’W C Sig 2 Blanco (2008)i de Ávila Province 30 Dec 2004 Along the shoreline 23°13.96’N, 82°26.40’W P Sig 1 Blanco (2008)j of Habana 1 Jan 2005 Punta Seboruco, (23°13.09’N, 81°34.65’W) P Sig 1 Blanco (2008)j Matanzas 17 Apr 2006 3 miles from Playa (23°04’N, 82°40’W) P Sig 2 Blanco (2008)k Salado, La Habana Mar 2008 Baracoa (20°30’N, 74°38’W) C Sig 2 Soler Costafredal Balaenoptera edeni/brydei 3 Jan 1963 Ensenada de Mora, (19°52.51’N, 77°19’W) C Cap 1 Varona (1965); 10.28m juvenilem east of Cabo Cruz, Mead (1977) Oriente Province Balaenoptera physalus Jul 1989 Boca de Galafre, (22°12’N, 83°59’W) C Str 1 Lima (1989); 19.80m; photographs taken Pinar del Rio Blanco (2008) Balaenoptera spp. Dec 1970 Cayo Punta (23°06’N, 80°27’W) C Cap 1 Cubillas (1970) 15m; photographs taken Mujeres, Villa Clara Unidentified rorqual Feb 1975 Playa Mar Verde, (19°59’N, 75°49’W) C Str 1 Blanco (2008)n 10.27m Santiago de Cuba 18 Apr 1989 90 km south of Key 23°45’N, 81°54’W C N/A 1 USNM West, Florida Physeter macrocephalus P N/A Off northeast coast 21°40’N, 76°28’W P Sig N/A Schmidly (1981) of Cuba Between 1752 Straits of Florida (25°30’N, 86°26’W) P Cap N/A Townsend (1935); and 1902 Schmidly (1981) Between 1752 Straits of Florida (24°48’N, 86°38’W) P Cap N/A Townsend (1935); and 1902 Schmidly (1981)

97 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size Between 1752 Straits of Florida (23°44’N, 86°50’W) P Cap N/A Townsend (1935); and 1902 Schmidly (1981) Between 1752 Straits of Florida (23°34’N, 86°00’W) P Cap N/A Townsend (1935); and 1902 Schmidly (1981) Between 1752 Straits of Florida (23°50’N, 81°47’W) P Cap N/A Townsend (1935); and 1902 Schmidly (1981) Between 1752 Straits of Florida (23°49’N, 81°10’W) P Cap N/A Townsend (1935); and 1902 Schmidly (1981) Between 1752 Straits of Florida (23°70’N, 81°25’W) P Cap N/A Townsend (1935); and 1902 Schmidly (1981) Between 1752 Straits of Florida (21°41’N, 76°28’W) P Cap N/A Townsend (1935); and 1902 Schmidly (1981) 3 Jan 1830 4 miles offshore of (23°09’N, 81°52’W) P Sig 1 Cuní (1918) El Frayle (Playa El Fraile) 1897 Bahía de Matanzas (23°40’N, 81°30’W) P Str 1 de la Torre (1907) Small whale—ca. 15m May 1906 Between Cayo (22°01’N, 77°39’W) P Str 1 de la Torre (1907) 25m; complete skeleton taken Confites and Cayo to Habana Romano in the narrowest part of Canal del Viejo de Bahamas (Old Bahama Channel) 1907 Between Cayo (22°01’N, 77°39’W) P Str 1 Cuní (1918) Skeleton found on 1 May 1907 Confites and Cayo Romano ca. 1909 Cuba N/A P Str 1 Cuní (1918) Skeleton found in Jun 1909 1940 Bahía de Gibara, (21°05.29’N, 76°07.12’W) P Str 1 Blanco 13m long Holguín Domínguez (2011) (identification by A. Lemus Nicollau) 19 Feb 1943 Near Camagüey (21°30.62’N, 78°53.13’W) P Sig 1 Scaramuzza (1943) Whale was later captured and Province, Gulf of brought to the harbor in Puerto Ana María, close de Júcaro to Cayo Obispo, to the south of Júcaro Mar 1978 Guantánamo Bay (19°54’N, 75°90’W) C Str 1 Blanco (in press)o,n 15m male; skeleton currently on display at the Museo de Historia Natural de Santiago de Cuba (Tomás Romay Museum) Mar 1986 Holguín (21°12’N, 75°42’W) C Str 1 Blanco (in press)d May 1989 El Cuero, (20°01’N, 75°49’W) C Str 1 Blanco (in press)n 3.10m juvenile female Santiago de Cuba Nov 1989 Cabo Cruz, (19°55’N, 77°13’W) C Str 1 Blanco (in press)n Granma 8 Jun 1991 Off northern coast 22°06’N, 77°25’W P Sig 4 Jefferson and Lynn of Cuba (1994) 8 Jun 1992 Off northwestern 22°34.40’N, 84°38.10’W C Sig >1 Hal Whitehead Whales also detected acoustically coast of Cuba unpub. data 15 Nov 1995 Off southern coast (21°26.15’N, 81°38.10’W) P Sig 5 Blanco (in press)p of Cuba 1996 Cárdenas, (23°06’N, 81°06 W) C Str 1 Blanco (in press)d Matanzas Feb 1996 Cienaga/Peninsula (22°16.35’N, 81°12.55’W) C Str 1 Blanco, M., pers. de Zapata, obs.; Blanco (in Matanzas press) 1999 Near mouth of (19°53.85’N, 75°10.96’W) P Sig >1 GTMO unpub. data Guantánamo Bay Oct 2000 Cayo Francés, (22°32’N, 79°20’W) C Str 1 Blanco, M., pers. 3.5m juvenile female Villa Clara obs.; Blanco (in press) 22 Mar 2002 Off Trinidad, (21°29.08’N, 79°27.10’W) P Sig 1 Blanco (in press)p Sancti Spiritus 21 Nov 2003 Off northwestern 23°4.26’N, 83°9.66’W C Det 1 Bruce Mate unpub. Tagged individual #2505725 coast of Cuba data

98 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 22 Nov 2003 Off northwestern 23°0.24’N, 83°13.98’W C Det 1 Bruce Mate unpub. Tagged individual #2505725 coast of Cuba data 25 Nov 2003 Off northwestern 23°2.94’N, 83°56.64’W C Det 1 Bruce Mate unpub. Tagged individual #2505725 coast of Cuba data 25 Nov 2003 Off northwestern 22°58.14’N, 83°45.96’W C Det 1 Bruce Mate unpub. Tagged individual #2505725 coast of Cuba data 29 Nov 2003 Off northwestern 22°49.44’N, 84°13.44’W C Det 1 Bruce Mate unpub. Tagged individual #2505725 coast of Cuba data 29 Nov 2003 Off northwestern 22°30.66’N, 84°33.84’W C Det 1 Bruce Mate unpub. Tagged individual #2505725 coast of Cuba data 7 Dec 2003 Off northwestern 23°3.42’N, 83°16.98’W C Det 1 Bruce Mate unpub. Tagged individual #2505725 coast of Cuba data 10 Dec 2003 Off northwestern 23°3.84’N, 83°59.52’W C Det 1 Bruce Mate unpub. Tagged individual #2505725 coast of Cuba data 11 Dec 2003 Off northwestern 23°0’N, 83°39.78’W C Det 1 Bruce Mate unpub. Tagged individual #2505725 coast of Cuba data 18 Sept 2005 ca. 1 mile offshore (19°52.60’N, 75°8.36’W) C Sig >1 GTMO unpub. of GTMO data (windward side) Feb 2006 El Cuero, (20°01’N, 75°49’W) C Str 1 Blanco (in press)q 15m female Santiago de Cuba Mar 2006 Cayo Coco, Ciego (22°33’N, 78°27’W) C Str 1 Blanco, M., Pina, 14.6m; photographs taken de Ávila F., and Moré, D. pers. obs.; Blanco (in press) May 2006 Playa el Cuero, (19°56’N, 76°48’W) C Str 1 Lauranzon Skeleton currently on display at Guamá, Santiago Meléndezo the Museo de Historia Natural de Cuba de Santiago de Cuba (Tomás Romay Museum) Feb 2008 Punta Tabacal, (19°57.60’N, 76°21.24’W) C Str 1 Lauranzon Skeleton of this juvenile Chivirico, Santiago Meléndezo currently on display at the de Cuba Museo de Historia Natural de Santiago de Cuba (Tomás Romay Museum) 29 Mar 2008 Punta de Maya, (23°11.08’N, 81°27.11’W) C Sig 1 Blanco, M., López, Photographs taken Matanzas N., and López, R. pers. obs.; Blanco (in press) Unidentified large whale 6 May 1970 Offshore of 19°50’N, 75°10’W C Sig 2 CETAP (1982)r Guantánamo Bay Unidentified whale 1970 La Panchita Beach, (22°56.99’N, 80°24.92’W) C Str 1 Ortiz (1984) northern coast of the Villa Clara Province

