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Significant Data on Major Disasters Worldwide, 1900-Present

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Significant Data on Major Disasters Worldwide, 1900-Present DISASTER HISTORY Signi ficant Data on Major Disasters Worldwide, 1900 - Present Prepared for the Office of U.S. Foreign Disaster Assistance Agency for International Developnent Washington, D.C. 20523 Labat-Anderson Incorporated Arlington, Virginia 22201 Under Contract AID/PDC-0000-C-00-8153 INTRODUCTION The OFDA Disaster History provides information on major disasters uhich have occurred around the world since 1900. Informtion is mare complete on events since 1964 - the year the Office of Fore8jn Disaster Assistance was created - and includes details on all disasters to nhich the Office responded with assistance. No records are kept on disasters uhich occurred within the United States and its territories.* All OFDA 'declared' disasters are included - i.e., all those in uhich the Chief of the U.S. Diplmtic Mission in an affected country determined that a disaster exfsted uhich warranted U.S. govermnt response. OFDA is charged with responsibility for coordinating all USG foreign disaster relief. Significant anon-declared' disasters are also included in the History based on the following criteria: o Earthquake and volcano disasters are included if tbe mmber of people killed is at least six, or the total nmber uilled and injured is 25 or more, or at least 1,000 people art affect&, or damage is $1 million or more. o mather disasters except draught (flood, storm, cyclone, typhoon, landslide, heat wave, cold wave, etc.) are included if the drof people killed and injured totals at least 50, or 1,000 or mre are homeless or affected, or damage Is at least S1 mi 1l ion. o Drought disasters are included if the nunber affected is substantial. o Accidents (fire, plane crash, train wreck, etc.) are included if the nunber of people killed and injured is at least 100, or damage is estimated at S1 million or more. o Civil strife disasters are rrjt included unless the U.S. government provided relief assistance. Exceptions to the above have been made in the case of small island countries. Disasters affecting such cowtries mv Se included even if the extent of damage is not knoun because of the relatively greater impact of disasters on small island economies. In all disasters, the nuher of people killed and the nunber affected are recorded as exclusive categories. The various f ield headings and acronyms used in this report are explained below. DlSNO (Disaster Nunber): The first two digits of the DlSNO indicate the fiscal year in which the event occurred; the last three digits are sequence nunbers within the fiscal year. khrs001 through 100 are assigned to declared disasters and mmbers 101 through 999 to undeclared disasters. --STR DT, DECL DT (Strike Date, Declaration Date): The format is Year/Month/Day, e.g., July 4, 1984, would be 84/07/04. The STR DT is the date on which the event began; the DECL DT is the date on which the U.S. Anhssador determined that a disaster had occurred, triggering OFDA response. Absence of a STRIKE DAY or STRIKE MONTH/DAY indicates that the exac: begiming date of the