20000 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE September 12, 2005 Ms. LANDRIEU. Mr. President, I see One point on that: This is a picture well as the east bank of Jefferson. St. the Senator from Mississippi is in the of New Orleans that was done by the Bernard was still completely under- Chamber. I do not want to interrupt New York Times. I thought it was ex- water the last time I flew over as well. any scheduled business. I was sched- tremely helpful, and I would like to So our work is complicated by having uled to speak in morning business. I take a moment of my short time on the banks and schools not functioning. can take 5 minutes later, after the Sen- floor to show this picture in a larger Shown in this picture, in each one of ator from Mississippi is finished, if he view. these blocks—I know I only have 1 would like to proceed. I do not mind We understand the city of New Orle- minute left—these are schools, these waiting. ans has been particularly hard hit, not green dots. All of these schools have 10 Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, if the only by the hurricane but the subse- feet of water in them, every single Senator will yield. quent breaches of the levees that put green dot, except for the ones along the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- most of the city under 10 feet of water ridge. These are our courts. Most of our ator from Mississippi. for 5 days, 6 days. Even going into ac- courts are not able to function, city or Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, it is tually today, the 15th day of this dis- Federal courts. my understanding the Senate was to aster, there is still water in the city, Our police stations are underwater, return to the consideration of H.R. which is being pumped out now that which is why some of our police were 2862, the Commerce-Justice-Science ap- the levees have been fixed. But the not able to function as well as they propriations bill at 3 o’clock. water is still not completely gone. would under normal circumstances. The PRESIDING OFFICER. That is In addition, in the picture you can But I am pleased to report, after hear- the previous order. It would require see Jefferson Parish. I am going to try ing from Chief Compass today, not one unanimous consent to allow morning to provide an update of that tomorrow. commander of the New Orleans police business to continue beyond 3 o’clock. Over here is St. Bernard Parish. Again, force left his post, even though 80 per- Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, I do I am going to try to provide an update. cent of them have lost their homes. not want to object to the Senator pro- On this side of the lake is St. Tam- Some of them have lost their families. ceeding to discuss whatever she wants many Parish, and I will try to get to As the President said himself, first re- to discuss. I am happy for her to take that in another day or so. sponders have been victims themselves. whatever time she needs to talk about But as Senators come down to view So I thought I would present that this issue that is of great concern to this whole region—not just New Orle- today, to say thank you to the Sen- me, as well as to her. ans but an area of 90,000 square miles, ators for organizing the trip. I know Ms. LANDRIEU. Mr. President, I the Finance Committee is going to an- thank the Senator from Mississippi. I the size of Great Britain, stretching from the Gulf Coast halfway through nounce in just a few minutes some tax ask unanimous consent for 5 minutes, relief opportunities that Senator and then we could proceed to the bill. Louisiana—one thing to note about New Orleans that is still not quite un- GRASSLEY and Senator BAUCUS have Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, I have worked out. I have worked with them. no objection to the Senator having 5 derstood is this river ridge was the high part of the original city. As you Senator VITTER and others have minutes. worked to put that together. We are The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- know, before we had concrete high- ways, the highways we built this Na- very pleased more help is on the way. ator from Louisiana is recognized for 5 Mr. President, I appreciate Senator minutes in morning business. tion on were our rivers. So this city, COCHRAN giving me the opportunity to Ms. LANDRIEU. I thank the Pre- being one of the oldest in the Nation, speak for a few minutes about those siding Officer. was built on this river. points. I will try to get to the floor f Amazingly and thankfully, the areas close to the river are not underwater, sometime tomorrow for the same rea- HURRICANE KATRINA which is this whole ridge. The French son. Ms. LANDRIEU. Mr. President, today Quarter has stayed pretty much high Thank you, Mr. President. is day 15 of Hurricane Katrina, which and dry, even the Lower Garden Dis- f has devastated the southeastern part of trict. Some of the poorer areas along CONCLUSION OF MORNING Louisiana and parts of Mississippi and Tchoupitoulas Street are, thank God, BUSINESS some parts of Alabama and other out of the water all along the river The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. States. I have come to the floor, just ridge. The west bank has been spared THUNE). Morning business is closed. for a few minutes, to give a few brief where we want to build our Federal remarks—some on a positive note as to city complex. We now know it is a good f some positive things that are taking place because it is a highland area and MAKING APPROPRIATIONS FOR place, and then some which are descrip- a good place to build. SCIENCE, THE DEPARTMENTS OF tive detail as Senators, both Repub- But this entire city—eastern New Or- STATE, JUSTICE, AND COM- licans and Democrats, begin to build leans, which is a middle-income neigh- MERCE, AND RELATED AGEN- ideas for the rebuilding of this great re- borhood of White and Black citizens, as CIES FOR FISCAL YEAR 2006 gion. well as some poor, very poor; and the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Under First, let me say how pleased I am Lower Ninth Ward—this is where the the previous order, the hour of 3 p.m. that a group of Senators will be coming Lower Ninth Ward is—Gentilly, which having arrived, the Senate will resume down to the region on Friday. Details is a middle-income neighborhood of consideration of H.R. 2862, which the of that trip will be announced, but Sen- Black and White citizens; the Bywater clerk will report. ators from Mississippi and Louisiana neighborhood; Mid-City; Lakeview, The legislative clerk read as follows: have suggested that some of our col- which is predominantly White but very A bill (H.R. 2862) making appropriations leagues come down and see firsthand integrated in some parts and very high for Science, the Departments of State, Jus- the devastation. Not wanting to use as- income—is completely underwater. tice, and Commerce, and related agencies for sets that were being required for search Then, of course, there is the midpart of the fiscal year ending September 30, 2006, and and rescue, now that phase is almost the city, which is low. for other purposes. completed, and it is appropriate for So as our Senators come in, they will Pending: Senators to come down. I understand literally see what looks like Noah’s Lincoln amendment No. 1652, to provide for Senator REID and Senator FRIST are or- Ark, looks like something of Biblical temporary Medicaid disaster relief for sur- ganizing that trip with some of the proportions. Maybe the water will have vivors of Hurricane Katrina. Dayton amendment No. 1654, to increase Senators here. Senator VITTER and I gone down by Friday. They are pump- funding for Justice Assistance Grants. and others look forward to getting ing it out quite fast. But just to get Biden amendment No. 1661, to provide them down on the ground to show them some sense, the entire city—poor areas emergency funding for victims of Hurricane the breadth of the devastation. and wealthy areas—is underwater, as Katrina.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 08:49 Feb 28, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00009 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\FDSYS\2005BOUNDRECORD\BOOK15\NO-SSN\BR12SE05.DAT BR12SE05 ejoyner on DSK30MW082PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE September 12, 2005 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 20001 Sarbanes amendment No. 1662, to assist the committee’s bill. It touches a wide The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without victims of Hurricane Katrina with finding range of interests and concerns, and it objection, it is so ordered. new housing. is very important for us to complete The amendment is as follows: Dorgan amendment No. 1665, to prohibit this bill as soon as we can so these (Purpose: To make available, from amounts weakening any law that provides safeguards otherwise available for the National Aero- from unfair foreign trade practices. agencies and departments can make nautics and Space Administration, Sununu amendment No. 1669, to increase their plans for activities that will be $906,200,000 for aeronautics research and de- funding for the State Criminal Alien Assist- funded in this bill at the beginning of velopment programs of the National Aero- ance Program, the Southwest Border Pros- the next fiscal year. That next fiscal nautics and Space Administration) ecutors Initiative, and transitional housing year starts October 1. for women subjected to domestic violence. In September of every year, a lot of On page 170, between lines 9 and 10, insert Lieberman amendment No. 1678, to provide pressure is put on the appropriations the following: SEC. 304. Of the amounts appropriated or financial relief for individuals and entities process. In order for us to discharge affected by Hurricane Katrina. otherwise made available by this title under our responsibility with the administra- the heading ‘‘NATIONAL AERONAUTICS AND The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- tion, sharing with the administration SPACE ADMINISTRATION’’, $906,200,000 shall be ator from Mississippi. decisions about the emphasis that available for aeronautics research and devel- Mr. COCHRAN. Mr. President, I am ought to be placed on programs and ac- opment programs of the National Aero- pleased the Senate is now able to re- tivities, we have an obligation to do nautics and Space Administration. turn to the consideration of H.R. 2862, our work and to do it in a timely fash- Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, I rise the Commerce-Justice-Science appro- ion. That is why I come to the floor today to join with Senators ALLEN, priations bill. today with a sense of some urgency. I MURRAY, WARNER, and VOINOVICH in an This is the third day of consideration hope to communicate that to all of our effort to maintain our Nation’s com- of this important bill. Subcommittee colleagues in the Senate. mitment to vital aeronautics research. Chairman SHELBY and the distin- The House has completed action on We are offering this amendment to re- guished Senator from Maryland, Ms. most of its bills, and they are awaiting store the aeronautics research & devel- MIKULSKI, have made good progress in conference with the Senate to work out opment program to last year’s level of the handling of this bill. The bill re- any differences or disagreements that $906 million. ported by the committee will assure we may have with the