99 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size KOGIIDAE Kogia breviceps 1937 Bahía de Nuevas (21°27.36’N, 76°56.96’W) C Str 1 Aguayo (1954); Skull said to be kept at the Grandes Varona (1980) museum at the Colegio de la Salle Jun 1954 Manatí, Matanzas (22°16’N, 81°13’W) C Str 1 Blanco Domínguez (2011) 2002 Playa Larga, (19°53.39’N, 75°33.35’W) C Str 1 Lauranzon Skeleton currently on display at Santiago de Cuba Meléndezo the Museo de Historia Natural de Santiago de Cuba (Tomás Romay Museum) May 2005 Bahía de La Habana (23°08.53’N, 82°22.30’W) C Str 1 Guitartd Kogia sima 1977 Regla, Bahía de La (23°07.90’N, 82°20.20’W) C Str 1 Varona (1980) 2.5m long Habana, Habana Feb 2004 Playa Baconao, (19°56.44’N, 75°41.62’W) C Str 1 Tamaños 2.5m long Santiago de Cuba Sept 2007 Playa Larga, (19°53.47’N, 75°34.14’W) C Str 1 Romerot Santiago de Cuba 25 Aug 2008 Near the Círculo (23°05.51’N, 82°28.66’W) C Str 1 Montolio Fernández 1.95m long Social Obrero (2008) Los Marinos en Jaimanitas, western Habana Kogia spp. N/A Ensenada de la (23°1.29’N, 83°2.63’W) C Str 1 León and Aguayo Skeleton recorded Herradura (1945) 10 Dec 1999 Between Piers (19°55.06’N, 75°8.83’W) C Str 1 GTMO unpub. Alpha, Cima and data Buckley Landing, GTMO Dec 2006 Punta Francés, Isla (21°37.85’N, 83°11.41’W) C Str 1 Anidou 1.38m long de la Juventud

ZIPHIIDAE Unidentified beaked whale Before 1955 Caibarién (22°32.20’N, 79°26.96’W) C Str 1 Aguayo (1954) Skull is said to be in the Felipe Poey Natural History Museum

28 Nov 1998 Off eastern coast of 20°22’N, 73°34’W C Cap 1 NMFS-SEFSC Cuba (2004) 12 Feb 2003 Off eastern coast of 20°16’N, 73°59’W C Cap 1 Garrison and Cuba Richards (2004); NMFS-SEFSC (2004) Ziphius cavirostris Before 1955 Bahía de Matanzas (23°4.29’N, 81°29.45’W) P Str 1 Aguayo (1954) Skeleton said to be in the Museum of Belén School

Before 1955 Caibarién (22°31’N, 79°26.96’W) P Str 1 Aguayo (1954) Skull said to be in the Felipe Poey Natural History Museum 196- Off southern coast (21°27’N, 82°56’W) C Cap 1 Varona (1964); Skull without mandibles received of Isla de Pinos USNM from fisherman (now Isla de la Juventud) Jul 1970 Bahía de Cochinos, (22°09.02’N, 81°09.22’W) C Str 1 Guitartd Matanzas Oct 1971 Río Almendares, (23°9.07’N, 82°21.61’W) C Str 1 Varona (1980) 5.5m long Habana Oct 1971 Malecón, Habana (23°08.81’N, 82°23.27’W) C Str 1 Varona (1980) 5m long Oct 1971 Playa Boca Ciega, (23°01.33’N, 82°49.02’W) C Str 3 Varona (1980) 5m long Habana Aug 1974 Playa Borracho, (19°53.10’N, 75°22.42’W) C Str 1 Soberatn Santiago de Cuba

100 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size Jun 1979 Playa Siboney, (19°57.49’N, 75°42.71’W) C Str 1 Soberatn 5.15m long Santiago de Cuba Jun 1979 Playa Baracoa, (20°21.04’N, 74°29.75’W) C Str 1 Soberatn 3.79m long Guantánamo Mar 1986 Bahía de Nipe, (20°44.78’N, 75°46.88’W) C Str 14 Guitartd 3.5-6m long Holguín Oct 1988 Playa Siboney, (19°57.05’N, 75°42.74’W) C Str 1 Blanco Domínguez 3.79m long Santiago de Cuba (2011) 7 Jun 1991 Straits of Florida, 23°46’N, 81°27’W C Sig 4 Jefferson and Lynn offshore of Habana (1994) Nov 1991 Playa 1ra. and 186, (23°05.53’N, 82°28.86’W) C Str 1 Blanco, M., pers. 5m long Habana obs. Mar 2003 Playa Cojímar, (23°10.24’N, 82°18.13’W) C Str 1 López, N. and 4.45m long Habana Blanco, M., pers. obs. Aug 2006 Playa El Cuero, (19°57.05’N, 76°00.99’W) C Str 1 Romerov Santiago de Cuba May 2007 Playa Larga, (22°16.85’N, 81°12.37’W) C Str 1 Romerov Santiago de Cuba Mesoplodon europaeus Nov 1946 Cayo Alacranes, 22°55’N, 83°26’W C Str 1 Aguayo (1954); Cranium said to be in the Felipe Pinar del Río Varona (1985) Poey Natural History Museum; ca. 425cm adult; Rankin (1956) determined the specimen to be an adult female Jul 1954 Pinar del Río N/A D Str 1 Blanco Domínguez (2011) 6 Mar 1965 Arroyo Bermejo, 23°9.22’N, 81°49.25’W C Str 1 Varona (1970, ca. 415cm adult male east of Habana 1985) 9 Nov 1969 Bahía de Cabañas 23°01’N, 82°57’W C Str 1 Varona (1985) 454cm female

23 Nov 1971 Bahía Dominica 23°01’N, 82°50’W C Str 2 Varona (1985) One adult female (460cm) and one immature male (252cm) Jun 1979 Playa Baracoa, (20°20.86’N, 74°29.64’W) C Str 1 Soberatn 5.15m long Guantánamo 4 Nov 1982 La Puntilla, near 23°08’N, 82°25’W C Str 1 Varona (1985) 440cm adult male Río Almendares Apr 1984 Bahía del Mariel, (23°01.46’N, 82°45.31’W) C Str 1 Guitart, D. and 4.45m long Habana Blanco, M., pers. obs. 5 Apr 1984 Santa Fe, 23°06’N, 82°30’W C Str 1 Varona (1985) 485cm adult female Barlovento, Habana 5 Apr 1984 Playita de 16, 23°08’N, 82°25’W C Str 1 Varona (1985) 250cm immature male Miramar, Habana Aug 1988 Playa Baracoa, (23°03.03’N, 82°34.65’W) C Str 1 Guitart, D. and 5m long Habana Blanco, M., pers. obs. Oct 1988 Playa Siboney, (19°57.55’N, 75°42.15’W) C Str 1 Soberatn 3.79m long Santiago de Cuba

101 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size DELPHINIDAE Steno bredanensis N/A Near Habana (23°10.34’N, 82°22.73’W) P Cap 1 Aguayo (1954) Skull is said to be in the Poey Museum Nov 2001 Playa Chivirico, (19°58.18’N, 76°24.55’W) C Str 1 Soberatn 2.21m long Santiago de Cuba May 2004 Santa Cruz del (23°09.52’N, 81°55.05’W) C Str 1 Guevara, C. and 1.63m long Norte, Habana Blanco, M., pers. obs. 17 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°37.08’N, 78°42.54’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 17 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°38.28’N, 78°45.36’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 17 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°38.04’N, 78°44.70’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 17 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°36.24’N, 78°40.68’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 17 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°40.86’N, 79°18.00’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 18 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°45.30’N, 78°51.78’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 18 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°36.90’N, 78°33.24’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 18 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°36.12’N, 78°38.10’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 18 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°36.54’N, 78°37.44’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 18 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°37.86’N, 78°37.44’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 19 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°34.32’N, 78°23.34’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 19 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°33.78’N, 78°19.92’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 19 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°34.02’N, 78°18.24’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 19 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°27.48’N, 78°16.80’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 19 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°32.28’N, 78°7.32’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba

102 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 21 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°46.86’N, 78°36.66’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 22 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°34.98’N, 78°26.64’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 22 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°34.98’N, 78°25.56’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 22 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°34.74’N, 78°24.36’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 22 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°35.88’N, 78°27.84’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 22 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°35.10’N, 78°26.46’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 22 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°40.38’N, 78°22.68’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 22 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°34.38’N, 78°25.68’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 22 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°36.48’N, 78°27.78’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 23 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°46.02’N, 78°58.92’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 23 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°44.70’N, 78°58.62’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 23 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°43.56’N, 78°58.32’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42480 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 23 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°45.24’N, 78°59.16’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 23 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°45.30’N, 78°58.08’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 23 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°43.86’N, 78°59.88’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 23 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°46.20’N, 78°55.20’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 24 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°44.64’N, 78°57.96’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 103 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 24 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°44.76’N, 78°58.56’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 24 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°45.60’N, 78°54.78’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 24 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°43.80’N, 79°21.00’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba 25 Sept 2005 Off Cayo Coco 22°45.06’N, 79°23.04’W C Det 1 Wells et al. (2008) Tagged individual #42481 and Cayo Fragoso, northern coast of Cuba Tursiops truncatusTursiops truncatus Tursiops truncatus Tursiops truncatus Tursiops truncatus 10 Dec 1983 Off Varadero 23°04’N, 81°09’W C Sig 2 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 11 Dec 1983 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°04’W C Sig 2 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 12 Dec 1983 Off Varadero 23°10’N, 81°07’W C Sig 4 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 13 Dec 1983 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°03’W C Sig 1 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 15 Dec 1983 Off Varadero 23°03’N, 81°09’W C Sig 3 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 20 Dec 1983 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°06’W C Sig 2 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 22 Dec 1983 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°06’W C Sig 5 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 8 Mar 1984 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°04’W C Sig 4 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 12 Jun 1984 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°06’W C Sig 1 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 5 Mar 1985 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°07’W C Sig 5 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 25 Apr 1985 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°06’W C Sig 4 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 11 Jul 1985 Off Varadero 23°12’N, 81°07’W C Sig 1 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 11 Jul 1985 Off Varadero 23°13’N, 81°02’W C Sig 3 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 14 Jul 1985 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°07’W C Sig 2 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 16 Jul 1985 Off Varadero 23°14’N, 81°01’W C Sig 6 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 26 Mar 1986 Off Varadero 23°12’N, 81°07’W C Sig 3 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 8 Apr 1986 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°11’W C Sig 3 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 22 Apr 1986 Off Varadero 23°15’N, 81°01’W C Sig 6 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 2 May 1986 Off Varadero 23°13’N, 81°02’W C Sig 5 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 14 Dec 1994 Off Varadero 23°16’N, 81°05’W C Sig 5 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 18 Dec 1994 Off Varadero 23°16’N, 81°07’W C Sig 5 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 1 Mar 1995 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°04’W C Sig 2 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 24 Mar 1995 Off Varadero 23°14’N, 80°58’W C Sig 5 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 24 Mar 1995 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°07’W C Sig 2 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 27 Mar 1995 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°00’W C Sig 3 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released

104 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 20 Apr 1995 Off Varadero 23°12’N, 81°08’W C Sig 4 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 20 Apr 1995 Off Varadero 23°13’N, 81°02’W C Sig 3 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 24 May 1995 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°03’W C Sig 2 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 6 Sept 1995 Off Varadero 23°15’N, 81°07’W C Sig 3 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 18 Dec 1995 Off Varadero 23°11’N, 81°07’W C Sig 4 Blanco and Individuals were captured, Olaechea (1996) measured, and released 29 Sept 1999 Off Caracoles (19°54’N, 75°12’W) C Sig >5 GTMO unpub. Point, GTMO data Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°36.56’N, 78°42.29’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004)w Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°36.97’N, 78°42.12’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°36.97’N, 78°40.70’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°36.27’N, 78°39.60’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°35.72’N, 78°37.57’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°35.72’N, 78°36.77’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°34.04’N, 78°29.49’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°32.61’N, 78°26.29’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°33.29’N, 78°25.37’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°29.13’N, 78°18.27’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Costa Norte, Cayo (22°28.83’N, 78°17.99’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Bahía de Perros, (22°21.12’N, 78°33.40’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) south of Cayo Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Bahía de Perros, (22°20.47’N, 78°33.32’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) south of Cayo Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Bahía de Perros, (22°18.70’N, 78°30.07’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) south of Cayo Coco Feb-Dec 2000 Bahía de Perros, (22°21.38’N, 78°35.87’W) C Sig N/A Pérez-Cao (2004) south of Cayo Coco 11 Jun 2002 Costa Norte, 23°11.68’N, 81°07.73’W C Sig 25 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 11 Jun 2002 Costa Norte, 23°11.65’N, 81°05.68’W C Sig 7 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 14 Jun 2002 Costa Norte, 23°06.27’N, 81°18.32’W C Sig 3 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 25 Aug 2002 Costa Norte, 23°12.63’N, 81°05.49’W C Sig 30 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 26 Aug 2002 Costa Norte, 23°12.27’N, 81°05.37’W C Sig 30 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 27 Aug 2002 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°12.50’N, 81°02.70’W C Sig 10 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 27 Aug 2002 Costa Norte, 23°11.88’N, 81°05.05’W C Sig 6 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 27 Aug 2002 Costa Norte, 23°11.53’N, 81°6.32’W C Sig 3 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press)

105 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 28 Aug 2002 Cinco Leguas, 23°12.98’N, 80°54.62’W C Sig 1 Pérez-Cao (2004; 2009); Matanzas López et al. (in press) 3 Dec 2002 Cinco Leguas, 23°12.77’N, 80°55.92’W C Sig 3 Pérez-Cao (2004; 2009); Matanzas López et al. (in press) 5 Dec 2002 Cinco Leguas, 23°12.07’N, 80°59.40’W C Sig 3 Pérez-Cao (2004; 2009); Matanzas López et al. (in press) 5 Dec 2002 Costa Norte, 23°12.05’N, 81°60.33’W C Sig 30 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 6 Dec 2002 Costa Norte, 23°09.40’N, 81°15.58’W C Sig 1 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 9 Mar 2003 Costa Norte, 23°11.33’N, 81°13.62’W C Sig 8 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 9 Mar 2003 Costa Norte, 23°10.25’N, 81°13.98’W C Sig 7 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 10 Mar 2003 Costa Norte, 23°17.82’N, 80°58.37’W C Sig 1 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 11 Mar 2003 Costa Norte, 23°12.72’N, 81°30.52’W C Sig 8 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 13 Mar 2003 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°11.43’N, 81°70.88’W C Sig 6 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 13 Mar 2003 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°02.75’N, 81°11.67’W C Sig 1 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 13 May 2003 Costa Norte, 23°11.95’N, 81°40.95’W C Sig 6 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 14 May 2003 Costa Norte, 23°13.57’N, 81°60.13’W C Sig 3 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 31 Jul 2003 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°04.33’N, 81°90.52’W C Sig 6 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 1 Aug 2003 Costa Norte, 23°12.90’N, 81°50.45’W C Sig 1 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 1 Aug 2003 Costa Norte, 23°12.48’N, 81°60.95’W C Sig 12 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 1 Aug 2003 Costa Norte, 23°12.15’N, 81°10.93’W C Sig 5 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 1 Aug 2003 Costa Norte, 23°12.10’N, 81°30.95’W C Sig 15 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 2 Aug 2003 Costa Norte, 23°11.77’N, 81°60.45’W C Sig 8 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 3 Aug 2003 Cinco Leguas, 23°11.57’N, 81°00.15’W C Sig 3 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 3 Aug 2003 Costa Norte, 23°12.55’N, 81°40.38’W C Sig 2 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 3 Aug 2003 Costa Norte, 23°12.78’N, 81°40.52’W C Sig 3 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 3 Aug 2003 Costa Norte, 23°13.72’N, 81°30.13’W C Sig 1 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press)

