DOCSLIB.ORG

The St. Petersburg Times

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The St. Petersburg Times NO. 619 FRIDAY, NOVEMBER 10, 2000 WWW.SPTIMES.RU CENTRAL BANK RATE Of Nudity and Smirnov Versus Plagued by the 27.65 27.72 27.70 Severed Heads Smirnov ... Sanctions Curse 27.75 27.80 Mariinsky gets new version Rival brothers in feud for Irap sees an alarming rise in 27.85 27.90 of Strauss opera. Page 10. vodka company. Page 6. fatal diseases. Page 18. 11/01 11/02 11/03 11/09 11/10 U.S. Caught in Electoral Quagmire By David Royse tally by The Associated Press. The orig- In response to the Gore campaign’s risk doing so at the expense of our Buchanan said “ineptitude” in ballot THE ASSOCIATED PRESS inal “final” margin had been reported request for a manual recount, Palm democracy.” design may have caused many TALLAHASSEE, Florida — George at 1,784. Beach County agreed to hand-count More than a thousand Gore sup- Democrats to vote for him inadver- W. Bush’s lead over Al Gore in crucial The recount, required under state ballots in three precincts Saturday. porters demonstrated outside a govern- tently. Florida shrank to fewer than 400 votes law because of the close result, was still With the outcome of the presidential ment building in downtown West Palm James A. Baker III, the former sec- on Thursday, with allegations of irregu- in progress late Thursday, some 48 race in the balance, allegations on both Beach, demanding another election in retary of state brought in by Bush to larities swirling and several thousand hours after polls closed. sides became increasingly heated. the county. They said the confusing con- represent his interests in Florida, said, ballots from overseas residents still to Election officials said results Gore campaign manager William figuration of their ballot had cost the “That ballot was posted, as required by be counted. wouldn’t be certified until Nov. 17 or Daley said courts may find the Florida vice president votes. Florida law, in newspapers and public Recount results from 64 of the later — after at least 2,900 overseas result “an injustice unparalleled in our “Gore got more,” they chanted. places all over the state of Florida. And state’s 67 counties gave Republican ballots can be counted. Those ballots history.” Bush chairman Don Evans The Gore campaign contended the we haven’t heard one gripe about that Bush a lead of 362 votes out of nearly 6 had to be postmarked by Election Day countered, “The Democrats who are ballots in Palm Beach County were ille- ballot until after the voting took place.” million cast, according to an unofficial to count. politicizing and distorting these events gal. Reform Party candidate Pat See ELECTIONS, Page 2 Absentee Votes May Decide Florida By Sarah Karush and Irina Titova STAFF WRITERS In one of the most bizarre turns in U.S. electoral history, a vote counted in St. Petersburg, Russia could now seem to be more significant than a vote cast in St. Petersburg, Florida. That’s because a now-underway re- count in Florida — now the decisive state for the election — has George W. Bush leading Vice President Al Gore by a mere 941 votes. A recount was manda- tory under state law because the margin was less than one-half of 1 percentage point of the total number of votes cast in Florida, the Associated Press said. This therefore means that the deci- sive votes will be coming in from over- seas — cast as absentee ballots — and Florida reckons it will be counting 2,000 of those over the next ten days, officials there said. In the 1996 presidential election, Florida counted 2,300 overseas ballots. Many U.S. expatriates forego voting SERGEY GRACHEV/SPT because obtaining an absentee ballot Three Orthodox priests, who were protesting communist demonstrations on Palace Square on Tuesday — the Day of Harmony and On a Crusade Reconciliation — being led away by police. About 8,000 people gathered and shouted anti-government slogans.See Story, Page 3. can be a hassle and because they feel it is a futile exercise. After all, their votes often don’t arrive until well after the polls have closed and the votes have been tallied. Gulag Memories Live On in a Siberian Museum But Tuesday’s soon-to-be photo fin- ish race proved that every vote counts. REUTERS that would embrace all sides of tourism M-1247, recalls