House on the ap- For decades, NASA has conducted a the funding of many programs and ac- propriate levels of funding or the cat- wide array of aeronautics research pro- tivities of the Federal Government egories of interest in terms of their pri- grams that have helped ensure our eco- that are under the jurisdiction of this orities over others in the Federal Gov- nomic and military security and revo- subcommittee. ernment. lutionize the way we travel. NASA’s The allocation we made to this sub- This is a day when any votes that are work in aeronautics has captured the committee enabled us to restore fund- going to occur will occur late in the spirit of the Wright Brothers, spawning ing for State and local law enforcement day. I understand we have a vote in the generation after generation of grants, as well as have increased fund- Senate at 6:30 this evening. So I hope progress. The amendment before us ing for programs of the National Oce- Senators will undertake to come and will help make certain that progress anic and Atmospheric Administration. present us with any suggestions they continues in the coming fiscal year. Because this bill is now at the upper may have about changes in this bill or The impact of NASA’s work is wide- limit of the subcommittee’s allocation, any disagreements in the policy re- spread. The U.S. aviation industry sup- any amendments adopted to the bill flected in the appropriations process in ports over 11 million jobs and contrib- will require reductions below the level this bill so we can debate them and dis- utes $1 trillion in economic activity. of funding in other programs. cuss them and make changes, if that is Our airlines carry 750 million pas- Now is the time for Senators to come the will of the Senate, and then have sengers per year, with that number ex- to the floor to discuss the bill or offer an opportunity to negotiate those pected to grow to a billion within 15 amendments. It is my understanding changes on behalf of the Senate with years. We ship 52 percent of our exports from the leader that any amendments our colleagues from the other body. by air, and in fact, the aviation indus- requiring a rollcall vote will be voted Mr. President, I suggest the absence try contributes more to the U.S. bal- on tomorrow. It is my hope we can of a quorum. ance of trade than any other domestic complete action on this bill tomorrow. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The manufacturing industry. The end of the fiscal year is near. We clerk will call the roll. Yet unfortunately, we are at grave have the responsibility to send this bill The legislative clerk proceeded to risk of losing the staff, facilities, and to conference as soon as we can. call the roll. expertise necessary to continue Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, I ask To remind Senators of the impor- NASA’s aeronautics programs. We are unanimous consent that the order for tance of completing action on this bill, at risk of essentially allowing the first this committee is one of those commit- the quorum call be rescinded. The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without ‘‘A’’ in NASA—the one that stands for tees that was newly created after the objection, it is so ordered. aeronautics—to die over the next sev- reorganization of the Appropriations Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, I ask eral years. We are at risk and we better Committee that was begun in the unanimous consent that the pending pay attention. House of Representatives. We created amendment be laid aside. The bill we have before us now is a this committee to manage the funding The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without good bill, and I want to congratulate for the Departments of Commerce, Jus- objection, it is so ordered. Chairman SHELBY and Ranking Mem- tice, the National Oceanic and Atmos- AMENDMENT NO. 1671 ber MIKULSKI on their hard work in pheric Administration, the National Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, I call up meeting so many needs with a very Aeronautics and Space Administration, amendment No. 1671 and ask for its im- tough and tight budget allocation. One the National Science Foundation, and mediate consideration. thing the bill does not include, how- a number of independent agencies and The PRESIDING OFFICER. The ever, is a specific reference to aero- commissions, including the Office of clerk will report. nautics funding. the U.S. Trade Representative, the Se- The legislative clerk read as follows: Nonetheless, we know of NASA’s curities and Exchange Commission, the The Senator from Ohio [Mr. DEWINE], for plans for aeronautics from its fiscal Small Business Administration, the himself, Mr. VOINOVICH, Mr. ALLEN, Mr. WAR- year 2006 budget request. We know that Federal Trade Commission, and the NER, and Mrs. MURRAY proposes an amend- the agency intends to reduce overall Federal Communications Commission. ment numbered 1671. aeronautics funding by $54 million So all of the activities and programs Mr. DEWINE. Mr. President, I ask from the previous year, a cut of over and work of those agencies and depart- unanimous consent that the reading of $200 million from 2004. In fact, the 2006 ments are contained in this sub- the amendment be dispensed with. Budget shows aeronautics programs

VerDate Sep 11 2014 08:49 Feb 28, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00010 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\FDSYS\2005BOUNDRECORD\BOOK15\NO-SSN\BR12SE05.DAT BR12SE05 ejoyner on DSK30MW082PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE 20002 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE September 12, 2005 facing a nearly one-third cut in the sure our national competitiveness in New Orleans and the surrounding par- next 5 years for aeronautics. That is civil and military aerospace, and it de- ishes. They kept asking me questions I simply not acceptable. serves the Senate’s support. certainly could not answer: What hap- What will the practical consequences I will be back on the floor later to pened to the buses that were supposed of these cuts be? The cuts mean that talk more about this amendment, as to pick them up and take them out? subsonic and hypersonic research will my other colleagues will, but at this Why wasn’t there adequate security at be terminated. This is the research point I ask unanimous consent that the the Superdome or the convention cen- that focuses on designing stronger air- amendment be set aside. ter? How come helicopters were flying frames and better engines, technologies The PRESIDING OFFICER (Mr. overhead and never coming to pick that with just a little work can be BURR). Without objection, it is so or- them up? taken from the lab and applied directly dered. This morning I heard on the radio an to aircraft, whether commercial or Mr. DEWINE. I suggest the absence of interview with a gentleman who is the military. As a result, U.S. aerospace a quorum. president of one of the parishes sur- producers will lack access to solid pre- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The rounding New Orleans. I believe his competitive research, while competi- clerk will call the roll. name is ‘‘Junior’’ Rodriguez. Mr. tors abroad benefit from well financed The assistant legislative clerk pro- Rodriguez said he couldn’t get any help efforts, such as the European Union’s ceeded to call the roll. at all. He kept trying to get help and ‘‘Vision 2020’’ program. Mrs. CLINTON. Mr. President, I ask he kept waiting for help and nothing Second, many of the facilities nec- unanimous consent the order for the happened. essary to design and test new aero- quorum call be rescinded. This, as we know now, was a catas- nautics technologies will be closed as a The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without trophe of almost Biblical proportions result of budget shortfalls. Wind tun- objection, it is so ordered. for the people who suffered it: people nels and propulsion test facilities are Mrs. CLINTON. I ask unanimous con- who lost their homes; people who were used by Government, academia, and in- sent the pending amendments be set driven from their homes; the people dustry—often on a pay-for-use basis— aside. who, most tragically, lost loved ones. and require minimal funding to main- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Many are still searching for members tain. objection, it is so ordered. of their family whom they have not A recent RAND National Defense Re- AMENDMENT NO. 1660 been able to find since they got on a search Institute study determined that (Purpose: To establish a congressional com- bus or left a home and waded through over 84 percent of these NASA facilities mission to examine the Federal, State, and water. serve strategic national needs, and local response to the devastation wrought I hope we will address this. I believe that the success of the U.S. aerospace by Hurricane Katrina in the Gulf Region of it is a matter that needs to be taken industry relies on NASA’s workforce the United States especially in the States out of politics as usual. I personally of Louisiana, Mississippi, Alabama, and and test facility infrastructure. other areas impacted in the aftermath and don’t want members of the administra- So, these proposed aeronautics cuts make immediate corrective measures to tion whose primary obligation is to the are a double threat to the U.S. aviation improve such responses in the future) people who have been directly affected, industry: On the one hand, they get Mrs. CLINTON. Mr. President, I call who need to be directing and managing NASA out of the business of key aero- up Senate amendment No. 1660, an the relief efforts beginning the rebuild- nautics research areas, and on the amendment establishing an inde- ing process, being diverted from doing other, they will lead to the closure of pendent Katrina commission. so. I respectfully suggest the Presi- the very facilities industry and aca- The PRESIDING OFFICER. The dent’s idea of investigating himself is demia would need to replace that re- clerk will report the amendment. not an adequate recommendation. search. The cuts undermine our na- The legislative clerk read as follows: Similarly, I do not believe Congress should be diverted. We have commit- tional defense by decimating cross-cut- The Senator from New York [Mrs. CLIN- ting technologies used by the Depart- TON], for herself, Ms. STABENOW, Mr. tees already established and their job ment of Defense. The cuts will force CORZINE, Mr. REED, Mr. SALAZAR, Mr. LAU- is to assess and make recommenda- massive layoffs among NASA’s best TENBERG, Mr. JEFFORDS, Mr. SCHUMER, and tions with respect to all of the matters and brightest engineers, and will also Ms. MIKULSKI, proposes an amendment num- pertaining to homeland security, not impact the scores of Americans work- bered 1660. only the potential of terrorist attacks ing for private sector aerospace compa- Mrs. CLINTON. I ask unanimous con- but also natural disasters. Therefore, I nies. These cuts are simply unaccept- sent the reading of the amendment be do believe in an investigation modeled able. dispensed with. on the 9/11 Commission where the We need to step back and re-evaluate The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without President—as in my legislation—ap- where we are with aeronautics re- objection, it is so ordered. points the Chair. He can appoint search, where we want to be in 5, 10, 15 (The amendment