106 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 3 Aug 2003 Costa Norte, 23°14.37’N, 81°40.47’W C Sig 3 Pérez-Cao (2004; Matanzas 2009); López et al. (in press) 22 Feb 2004 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°06.78’N, 81°90.47’W C Sig 3 Pérez-Cao (2004); Matanzas López et al. (in press) 7 Jul 2004 Costa Norte, 23°12.78’N, 81°30.88’W C Sig 7 Pérez-Cao (2004); Matanzas López et al. (in press) 9 Jul 2004 Costa Norte, 23°12.78’N, 81°40.38’W C Sig 15 Pérez-Cao (2004); Matanzas López et al. (in press) 23 Sept 2004 Costa Norte, 23°10.43’N, 81°13.73’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 23 Sept 2004 Costa Norte, 23°08.48’N, 81°16.17’W C Sig 25 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 25 Sept 2004 Costa Norte, 23°08.33’N, 81°18.17’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2005 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°11.35’N, 81°80.10’W C Sig 15 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2005 Costa Norte, 23°14.53’N, 81°50.70’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 28 Aug 2005 Costa Norte, 23°09.52’N, 81°26.58’W C Sig 7 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 28 Aug 2005 Costa Norte, 23°11.07’N, 81°14.60’W C Sig 5 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 28 Aug 2005 Costa Norte, 23°10.27’N, 81°15.85’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 29 Aug 2005 Costa Norte, 23°08.83’N, 81°17.68’W C Sig 12 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 29 Aug 2005 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°09.63’N, 81°10.27’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 10 Nov 2005 Costa Norte, 23°08.18’N, 81°18.93’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 10 Nov 2005 Costa Norte, 23°08.58’N, 81°17.77’W C Sig 4 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 10 Nov 2005 Costa Norte, 23°09.10’N, 81°17.18’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 10 Nov 2005 Costa Norte, 23°15.87’N, 81°10.50’W C Sig 12 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 12 Nov 2005 Costa Norte, 23°10.38’N, 81°15.95’W C Sig 15 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 13 Nov 2005 Costa Norte, 23°13.35’N, 81°90.40’W C Sig 4 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 13 Nov 2005 Costa Norte, 23°09.05’N, 81°18.32’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press)

2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°06.30’N, 80°17.95’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009)w Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°05.88’N, 80°16.36’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°03.93’N, 80°17.19’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°03.53’N, 80°17.15’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°03.53’N, 80°16.53’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°03.84’N, 80°14.36’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°03.33’N, 80°20.19’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area

107 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°02.41’N, 80°18.18’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°02.43’N, 80°17.95’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°02.14’N, 80°18.02’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°01.40’N, 80°19.05’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (23°05.86’N, 80°13.69’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°58.19’N, 80°11.61’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°57.73’N, 80°12.54’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°57.30’N, 80°11.64’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°57.43’N, 80°12.72’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°57.24’N, 80°12.67’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°57.08’N, 80°12.84’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°57.05’N, 80°12.74’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.89’N, 80°12.75’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.76’N, 80°12.48’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán Cristo Marine et al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.67’N, 80°12.80’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.62’N, 80°14.37’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.51’N, 80°13.96’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.23’N, 80°11.51’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°55.62’N, 80°12.82’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.13’N, 80°13.97’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.00’N, 80°14.13’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.00’N, 80°14.28’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area

108 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.01’N, 80°15.37’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°55.97’N, 80°15.58’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°55.02’N, 80°17.48’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°55.17’N, 80°17.77’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°55.27’N, 80°17.82’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°55.98’N, 80°18.13’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°56.04’N, 80°18.04’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°55.97’N, 80°18.46’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 2005-2006 Las Picúas Cayos- (22°55.61’N, 80°18.51’W) C Sig N/A Alvarez Alemán et Cristo Marine al. (2009) Protected Area 12 Jul 2006 Costa Norte, 23°12.22’N, 81°13.47’W C Sig 13 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 12 Jul 2006 Costa Norte, 23°12.62’N, 81°40.18’W C Sig 5 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 12 Jul 2006 Costa Norte, 23°12.85’N, 81°40.73’W C Sig 4 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 13 Jul 2006 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°09.68’N, 81°70.07’W C Sig 4 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 14 Jul 2006 Costa Norte, 23°07.65’N, 81°18.63’W C Sig 3 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 16 Jul 2006 Costa Norte, 23°07.63’N, 81°18.43’W C Sig 12 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 16 Jul 2006 Costa Norte, 23°09.30’N, 81°15.20’W C Sig 6 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 17 Jul 2006 Costa Norte, 23°07.63’N, 81°18.67’W C Sig 12 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 25 Feb 2007 Costa Norte, 23°10.68’N, 81°70.27’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 25 Feb 2007 Costa Norte, 23°11.40’N, 81°10.60’W C Sig 4 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 1 Mar 2007 Costa Norte, 23°11.78’N, 81°40.63’W C Sig 3 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 3 Feb 2008 Costa Norte, 23°09.63’N, 81°15.03’W C Sig 15 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 3 Feb 2008 Costa Norte, 23°12.43’N, 81°50.60’W C Sig 6 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 6 Feb 2008 Costa Norte, 23°12.72’N, 81°90.70’W C Sig 20 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 30 Mar 2008 Costa Norte, 23°09.23’N, 81°16.17’W C Sig 4 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 2 Apr 2008 Costa Norte, 23°09.28’N, 81°15.87’W C Sig 7 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 2 Apr 2008 Costa Norte, 23°08.23’N, 81°18.45’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 29 Jun 2008 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°09.20’N, 81°80.38’W C Sig 4 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 29 Jun 2008 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°09.35’N, 81°80.72’W C Sig 15 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 30 Jun 2008 Costa Norte, 23°12.65’N, 81°60.20’W C Sig 6 López et al. Matanzas (in press)

109 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 30 Jun 2008 Costa Norte, 23°13.42’N, 81°50.65’W C Sig 17 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 30 Jun 2008 Costa Norte, 23°12.98’N, 81°80.43’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 1 Jul 2008 Costa Norte, 23°08.60’N, 81°17.15’W C Sig 5 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 1 Jul 2008 Costa Norte, 23°13.10’N, 81°60.17’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 1 Jul 2008 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°07.13’N, 81°80.95’W C Sig 6 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 1 Jul 2008 Costa Norte, 23°11.65’N, 81°50.82’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 1 Jul 2008 Costa Norte, 23°11.83’N, 81°50.85’W C Sig 5 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 2 Jul 2008 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°04.90’N, 81°10.83’W C Sig 7 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 2 Jul 2008 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°08.57’N, 81°13.32’W C Sig 8 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 2 Jul 2008 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°09.55’N, 81°10.83’W C Sig 5 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 3 Jul 2008 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°10.35’N, 81°60.75’W C Sig 10 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 3 Jul 2008 Costa Norte, 23°09.52’N, 81°15.78’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 3 Jul 2008 Costa Norte, 23°08.13’N, 81°18.70’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°08.75’N, 81°16.73’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°11.10’N, 81°12.75’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°12.00’N, 81°11.18’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°13.35’N, 81°80.52’W C Sig 1 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°13.48’N, 81°80.00’W C Sig 18 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°13.52’N, 81°70.13’W C Sig 9 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°13.07’N, 81°50.72’W C Sig 13 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°13.17’N, 81°50.42’W C Sig 8 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 26 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°12.97’N, 81°50.13’W C Sig 3 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 27 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°08.93’N, 81°17.00’W C Sig 5 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 27 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°08.15’N, 81°16.77’W C Sig 3 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 28 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°08.55’N, 81°17.55’W C Sig 4 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 29 Aug 2008 Costa Norte, 23°09.32’N, 81°15.72’W C Sig 2 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 12 Oct 2008 Costa Norte, 23°12.92’N, 81°40.52’W C Sig 18 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 13 Oct 2008 Bahía de Cárdenas, 23°09.35’N, 81°11.25’W C Sig 7 López et al. Matanzas (in press) 14 Oct 2008 Costa Norte, 23°14.03’N, 81°50.03’W C Sig 3 López et al. Matanzas (in press) Stenella attenuata Jul 1954 Habana (23°11’N, 82°24’W) D Str 1 Blanco Domínguez (2011) 18 Sept 1985 168km south of 20°14’N, 84°35’W C Sig 5 Perrin et al. (1987); Cabo Corrientes Mignucci-Giannoni et al. (2003) 18 Sept 1985 183km south of 20°06’N, 84°29’W C Sig 25 Perrin et al. (1987); Cabo Corrientes Mignucci-Giannoni et al. (2003)

