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ABSTRACTS Mary Anne Witzzzel, PH.D., EDITOR 1986 ABSTRACTS COMMITTEE Alison Bagnall, L.C.S.T., North Adelaide, Australia Dennis

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ABSTRACTS Mary Anne Witzzzel, PH.D., EDITOR 1986 ABSTRACTS COMMITTEE Alison Bagnall, L.C.S.T., North Adelaide, Australia Dennis ABSTRACTS Mary Anne WITzZzEL, PH.D., EDITOR 1986 ABSTRACTS COMMITTEE Alison Bagnall, L.C.S.T., North Adelaide, Australia Dennis O. Overman, Ph.D., Morgantown, WV Samir E. Bishara, D.D.S., Iowa City, IO Dennis A. Plint, B.D.S., London, England Ellen Cohn, Ph.D., Pittsburgh, PA Dennis N. Ranalli, D.D.S., Pittsburgh, PA Krishna R. Dronamraju, Ph.D., Houston, TX Ahmad Ridzwan Arshad, M.D., B.Ch., F.R.C.S., Michele Eliason, Ph.D., Iowa City, IO Kuala Lampor, Malaysia Desmond Fernandes, M.B., B.Ch., F.R.C.S., Stewart R. Rood, Ph.D., Pittsburgh, PA Rondeboach, South Africa Karl-Victor Sarnas, D.D.S., Malmo, Sweden Stephen Glaser, M.D., New York, NY Steven L. Snively, M.D., Dallas, TX John B. Gregg, M.D., Sioux Falls, SD Robert N. Staley, D.D.S., Iowa City, IO Gunilla Henningsson, B.A., Huddinge, Sweden David A. Stringer, M.D., Toronto, Canada Christine Huskie, L.C.S.T., Bearsden, Scotland Felicia Travis, M.A., Toronto, Canada Kaoru Tbuki, D.D.S., Ph.D., Osaka, Japan ' William C. Trier, M.D., Seattle, Washington Michael P. Karnell, Ph.D., Chicago, IL Emmanuel E. Ubinas, M.D., Dallas, TX Michael C. Kinnebrew, D.D.S., M.D., Christopher Ward, M.B., B.Ch., F.R.C.S., New Orleans, LA Isleworth, England William K. Kindsay, M.D., Toronto, Canada AARONSON SM, Fox DR, CrRroNnIN T. The Cronin push-back palate repair with nasal mucosal flaps: a speech evaluation. Plast Reconstr Surg 1985; 75:805-809. Ninety-two patients, from a total of 202 patients undergoing the Cronin push-back palate repair, were available for evaluation by the plastic surgeon and speech pathologist. Using ratings of intelligibility, articulation, and resonance, scales were based on the concept of social acceptability. Agreement between the surgeon and the speech pathologist was significant on intelligibility, but disagreement was significant on resonance and articu- lation. A normal intelligibility rating was found in 78 percent of patients, normal articulation in 66 percent, and normal resonance in 78 percent of patients. Repaired clefts of the soft palate demonstrated the highest percentage of normal articulation and resonance, and submucous clefts and patients with short palates had the lowest percentage of normal articulation and resonance. (Trier) Reprints: Dr. Scott M. Aaronson 69844 Suite K, Highway 111 Rancho Mirage, CA 92270 ARNDT EM, Travis F, LErEBVRE A, NiEc A, Munro IR. Beauty and the eye of the beholder: social consequences and personal adjustments for facial patients. Br J Plast Surg 1986; 39:81-84.. Patients' pre- and postoperative self-reports were compared with reports of nonmedical observers to inves- tigate whether improved self-esteem is a direct result of increased social acceptance in maxillo- and craniofa- cial patients. Twenty-two children and adolescents undergoing reconstructive surgery for a variety of facial deformities were asked to rate their physical appearance on the Hay's Scale and complete the Piers-Harris Self-Concept Scale. Their ratings were compared with scores given by a panel of lay volunteers on random presentation of pre- and postoperative photographs of the same patients. Patients rated their appearance as noticeably improved after surgery; their self-esteem rose significantly, and they reported more social adeptness and acceptance at home and school. Raters observed only relatively subtle changes. Apparently, quality of life improved for the postsurgical facial patient because of increased self-esteem and confidence, which helped to overcome social barriers. (Travis) Reprints: Mrs. E. Arndt Department of Social Work The Hospital for Sick Children 555 University Avenue Toronto, Ontario Canada MSG 1X8 321 322 Cleft Palate Journal, October 1986, Vol. 23 No. 4 BIRNBAUM LS, Harris MW, CP, PRATT RM, LAmB JC. Synergistic interaction of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin and hydrocortisone in the induction of cleft palate in mice. Teratology 1986; 33:29-35. A study is described in which two teratogens causing cleft palate in mice by different mechanisms are tested together for their synergistic action. The cleft palate induced 2,3, 7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) acts on the palate epithelium, and the glucocorticoid hydrocortisone (HC) acts on the mesenchymal cells of the palatal shelves. TDCC alone at a threshold dose of 3 g/kg did not induce cleft palate. HC at 100 mg/kg, the highest dose tested, caused 30 percent cleft palate. Combination of the two compounds, even at the lowest dose of HC, resulted in 100 percent cleft palate, accompanied by decreased litter size and fetal weight and increased fetal mortality. Palates treated with both compounds resembled morphologically those treated with HC alone. Since HC is an endogenous steroid, and there is widespread use of other corticosteroids in the population, and since TDCC appears to enhance the toxicity of HC, the possibility of environmental exposure to TDCC and