climbing the camp’s Quilted jackets, numbered caps, In some cases, the vote could threaten DOLINA KANYONA, Eastern Sibe- — nature, history, ethnic themes, ex- wooden stairs every morning to work, tarpaulin boots and tins litter the floor lives. “I’m from Florida,” said one ria — Josef Stalin sent millions of So- treme tourism, sport,” Alabushev said. whipped by a piercing wind and gnawed of the barracks and workshops. Florida resident in St. Petersburg who viet citizens down Siberia’s so-called “Dolina Kanyona fits ideally into by temperatures plummeting to minus At the top of a steep slope looms a didn’t vote. “I received a call from my “Road of Bones” to the misery and this idea. This place is unique; it has 50 degrees Celsius. huge refinery surrounded by heaps of ex-wife who lives there who said ‘If death of the gulag labor camps. mountains, lakes, cascading waterfalls, “Nature itself served as a guard cobalt ore, which the Cold War-era So- Gore wins I’ll kill you!’” Now tourists are being invited to the glaciers, rare animals. Here you can sat- here,” said Svertelov. viet military needed to make armor. That notwithstanding, many expats remote Kolyma track to Dolina Kany- isfy the most demanding tourist.” Since the camp closed in 1954, rivers Svertelov was banished to Dolina in St. Petersburg did their patriotic ona, a labor camp crumbling into the Snow-capped mountains overlook have washed away the wooden bridges Kanyona for the “crime” of having duty. Braving the process of red tape tundra nearly 50 years after its last in- Dolina Kanyona and the expanse of built by prisoners on the road that led been captured by Nazis while a soldier and postmarks, many St. Petersburg mate was released. Siberian taiga, whose autumnal reds, to it. But Dolina Kanyona’s isolation during World War II. expats of Floridian persuasion, how- Forty-six-year-old Alexei Alabushev, yellows and greens fan out around the and forbidding elements have helped it German prison was bad, but being ever, blew it. born the year the labor camp closed, crystal clear Verina river. remain one of the best preserved of treated as a traitor upon returning was One Floridian, who declined to be swapped a teaching career for an un- But some 2,000 Dolina Kanyona in- Kolyma’s 500 or so camps. worse. identified said he didn’t vote because he likely tourist dream amid the taiga and mates saw a different picture half a cen- Barbed wire still twists around the The only survivor of Dolina Kany- didn’t like the choices on offer. He tumbling rivers of Russia’s far northeast. tury ago. camp and metal bars criss-cross the tiny ona left in the regional center, Maga- See ABROAD, Page 2 “I wanted to come up with a project Vladimir Svertelov, prisoner number square windows of the prison barracks. See GULAG, Page 2 2 ❖ Friday, November 10, 2000 NEWS The St. Petersburg Times porter Don Liftman said. “Three thou- ELECTIONS sand Buchanan supporters in a county Continued from page 1 full of Jewish condo residents? I don’t think so.” All across the state, other allegations A few Republicans also attended the of voting improprieties ranged from rally, among them was George Ford, missing ballots to problems with tabula- who waved a large Bush-Cheney sign. tions and intimidation of black voters. “To think this is going to be decided In Tallahassee, several hundred student by a bunch of lawyers,” he said, “is just protesters from Florida A&M Univer- a tragedy.” sity marched to the Capitol and held a ❑ silent sit-in in the rotunda. Republican activist Don Weidner PORTLAND — In the “other” unde- said that he didn’t expect a judge to cided state of Oregon, Democrat Al order a new election based on the Gore on Thursday edged ahead of Re- complaints. publican George W. Bush in balloting “Absent a clear demonstration of for U.S. president as election workers fraud, I think it’s highly unlikely the counted the last handfuls of ballots cast. court will throw it out,” he said. While the nation focused on the Republicans were unhappy that dramatic recount of votes in Florida, Gore gained 478 votes in the recount in where the 25 electoral votes will de- GOP-heavy Pinellas County, partly be- termine the next president, Oregon cause of an additional 1,100 absentee was still unable to award its seven ballots overlooked on election