110 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 3 Oct 1984 52km northwest of 23°00’N, 84°28’W C Sig 12-25 Perrin et al. (1987); Cayo Jutías Mignucci-Giannoni et al. (2003) 3 Apr 1998 Off western Cuba 21°32.22’N, 85°14.93’W C Sig 26 Ortega-Ortiz (2002) 4 Apr 1998 Off western Cuba 21°37.78’N, 85°37.43’W C Sig 34 Ortega-Ortiz (2002) Jun 2006 Off Cayo Francés, 22°32’N, 79°20’W D Sig 50 Echemendíax Villa Clara Stenella frontalis 1911 Habana (23°11’N, 82°24’W) D Str 1 Varona (1980) 1967 Habana (23°11’N, 82°24’W) C Str 1 Varona (1980) 1991 Canal Varadero, 23°12.00’N, 81°6.34’W C Sig 2 Guevara, C. and Matanzas Blanco, M., pers. obs. 1994 Off Pinar del Río (22°24’N, 84°49’W) C Sig 2 Guevaray Oct 2004 Canal Varadero, 23°12.05’N, 81°06.34’W C Sig 2 Guevara, C. and Matanzas Blanco, M., pers. obs. Nov 2004 Off Guanabo, 23°12’N, 82°07’W P Sig 100 Martínezz Habana Sept 2005 Off Tarará, Habana 23°12’N, 82°14’W P Sig 100 Martínezz Apr 2006 Off Cayo Santa 22°42’N, 78°50’W C Sig 100 Islaa1 María, Caibarién, Villa Clara Jan 2008 Off Cayo Francés, 22°31’N, 79°22’W C Sig 2 Islaa1 Caibarién, Villa Clara Feb 2008 Off Varadero, 23°12.71’N, 81°03.52’W C Sig 2 Riverab1 Matanzas Mar 2008 Off Varadero, 23°11.33’N, 81°03.52’W C Sig 8 López, R., López, Matanzas N., and Blanco, M., pers. obs. Aug 2008 Off Varadero, 23°13.57’N, 81°06.13’W C Sig 4 López, R., López, Matanzas N., and Blanco, M., pers. obs. S. attenuata/S. frontalis 24 Jul 1987 Off western Cuba 22°25’N, 85°11’W C Sig 15 Hal Whitehead unpub. data 8 Jun 1992 Off western Cuba 22°31’N, 84°44’W C Sig 20 Hal Whitehead unpub. data 9 Jun 1992 Off western Cuba 21°40’N, 84°58’W C Sig 10 Hal Whitehead unpub. data Stenella longirostris Stenella longirostris 16 Nov 1960 Jaimanitas Beach 22°48’N, 83°30’W C Cap 1 Perrin et al. (1981) (west of Habana) Mar 1989 Bahía Cabaña, (22°58.87’N, 82°57.25’W) D Str 1 Soberatn 1.81m long Santiago de Cuba 8 Jun 2003 Straits of Florida; 23°52’N, 82°22’W C Cap 1 NMFS-SEFSC offshore of Habana (2004) 9 Jun 2003 Straits of Florida; 23°35’N, 82°11’W C Cap 1 NMFS-SEFSC offshore of Habana (2004) Stenella spp. Stenella spp. Stenella spp. 3 Apr 1998 Off western Cuba 21°30.11’N, 85°16.61’W C Sig 4 Ortega-Ortiz (2002) Grampus griseus ca. 12 Dec Straits of Florida (50 23°40’N, 81°10’W C Sig ca. 20 Caldwell and 1967 miles west of Cay Sal Caldwell (1977) Bank) 31 Oct 1971 Near Maceo Park N/A D Sig 1 de la Osa and Guma (1971)c1 31 Oct 1971 Mouth of (23°9.07’N, 82°21.61’W) D Sig 1 de la Osa and Almendares River Guma (1971)c1 31 Oct 1971 Off Santa María del (23°12.76’N, 82°13.98’W) D Sig >1 de la Osa and Mar Beach, Habana Guma (1971)c1 Aug 1972 Bahía de Matanzas (23°04.33’N, 81°29.03’W) C Str 1 Varona (1980)

111 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size Oct 1981 Playa Santa María (23°10.59’N, 82°11.02’W) C Str 1 Varona (1980) del Mar, Habana Sept 1997 Cayo Cobo, (22°08.89’N, 81°27.91’W) C Str 4 Sánchezd1 2.85, 2.7, 2.65, and 2.68m Caibarién, Villa long Clara Pseudorca crassidensPseudorca crassidens 3 Jul 1858 Near Habana (23°10.34’N, 82°21.50’W) D Cap 1 Cuní (1918) 3m long; said to be kept at the Academia de Ciencias Médicas, Físicas y Naturales, Habana 1886 Cojímar, Habana (23°10’N, 82°18’W) D Str 1 de la Torre (1887); Skeleton said to be in the Cuní (1918) Academia de Ciencias Jul 1972 Guanabo, Habana (23°10.38’N, 82°07.09’W) C Str 1 Varona (1980) 3.6m long 1973 Holguín (20°46.79’N, 75°46.33’W) C Str 1 Varona (1980) 4.1m long Mar 1973 Playa Justicí, (19°57.02’N, 75°44.28’W) C Str 1 Soberatn 1.03m long Santiago de Cuba Dec 1981 Playa Marianao, (23°06.12’N, 82°27.14’W) C Str 1 Varona (2002) 2.7m long Habana Orcinus orca Orcinus ocra 1983 Mariel - Baracoa, 23°10’N, 82°20’W C Sig 3 Guitart, D. and Habana Blanco, M., pers. obs. Aug 1984 Guanabo, Habana 23°12’N, 82°07’W C Sig 1 Guitart, D. and Blanco, M., pers. obs. Aug 1994 Guanabo, Habana 23°12’N, 82°07’W C Sig 4 Guevara, C. and Blanco, M., pers. obs. Apr 2004 Cayo Cobo, (22°08.62’N, 81°28.08’W) C Str 1 Blanco, M., pers. 4.65m long Caibarién, Villa obs. Clara 2005 Cayo Francés, 22°33’N, 79°18’W C Sig 4 Echemendíax Caibarién, Villa Clara Globicephala macrorhynchus 11 Sept 1908 Bahía de Matanzas (23°04’N, 81°30’W) C Sig 3 Cuní (1918); Aguayo (1954) 11 Sept 1908 Río Yumurí--near (23°3.15’N, 81°32.55’W) C Cap 1 Cuní (1918); Bahía de Matanzas Aguayo (1954) Jul 1954 Bahía de Matanzas N/A D Str 1 Blanco Domínguez (2011) (identification by G. Aguayo) 1964 Playa Salado, (23°07.23’N, 82°25.93’W) C Str 1 Varona (1980) Habana Nov 1971 Río Almendares, (23°08.12’N, 82°24.51’W) C Str 1 Guitartd Habana Oct 1981 Playa Santa María (23°10.58’N, 82°11.22’W) C Str 1 Guitartd del Mar, Habana Feb 1986 Cayo Saetía, (20°46.27’N, 75°29.78’W) C Str 14 Guitartd Holguín Mar 1986 Holguín (20°47.16’N, 75°46.53’W) C Str 2 Guitartd Sept 1988 Bahía Santiago de (19°59.67’N, 75°51.77’W) C Str 1 Soberatn 4.13m long Cuba Nov 1988 Playa Larga, (22°16.08’N, 81°12.34’W) C Str 2 Guitart, D. and 4.46 and 4.31m long Matanzas Blanco, M., pers. obs. Globicephala spp. 21 Feb 2004 Off eastern coast of 19°57’N, 73°59’W C Cap 1 NMFS-SEFSC Cuba (2004) 27 Feb 2004 Off eastern coast of 19°48’N, 74°05’W C Cap 1 NMFS-SEFSC Cuba (2004) 18 Sept 2005 ca. 8 miles south of (19°52.34’N, 75°1.72’W) P Sig >1 GTMO unpub. Guantánamo Bay data Unidentified cetacean Unidentified cetacean 9 Jan 1983 Off Nuevitas 21°47’N, 76°51’W C Sig 1 USNM

112 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size Unidentified dolphin/porpoise 14 Oct 1975 Off southeastern 19°39’N, 74°51’W C Sig 8 CETAP (1982)r coast of Cuba Unidentified small dolphin 4 Apr 1998 Off western coast 21°38.15’N, 85°35.33’W C Sig 6 Ortega-Ortiz (2002) of Cuba

TRICHECHIDAE Trichechus manatus Before 1980 Puerto Esperanza (22°46.06’N, 83°47.45’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) Before 1980 Puerto Esperanza (22°46.06’N, 83°47.91’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) Before 1980 Puerto Esperanza (22°46.86’N, 83°46.71’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) Before 1980 Arroyos de Mantua (22°21.24’N, 84°23.92’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1981 Cortés (22°3.51’N, 83°59.53’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1981 Cortés (22°2.56’N, 83°59.15’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1982 Arroyos de Mantua (22°20.75’N, 84°25.08’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1982 Cortés (22°3.49’N, 83°59.05’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1982 Puerto Esperanza (22°46.15’N, 83°47.34’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1983 Arroyos de Mantua (22°19.93’N, 84°24.34’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1983 Arroyos de Mantua (22°20.68’N, 84°23.96’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1983 Cortés (22°1.88’N, 83°58.85’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1983 Cortés (22°2.71’N, 83°58.86’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1983 Cortés (22°3.01’N, 83°59.72’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1983 Surgidero de (22°40.69’N, 82°18.31’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1983 Surgidero de (22°40.80’N, 82°18.41’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1983 Surgidero de (22°40.83’N, 82°17.94’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1983 Surgidero de (22°40.86’N, 82°18.80’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Arroyos de Mantua (22°19.49’N, 84°24.40’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 Cortés (22°2.08’N, 83°58.38’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 Cortés (22°2.43’N, 83°59.48’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 Cortés (22°3.41’N, 83°58.32’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 Cortés (22°3.91’N, 83°59.17’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°13.28’N, 83°33.93’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°12.27’N, 83°33.69’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°12.64’N, 83°34.88’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°13.18’N, 83°35.08’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°13.72’N, 83°35.04’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987)