is printed in the whomever he wishes. He certainly years, and make a commitment to do RECORD of Thursday, September 8, 2005 made an excellent choice when he ap- what it takes to get us there. A Na- under ‘‘Text of Amendments.’’) pointed former Governor of New Jersey tional Institute of Aerospace, NIA, Mrs. CLINTON. Mr. President, I hope Tom Kean. Then the Democratic and study commissioned by Congress and we will be able to address this impor- Republican leaders appoint the other unveiled earlier this year shows a need tant matter. I believe it is essential for members, to have a 10-member Com- for vastly increased investment within the people who have been directly af- mission with the President and his NASA aeronautics programs. Our fected along the Gulf Coast, and really party obviously having an advantage, amendment does not reach the levels for all Americans, that we have an as is appropriate under the cir- recommended by the NIA report, but it independent commission consisting of cumstances, but appointing people for does move us in the right direction, the people who have no direct involvement whom there is universal respect and same direction that the House of Rep- in either the administration or con- people who can set aside everything, resentatives has taken in its version of gressional activities, similar to what people who are willing to delve into this bill. we had with the 9/11 Commission that I this and ask the hard questions about Our amendment follows directly from believe discharged its responsibility to what happened at all levels of govern- budget language adopted by the Senate the American people with such a high ment, so we can get answers. this year calling for an adequate aero- degree of civic-mindedness and public I think the people who have been nautics investment. We do not cut citizenship. evacuated, the people who have lost space exploration programs to make When I was in Houston last Monday a loved ones, the people who suffered de- this increase. This is a clean, deficit- week ago, I met with a number of the serve answers. But it is not just an ex- neutral amendment that will help en- people who had been evacuated out of ercise in looking backward. I think it

VerDate Sep 11 2014 08:49 Feb 28, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00011 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\FDSYS\2005BOUNDRECORD\BOOK15\NO-SSN\BR12SE05.DAT BR12SE05 ejoyner on DSK30MW082PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE September 12, 2005 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 20003 is essential that we look forward. What Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, the We need to focus now on two things: the 9/11 Commission did was help focus pending business is the Commerce, Jus- Recovery and reform. In moving our our attention on what we should be tice, Science appropriations. As the bill, we want to work on a bipartisan doing, how we should be proceeding to Presiding Officer knows, I am the rank- basis on recovery. There are three Rs be ready, prepared in the face of the ing member. So our colleagues know, to emergency management: Readiness ongoing threats from the terrorists. there are about 20 outstanding amend- and preparedness; and then response, Today we heard about an al-Qaida op- ments. We are busy clearing those— which needs to be swift and effective; erative—we think it is some disaffected Senator SHELBY is on his way to the third is recovery. American who has gone off and joined Senate—that Senator SHELBY and I Recovery is tough. In my home State al-Qaida—who issued the threat that could agree to, so when we do rollcall of Maryland, we have had tornadoes, specifically named Los Angeles. We votes, we hope to have those reduced to we have been hit by Hurricane Isabel, need to be sure we are totally prepared. a minimum, or at least a reasonable when it looked like Baghdad on the We have learned some things, but you number. We will also be awaiting direc- Chesapeake Bay. In no way is this akin can’t learn enough unless you are hon- tion from the leadership, Senator to what has happened to our friends in est enough and out of denial in order to FRIST and Senator REID, as to how we the Gulf. But, still, when it is your conduct a thorough investigation and will proceed tomorrow on rollcall house and your neighborhood, whether let the chips fall where they may. Let’s votes. We believe we have some that it is 3 blocks or 3,000 acres, we want to find answers. I hope we will have an op- will be ready tomorrow to move this work with recovery and do it on a bi- portunity to vote on this amendment. I very important bill expeditiously. partisan basis. invite my friends and colleagues from For those who might not know, this It will take a lot, No. 1, of rebuilding new subcommittee handles all the the other side of the aisle to join with infrastructure so business and people Commerce funding, it handles the fund- us to support this independent Katrina can come back. Things such as water ing for agencies such as NOAA, which commission and to let us get about the supplies have been damaged or con- was so great in telling Americans business, on a very short timetable, of taminated. Roads and bridges need re- about the hurricane. It also has a vari- getting answers we can all then imple- pair in order for commerce to pass ety of provisions that would be very ment. through. helpful to Katrina victims, including I marked the fourth commemoration What comes back? Business, such as small business disaster loans that are the supermarket, or do they wait for of what happened to New York on 9/11. available not only to business but par- the people to come back? We have to be I spent yesterday, as I have in past ticularly small business, as well as res- able to help rebuild those commu- years, with the victims, with the sur- idential homeowners, up to $200,000, nities. We cannot do it without the vivors, with family members, with EDA money, to help local communities help of the private sector. members of the police and fire depart- rebuild, particularly infrastructure. I hope those running Homeland Secu- ments and emergency workers. I could While we are mesmerized by the trag- rity, as well as the President’s good of- not be more proud to represent such edy in New Orleans, we cannot forget fice, would bring to bear the best of extraordinary, heroic people. But, in Mississippi and Alabama and their what we know from our home building speaking especially to our first re- needs for roads and other infrastruc- and construction agency on what we sponder community, they were shaken ture projects, including water supply. can do to marshal the forces for re- by this. We needed Federal help. We did The chairman of the subcommittee, building homes and those neighbor- a heck of a job. We had the greatest po- Senator SHELBY, of course, of Alabama, hoods, particularly the small busi- lice force and fire department—I would and I want to move the bill. We under- ness—everyone knows what I am talk- say in the world, with not just pride stand our leadership, Senator FRIST, is ing about, the dry cleaner, the phar- but with a factual basis. We did a great not going to have rollcall votes during macist, as well as the supermarkets, et job, but we needed help and we got the important Roberts hearings, so we cetera, that are lifeblood. We also will help. But now, 4 years later, we are will work with him to see how to do it. have to rebuild schools for our chil- wondering whether that help would be One of the ways we will work with him dren, as well as coming back with their there if something were to happen to is in how to reduce the number of mom and dad into the safety of a new us. No city, no State should wonder amendments. We are now waiting for home. that. our distinguished Senator from Okla- We also worry that while we are re- I think it is a boost of confidence for homa, Senator COBURN, to join us. We building the Gulf, and rebuild the Gulf people to know we are moving as best know he has something to say on the we must, we do not want to create we can to understand it, but we are bill. shortages in other parts of other coun- unafraid to face whatever the facts This is a new subcommittee that has try. Lumber is already in short supply, might be. That is why we need an inde- been constituted. I used to be the rank- along with other building materials, pendent commission constituted as ing member of a subcommittee that even the talent, the electricians, soon as possible, given the resources to has been dissolved, VA/HUD and Inde- plumbers, contractors. That is why we do its work, and asked to report in as pendent Agencies. Under the ‘‘inde- need a national effort. short a timeframe as possible. pendent agencies,’’ was the important We hope those who are leading Home- I appreciate the opportunity to call agency of FEMA. Now I understand the land Security will now look at the re- up this amendment and I hope there leadership of FEMA, Mr. Brown, has re- covery phase while we go through the will be an opportunity to address it and signed. We look to the President to grim task of recovering bodies. We that we will have a strong vote on both give us a topnotch person. We know the have to recover ourselves. What we do sides of the aisle to proceed with this vice admiral of the Coast Guard is now not need to recover, though, because independent commission as soon as in the Gulf. We look at leadership, such we have never lost it, is the spirit of possible. as the wonderful person running Red working together and the spirit that Mr. President, I suggest the absence Cross, RADM Marty Evans, whom I we will be able to do this. of a quorum. knew when she was at the Naval Acad- It is September 12. I remember where The PRESIDING OFFICER. The emy, one of the first women in this we were 4 years ago on September 11. clerk will call the roll. country to make admiral rank. Then Yesterday morning, when I got up to go The assistant legislative clerk pro- she went on to a distinguished career to church, I had this eerie feeling that ceeded to call the roll. running nonprofits and is now with the the weather was exactly the way it was Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I ask Red Cross, very much in the spirit and on September 11. When I went to unanimous consent that the order for competency of our colleague from church, I wore the jacket that I had on the quorum call be rescinded. North Carolina, Senator ELIZABETH that day. I saved that jacket so I would The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without DOLE. We look forward to that leader- never ever forget what I wore and what objection, it is so ordered. ship. I experienced that day.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 08:49 Feb 28, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00012 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\FDSYS\2005BOUNDRECORD\BOOK15\NO-SSN\BR12SE05.DAT BR12SE05 ejoyner on DSK30MW082PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE 20004 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE September 12, 2005 For all of the fear and all of the grief, What did we do? First, we said good- you look at our cities and our larger I remember on the Capitol steps we bye to the Cold War. The Cold War was communities, which are often the sang ‘‘God Bless America.’’ I stood over, except for the Federal bureauc- greatest targets of these international shoulder to shoulder with Senator racy. We said goodbye to the Cold War. predators, these international thugs, LOTT that day, then as the Republican We said that FEMA now had to be a these international terrorists, we have leader, and stand with him today in professional agency; that it needed to to be ready. terms of recovery of his own commu- be headed by someone who had either Just think, New Orleans could have nity. We have to get back to that spirit emergency management experience, been hit by a dirty bomb. New Orleans where we thought we could work to- and actually responded to emergencies, could have been hit by a chemical or gether in this institution, in the House, or comparable experience in the mili- biological attack. New Orleans could and with the people. tary or in private sector with crisis have been hit by bin Laden or Zarqawi On September 12, we want to honor, management. President Clinton gave or whomever, by blowing up the levees. again, pay our respects to those who us James Lee Witt. So the consequences to the city— were killed on September 11, to our Second, we encouraged Governors to whether it is New Orleans or Baltimore wonderful first responders who risked do the same thing at the State level. or a city in California or any city— life and limb to save people. Now we The more they did, the more we could would be the same. We would have to are at it once again. For our first re- help. be ready to respond, and to respond sponders and our responders in the Gulf Third, we said that FEMA had to be- swiftly. Then, of course, we would have now, going through that mercury-con- come an all-hazards agency, it had to the recovery. taminated water, they each have their be ready for a hurricane or tornado. So if we have to evacuate the Capital own risk. But in becoming ‘‘all hazards,’’ it had region, it is the same whether we are They are counting on us to be able to to go to the risk-based strategy. We hit by some natural disaster or preda- work together, bring in the national analyzed what Americans were most tory attack. If we have to evacuate San resources and marshal the private sec- likely to have, particularly in terms of Francisco or LA in California, it is the tor resources, as well as the nonprofit natural disasters. It was tornadoes and same. So the reform comes after the re- resources, so that by the time we get hurricanes, followed of course by earth- covery. Right now, we have to be swift to Thanksgiving we will have been well quakes, though less frequent, severe, and sure in responding to the people on our way. So we look to be able to do and devastating. We then encouraged who need us the most. that. We in Commerce, Justice, and the States to have real plans for evacu- Mr. President, I note the Senator Science look forward to doing our part, ation; that they had to be ready, they from Oklahoma has come to the floor. carrying our heavy lifting. There is no had to have things pre-positioned I ask the Senator if he is prepared to lifting too heavy to help people in our where things were most likely to hap- speak? own country that have been so dev- pen. If you were worried about hurri- Mr. President, I will yield the floor. astated. canes and ‘‘northeasters,’’ you did not Again, I reiterate my pledge for bipar- For everyone working on this out pre-position in Maryland from Alle- tisan support on our recovery efforts. there in the field, the tremendous num- gany County, where we are subjected And I look forward to working on a re- ber of volunteers, the generosity of more to floods. form package with equal bipartisan spirit of the people and, I might add, So, readiness and then recovery. support. the private sector that is marshaling, Readiness, response, and recovery. It I yield the floor. we say thank you. We have a big job to worked very well. The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- do. One of the big jobs we have to do is After September 11, and our desire to ator from Oklahoma. here, working on a bipartisan basis, to be effective and supportive in fighting AMENDMENT NO. 1648 be collegial, to be civil, and to get the the global war against terrorism, Mr. COBURN. Mr. President, I call up job done. amendment No. 1648 on the CJS appro- Let’s ask of ourselves exactly what FEMA was moved to Homeland Secu- rity. I supported that. I felt again that priations bill. we ask the people working down in the The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without Gulf. Let’s not have a slow, sluggish re- was the home of the first responders. That was the home where the local fire objection, the pending amendment is sponse from the Congress. Let’s be ef- set aside. The clerk will report the fective in targeting our resources. departments could apply for protective gear that firefighters needed. amendment. I have a long-range idea I would like The assistant legislative clerk read I now have second thoughts because to share on the idea of reform. When I as follows: was the chairman of VA/HUD, before when FEMA moved to Homeland Secu- rity, it lost its focus, it lost its way, The Senator from Oklahoma [Mr. COBURN] the 1994 Republican Gingrich revolu- proposes an amendment No. 1648. tion, I found that FEMA was a dated and it definitely lost its leadership. I believe the President will focus now on Mr. COBURN. Mr. President, I ask agency. It was focused on the Cold War. unanimous consent that reading of the It was worrying about where to send giving us the right leadership. We have to get a new focus, and this amendment be dispensed with. the Coast Guard if we had a nuclear at- The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without is why I would like to see the Federal tack. It was riddled with staff at Fed- objection, it is so ordered. eral and State levels, with cronies and Emergency Management Agency again The amendment is as follows: become an independent agency that is hacks and people with no experience in (Purpose: To eliminate the funding for the emergency management. an all-hazards agency, goes to the risks Advanced Technology Program and in- When Hurricane Andrew hit Florida facing the American people. There are crease the funding available for the Na- with such enormous devastation, we natural disasters and there are terror- tional Oceanic and Atmospheric Adminis- found Andrew people were doubly vic- ists. We cannot forget there are those tration, community oriented policing serv- timized. They were victimized by the who have a predatory intent against ice, and State and local law enforcement hurricane, and then they were victim- the United States of America and its assistance) ized by the inept approach of FEMA. communities. So we have to be ready On page 170, between lines 9 and 10, I went to work on reform. I worked to respond if they get through the fab- insert the following: with President Bush’s dad—I call him ulous intelligence network that we SEC. 304.(a) Notwithstanding the provisions President Bush 1—and Andy Card, who have to protect us. We want to be in title III under the heading ‘‘NATIONAL IN- is now the President’s Chief of Staff, to ready for that. STITUTE OF STANDARDS AND TECHNOLOGY’’ reform FEMA. We did. Let me tell you Quite frankly, there are those who and under the subheading ‘‘INDUSTRIAL TECH- NOLOGY SERVICES’’, none of the funds appro- we totally reformed FEMA. When say: Well, Senator MIKULSKI, are you priated in this Act may be made available President Clinton came in, he took saying we are going to worry more for the Advanced Technology Program of the that early work that we had begun about tornadoes than terrorists? Abso- National Institute of Standards and Tech- with President Bush 1. lutely not. We have to be ready. But if nology.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 08:49 Feb 28, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00013 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\FDSYS\2005BOUNDRECORD\BOOK15\NO-SSN\BR12SE05.DAT BR12SE05 ejoyner on DSK30MW082PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE September 12, 2005 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 20005 (b) Notwithstanding any other provision of entrepreneurs. What it has been for is million into the COPS Methamphet- this Act, the amount made available in title the major corporations in this country amine Hot Spots Program, and $4.9 III under the heading ‘‘NATIONAL OCEANIC that have billions and billions and bil- million into the National Weather AND ATMOSPHERIC ADMINISTRATION’’ and lions of dollars worth of sales every Service. under the subheading ‘‘OPERATIONS, RE- It is interesting to note, also, that SEARCH, AND FACILITIES’’ for the National year, and billions in profits. Yet we are Weather Service is increased by $4,900,000 now asking the American taxpayer to many of those who oppose this bill are and, of the total amount made available for take 30 to 40 percent of this ATP the ones who seek and have received such purpose under such subheading, money and fund the likes of General the most in terms of the grants from $3,950,000 shall be made available for the Electric, IBM, Motorola, and 3M, just the ATP program. If you look at Cali- Coastal and Inland Hurricane Monitoring to name four. fornia, where Senator FEINSTEIN will be and Prediction Program and $3,950,000 shall The fact is, good ideas will usually supporting this CJS bill, California ac- be made available for the Hurricane and Tor- get funded. There is venture capital all tually received $31 million as an aver- nado Broadcast Campaign. (c) Notwithstanding any other provision of across this country looking for good age from 1990 to 2004. However, with this Act, the amount made appropriated in ideas, private capital that will fund the Byrne JAG Program being reduced, title I under the heading ‘‘OFFICE OF JUSTICE great ideas. In this time of fiscal con- their average of $58 million for that PROGRAMS’’ and under the subheading ‘‘COM- straint, it is time we reprioritize what program will be reduced. MUNITY ORIENTED POLICING SERVICES’’ is in- we do with this money. ATP was created by Congress in 1988 creased by $72,000,000 and, of the total This amendment is intended to take to improve the global competitive posi- amount made available under such sub- the savings from ATP and put it in tion of high-tech industries in the heading, not less than $132,100,000 shall be three different programs. One of the United States. Very few of the things made available for the Methamphetamine that came out of that ATP program ac- Hot Spots program. programs is the Byrne Justice Assist- (d) Notwithstanding any other provisions ance Grants Program, which is mark- counted for the tremendous resurgence of this Act, the amount made appropriated edly needed today in terms of drug in the economic activities of the 1990s. in title I under the heading ‘‘OFFICE OF JUS- courts, in terms of drug busts, in terms Very few of the things have come out TICE PROGRAMS’’ and under the subheading of helping the district attorneys and of the ATP program, although there ‘‘STATE AND LOCAL LAW ENFORCEMENT ASSIST- State attorneys general accomplish the have been some. One in Oklahoma in ANCE’’ is increased by $48,000,000 and, of the very laws we put on the books in front particular, Pure Protein, a company in total amount made available under such sub- my home State, had an ATP program. heading, not less than $578,000,000 shall be of them. It transfers funding to the COPS But they also have venture capital made available for the Justice Assistance