disaster is unknown. A declaration date has hen supplied for some of the earlier declared disasters if the determination date was not recorded. -REG (Region): ALL - WRLDWIDE; NA - NORTH AMERICA; CA - CENTRAL AUERICA; CARB - CARIBBEAN; SA - SOUTH AMERICA; PAC - PACIFIC; ASIA - ASIA; WE - NEAR EAST; AFR - AFRICA; EUR - EUROPE. * Consult the Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) for information concerning US. disasters. TY (Disaster Tmr: AC - ACCIDENT; AV - AVALANCHE; CS - CIVIL STRIFE; CU - COLD WAVE; CY - CYCLONE; DP - DISPLACED PERSONS; DR - DROUGHT; EQ - EARTHQUAKE; EM - EMERGENCY; EP - EPIDEMIC; EX - EXPELLEES; FA - FANINE; F1 - FIRE; FL - FLW; FS - FOOD SHORTAGE; HU - HEAT MAE; HU - HURRICANE; IN - INFESTATION; LS - LANDSLIDE; PS - POWER SHORTAGE; RE - REFUGEES; ST - STORM; TS - TSUNAMI; TY - TYPHOON; UP - UNUSUAL PHENONENON; VO - VOLCANO. KILLED, AFFECTED, HOMELESS, K S DAMAGE (thousands of dollars): Figures may be preliminary for recent disasters, and zeros in these colums may sinply indicate no reliable estimate was available. Amounts for K S DAMAGE are not indexed or adjusted for inflation. Corrections or additions to information in this report are welcomed and should be sent to OFDA, Agency for International Development, Roan 12621\, NS, Uashington, D.C. 20523, U.S.A. NOTES - Disaster Types Regions AC accident FL flood AFR Africa CS civil strife FS food shortage ASIA Asia CW cold wave HU hurricane CA Central America CY cyclone HW heat wave CAR3 Caribbean DP displaced persons IN infestation EUR Europe DR drought LS landslide NA North America EM emergency PS power shortage NE Near East EP epidemic RE refugees PAC Pacific EQ earthquake ST storm 3A South America EX expellees TS tsunami FI fire UP unusual phenomenon VO volcano . Disasters that occurred in the former Soviet Union prior to FY 1992 are listed under Soviet Union in this volume, with the relevant republic identified in the comments field. Disasters occurring in FY 1992 and after in the former Soviet Union will be listed under the individual independent states in the disaster history file. Disaster types and regions have been abbreviated for some graphs, using the following combinations: Disaster Twes AU accident, unusual phenomenon CED civil strife, emergency, displaced persons, expellees CHTS cyclone, hurricane, typhoon, storm DF drought, food shortage, famine EP epidemic EQT earthquake, tsunami FI fire FL flood IN infestation LS landslide, avalanche vo volcano DISASTERS BY COUNTRY DISASTERS BY COUNTRY Declared Disasters FY 83 - FY 92 All Disasters FY 83 - FY 92 . Sovlet Union' 42 Brazll 41 Mexlco 31 Paru 28 Vlelnam 25 *Inoludaa Indapandant Otmbm of the Fornar Oovfat Unfon Counlrlrr hrvlno 26 or more rrcordr DECLARED DISASTERS BY REGION DECLARED DISASTERS 3Y REGION FY 1983 - FY 1987 FY 1988 - FY 1982 AFR 08 46% AFR 138 48% SA 30 14% PAC 17 8% SA 20 7% EUR 18 8% DECLARED DISASTERS BY TYPE ALL DISASTERS BY TYPE FY 83 - FY 87 and FY 88 - FY 92 FY 83 - FY 87 and FY 88 - FY 92 No. of Recorde No. of Records 80 1 --- -- - ol,,l,,ll,,l, AU CCD CHTE DF EP EOT R FL HO IN 18 VO FY 87 109 23 138 87 44 61 64 148 10 28 23 13 FY 82 161 74 112 63 68 88 20 182 6 21 27 12 DECLARED CIVIL STRIFE DISASTERS No. of Records 1983 1984 1985 1986 1987 