113 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 1984 La Coloma (22°12.47’N, 83°34.20’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°13.21’N, 83°34.64’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°12.94’N, 83°35.38’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°12.81’N, 83°33.96’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°13.75’N, 83°34.47’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 La Coloma (22°14.12’N, 83°34.57’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 Puerto Esperanza (22°46.05’N, 83°47.32’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 Puerto Esperanza (22°46.09’N, 83°47.53’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.86’N, 82°18.91’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.80’N, 82°18.13’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.62’N, 82°18.29’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.69’N, 82°18.10’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.83’N, 82°18.12’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.67’N, 82°18.41’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.80’N, 82°18.26’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.81’N, 82°18.15’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.73’N, 82°18.00’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.66’N, 82°18.20’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1984 Surgidero de (22°40.74’N, 82°18.12’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer Batabanó (1987) 1985 Arroyos de Mantua (22°20.75’N, 84°23.91’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1985 Arroyos de Mantua (22°20.78’N, 84°23.68’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1985 Arroyos de Mantua (22°20.73’N, 84°23.77’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1985 Arroyos de Mantua (22°20.96’N, 84°23.70’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) 1985 Arroyos de Mantua (22°20.68’N, 84°23.89’W) C Sig N/A Estrada and Ferrer (1987) Jun 1986 Mouth of Sagua La (22°56.74’N, 80°0.23’W) C Sig 1 Ortiz et al. (1992) Manatee was briefly captured Chica River, Villa so researchers could collect a Clara Province copepod off its skin Before 1988 Ensenada de (21°43.32’N, 79°52.83’W) C Cap 1 Domning (1987) Reported by L.T. Ferrer; male; Caballones, Sancti 310cm long Spíritus Between 18 Casa del Mar (19°54.90’N, 75°9.42’W) C Sig 1 Roca and and 28 Jul Barge, GTMO Sedaghatkish (1998) 1996 Between 18 Casa del Mar (19°54.90’N, 75°9.42’W) C Sig 1 Roca and and 28 Jul Barge, GTMO Sedaghatkish (1998) 1996 Between 18 Casa del Mar (19°54.90’N, 75°9.42’W) C Sig 1 Roca and and 28 Jul Barge, GTMO Sedaghatkish (1998) 1996 Between 18 Leeward Pier, (19°54.65’N, 75°12.03’W) C Sig 1 Roca and and 28 Jul GTMO Sedaghatkish (1998) 1996

114 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 23 Jul 1996 Deer Point, GTMO (19°55.42’N, 75°8.70’W) C Sig 4 Roca and Sedaghatkish (1998) 24 Jul 1996 Guantánamo River, (19°54.75’N, 75°11.72’W) C Sig 1 Roca and GTMO Sedaghatkish (1998) 24 Jul 1996 Off Hospital Cay, (19°56.77’N, 75°8.67’W) C Sig 2 Roca and GTMO Sedaghatkish (1998) 25 Jul 1996 Casa del Mar barge, (19°54.90’N, 75°9.42’W) C Sig 1 Roca and GTMO Sedaghatkish (1998) 26 Jul 1996 Between Leeward (19°56.08’N, 75°9.95’W) C Sig 5 Roca and Cow-calf pair Channel and Sedaghatkish (1998) Hicacal Beach, GTMO 29 Jul 1996 Guantánamo River, (19°54.76’N, 75°11.71’W) C Sig 1 Roca and GTMO Sedaghatkish (1998) 17 Jun 1999 Caravella Point, (19°56.19’N, 75°7.74’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 17 Jun 1999 Entrance Channel (19°56.08’N, 75°7.68’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data at Dock of the Bay, GTMO 17 Jun 1999 Granadillo Bay, (19°57.22’N, 75°7.01’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 17 Jun 1999 Leeward Point, (19°54.70’N, 75°11.36’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. data One calf GTMO 17 Jun 1999 Salinas Point, (19°58.15’N, 75°9.00’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 28 Sept 1999 Near Security Boat (19°55.11’N, 75°8.60’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. data Lock, GTMO 18 Nov 1999 North of Leeward (19°12’N, 75°12’W) C Str 1 GTMO unpub. data Point, GTMO 30 Mar 2001 Glass Beach, (19°54.76’N, 75°10.02’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 26 Apr 2001 Hicacal Beach, (19°56.02’N, 75°10.76’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 26 Apr 2001 Guantánamo River, (19°54.78’N, 75°11.73’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 29 Apr 2001 Fisherman’s Point, (19°55.20’N, 75°9.70’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 29 Apr 2001 Guantánamo River, (19°54.80’N, 75°11.75’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 29 Apr 2001 Salinas Point, (19°58.15’N, 75°9.12’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. data One calf GTMO 18 Jun 2001 Hicacal Beach, (19°56.00’N, 75°10.80’W) C Sig 5 GTMO unpub. data Two calves GTMO 20 Jul 2001 Caracoles Point, (19°56.43’N, 75°9.02’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 25 Jul 2001 Hicacal Beach, (19°56.05’N, 75°10.75’W) C Sig 3 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 20 Oct 2001 Conde Beach, (19°55.10’N, 75°8.63’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 20 Oct 2001 Security Boat Shed, (19°55.11’N, 75°8.60’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 26 Oct 2001 Guantánamo River, (19°54.78’N, 75°11.74’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 22 Apr 2002 Hicacal Beach, (19°56.05’N, 75°10.71’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 22 Apr 2002 Hicacal Beach, (19°56.02’N, 75°10.81’W) C Sig 4 GTMO unpub. data One calf GTMO 23 May 2002 Guantánamo River, (19°54.79’N, 75°11.73’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 23 May 2002 Corinaso Cove, (19°54.80’N, 75°9.31’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 19 Jul 2002 Corinaso Cove, (19°54.77’N, 75°9.37’W) C Sig 4 GTMO unpub. data Two calves GTMO 28 Jul 2002 MWR Marina (19°55.56’N, 75°8.33’W) C Sig 3 GTMO unpub. data One calf Ramp, GTMO 1 Aug 2002 Corinaso Cove, (19°54.78’N, 75°9.37’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. data GTMO

115 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 17 Aug 2002 Hicacal Beach, (19°56.03’N, 75°10.77’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 25 Aug 2002 Guantánamo River, (19°54.78’N, 75°11.72’W) C Sig 3 GTMO unpub. One calf GTMO data 2003 Caravella Point, (19°56.19’N, 75°7.74’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 2003 Conde Beach, (19°55.71’N, 75°11.40’W) C Sig 6 GTMO unpub. Two calves GTMO data 2003 Conde Beach, (19°55.79’N, 75°11.26’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 2003 Desal Plant, (19°55.13’N, 75°9.49’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. One calf GTMO data 2003 Desal Plant, (19°55.11’N, 75°9.50’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. One calf GTMO data 2003 Fisherman’s Point, (19°55.16’N, 75°9.85’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 2003 Fisherman’s Point, (19°55.19’N, 75°9.78’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. One calf GTMO data 2003 Guantánamo River, (19°54.80’N, 75°11.74’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 2003 Hicacal Beach, (19°56.04’N, 75°10.73’W) C Sig 7 GTMO unpub. Three calves GTMO data 2003 St. Nicholas (19°54.74’N, 75°11.56’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 2003 St. Nicholas (19°54.78’N, 75°11.54’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 2003 St. Nicholas (19°54.73’N, 75°11.58’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. One calf Channel, GTMO data 19 Feb 2003 St. Nicholas (19°54.75’N, 75°11.53’W) C Sig 3 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 23 Mar 2003 Conde Beach, (19°55.70’N, 75°11.44’W) C Sig 4 GTMO unpub. One calf GTMO data 31 Mar 2003 Granadillo Bay, (19°57.22’N, 75°7.01’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 9 Apr 2003 Guantánamo River, (19°54.79’N, 75°11.75’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 21 Apr 2003 Conde Beach, (19°55.74’N, 75°11.35’W) C Sig 4 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 22 Apr 2003 Conde Beach, (19°55.76’N, 75°11.28’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 22 Apr 2003 Guantánamo River, (19°54.81’N, 75°11.76’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 25 Apr 2003 St. Nicholas (19°54.73’N, 75°11.53’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 4 May 2003 Fisherman’s Point, (19°55.21’N, 75°9.63’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 4 May 2003 St. Nicholas (19°54.76’N, 75°11.57’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 14 Nov 2004 Entrance Channel (19°56.06’N, 75°7.68’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. at Dock of the Bay, data GTMO 25 Sept 2005 Guantánamo River, (19°54.79’N, 75°11.72’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 25 Sept 2005 St. Nicholas (19°54.76’N, 75°11.54’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 2 March 2006 Near Hospital (19°56.46’N, 75°7.16’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Cove, GTMO data 11 March 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.59’N, 75°11.34’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 12 March 2006 Near Officer (19°55.39’N, 75°8.43’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Landing, GTMO data 12 March 2006 Near Pier 33, N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 14 March 2006 Near Marker 8, (19°56.07’N, 75°8.90’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 29 March 2006 Near Officer (19°55.39’N, 75°8.43’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Landing, GTMO data