night. electoral votes even with 96 percent of “Obviously it’s a very strange ballots counted. event,” said John Dowd, a Washington Vice President Gore with 666,997 attorney working for Bush. “How do votes, or 47.43 percent, led Texas Gov. you miss 1,100 or so ballots?” Bush, with 664,805, or 47.27 percent. The Gore campaign requested that Green Party candidate Ralph Nader 1.78 million ballots be hand-counted in AP tallied 68,812 votes, or 4.89 percent. Palm Beach, Volusia, Broward and Mi- A copy of the controversial ballot distributed in Palm Beach County, which Democrat representatives say confused many voters. “It is intense,” said Lynn Rosik, ami-Dade counties. But Democrats said plaintiff, said that he had received with two other people.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Theatre Festivals in Macedonia, And, on the Other, the Presence of the Macedonian Theatre Production and Theatre Artists at Different Theatre Festivals in Slovenia
    38 UDC 792.079(497.7+497.4) The paper offers two perspectives for analysing this specific cultural collaboration based on statistical analyses of the data collected during the bilateral research project between Macedonia and Slovenia in the field of the theatre. On the one hand, the authors analyse the presence of the Slovenian theatre productions at the various theatre festivals in Macedonia, and, on the other, the presence of the Macedonian theatre production and theatre artists at different theatre festivals in Slovenia. In the conclusion, they present the combined results of the bilateral research, emphasising the most frequent exchange habits found in the Macedonian and Slovenian theatre festivals during the last 25 years. The total sum reveals a discrepancy in the bilateral collaboration: 69 Slovenian productions participated in the Macedonian theatre festivals; 33 Macedonian productions in the Slovenian theatre festivals and 13 Macedonian productions in various theatres in Slovenia. The international festivals Ex Ponto (Slovenia) and MOT (Macedonia) played a crucial role in this relation. Keywords: theatre, festival, collaboration, production, Macedonia, Slovenia The Theatre Bridge between Macedonia and 39 Slovenia: Theatre Festivals Zala Dobovšek and Sasho Dimoski Introduction: A post-Yugoslav theatre bridge Being part of the former Yugoslav federation for a long period of time, Macedonia and Slovenia have built a strong cultural collaboration, both bilaterally and with the other federal republics. Since 1991, the year when both
    [Show full text]
  • Full Results of Survey of Songs
    Existential Songs Full results Supplementary material for Mick Cooper’s Existential psychotherapy and counselling: Contributions to a pluralistic practice (Sage, 2015), Appendix. One of the great strengths of existential philosophy is that it stretches far beyond psychotherapy and counselling; into art, literature and many other forms of popular culture. This means that there are many – including films, novels and songs that convey the key messages of existentialism. These may be useful for trainees of existential therapy, and also as recommendations for clients to deepen an understanding of this way of seeing the world. In order to identify the most helpful resources, an online survey was conducted in the summer of 2014 to identify the key existential films, books and novels. Invites were sent out via email to existential training institutes and societies, and through social media. Participants were invited to nominate up to three of each art media that ‘most strongly communicate the core messages of existentialism’. In total, 119 people took part in the survey (i.e., gave one or more response). Approximately half were female (n = 57) and half were male (n = 56), with one of other gender. The average age was 47 years old (range 26–89). The participants were primarily distributed across the UK (n = 37), continental Europe (n = 34), North America (n = 24), Australia (n = 15) and Asia (n = 6). Around 90% of the respondents were either qualified therapists (n = 78) or in training (n = 26). Of these, around two-thirds (n = 69) considered themselves existential therapists, and one third (n = 32) did not. There were 235 nominations for the key existential song, with enormous variation across the different respondents.