funding that would have funded that Grants program. Methamphetamine Hot Spots Program. research anyway. Mr. COBURN. Mr. President, this is There has never been a more dev- astating drug to our society than Many of the program’s most vocal an amendment to start us down the supporters believe without Federal way of reprioritizing our spending in methamphetamine. It is growing like wildfire. As a matter of fact, attached funding provided by ATP, countless re- this country. search projects would receive no money to this bill is a methamphetamine bill With the events of the last 2 weeks, at all, and that ATP exists to remedy that limits and restricts the sale of the tremendous deficit we face already, the failure of the market to fund re- pseudoephedrine throughout this coun- and the significant problems we face in search and development. There is no try. It is a compromise worked out by this country, especially in terms of evidence, however, that would support many of us on the Judiciary Com- methamphetamine, the Weather Serv- those claims. ice, and the Byrne Justice Assistance mittee, along with Senator TALENT and Time after time, ATP has been shown Grants, this is an amendment that will Senator FEINSTEIN, to put the brakes to fund initiatives that have already eliminate the Advanced Technology on the accessibility of pseudoephedrine been undertaken by the private sector. Program. in the manufacturing of methamphet- Year after year, multibillion-dollar There is no question that the ATP amine. corporations, as noted here, receive has done some good in its history. It It also helps fund the National millions of dollars from ATP. has $140 million in budget authority Weather Service for two hurricane and Regarding the claim that ATP pri- and has, this year, $22.4 million in out- tornado monitoring and broadcast pro- marily funds research that does not al- lays. But there has come a time when grams. Goodness knows, we need that. ready exist in the private sector, the we need to make decisions. One of the Different outlay rates for the different U.S. Government Accountability Office things I have been consistent on in programs result in only $124.9 million found in a 2000 report ATP-funded re- terms of my time in the Senate is in- of the original $140 million being trans- search on handwriting recognition that sisting that we start reprioritizing the ferred. began in the private sector in 1950. things that work and the things that In March, during debate over the GAO found that inherent factors with- do not work. budget resolution, Senator LEVIN of- in ATP made it unlikely that ATP— The Advanced Technology Program fered an amendment supporting ATP. and this is a quote—‘‘can avoid funding was scrutinized at a hearing of the Fed- One of the reasons for that is last year research already being pursued by the eral Financial Management Sub- Michigan got $31 million out of the $140 private sector in the same time pe- committee of the Homeland Security million. I can understand his desire to riod.’’ and Governmental Affairs Committee support that. But I would also note A 2002 report from the Federal Re- this year and had good testimony. I that methamphetamine is a growing serve Bank of Atlanta found that ATP will not demean some of the positive epidemic in Michigan. Law enforce- launched major efforts to fund Internet things that have come from this pro- ment and the Hot Spots Program to tools companies during periods when gram. There is no question certain fund the breaking down, the taking of venture funding was markedly increas- positive things have come from it. children out of areas that have been ex- ing its flow to these sectors. Further- However, GAO and the Comptroller posed to this tremendously derelict more, according to a program assess- General noted that 63 percent of the re- drug that is infecting and ruining the ment and rating tool used by the Office quests for grants through ATP never lives of hundreds of thousands of Amer- of Management and Budget, ATP does sought funds anywhere else. ATP is icans is important. not address a specific need and is not supposed to be the source of last resort It is interesting to note that for designed to make a unique contribu- on technology. every State in the United States, the tion. I have put up a chart to show the average funding from ATP has been The Byrne Justice Assistance Grants, American people who has actually been less than funding for the Byrne JAG through the Edward Byrne Memorial getting the funding. It has not been Program. The results of this will place Justice Assistance Grants, the Bureau small businessmen. It has not been new $48 million additional into the Byrne of Justice Assistance provides leader- ideas, innovation coming from small Justice Assistance Grants Program, $72 ship and guidance on crime control and

VerDate Sep 11 2014 08:49 Feb 28, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00014 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\FDSYS\2005BOUNDRECORD\BOOK15\NO-SSN\BR12SE05.DAT BR12SE05 ejoyner on DSK30MW082PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE 20006 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE September 12, 2005 violence prevention and works in part- fact sheet on Ohio, an article by the interdict, and dismantle clandestine drug nership with State and local govern- Cleveland Plain Dealer on the meth laboratories. This amendment would ensure ments to make communities safe and epidemic striking Ohio, a fact sheet on that this program receives the funding it improve the criminal justice system. Virginia, and a fact sheet on Min- needs to tackle the serious problems associ- ated with methamphetamine use and dis- The JAG Program was created in 2004 nesota. tribution. through the merger of two Federal There being no objection, the mate- This amendment also increases funding for grant programs, the Edward Byrne Me- rial was ordered to be printed in the the National Weather Service, and directs morial Drug Control and System Im- RECORD, as follows: the additional funding towards the Inland provement Grant Program and the OHIO FACT SHEET—COBURN AMENDMENT #1648 and Coastal Hurricane Monitoring and Pre- Local Law Enforcement Block Grant TO H.R. 2862 diction program and the Hurricane and Tor- Program. The JAG Program allows This amendment eliminates funding for nado Broadcast Campaign. the Advanced Technology Program (ATP) States and local governments to sup- [From the Plain Dealer, Aug. 7, 2005] port a broad range of activities to pre- and shifts the funding to three separate pro- METH EPIDEMIC STRIKES OHIO vent and control crime and to improve grams: Byrne Justice Assistance Grants (By Mark Gillispie) the criminal justice system. (JAG), Community Oriented Policing Serv- ices (COPS), and the National Weather Serv- The program focuses specifically on A scourge on the West Coast for nearly two ice (NWS). decades, methamphetamine has established a six separate purpose areas: law enforce- Specifically, funding for ATP is reduced by destructive toehold in Ohio, infecting rural ment programs; prosecution and court $140 million, funding for JAG is increased by outposts, big cities and middle-class suburbs programs; prevention and educational $48 million, funding for COPS/Methamphet- and consuming thousands of lives. programs; correction and community amine Hot Spots is increased by $72 million, Like moonshine, but far more addictive, correction programs; drug treatment and funding for NWS is increased by $4.9 mil- methamphetamine is a home-cooked concoc- programs; planning, evaluation, and lion. tion that can be brewed in kitchens, hotel technology improvement. Since 1990, ATP has funneled more than rooms, back yards and trunks of cars. $700 million to Fortune 500 companies that I want to tell you, as a physician, in- And its destructive surge eastward—rein- do not require government assistance. For vigorated by Mexican drug cartels—has been carceration does not solve drug addic- example, GE (revenues of $152 billion in 2004) driven largely by waves of hometown cooks, tion. It makes it worse. Drug treat- has received $91 million from ATP, IBM (rev- who pass the finished drug and their favorite ment programs solve drug addictions. enues of $96 billion in 2004) has received $126 recipes to family, friends and customers. In If we are going to cut the money going million from ATP, and Motorola (revenues of Summit County, a now-entrenched culture of to drug treatment programs, we are $31 billion in 2004) has received $44 million meth-cooking has been traced to one making a vital mistake, a mistake we from ATP since 1990. woman—Debra Oviatt—who has spent the will pay additional dollars for in the Since 1990, Ohio has received an average of last eight years in prison but is still known $6.1 million from ATP each year. In fiscal years to come. today as Akron’s ‘‘Mother of Meth.’’ year 2005, Ohio received $15.5 million from ‘‘There’s no doubt in my mind that Debbie The procedure for allocating JAG Byrne JAG funding alone. got the whole thing started,’’ said Larry funds is a formula based on population Even though ATP was created to fund re- Limbert, a retired narcotics detective with and crime statistics in combination search that cannot attract private financing, the Summit County Sheriff’s Office. with the minimum allocation to ensure a Government Accountability Office study Summit County has since become Ohio’s that each State and territory receives found that 63 percent of ATP grant recipi- meth capital. Narcotics officers dismantled an appropriate share. ents never even sought private financing. 104 labs there last year—far more than in Traditionally, under the Byrne for- Quite simply, ATP funnels taxpayer money any other county—and are on pace to exceed to billion dollar corporations that do not mula and LLEBG Program, funds were that total this year. Common wisdom in law need government subsidies for research and enforcement holds that for every one lab distributed 60–40 between State and development. busted, 10 remain undiscovered. local recipients. This distribution con- The National Association of Attorneys Nationally, the number of labs and other tinues under the JAG Program. General, National District Attorneys Asso- meth sites found last year topped 17,000, ac- The community-oriented policing ciation, National Narcotics Officers Associa- cording to federal statistics, up from just 327 services’ Methamphetamine Hot Spots tion Coalition, and National Sheriffs Asso- a decade ago. Program address a broad array of law ciation have all expressed support for the As authorities in dozens of states try to enforcement initiatives pertaining to Coburn amendment. shut down local cooks, evidence is mounting Earlier this year, Jim Pero, the Attorney the investigation of methamphetamine that ‘‘ice,’’ a more potent form of meth, is General of Ohio, co-signed a letter to Con- being shipped in from Mexico and California trafficking in heavily affected areas of gressional leadership stating that funding to fill entrenched demand. In Summit Coun- the country. This is the largest grow- cuts for law enforcement grants ‘‘will dev- ty, meanwhile, officials say the Department ing area of drug abuse in our country. astate state law enforcement efforts—espe- of Children Services has removed dozens of It has a tremendous impact not only on cially drug enforcement—if they are not re- children from homes where parents cooked the drug user but on their families be- stored.’’ In the absence of this amendment, and used meth in recent years. One-third of cause of the danger associated with it. Byrne JAG funding will be cut by $6.5 mil- juveniles enrolled in a Summit County drug- We have seen a marked increase of in- lion relative to 2005 levels. court program reported having tried the An August 2005 news article in The Plain fants who are delivered whose mothers drug, also commonly known as ‘‘crank,’’ Dealer, a newspaper in Cleveland, states, ‘‘A ‘‘crystal,’’ ‘‘speed’’ and ‘‘tweek.’’ are addicted to methamphetamine with scourge on the West Coast for nearly two The number of methamphetamine users tremendous negative consequences. decades, methamphetamine has established a who sought help at Oriana House, a drug- Earlier this year, 53 State attorneys destructive toehold in Ohio, infecting rural treatment organization in Summit County, general, including American Samoa outposts, big cities and middle-class suburbs jumped from 30 in 2001 to 386 last year. and North Mariana Islands and District and consuming thousands of lives.’’ ‘‘There’s definitely something going on out of Columbia, signed a letter to congres- A July 2005 survey of law enforcement there,’’ said Oriana executive vice president sional leadership asking us not to re- agencies conducted by the National Associa- Bernie Rochford. tion of Counties found that ‘‘Meth is the Police and narcotics agents in Lake Coun- duce the funding for the Byrne JAG leading drug-related local law enforcement ty have found 15 labs since September but and COPS Programs. The letter asked problem in the country.’’ only a handful before then. Portage County Congress to restore the reductions in According to the same survey, 70 percent has dismantled at least five labs since April. these law enforcement programs to a of responding officials stated that other Police in Ashtabula County have been find- level that allows the States to build on crimes, including robberies and burglaries, ing nearly one lab a week. The Children’s the results of the past, law enforce- had increased because of methamphetamine Services agency there has had to close an ad- ment partnerships represented by the use. olescent group home and shift resources to The Methamphetamine Hot Spots program, Byrne JAG and COPS Programs. I will pay for the care of children removed from part of COPS, addresses a broad array of law parents who cook and abuse meth. not go into the National Weather Serv- enforcement initiatives pertaining to the in- Methamphetamine use also is rising in ice. vestigation of methamphetamine use and Cleveland and its suburbs, where the drug Mr. President, I ask unanimous con- trafficking, trains law enforcement officials, had been confined mostly to gay bars, bath sent to have printed in the RECORD a collects intelligence, and works to discover, houses and strip clubs, says Lt. Michael

VerDate Sep 11 2014 08:49 Feb 28, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00015 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\FDSYS\2005BOUNDRECORD\BOOK15\NO-SSN\BR12SE05.DAT BR12SE05 ejoyner on DSK30MW082PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE September 12, 2005 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 20007 Jackson of the Cuyahoga County Sheriffs Of- ‘‘There isn’t a specific demographic that I least 85 percent of the crime in that city. Po- fice. Experts predict the problem will get associate with meth,’’ said Dr. Alex Stalcup, lice in Tucson, Ariz., attribute dramatic re- worse before it gets better. a drug treatment specialist in San Fran- cent jumps in thefts and burglaries to a ‘‘You’ve heard about crack, you’ve heard cisco. ‘‘It’s essentially a universal drug.’’ worsening methamphetamine problem. about heroin,’’ said Akron police Lt. Mike Three abusers: three different stories. And identity theft is emerging in many Caprez. ‘‘I’ve seen all those things take their Three abusers: Three different stories. communities as a crime of choice among course, and this has them both beat.’’ Like Margaret, 27, of Summit County, felt self- meth addicts. crack in some ways, meth is more dangerous. conscious about her weight after giving birth Bob Brown of the Colorado Bureau of Like crack in some ways, meth is more to her second child. Her boyfriend coaxed her Criminal Investigation said his agency has dangerous. into trying meth two years ago as she did investigated numerous rings of meth users Comparing meth to crack cocaine is apt on the laundry at their apartment in Mogadore. producing high-quality counterfeit checks a number of levels. ‘‘I remember I felt like my eyeballs were and identification cards. Both are stimulants. Both are highly ad- going to come out of my head, it burned so ‘‘They don’t sleep and they’re high,’’ dictive. bad,’’ Margaret said. ‘‘But then, I had all of Brown said of the meth-driven counter- While methamphetamine can be snorted, this energy. So much energy I didn’t know feiters. ‘‘They’re staying up late at night injected or eaten, more than half of those what to do.’’ when the rest of us are sleeping, and they’re who sought treatment for meth addiction in She said she stayed up for five days cranking this stuff out.’’ 2003 said they smoked the drug—which is straight, calling off work, scouring and Nearly 60 percent of county sheriffs said in how crack is ingested. scrubbing virtually every inch of her apart- a recent national survey that the meth epi- Smoking meth produces the same strong, ment. demic is their worst drug problem—three instantaneous ‘‘rush’’ that crack smokers ‘‘I loved to clean when I was on it,’’ she times the number mentioning cocaine. achieve. said. ‘‘It’s not like the crack epidemic,’’ said Methamphetamine floods the pleasure cen- She did indeed lose weight. But then she Richard Rawson, a drug treatment expert at ters of the brain with large amounts of the lost her job, and, because of bad luck, a UCLA. ‘‘It’s not a flare-up and flame-out. It’s neurotransmitter dopamine. It also affects vengeful boyfriend and the bag of meth po- a gradual infestation and it stays there. other body chemicals that govern sleep, lice found in her purse, she lost custody of That’s not a very positive perspective on the thirst, hunger and sex drive, making a per- her two children, too. future.’’ son feel energetic, wakeful and hypersexual. Margaret is now in a community-based THE MAKING OF SUMMIT’S MOTHER OF METH But meth remains in the body 10 times corrections facility in Akron working to put The infestation in Akron can be traced to longer than crack, which can make meth her life back together. when Debra Oviatt returned to Ohio a second cheaper to use. And while crack is obviously ‘‘I can’t believe I let this happen to me,’’ time from California, bringing along her fa- dangerous, methamphetamine causes even she said. vorite recipe for home-cooked meth. more physical harm. Chad, a 20-year-old recovering addict, said Oviatt, 52, grew up in Wadsworth but A strong neurotoxin, methamphetamine he became instantly addicted to meth after moved as a young adult to California, where damages the brain and other vital organs in someone gave him a few lines to snort at the she was arrested numerous times for auto a way that crack does not. And recovery, Streetsboro manufacturing plant where he theft and was sentenced twice to prison. while possible, can be more difficult and worked. He said many of his coworkers used She returned to Ohio after being paroled in take longer. meth to endure the grind of 12-hour days on 1986 and apparently brought a meth habit It can take several years of abstinence be- the factory floor. with her. fore meth addicts’ body chemistry straight- ‘‘That was my excuse, to get through the Postal inspectors arrested her in 1991 after ens out and they can feel ‘‘normal’’ again. shift,’’ Chad said. a package containing methamphetamine was Early studies show some of the brain damage Max, 34, of Cleveland, said he and numer- mailed from California to her brother-in- is reversible. ous gay men he had sex with in West Side law’s home in Richfield. Oviatt received six The drug also rots teeth, a condition bath houses would use meth. Most preferred months in state prison. known as ‘‘meth mouth.’’ Users develop ugly not to use condoms, he said, and few asked She fled to California three years later sores caused by incessant picking and him about his HIV status. He is positive. when one of her customers was arrested after scratching at phantom ‘‘crank bugs’’ they Max said he has been drug-free since April, a 3-ounce package of meth was sent to his feel under their skin. when he and other members of a group call- home. And when the dopamine ‘‘buzz’’ wears off, ing itself the ‘‘Gay Mafia’’ were arrested in a When she came back to the Akron area in meth users are left wide awake for hours on sweeping methamphetamine bust. Federal 1996, Oviatt brought with her a deadly leg- end feeling angry and depressed. authorities say the group sold meth brought acy: the ability to make her own meth and a The quick fix is more meth, which can here from Phoenix. willingness to pass on the recipe. trigger a vicious cycle of addiction. Hard- ‘‘Had I not gotten busted, I would still be Methamphetamine is manufactured using core meth users, known as ‘‘tweekers,’’ doing it,’’ Max acknowledged. ‘‘I don’t think a witch’s brew of solvents and chemicals to sometimes go days, even weeks, without there’s anything wrong with it.’’ change the molecular structure of sleep. While crack use increased rapidly, peaked pseudoephedrine, the active ingredient in That’s when they become especially dan- in the late 1980s and then fell off as people popular over-the-counter cold remedies such gerous to themselves and others. Meth-driv- became wary of its effects, meth use has as Sudafed and Actifed. en psychosis—chiefly paranoia and halluci- been rising steadily. Meth labs are typically lowtech affairs. nations—combined with severe sleep depriva- From 1993 to 2003, the number of people The tools of the trade—glass jars, plastic tion can result in bizarre and violent behav- seeking treatment for meth addiction soda bottles, coffee filters and aquarium ior. James Trimble’s attorney has claimed in jumped five-fold. hoses—can fit inside a typical suitcase. The court filings that his client was in the throes Also in 2003, 14 states reported that more flammable and combustible nature of the in- of methinduced psychosis when he killed people entered treatment for methamphet- gredients makes the process potentially dan- three people in Portage County’s Brimfield amine than for cocaine and heroin combined. gerous, but not difficult to learn. Township in January. A survey that year estimated that more than ‘‘There’s definitely a science in making it, Because it is cheaper to use than crack, 600,000 people recently used meth, about the but it’s not rocket science,’’ said Michael and because some start using it for reasons same number as used crack. But experts now Fox, a drug counselor with the Community other than getting high, meth has also had a believe that meth use has exceeded crack. Health Center of Akron. ‘‘With a little bit of broader appeal among potential abusers. Unlike crack, methamphetamine—often training, anybody can make it.’’ Women, who abuse meth at about the same referred to as ‘‘poor man’s cocaine’’—has Meth cooks typically attract a small cote- rate as men, often report that they began swept through rural communities across the rie of friends and addicts who gather ingredi- using the drug to lose weight. country, including in southern Ohio. ents, such as cold pills, in exchange for a Blue-collar and construction workers use But it has long been popular in big cities share of the finished product. methamphetamine for an energy boost to get as well, especially out west, where places When those friends and addicts learn the them through long days of hard labor. like San Diego, Phoenix and Portland, Ore., recipe themselves, they often form their own An epidemiologist recently reported that report high rates of meth addiction. co-operatives, which leads to more cooking, in North Carolina, hunters and fishermen are Police in Los Angeles say meth has become more drugs and more addiction. using meth to stay awake. that city’s No. 1 drug. That’s essentially what happened with Gay men everywhere use meth for its abil- And police in other western states say Oviatt, authorities say. And the result was a ity to enhance sex. Stepped-up meth use is methamphetamine is not only their top drug dramatic increase in meth abuse in southern being blamed for dramatic recent increases concern, it’s their top crime problem as well. Summit County. in infection rates for HIV and other sexually Walt Myers, the recently retired police How many people she eventually taught to transmitted diseases. chief in Salem, Ore., said meth use drives at make the drug is in dispute.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 08:49 Feb 28, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00016 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\FDSYS\2005BOUNDRECORD\BOOK15\NO-SSN\BR12SE05.DAT BR12SE05 ejoyner on DSK30MW082PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE 20008 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE September 12, 2005 Although she declined twice to be inter- It’s in that general area that most of Sum- Seizures of ‘‘ice’’—the nearly pure form of viewed, Oviatt claimed in a letter to have mit County’s meth labs have been found, in- meth churned out in Mexican super labs— taught only two. Police think it’s many cluding a would-be meth school operated by have jumped nearly five fold in Oklahoma more. Brian Matheny, who police believe learned since its pseudoephedrine law took effect in Among her students, they say, was Oviatt’s and improved on Oviatt’s recipe. April 2004. son, Christopher Shrake, who is serving a A nurse by training, Matheny set up a lab Ice, which resembles shards of glass, ‘‘is second prison sentence for meth manufac- in the basement of his Kenmore home, sell- like meth on rocket fuel,’’ said Mark Wood- turing. ing meth to support a substantial heroin ward, a spokesman for the Oklahoma Bureau of Narcotics and Dangerous Drugs. LEGENDARY COOK UNDAUNTED BY CHARGES habit. Using a camera he had received for Christ- Because of its purity and strength, he said, It was Shrake’s carelessness that led to the mas, he made an instructional video on meth it’s more addictive and more dangerous than discovery of Summit County’s first known manufacturing. the home-cooked meth it’s replacing. methamphetamine lab nearly 10 years ago. Police found the tape during a search of As long as the demand for meth highs per- About 7:30 a.m. on May 5, 1996, the Green the basement in September 1997. sists, the future does not look bright. There Fire Department got a call about a fire at a It shows Matheny coughing and exhaling are no signs that meth use is dropping in the home on East Turkeyfoot Road. Shrake ap- hydrochloric gas, which is used in one step of West, Midwest or Southeast—areas of the parently started the fire while mishandling the cooking process. country where meth use has become en- some of the ingredients. Penny Bishop, 43, got hooked on meth trenched. The home sustained extensive damage. about the same time, and in the same gen- More Californians were treated for meth- Firefighters’ initial suspicions were con- eral neighborhood, and eventually learned to amphetamine addiction than alcoholism in firmed when members of a Summit County cook as well—out of economic necessity. 2003. And meth has started to make inroads drug unit arrived and revealed that they had Bishop says a friend introduced her to the into Pennsylvania, Maryland and rural com- been investigating reports of a meth lab in drug in 1997, and she liked it immediately. In munities of New York—the outskirts of the the home. about two months, her habit grew from $100 Northeast Corridor, which is home to 60 mil- A Summit County grand jury indicted a week to $400 as she switched from eating lion people, one-fifth of the U.S. population. Vermont and Maine have been bracing for Oviatt and Shrake. But that didn’t slow meth to smoking it. Oviatt down. ‘‘I had to have it just to get out of bed,’’ an upswing in meth use and manufacturing. Police say that after a friend made and Bishop said. ‘‘If I didn’t have it, I wasn’t Two labs were recently found in Connecticut. ‘‘Their numbers [of meth users] are going sold enough meth to post her bail, Oviatt set moving.’’ to go up,’’ said Special Agent Michael Heald, up a shifting string of labs in people’s homes Bishop depended on the drug to allow her a methamphetamine expert with the U.S. and in hotels along Interstate 77. to work long hours managing a gasoline sta- Detectives said Oviatt sometimes enlisted Drug Enforcement Administration. tion. But when her habit quickly exceeded Heald acknowledged that law enforce- the help of her 6-year-old daughter to scrape her salary, the friend who first sold her meth ment’s ability to stop the eastward surge of methamphetamine residue from filters, tell- began giving her money to buy cold pills. meth is limited. Prevention and treatment, ing her it was bird seed. She started shoplifting the pills so she he said, are the best weapons in this par- Oviatt initially was selective about whom could keep the cash and, as many meth ad- ticular battle in the war on drugs. she taught, sometimes sharing only a por- dicts do, learned to make the drug herself. ‘‘Until we teach people that drugs are ab- tion of the recipe in exchange for cash or Bishop, a high school dropout, said she solutely destructive to ourselves and society, meth-making ingredients, a former student caught on quickly. we can arrest all the people we can’’ and still said. That changed when it was clear she was ‘‘It was amazing I could take all these not win, Heald said. headed to prison. chemicals and make a drug, but I can’t grasp ‘‘We can’t do this alone.’’ ‘‘Debbie wanted to teach anybody and ev- simple things to get my GED,’’ Bishop said. erybody so this town would be flooded and By the late 1990s, many stores had begun VIRGINIA FACT SHEET—COBURN AMENDMENT nobody would make any money,’’ the stu- limiting how many boxes of cold pills a per- #1648 TO H.R. 2862 dent said. son could buy at one time. (It takes about This amendment eliminates funding for Before she could settle the charges from 1,100 standard-strength pills to make a 1- the Advanced Technology Program (ATP) the Green incident, Oviatt was arrested in ounce batch of meth, roughly 280 doses.) and shifts the funding to three separate pro- August 1996 at a hotel in Wadsworth. Meth cooks have generally sidestepped grams: Byrne Justice Assistance Grants Police, who had been called because of a such measures by sending out groups of peo- (JAG), Community Oriented Policing Serv- fight between Shrake and his girlfriend, ple to buy cold pills from as many stores as ices (COPS), and the National Weather Serv- found methlab components in Oviatt’s room. necessary to acquire the amount needed for ice (NWS). Oviatt agreed to a plea deal on charges the next batch. Specifically, funding for ATP is reduced by from both arrests. But before sentencing, she Laws cripple cooks, but meth keeps com- $140 million, funding for JAG is increased by fled in February 1997 with the 6-year-old and ing. But in the last two years, authorities $48 million, funding for COPS/Methamphet- a pregnant 16-year-old daughter. have gotten more aggressive in trying to amine Hot Spots is increased by $72 million, Detectives spent five months chasing her squeeze the cooks. and funding for NWS is increased by $4.9 mil- around Ohio, West Virginia and Pennsyl- About 40 states have passed laws to re- lion. vania. strict the sale of pseudoephedrine products Since 1990, ATP has funneled more than ‘‘She bounced from apartment house to or are considering them. $700 million to Fortune 500 companies that apartment house, hotel to hotel,’’ said In Ohio, legislators are considering a bill do not require government assistance. For Limbert, the retired detective. ‘‘They would that would restrict sales of pseudoephedrine example, GE (revenues of $152 billion in 2004) make enough dope in those places that they products. has received $91 million from ATP, IBM (rev- would be OK.’’ The Oregon legislature agreed last month enues of $96 billion in 2004) has received $126 Oviatt’s meth-cooking career ended on to make it a prescription drug. And Congress million from ATP, and Motorola (revenues of June 22, 1997. That’s when her younger is considering a bill that would follow Okla- $31 billion in 2004) has received $44 million daughter called 9–1–1 from a hotel in Spring- homa’s lead by requiring buyers of the pills from ATP since 1990. field Township and asked to speak with to show identification and sign a log book. Since 1990, Virginia has received an aver- Limbert and Detective Bruce Berlin. Oviatt, A number of national retailers have volun- age of $3.4 million from ATP each year. In who had left the hotel, was arrested later tarily moved cold tablets to more-secure fiscal year 2005, Virginia received $9.7 mil- that evening. areas of their stores. And drug manufactur- lion from Byrne JAG funding alone. She pleaded guilty to various charges, in- ers are gearing up production of cold pills Even though ATP was created to fund re- cluding racketeering and kidnapping, and re- that contain phenylephrine—which cannot search that cannot attract private financing, ceived a 2-year sentence. easily be converted into meth—instead of a Government Accountability Office study Police believe that by the time she went to pseudoephedrine. found that 63 percent of ATP grant recipi- prison, dozens of others had learned how to Since Oklahoma’s pioneering law took ef- ents never even sought private financing. make methamphetamine, either directly fect last year, methlab seizures there have Quite simply, ATP funnels taxpayer money from Oviatt or from one of her students. plummeted. to billion dollar corporations that do not But not all the news is good. Narcotics de- need government subsidies for research and SOUTH AKRON IS HOTBED FOR METH tectives say there is more meth than ever in development. Oviatt and her proteges helped make most- Oklahoma. And the quality is better. The National Association of Attorneys ly white, blue-collar Akron neighborhoods With local cooks being shut down, the General, National District Attorneys Asso- like Kenmore and Firestone Park—along state’s entrenched meth demand is now ciation, National Narcotics Officers Associa- with nearby Barberton and Springfield being met by Mexican narcotraficantes who tion Coalition, and National Sheriffs Asso- Township—the epicenter of meth making in have stepped up production, mostly south of ciation have all expressed support for the Summit County. the border, to supply a growing U.S. market. Coburn amendment.