116 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 31 March Near Officer (19°55.39’N, 75°8.43’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. 2006 Landing, GTMO data 4 April 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.56’N, 75°11.39’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 13 April 2006 Near Small Craft (19°55.17’N, 75°8.71’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 13 April 2006 Near Boat Shed, (19°56.11’N, 75°8.61’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 16 April 2006 Near Buoy 3, (19°55.49’N, 75°10.30’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 18 April 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.63’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 21 April 2006 Near Buoy 5, (19°55.85’N, 75°10.14’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 2 May 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.59’N, 75°11.37’W) C Sig 3 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 7 May 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.58’N, 75°11.42’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 10 May 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.61’N, 75°11.39’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 11 May 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.58’N, 75°11.39’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 18 May 2006 Mouth of St. (19°54.57’N, 75°11.41’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. Nicholas Channel, data GTMO 18 May 2006 Water Gate near N/A C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. Hospital Cove, data GTMO 18 May 2006 Mouth of St. (19°54.55’N, 75°11.41’W) C Sig 4 GTMO unpub. Nicholas Channel, data GTMO 20 May 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.67’N, 75°11.39’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 24 May 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.66’N, 75°11.41’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 26 May 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.59’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 27 May 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.59’N, 75°11.43’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 30 May 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.56’N, 75°11.43’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 4 June 2006 Near Buoy 1, (19°54.76’N, 75°10.35’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 8 June 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.56’N, 75°11.35’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 11 June 2006 Near Corinaso (19°55.09’N, 75°9.25’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. Point/Cove, data GTMO 11 June 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.52’N, 75°11.42’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 15 June 2006 Near Hicacle Beach, (19°56.07’N, 75°10.70’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 17 June 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.52’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 20 June 2006 Near Buoy 2, (19°54.61’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. GTMO data 22 June 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.61’N, 75°11.37’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 22 June 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.68’N, 75°11.41’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 24 June 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.60’N, 75°11.32’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 24 June 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.64’N, 75°11.34’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 26 June 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.58’N, 75°11.34’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Channel, GTMO data 26 June 2006 Leeward Ferry (19°54.60’N, 75°11.41’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. Landing, GTMO data

117 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 29 June 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.61’N, 75°11.35’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 2 July 2006 Cable Crossing, (19°54.46’N, 75°10.09’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 3 July 2006 MWR Marina, (19°55.56’N, 75°8.34’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 4 July 2006 Near Hospital Cay, (19°56.77’N, 75°8.67’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 4 July 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.52’N, 75°11.44’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 5 July 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.53’N, 75°11.35’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 6 July 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.53’N, 75°11.39’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 9 July 2006 Pier 33, GTMO N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data

9 July 2006 Industrial Area, (19°55.23’N, 75°9.02’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 11 July 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.64’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 22 July 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.65’N, 75°11.36’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 23 July 2006 Mouth of (19°54.74’N, 75°11.65’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Guantánamo River, GTMO 23 July 2006 Romance Cove, (19°54.41’N, 75°10.04’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 23 July 2006 Mouth of (19°54.72’N, 75°11.65’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Guantánamo River, GTMO 27 July 2006 Officer Landing, (19°55.39’N, 75°8.43’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 28 July 2006 Near Boat Shed, (19°56.11’N, 75°8.61’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 30 July 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.58’N, 75°11.41’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 31 July 2006 Near Deer Point, (19°55.16’N, 75°8.42’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 5 Aug 2006 Near CG Boathouse, N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 5 Aug 2006 Mouth of (19°54.73’N, 75°11.61’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Guantánamo River, GTMO 11 Aug 2006 Mouth of St. (19°54.67’N, 75°11.35’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Nicholas Channel, GTMO 11 Aug 2006 Mouth of St. (19°54.68’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Nicholas Channel, GTMO 14 Aug 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.56’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 15 Aug 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.56’N, 75°11.32’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 15 Aug 2006 Near Guantánamo (19°54.64’N, 75°11.95’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data River, GTMO 5 Aug 2006 Near Small Craft (19°55.17’N, 75°8.71’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 20 Aug 2006 Near Buoy 4, (19°55.13’N, 75°10.14’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 20 Aug 2006 Near Romance (19°54.41’N, 75°10.04’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Cove, GTMO 23 Aug 2006 Guantánamo River, (19°54.70’N, 75°12.01’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 26 Aug 2006 Near Glass Beach, (19°54.53’N, 75°10.01’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 31 Aug 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.62’N, 75°11.36’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO

118 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 4 Sept 2006 Guantánamo River, (19°54.69’N, 75°11.96’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 5 Sept 2006 Mouth of (19°54.73’N, 75°11.68’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Guantánamo River, GTMO 7 Sept 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.47’N, 75°11.44’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 9 Sept 2006 Near Glass Beach, (19°54.53’N, 75°10.01’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 9 Sept 2006 Philips Dive Park, (19°53.90’N, 75°9.97’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 10 Sept 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.47’N, 75°11.41’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 13 Sept 2006 Guantánamo River, (19°54.67’N, 75°12.20’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 14 Sept 2006 Near Granadillo (19°57.08’N, 75°7.08’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Point, GTMO 15 Sept 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.49’N, 75°11.39’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 16 Sept 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.46’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 21 Sept 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.48’N, 75°11.36’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 21 Sept 2006 Fisherman’s Point, (19°55.11’N, 75°9.51’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 26 Sept 2006 MWR Marina, (19°55.56’N, 75°8.34’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 28 Sept 2006 Near Buoy 3, (19°55.49’N, 75°10.30’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 28 Sept 2006 Near Pier 33, N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 30 Sept 2006 MWR Marina, (19°55.56’N, 75°8.34’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 1 Oct 2006 Near Guantánamo (19°54.68’N, 75°12.04’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data River, GTMO 4 Oct 2006 Guantánamo River, (19°54.69’N, 75°12.08’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 6 Oct 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.44’N, 75°11.43’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 6 Oct 2006 Leeward Landing, (19°54.59’N, 75°11.42’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 8 Oct 2006 Near Buoy 1, (19°54.76’N, 75°10.35’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 9 Oct 2006 Near Ferry Landing, (19°55.16’N, 75°8.42’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 12 Oct 2006 Near St. Nicholas (19°54.40’N, 75°11.47’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 14 Oct 2006 Between Buoy 1 and (19°54.57’N, 75°10.75’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data 2, GTMO 16 Oct 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.42’N, 75°11.40’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 17 Oct 2006 Guantánamo River, (19°54.76’N, 75°12.06’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 20 Oct 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.43’N, 75°11.37’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 23 Oct 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.39’N, 75°11.43’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 26 Oct 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.40’N, 75°11.39’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 28 Oct 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.45’N, 75°11.35’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 29 Oct 2006 Guantánamo River, (19°54.76’N, 75°12.21’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 30 Oct 2006 Near Mouth (19°55.16’N, 75°8.42’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data of Evans Point Channel, GTMO