    [Show full text]
  • The North Caucasus: the Challenges of Integration (III), Governance, Elections, Rule of Law
    The North Caucasus: The Challenges of Integration (III), Governance, Elections, Rule of Law Europe Report N°226 | 6 September 2013 International Crisis Group Headquarters Avenue Louise 149 1050 Brussels, Belgium Tel: +32 2 502 90 38 Fax: +32 2 502 50 38 [email protected] Table of Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................... i Recommendations..................................................................................................................... iii I. Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 1 II. Russia between Decentralisation and the “Vertical of Power” ....................................... 3 A. Federative Relations Today ....................................................................................... 4 B. Local Government ...................................................................................................... 6 C. Funding and budgets ................................................................................................. 6 III. Elections ........................................................................................................................... 9 A. State Duma Elections 2011 ........................................................................................ 9 B. Presidential Elections 2012 ......................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Rock in the Reservation: Songs from the Leningrad Rock Club 1981-86 (1St Edition)
    R O C K i n t h e R E S E R V A T I O N Songs from the Leningrad Rock Club 1981-86 Yngvar Bordewich Steinholt Rock in the Reservation: Songs from the Leningrad Rock Club 1981-86 (1st edition). (text, 2004) Yngvar B. Steinholt. New York and Bergen, Mass Media Music Scholars’ Press, Inc. viii + 230 pages + 14 photo pages. Delivered in pdf format for printing in March 2005. ISBN 0-9701684-3-8 Yngvar Bordewich Steinholt (b. 1969) currently teaches Russian Cultural History at the Department of Russian Studies, Bergen University (http://www.hf.uib.no/i/russisk/steinholt). The text is a revised and corrected version of the identically entitled doctoral thesis, publicly defended on 12. November 2004 at the Humanistics Faculty, Bergen University, in partial fulfilment of the Doctor Artium degree. Opponents were Associate Professor Finn Sivert Nielsen, Institute of Anthropology, Copenhagen University, and Professor Stan Hawkins, Institute of Musicology, Oslo University. The pagination, numbering, format, size, and page layout of the original thesis do not correspond to the present edition. Photographs by Andrei ‘Villi’ Usov ( A. Usov) are used with kind permission. Cover illustrations by Nikolai Kopeikin were made exclusively for RiR. Published by Mass Media Music Scholars’ Press, Inc. 401 West End Avenue # 3B New York, NY 10024 USA Preface i Acknowledgements This study has been completed with the generous financial support of The Research Council of Norway (Norges Forskningsråd). It was conducted at the Department of Russian Studies in the friendly atmosphere of the Institute of Classical Philology, Religion and Russian Studies (IKRR), Bergen University.
    [Show full text]
  • Ostaňte Nám Verní!
    Napriek odkladu alebo zrušeniu takmer všetkých športových podujatí na svete, každý deň vám naďalej prinášame zaujímavé Ostaňte športové čítanie. Vaša priazeň bude pre nás v týchto ťažkých dňoch veľmi dôležitá. Pomôžte nám prekonať toto ťažké nám verní! obdobie a ostaňte nám verní. Vaša redakcia Superšanca www.nike.sk Streda 1X2 27. 5. 2020 7527 RB Lipsko – Hertha Berlín 1,38 5,75 8,45 74. ročník • číslo 121 cena 0,80 Augsburg – Paderborn 1,99 3,80 3,95 pre predplatiteľov 0,70 7526 7537 Hannover – Karlsruher 1,83 3,70 4,40 7606 Bohemians 1905 – Teplice 1,99 3,55 4,10 7525 Újpest – Ferencváros 3,65 3,65 1,94 7605 Stal Mielec – Lech Poznaň 3,70 3,45 1,99 7604 Asgabat – Merw Mary 1,48 4,15 6,15 App Store pre iPad a iPhone / Google Play pre Android Ševela:Strana 5 Sme pozitívni Vraví o nálade a nie o výsledkoch testov na koronavírus tréner futbalistov Zaglebia Lubin Šatkove túžby Strany 4 a 5 Po 81 dňoch sa v piatok opäť rozbehne poľská najvyššia súťaž. Ľubomír Šatka, futbalista Lechu Poznaň, sa jej reštartu už nevie dočkať. „Sme momentálne na piatej priečke a teraz máme šancu sa ešte pobiť o Európu, či už cez pohár alebo ligu,“ vraví slovenský reprezentant. FOTO INSTAGRAM (ľš) Strana 6 NOVÁ RUBRIKA RETRO STREDY Bayern bližšie k titulu NIELEN PRE PAMÄTNÍKOV Futbalisti Bayernu vyhrali vo včerajšom šlágri nemeckej bundesligy v Dortmunde 1:0 a šesť kôl pred koncom majú na čele tabuľky už sedembodový náskok. Mníchovčania tak urobili výrazný krok k obhajobe titulu.