other related toxic chemicals may be significant in terms of the possible induction of cleft pa- late. (Overman) Reprints: Dr. Linda S. Birnbaum Systemic Toxicology Branch National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences P.O. Box 12233 Research Triangle Park, NC 27709 BunipGAArRD M, MrELsEN B, TErp S. Changes during and following total maxillary osteotomy (Le Fort I procedure): a cephalometric study. Eur J Orthod 1986; 8:21-29. Profile radiographs of 16 adult patients before, subsequent to, and 1 year following a total maxillary os- teotomy were studied. The purpose of the study was to evaluate (1) osseous stability, (2) the relation between hard and soft tissue changes, and (3) the predictability of soft tissue changes on the basis of operative changes. The displacement of the maxilla in relation to the cranial base was expressed as a translation and a rotation. Correlation and stepwise regression analyses were the statistical methods applied. The authors reached the following conclusions: (1) Hard tissue changes were stable in the horizontal plane, whereas maxillary intru- sion continued following the operation. (2) The ratio between hard and soft tissue changes was low for nose and subnasal structures, whereas the upper lip seemed to follow the underlying structures. (3) Soft tissue changes had a low predictability when related to x and y coordinates of the underlying hard tissue, but were markedly influenced by the rotational changes of the maxillary plane. (Author's abstract: Henningsson) Reprints: Dr. Mette Bundgaard Royal Dental College Institute of Orthodontics Vennelyst Boulevard DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark Burzynskt CM, Starr CD. Effects of feedback filtering on nasalization and self-perception of nasality. J Speech Hear Res 1985; 28:585-588. The effects of feedback filtering on nasality perception were investigated by having speakers produce sen- tences while hearing their voices unfiltered and low-pass filtered with cut-off frequencies of 1,000, 500, and 300 Hz. As they spoke, speakers judged the nasality in their productions using a ratio scale. Measurements of nasalization were made with a miniature accelerometer attached to the side of the speaker's nose. Data obtained indicated that the speakers decreased their nasalization slightly when they heard their voices low- pass filtered at each cut-off frequency. However, they did not perceive consistent changes in their own nasali- ty during the filtered conditions. These findings are interpreted as suggesting that nasalization is influenced by filtering air-conducted auditory information and that relationships between the acoustic correlates of nasali- zation and self-perception of nasality are complex. (Author's abstract) Reprints: Dr. Cecile M. Burzynski Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology University of Iowa Iowa City, Iowa 52242 ABSTRACTS 323 Cappy CM, RE CD. An atraumatic technique for harvesting cancellous bone for secondary alveolar bone grafting in cleft palate. Br J Plast Surg 1985; 38:540-543. Secondary alveolar bone grafting in cleft palate patients has been popularized by the Oslo group. Harvest- ing of the bone graft has been carried out by techniques developed initially for craniofacial surgery. This paper describes a more refined technique applicable to the requirements of alveolar bone grafting. The Craig bone biopsy set is used to trephine cores of autogenous particulate marrow and cancellous bone from the iliac bone. The method was tested in a cadaver and then applied in 10 clinical cases. The esthetic and func- tional results of this technique proved to be superior to the conventional approach. (Plint) _ Reprints: Dr. D. Reid | Department of Plastic Surgery Frenchay Hospital Bristol Bs16 1LE De M, BARNARD D, BIRNIE D. Sensory nerve morbidity following Le Fort I osteotomy. J Maxillofac Surg 1986; 14:10-13. The Le Fort I osteotomy has been used increasingly frequently in the management of dentofacial deformity since the wide acceptance of the down-fracture technique. The improved access provided by this technique allows movement of the Le Fort I segment in three planes. This paper reviews briefly the neuroanatomy of the area and considers how the surgical technique of Le Fort I osteotomy interferes with the sensory nerve supply. The sensory nerve function in 10 patients who underwent Le Fort I osteotomy is reviewed. (Author's abstract) Reprints: Mr. D. Barnard Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Queen Alexandra Hospital Cosham Portsmouth, England PO6 3LY Erui0TT M, BULL R, James D, Lansbown R. Children's and adults' reactions to photographs taken before and after facial surgery. J Maxillofac Surg 1986; 14:18-21. This study is one of few that examines observers' evaluations of photographs of faces taken before and after relatively minor facial reconstructive surgery. Observers of over 13 years of age judged the "after'' operation faces to be significantly more attractive, intelligent, and happy than the "before'' faces. The judg- ments of observers less than 12 years of age were not affected, thus suggesting that adult negative stereotyp- ing of abnormal faces is due to social learning.
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