119 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 31 Oct 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.41’N, 75°11.43’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 5 Nov 2006 Near Buoy 4, (19°55.13’N, 75°10.14’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 5 Nov 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.40’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 9 Nov 2006 St. Nicholas (19°54.38’N, 75°11.41’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 15 Nov 2006 Near Day Marker 5, N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 19 Nov 2006 Near Romance (19°54.41’N, 75°10.04’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Cove, GTMO 13 Jan 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.39’N, 75°11.48’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 18 Jan 2007 Camilo Cienfuegos (22°13.80’N, 81°55.83’W) C Sig 2 Alvarez-Alemán et Cow-calf pair; photographs Power Plant, Santa al. (2010) taken; cow identified as CR131 Cruz del Norte 27 Jan 2007 Near Industrial Area, (19°55.23’N, 75°9.02’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 3 Feb 2007 Camilo Cienfuegos (22°13.80’N, 81°55.83’W) C Sig 2 Alvarez-Alemán et Photo-ID matched to cow-calf Power Plant, Santa al. (2010) pair from previous Camilo Cruz del Norte Cienfuegos record 11 Feb 2007 Mouth of St. (19°54.37’N, 75°11.44’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Nicholas Channel, GTMO 15 Feb 2007 Near Hospital N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Landing, GTMO 25 Mar 2007 Mouth of (19°54.73’N, 75°11.79’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Guantánamo River, GTMO 5 Apr 2007 Camilo Cienfuegos (22°13.80’N, 81°55.83’W) C Sig 2 Alvarez-Alemán et Photo-ID matched to cow-calf Power Plant, Santa al. (2010) pair from previous Camilo Cruz del Norte Cienfuegos record 11 Apr 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.37’N, 75°11.38’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 4 May 2007 Near Buoy 4, (19°55.13’N, 75°10.14’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 27 May 2007 Near Buoy 1, (19°54.76’N, 75°10.35’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 5 Jun 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.50’N, 75°11.34’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 12 Jun 2007 Guantánamo River, (19°54.72’N, 75°11.75’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 28 Jun 2007 MWR Marina, (19°55.56’N, 75°8.34’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 1 Jul 2007 South of Buoy 6, (19°55.29’N, 75°9.65’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 6 Jul 2007 Near St. Nicholas N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Point, GTMO 14 Jul 2007 Near Hospital Cay, (19°56.77’N, 75°8.67’W) C Sig 2 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 17 Jul 2007 Outside St. Nicholas N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 12 Aug 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.38’N, 75°11.50’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 5 Sept 2007 Between Buoy 3 and (19°54.89’N, 75°10.75’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data 4, GTMO 11 Sept 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.52’N, 75°11.30’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 8 Oct 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.70’N, 75°11.39’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 18 Oct 2007 Near St. Nicholas N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Point, GTMO 21 Oct 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.47’N, 75°11.32’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 27 Oct 2007 Near Leeward Ferry (19°54.62’N, 75°11.39’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Landing, GTMO

120 Species/Date Location Position Statusa Typeb Group Sourcec Comments Size 27 Oct 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.58’N, 75°11.36’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 28 Oct 2007 Mouth of (19°54.58’N, 75°11.36’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Guantánamo River, GTMO 7 Nov 2007 Near Buoy 3, St. (19°54.60’N, 75°11.40’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Nicholas Channel, GTMO 24 Nov 2007 Santa Bargo, N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 3 Dec 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.41’N, 75°11.50’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 6 Dec 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.43’N, 75°11.45’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 10 Dec 2007 St. Nicholas (19°54.38’N, 75°11.53’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO 31 Dec 2007 MWR Marina, (19°55.56’N, 75°8.34’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 6 Jan 2008 HD9, GTMO N/A C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data 9 Jan 2008 Fisherman’s Point, (19°55.10’N, 75°9.44’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data GTMO 9 Jan 2008 Mouth of (19°54.71’N, 75°11.71’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Guantánamo River, GTMO 13 Jan 2008 St. Nicholas (19°54.50’N, 75°11.37’W) C Sig 1 GTMO unpub. data Channel, GTMO

PINNIPEDIA Monachus tropicalis ca. 1520 Arrecifés Viboras (21°40’N, 79°57’W) P Cap N/A Díaz Del Castillo (1912) 1877 – 1878 Isla de Juventud (22°08’N, 82°29’W) C Cap N/A Allen (1880) (winter) 1883 Habana (23°08’N, 82°22’W) C Cap 1 Allen (1887); Elliott (1884) 1930s Baracoa (20°21’N, 74°30’W) C Sig N/A Campbell (1978) 1930s Santiago (20°00’N, 75°51’W) C Sig N/A Campbell (1978) Unidentified pinniped 1987 Off southern coast N/A C Sig 1 Mignucci-Giannoni Possible hooded seal of Cuba and Odell (2001)

Units are abbreviated: hCuba news from Radio Havana Cuba. Whales spotted on Cuba’s southern meter (m), centimeter (cm), circa (ca.) coast. Accessed 8 November 2008. http://www.radiohc.org/ Other abbreviations: Distributions/Radio_Havana_English/.2000/2000_jun/Radio_Havana_ N/A – information not available; Cuba-19_June_2000_22:00. POP – Pelagic Observer Program; iGonzález, O., Ministerio de Ciencia Tecnología y Medio Ambiente GTMO – U.S. Naval Station Guantánamo Bay; (CITMA) de Cayo Coco, pers. comm., August 2002. USNM – Smithsonian Institution National Museum of Natural History jYánez, A., Patrón del Catamarán de Turismo DODY, pers. comm., (United States National Museum), Washington, D.C. February 2005. kMoreno, F. and Carvajal, A., Patrón y Maquinista del Yate de Turismo aStatus/verification of record: C=Confirmed; P=Possible; D=Doubtful Marlin, pers. comm., April 2006. bType of record: Sig=Sighting; Str=Stranding; Cap=Capture; Det=Tagging lBallenas frente a las costas de Baracoa. 201 Lecturas by Soler Costafreda, A. Detection. Note that all osteological records are listed as strandings, and Accessed 13 March 2008. www.portal.jovenclub.cu. captures include bycatch and whaling records. mVarona (1965) initially reported this specimen as a sei whale; Mead (1977) cOnly primary sources are listed for each record. Secondary sources are also later determined it to be a Bryde’s whale based on descriptions of the rostrum included if they contain specific information that was not included in the and close examination of the baleen. primary source or if the primary source could not be found. nSoberat, A., Acuario de Baconao, Santiago de Cuba, pers. comm., 1997. dGuitart, D., Academia de Ciencias Tecnología y Medio Ambiente de Cuba, oLauranzon Meléndez, B., Museo de Historia Natural de Santiago de Cuba, pers. comm., 1998 and May 2005. pers. comm., 29 April 2009. eCarrillo, E. and Echemendía J., La Cooperativa de Pesca Caibarien Villa pCárdenas, J., Patrón del Velero Ying Yang de Puerto Sol, pers. comm., April Clara, pers. comm., July 1997. 2002. fCuba news from Radio Havana Cuba. Humpback whale dies off Cuban qViña, N. and Tamayo, J.A., Centro Oriental de Ecosistemas y Biodiversidad coast. Accessed 26 April 2008. http://www.radiohc.org/Distributions/ (BIOECO), pers. comm., February 2006. Radio_Havana_English/.1999/99_jan/rhc-eng-01.20.99. rKenney, R., University of Rhode Island, pers. comm., 22 July 2009. gDíaz Fernández, R., Centro de Investigaciones Marinas, Universidad de la sTamaño, J.A., Centro de Biodivercidad de Ecosistemas Costeros de la zona Habana, pers. comm., 7 August 2006. Oriental de Cuba, pers. comm., February 2004.

121 tRomero, S., Acuario de Baconao, Santiago de Cuba, pers. comm., September xEchemendía J., La Cooperativa de Pesca Caibarien Villa Clara, pers. comm., 2007. 2006. uAnido, T., Academia de Ciencias Tecnología y Medio Ambiente de la Isla de yGuevara, C., Acuario Nacional de Cuba, pers. comm., 2004. la Juventud, pers. comm., December 2006. zMartínez, E., Patrón de la embarcacion Veneciana II de la Marina de Tarara, vRomero, Z., Acuario de Baconao, Santiago de Cuba, pers. comm., 2006 Habana, pers. comm., 2005. and 2007. a1Isla, V., Acuario Nacional de Cuba, pers. comm., 2008. wData were geo-referenced from the discernible sightings in the figures b1Rivera, J., Mundo Latino, Habana, pers. comm., 2008. included in Pérez-Cao (2004) and Alvarez Alemán et al. (2009) since exact c1Title of article incorrectly refers to pilot whales but the body of the article coordinates of these records were not available. No exact dates or group sizes discusses “Grampus griseus”. This record is discussed further in the text. could be matched to these records. d1Sánchez, L., Acuario Nacional de Cuba, pers. comm., 1997.

122