    [Show full text]
  • Versado, Siempre Defendió Que Nunca Aprendió Tanto De Sí Mismo Y De Sus Compañeros Como En Un Terreno De Juego
    Luis Aragonés era adicto al olor de la hierba. Para Kevin Keegan, único inglés con dos Balones de Oro, lo más difícil en la vida es “encontrar algo para reemplazar al fútbol, porque no hay nada”. Jorge Valdano, un filósofo muy versado, siempre defendió que nunca aprendió tanto de sí mismo y de sus compañeros como en un terreno de juego. Pep Guardiola tiene claro que lo que caracteriza a un buen entrenador es “lo que los jugadores dirá de él cuando todo haya terminado”. Desligarse del deporte rey es psicológicamente complejo, ha llegado a causar profundas depresiones. Por ello, la mayoría de futbolistas construyen un puente. Se hacen ‘scouts’, pasan al mundo de la representación, se forman como directivos. Pero los más osados, o puede que los más inconscientes, dan el salto al banquillo. Del lugar más cómodo pasan al más complicado. Da igual que hayan vivido en la élite o tenido una trayectoria modesta, la tendencia a esa metamorfosis cada vez es mayor. Es un buen momento para pulsar esa evolución del césped a la pizarra, moneda tan corriente en este siglo XXI. 7 de agosto de 2020. El City acaba de apear al Real Madrid en octavos de final de la Champions. Minutos después, apenas dos siluetas quedan en el césped. Pep Guardiola, jersey y pantalón de pinza, está sentado sobre la nevera de las bebidas isotónicas. Habla y gesticula, cabeza ladeada. Zinedine Zidane, manos en los bolsillos de un elegante traje negro, con el toque informal de unas zapatillas deportivas, oye y asiente. Siete Champions frente a frente, dos en el campo, cinco en los banquillos.
    [Show full text]
  • East Asian Strategic Review 2001 Runoff Election
    Chapter 7 Russia ussia entered upon the new century with an energetic young Rleader Vladimir Putin. He seems to be aiming at rebuilding a strong Russia by resolutely facing up to the reality in Russia and by solving problems facing Russia one by one. Nearly ten years under President Boris Yeltsin were a transi- tional period from the old regime of the Communist Party dictator- ship to a new regime based on democracy and market economy. In the sense that he had demolished the old regime, President Yeltsin had made a great success. However, he failed to resolve the confu- sion that had arisen in the course of transition to the new regime and was unable to alleviate the sufferings of the people. What the Russian people expect President Putin to do first is to end the polit- ical and social confusion, and stabilize their livelihood. Putin considers solving domestic problems the top priority of his administration and believes that a strong Russia could not be re- vived without solving these domestic problems. In foreign policy, he stressed that Russia will favor a pragmatic approach for overcom- ing domestic difficulties, and has indicated his willingness to steer clear of troubles that could impair economic relations with the West. In the field of defense and security, he attaches priority to adapting Russia’s military to the country’s needs and economic po- tential. Since he took office President Putin has revised basic documents on diplomacy, national defense and security: Foreign Policy Concept of the Russian Federation, National Security Concept of the Russian Federation and Military Doctrine.