1988 1989 1990 1991 Fiscal Years I All Disaster Types Cfsi! Strife* il *Includes Displaced Persons/Emergencies/Expellees EARTHQUAKE DISASTERS BY MONTH VOLCANO DISASTERS BY MONTH FY 1900 - FY 1992 FY 1900 - FY 1992 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUQ 8EP OCT NW DEC FLOOD DISASTERS BY MONTH FIRE DISASTERS BY MONTH FY 1900 - FY 1992 FY 1900 - FY 1992 JAN FEB MAR APR MAY JUN JUL AUQ. 8EP OCT INOV DEC JAN FEE MAR APR MAY JUN OCT NOV DEC ASIA AFGHANISTAN NORTH 64/06/13 ASlA AFGHANISTAN MINE EXPLOSION; TOUN OF KARKAR 69/01/01 ASIA AFGHANISTAN PROVINCE OF PAKTIA 71/08/07 ASIA AFGHANISTAN CENTRAL, N.Y., N.E. ASIA AFGHANISTAN WEST ASIA AFGHANISTAN KHINJAN PASS ASIA AFGHANISTAN WEST NORTHWEST 76/94/12 ASlA AFGHANISTAN HERAT, FARAH, KANDAHAR ASlA AFGHANISTAN HINDU KUSH 78/07/16 ASIA AFGHANISTAN C. E., 8 PAK. BORDER; 140 INJ. ASIA AFGHANISTAN 3 SOUTHERN PROVINCES ASIA AFGHANISTAN HINDU KUSH: 3,000 1115. ASIA AFGHANISTAN PAKJAFGWN. BORDER; 483 1NJ. ASIA AFGHANISTAN CHITRAL/HINDU KUSH AREA; COlSMlNICATlONS DISRUPTED ASlA AFGHAN ISTAN BAbAKHSHAW/HEMT/JWZJAN; ALSO KABUL 8 OTMER CITIES; HANY KILLED 8 1N:URED; EXTENSIVE DAMAGE 10CROPS, HOUSES, ROADS, BRIDGES, IRRIGATIUH CANALS 91021 91/02/01 91/02/21 ASIA AFGHANISTAN EARTHWAKE IN REMOTE AREAS N. 8 S. Oi HINDU KUSH 8 FLOOOS IN St. PROVS. CAUSED HEAW DAMAGE TO HOMES, CROPS, AND INFRASTRUCTURE; FIGS. FOR BOTH DISASTERS 91153 91/05 ASIA AFGHANISTAN JAWZJAN PROV.; ESTIMATED 6,000 HWSES FLOODED 92162 92/09/02 ASIA AFGHANISTAN FLOOOS IN KUSH MTS. NORTH OF KABUL HIT VILLAGES ALONG KALOMK, GHORBAND, & SHUTUL VALLEYS, KILLING MANY 8 DESTROYING BUILDINGS, FARM LAND, 8 AGRICULTURAL CANALS Thursday, 29 July 1993 08:41 OFFICE OF U.S. FOREIGN DISASTER ASSISTANCE DISASTER HISTORY REPORT CWNTRY: AFRICA AFR AFRICA DIRIGIBLE VANISHED; HED. OFF N. AFRb3 AFR AFRICA C. AFRICA DROUGHT; RWANDA, BURUNDI AFR AFRICA FLASH FLOODS; HOZnBQ., ZIMBABWE, S. AFRICA AFR AFRICA YELLOW FNER; UEST AFRICW11 CWNTRIES AFR AFRICA SAHEL-GENERAL; CENTRAL UEST AFKE AFR AFRICA CONTINUATIC!! !!":ii'iE URWGHT; SEE FY 73 AFR AFRICA CYCLONE WILIE; S.E. COAST AFRICA 78/11/01 AFR AFRICA AFR AFRICA 6 COUNTRIES AFR AFRICA SAHEL DROUGHT; 6 COUNTRIES AFR AFRICA EAST AFRIW5 CWNTRIES AFR AFRICA WCH OF CONTINENT 92/06/08 AFR AFRICA SWT#ER:: AFRICA DRWGH?; SEE ANGOLA, BOTSUAWA, LESOTHO, NALAWI, HOWPIWE, KUIIBIA, SWAZILAND, TANZANIA, ZAMBIA, ZIHPABWE; AFFECTED TOTAL FOR REG. WAS 18.1 MIL Thursday, 29 July 1993 08:41 OFFICE OF U.S. FOREIGN DISASTER ASSISTANCE DISASTER HISTORY REPORT COUNTRY: ALBANIA 68101 67/11/30 EUR ALBANIA EQ 11 0 0 0 ALBANIA-YUGO. BORDER, SHUPENZE; 134 INJ. 79101 79/04/15 EUR ALBANIA EQ 35 0 0 0 350 INJ. 91032 91 91/03/29 EUR ALBANIA EH 0 3,200,000 0 0 3-YEAR DROUGHT & DISRUPTION OF MEDICAL SERVICES JEOPARDIZED HEALTH OF 3.2 HIL. POPULATION Thursday, 29 July 1993 08:41 OFFICE OF U.S. FOREIGN DISASTER ASSISTANCE DISASTER HISTORY REPORT COUNTRY: ALGERIA 46103 46 AFR ALGERIA 0 0 0 CONSTANTINE 54103 54/09/09 AFR ALGERIA 0 0 0 ORLE WSVILLE 64111 63/12 AFR ALGERIA 45,400 45,400 0 SWThYRN 65007 64/07/27 64/07/27 AFR ALGERIA 200 0 0 SHIP EXPLOSION; BONE; 200 INJ. 65028 65/01/01 65/01/01 AFR ALGERIA 37,000 12,000 2,000 MaSI:A & ENVIRONS; 350 INJ.
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