VerDate Sep 11 2014 08:49 Feb 28, 2017 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00017 Fmt 0686 Sfmt 0634 E:\FDSYS\2005BOUNDRECORD\BOOK15\NO-SSN\BR12SE05.DAT BR12SE05 ejoyner on DSK30MW082PROD with CONG-REC-ONLINE September 12, 2005 CONGRESSIONAL RECORD—SENATE 20009 Earlier this year, Judith Williams Earlier this year, Mike Hatch, the Attor- ORDER OF PROCEDURE Jagdmann, the Attorney General of Virginia, ney General of Minnesota, co-signed a letter Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I ask co-signed a letter to Congressional leader- to Congressional leadership. The letter stat- ship. The letter stated that funding cuts for ed that funding cuts for law enforcement unanimous consent that the time from law enforcement grants ‘‘will devastate state grants ‘‘will devastate state law enforcement 5 o’clock to 5:30 today be a period of law enforcement efforts—especially drug en- efforts—especially drug enforcement—if they morning business and that that time be forcement—if they are not restored.’’ In the are not restored.’’ In the absence of this under my control or, in my absence, absence of this amendment, Byrne JAG fund- amendment, Byrne JAG funding will be cut the control of the Senator from Cali- ing will be cut by $6.5 million relative to 2005 by $6.5 million relative to 2005 levels. fornia, Mrs. BOXER. levels. In Minnesota, at least 5 percent of high The PRESIDING OFFICER. Without In Virginia, at least 7 percent of high school students have admitted to using objection, it is so ordered. school students have admitted to using methamphetamines at least once. A July methamphetamines at least once. A July 2005 survey of law enforcement agencies con- f 2005 survey of law enforcement agencies con- ducted by the National Association of Coun- NOMINATION OF JOHN ROBERTS ducted by the National Association of Coun- ties found that ‘‘Meth is the leading drug-re- Ms. MIKULSKI. Mr. President, I will ties found that ‘‘Meth is the leading drug-re- lated local law enforcement problem in the lated local law enforcement problem in the country.’’ put on a different hat. I was talking country.’’ about appropriations. Now I will talk According to the same survey, 70 percent According to the same survey, 70 percent of responding officials stated that other about a drama that is unfolding in the of responding officials stated that other Senate which is the confirmation hear- crimes, including robberies and burglaries, crimes, including robberies and burglaries, had increased because of methamphetamine had increased because of methamphetamine ings on Judge John Roberts to go to use. use. the Supreme Court and to be the Chief The Methamphetamine Hot Spots program, The Methamphetamine Hot Spots program, Justice. I rise today to talk about this part of COPS, addresses a broad array of law part of COPS, addresses a broad array of law nomination because this is a decision enforcement initiatives pertaining to the in- enforcement initiatives pertaining to the in- of enormous consequence. One of the vestigation of methamphetamine use and vestigation of methamphetamine use and most significant and far-reaching votes trafficking, trains law enforcement officials, trafficking, trains law enforcement officials, a Senator can make relates to the Su- collects intelligence, and works to discover, collects intelligence, and works to discover, interdict, and dismantle clandestine drug interdict, and dismantle clandestine drug preme Court. Why? Because it is irrev- laboratories. This amendment would ensure laboratories. This amendment would ensure ocable. When you vote for a Supreme that this program receives the funding it that this program receives the funding it Court Justice, that Justice has a life- needs to tackle the serious problems associ- needs to tackle the serious problems associ- time appointment. Unless there is an ated with methamphetamine use and dis- ated with methamphetamine use and dis- impeachment, which is rare, it is for- tribution. tribution. ever. This amendment also increases funding for This amendment also increases funding for The hearings are incredibly impor- the National Weather Service, and directs the National Weather Service, and directs tant, they provide the Senate and the the additional funding towards the Inland the additional funding towards the Inland American public with the opportunity and Coastal Hurricane Monitoring and Pre- and Coastal Hurricane Monitoring and Pre- diction program and the Hurricane and Tor- diction program and the Hurricane and Tor- to know more about where the nominee nado Broadcast Campaign. nado Broadcast Campaign. stands on core constitutional prin- Senator Norm Coleman of Minnesota is a ciples. I urge Judge Roberts to answer MINNESOTA FACT SHEET—COBURN co-sponsor of this amendment. the questions that the Committee asks AMENDMENT #1648 TO H.R. 2862 of him. Mr. COBURN. This is an area where This amendment eliminates funding for But equally important is completing there will be some controversy. I don’t the Advanced Technology Program (ATP) the picture. The Senate should have ac- know if we will win the vote on this and shifts the I funding to three separate cess to the full record of the nominee programs: Byrne Justice Assistance Grants amendment. If we start looking at the who is going into the hearings. We need (JAG), Community Oriented Policing Serv- human faces of what we, as Govern- to know more about Judge Roberts. We ices (COPS), and the National Weather Serv- ment, can do versus what business on have all met him. We find him person- ice (NWS). its own can do and venture capital on Specifically, funding for ATP is reduced by able. We find him smart. We find him its own can do, what we will see is that $140 million, funding for JAG is increased by capable. But we wonder, what is his ju- our parochialism needs to stop in $48 million, funding for COPS/Methamphet- dicial philosophy. What will he be like, terms of benefits to limited numbers, amine Hot Spots is increased by $72 million, not only as a member of Court but now and funding for NWS is increased by $4.9 mil- and we need to increase benefits to the as the Chief Justice. Look back to the lion. masses. What I am asking by this grant record, not only the resume but to the Since 1990, ATP has funneled more than is to eliminate a program that is mar- record. $700 million to Fortune 500 companies that ginal at best and put the money where do not require government assistance. For This is why I am joining with a group example, GE (revenues of $152 billion in 2004) it is going to make a tremendous dif- of other Senators to urge the White has received $91 million from ATP, IBM (rev- ference in people’s lives, born and un- House to release documents on 16 cases enues of $96 billion in 2004) has received $126 born. It is my hope the Senate will con- argued by the Solicitor General when million from ATP, and Motorola (revenues of cur with the amendment and that we Judge Roberts was the Principal Dep- $31 billion in 2004) has received $44 million can have a bipartisan vote to do it. It from ATP since 1990. uty Solicitor General. You might ask: is also my hope that this is the first of Why do you need to know this? This is Since 1990, Minnesota has received an aver- many amendments, as we continue the age of $4.6 million from ATP each year. In when then Mr. Roberts played a very fiscal year 2005, Minnesota received $6.9 mil- appropriations process, where we will important role in shaping strategy, lion from Byrne JAG funding alone. start making the hard choices—not recommending policy, and it is one of Even though ATP was created to fund re- easy, not black and white, but gray— the best insights we have into his judi- search that cannot attract private financing, that are necessary for us to meet the cial philosophy, his views, his legal a Government Accountability Office study growing needs of the Federal Govern- found that 63 percent of ATP grant recipi- reasoning. We want to know: Where ment in this time of tremendous trag- does he stand on an issue such as the ents never even sought private financing. edy along our gulf coast and in a time Quite simply, ATP funnels taxpayer money implicit right of privacy, on issues re- to billion dollar corporations that do not of tragedy for our budget. lated to civil rights, on religious ex- need government subsidies for research and It is my hope we won’t vote this pression, on title IX, on affirmative ac- development. based on what we feel our own State tion, and voting rights. And we want to The National Association of Attorneys gets but what is best for the country know because the record before us now General, National District Attorneys Asso- and how we move forward. ciation, National Narcotics Officers Associa- raises serious questions about his com- tion Coalition, and National Sheriffs Asso- I yield the floor. mitment to women’s and civil rights. ciation have all expressed support for the The PRESIDING OFFICER. The Sen- Prior to any vote, the American people Coburn amendment. ator from Maryland. need to know where he stands on these

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