    [Show full text]
  • RUSSIA INTELLIGENCE Politics & Government
    N°66 - November 22 2007 Published every two weeks / International Edition CONTENTS KREMLIN P. 1-4 Politics & Government c KREMLIN The highly-orchestrated launching into orbit cThe highly-orchestrated launching into orbit of of the «national leader» the «national leader» Only a few days away from the legislative elections, the political climate in Russia grew particu- STORCHAK AFFAIR larly heavy with the announcement of the arrest of the assistant to the Finance minister Alexey Ku- c Kudrin in the line of fire of drin (read page 2). Sergey Storchak is accused of attempting to divert several dozen million dol- the Patrushev-Sechin clan lars in connection with the settlement of the Algerian debt to Russia. The clan wars in the close DUMA guard of Vladimir Putin which confront the Igor Sechin/Nikolay Patrushev duo against a compet- cUnited Russia, electoral ing «Petersburg» group based around Viktor Cherkesov, overflows the limits of the «power struc- home for Russia’s big ture» where it was contained up until now to affect the entire Russian political power complex. business WAR OF THE SERVICES The electoral campaign itself is unfolding without too much tension, involving men, parties, fac- cThe KGB old guard appeals for calm tions that support President Putin. They are no longer legislative elections but a sort of plebicite campaign, to which the Russian president lends himself without excessive good humour. The objec- PROFILE cValentina Matvienko, the tive is not even to know if the presidential party United Russia will be victorious, but if the final score “czarina” of Saint Petersburg passes the 60% threshhold.
    [Show full text]
  • Pec Zwolle – Fortuna Sittard
    14/34 MATCHDAY Foto: Henry Dijkman #PECFOR PEC ZWOLLE - FORTUNA SITTARD ZA 23 NOV | 19.45 UUR MAC3PARK STADION High-Tech O set High-TechGroen O set drukken Makkelijker met 5 kleuren Veldhuis Media niet zomaar een drukker! producerenMetVeldhuis 45 medewerkers Media niet zomaarverzorgen een we drukker! dagelijks de productie van vele producerenMetbrochures, 45 medewerkers magazines, verzorgenkalenders ween boeken. dagelijks de productie van vele brochures,Met onze DTP-studio magazines, en kalenders moderne en prepress boeken. verwerken we de orders Metvia internet onze DTP-studio en ftp applicaties. en moderne prepress verwerken we de orders Onzevia internet drukkerij en ftpbeschikt applicaties. over drie 5-kleuren persen op het formaat Onze72 x 102 drukkerij (16 pag. beschikt A4 per drukvel).over drie 5-kleuren persen op het formaat 72In onzex 102 binderij (16 pag. verzorgen A4 per drukvel). we het vouwen, hechten en de postale 0230322.pdf 1 22-7-2019 10:48:43 Inverwerking onze binderij van periodieken verzorgen we en brochures.het vouwen, hechten en de postale verwerkingBovendien beschikkenvan periodieken we over en brochures.apparatuur om Wire-O kalenders te High-Tech O set Bovendienmaken. beschikken we over apparatuur om Wire-O kalenders te In & Uit Rijbeveiliging Groen drukkenmaken. Veldhuis Media is FSC- en ISO 12647 gecertifi ceerd. Daarnaast zijn Veldhuiswe een erkend Media BPV-bedrijf. is FSC- en ISO 12647 gecertifi ceerd. Daarnaast zijn Doctorandus K. Baasweg 15 Ditwe betekenteen erkend voor BPV-bedrijf. U: 8181 WR Heerde met 5 kleurenHigh-Tech O set volgens Makkelijker• Prettige samenwerking op menselijke maat. Tel: (0578) 75 50 69 Dit betekent voor U: VeldhuisHigh-Tech Media O set volgens Mob: (06) 46 73 36 80 • PrettigeEen leverancier samenwerking die met opu mee menselijke denkt, óók maat.
    [Show full text]
  • The Russian Vertikal: the Tandem, Power and the Elections
    Russia and Eurasia Programme Paper REP 2011/01 The Russian Vertikal: the Tandem, Power and the Elections Andrew Monaghan Nato Defence College June 2011 The views expressed in this document are the sole responsibility of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the view of Chatham House, its staff, associates or Council. Chatham House is independent and owes no allegiance to any government or to any political body. It does not take institutional positions on policy issues. This document is issued on the understanding that if any extract is used, the author(s)/ speaker(s) and Chatham House should be credited, preferably with the date of the publication. REP Programme Paper. The Russian Vertikal: the Tandem, Power and the Elections Introduction From among many important potential questions about developments in Russian politics and in Russia more broadly, one has emerged to dominate public policy and media discussion: who will be Russian president in 2012? This is the central point from which a series of other questions and debates cascade – the extent of differences between President Dmitry Medvedev and Prime Minister Vladimir Putin and how long their ‘Tandem’ can last, whether the presidential election campaign has already begun and whether they will run against each other being only the most prominent. Such questions are typically debated against a wider conceptual canvas – the prospects for change in Russia. Some believe that 2012 offers a potential turning point for Russia and its relations with the international community: leading to either the return of a more ‘reactionary’ Putin to the Kremlin, and the maintenance of ‘stability’, or another term for the more ‘modernizing’ and ‘liberal’ Medvedev.
    [Show full text]
  • St. Petersburg Is Recognized As One of the Most Beautiful Cities in the World. This City of a Unique Fate Attracts Lots of Touri
    I love you, Peter’s great creation, St. Petersburg is recognized as one of the most I love your view of stern and grace, beautiful cities in the world. This city of a unique fate The Neva wave’s regal procession, The grayish granite – her bank’s dress, attracts lots of tourists every year. Founded in 1703 The airy iron-casting fences, by Peter the Great, St. Petersburg is today the cultural The gentle transparent twilight, capital of Russia and the second largest metropolis The moonless gleam of your of Russia. The architectural look of the city was nights restless, When I so easy read and write created while Petersburg was the capital of the Without a lamp in my room lone, Russian Empire. The greatest architects of their time And seen is each huge buildings’ stone worked at creating palaces and parks, cathedrals and Of the left streets, and is so bright The Admiralty spire’s flight… squares: Domenico Trezzini, Jean-Baptiste Le Blond, Georg Mattarnovi among many others. A. S. Pushkin, First named Saint Petersburg in honor of the a fragment from the poem Apostle Peter, the city on the Neva changed its name “The Bronze Horseman” three times in the XX century. During World War I, the city was renamed Petrograd, and after the death of the leader of the world revolution in 1924, Petrograd became Leningrad. The first mayor, Anatoly Sobchak, returned the city its historical name in 1991. It has been said that it is impossible to get acquainted with all the beauties of St.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded 4.0 License
    CHAPTER 14 Choral Societies and National Mobilization in Nineteenth-Century Bulgaria Ivanka Vlaeva Compared with the histories of many national movements in nineteenth- century Europe, in Bulgaria the industrial revolution was delayed and mod- ern culture arrived late. Lagging behind most other Europeans, the Bulgarian population had to compensate for its lack of modern cultural development. Thus, one important characteristic of Bulgarian culture is its evolution at accelerated rates. Before liberation in 1878, for almost five centuries the Bulgarian lands were under Ottoman rule, without their own governmental and religious institu- tions. Foreign rule, a feudal economy, a weak middle class, and the absence of national cultural institutions were serious obstacles to the development of a new culture on the western European model. The most important aims for the Bulgarians (led by educators, intellectuals, and revolutionists) were to struggle politically against Ottoman governance, economically for new industrial pro- cesses in the Ottoman Empire, and culturally for a national identity. The lead- ers of the revolutionary movement called for a struggle not against the Turkish people, but against Ottoman rulers and foreign clerks.1 These historical processes resemble those elsewhere in Europe, especially in the central and southeastern regions. Nineteenth-century Bulgarian culture therefore needs to be considered along with that of the Balkans more gener- ally because of the cultural similarities, interactions, and fluctuations in this region.2 The establishment of a new economy and the fight for modern educa- tion were among the main priorities in Bulgarian communities. The eighteenth and nineteenth centuries are the so-called Revival period in Bulgarian cultural development, strongly influenced by the ideas of the Enlightenment.
    [Show full text]