TELESCOPE June, 1962 Volume 11, Number 6

Great Lakes Maritime Institute DOSSIN MUSEUM. BELLE ISLE. 7. MICHIGAN Telescope

Almost any man-made waterway of the upper Great NOTES: Lakes may expect a weekly call by the Georgian Bay Liner NORTH AMERICAN this July. A new schedule will take the trim cruise ship into Lakes Superior, Huron and Michigan, calling at points between Detroit, and Port Arthur, Ont. The plan is made possible by dropping NORTH AMERICAN'S usual mid-week Lake Erie visits for that month; in August she returns to her normal route. Taking advantage S.S. NORTH AMERICAN of July's long daylight hours, NORTH AMERICAN pre­ Queen of the Great Lakes 7 DAYS sents an Imaginative itinerary well balanced between varied ports of call, scenic river and canal passages, and crossings of the open lake.

Sailing northward from Detroit on Mondays, NORTH AMERICAN spends afternoon and early evening in Lake St. Clair and the St. Clair River; Lake Huron is crossed by night. Tuesday morning brings a cruise up the St. Mary's River, locking through the "Soo" Canal at 2 p.m., bound for .

Wednesday is perhaps the most impressive day, beginning with an early morning landfall off Port Arthur, Ontario. The skyline contains huge grain elevators set against a mountain backdrop, and stretches off toward adjacent Fort William, the other of the twin ports forming Canada's Lakehead. Gathered behind the breakwater are tugs tending great rafts of floating logs which supply the paper industry. The Lakehead is also the northern ter­ minus for the handsome Canadian Pacific steamers ASSINIBOIA and KEEWATIN, running to Georgian Bay, with boat trains on to Toronto; but they are not in port on Wednesdays. Near Port Arthur are the Kakabaka Falls, which passengers may arrange to visit. At noon NORTH AMERICAN sorties from Port

(Continued on page 125)

...... IN Notes; NORTH AMERICAN for Port Arthur I ...... 118 A Robert Hopkin Portfolio ...... n g Lighthouse Tenders of the Great Lakes (III) By the Rev. Edward J. Dowling, S. J ...... 122 THIS ALGOMAH II: A ship of many lives By William M. Worden ...... 126 Picture Pages By Emory A. Massman, Jr., John Miller and the Rev. Edward J. Dowling, S. J ...... 131 ISSUE Curator's Corner, By Robert E. Lee ...... 134 The Big Splash: HAMONIC By the Rev. Edward J. Dowling, S. J ...... 135 Great Lakes Marine News ...... 435 Meeting Notices and Cover Description ...... 140 Telescope -11

B O @ < 3 8 ® I> O P K lT ) PORTFOLIO

Part One: Paintings mounted upon panels in center of room, listed in the order seen by viewers walking in a counter­ clockwise direction: 1. Detroit River The Dossin Great Lakes Museum has Docks. Water color (13" recently presented an exhibition of x 9V), Dossin Museum paintings on marine subjects by the (gift of E. J. and D. Detroit painter, Robert Hopkin (see Farwell). Dated 8/6/02. April Telescope, cover and page 78). 2 . Steamer ARROW. Telescope takes this opportunity to Oil (29" x 18V), Dossin present a list of the paintings which Museum Coll. (gift of Mrs. were exhibited and photographs of a Richard P. Joy). Painted selection of these paintings. in 1853. 3. Indiana Sand Dunes, . Water color (30" x 18V), lent by Mrs. Thomas B. Schepers, Lansing, Mich. 4. Detroit River. Oil (28V x 19"), lent by Mr. Seberon C. Shields. 5. Haunted Mill on Mays Creek, Springwells. (Mounted in glass case.) Oil painting is compared with sketch study. Oil courtesy of Mrs. F. C. Marshall; sketch courtesy of Burton Collection, Detroit Public Library. 6 . Starting Out. Oil (19 V x 13 V ) , lent by Mr. Seberon C. Shields. 7. Shore Scene. Oil (19 V x 13 V ) , lent by Mr. Seberon C. Shields. 8 . A study of the Rouge River. Oil (17V x 9V). Lent by Mr. Seberon C. Shields. 9. The Old Glass Works on the Rouge River, April, 1889. Water color (35 V x 23 V ) • Lent by 20 Mr. Arthur Hopkin Gibson. -12 0- Telescope

Part Twoj Paintings mounted upon walls, as seen by viewers walking in a counter-clockwise direction from entrance: 10. Buoy and Gulls. Water color (19V1 x 13V') lent by Mr. and Mrs. F. C. Marshall. 11. Seascape (River Clyde) . oil (35V' x 52V), lent by the Jesuit Community of the University of Detroit, gift of the Farwell Estate. 12. Ship and Gulls. Water color (19V x 14"), Dossin Museum Collection. 13. Steamer R. N. RICE. Oil (58 V x 27V'), lent by Burton Collection, Detroit Public Library. Exhibited at 1876 Centen- Telescope -12 1 -

nial Exposition, Phila­ delphia, Pa. 14. Old ZACK CHAND­ LER. Oil (643s" X 503s"), lent by Mr. Seberon C. Shields. Painted 1872 at Sleeping Bear Point, Lake Michigan (see cover). 15. "Comment Ca va?" Oil (50" x 27"), Dossin Museum, gift of M r . and Mrs. Willard S. Worcester, (see April Telescope, p.78.) 16. Mending Nets. Oil (30%" x 21%"), lent by Mr. Seberon C. Shields. 4 17 . "Good Night". Oil (72" x 44"), Dossin Museum, gift of Detroit & Michigan Artists Memorial, Inc. Anchor liner CIR­ CASSIA bids good night to bark MARY CAMPBELL, 1883. (Atlantic Ocean). 18. Building the Breakwater. Oil (35%" x 29%"), Dossin Museum. At Chicago in 1870s. 19. Seascape with Schooners. Oil (18" x 12"), Dossin Museum. Suggests Grand Banks fish­ ing grounds, Atl. Ocean. 20. Setting the Range Lights. Oil (32" x 2 38%"), lent by Detroit Institute of Arts, gift of Mr. William C. Weber. St. Clair Flats area. 21. Scow Schooners in a Squall. Water color (21%" x 17"), Dossin M u s . 22. A Distant View of the Capitol, 1870s, at Detroit. Water color (21%" x 26%"), Detroit Historical Museum, gift of Detroit and Michigan Artists Memorial, Inc. 23. The Foot of Woodward Avenue, 1867 view. Oil, (21%" x 13%"), lent by Mrs. Nina Shrimp- 23 t on Br own. -12 2 - Telescope

L ig h t h o u s e T e n d e r s o f t h e G r e a t L a k es

Part Three By the Rev. Edward J. Dowling, S. J.

SUMAC 1903 Port Richmond, N. Y. by Bur lee Dry Dock Co. Steel steamship, 160 x 30 x 19. Later tug OSCAR LEHTINEN (Can. 173181) of Port Arthur. SUNDEW (i) (ex CAPTAIN EDWIN C. LONG), 1919 Rocky River, Ohio. Wood motor vessel, 101 x 24 x 13. SUNDEW (ii) 1944 Duluth by Marine Iron & Shipbuilding Co. Steel motorship, 180 x 37 x 12. Stationed on Great Lakes. Rescued only survivors of sunken CARL D. BRADLEY, 1958. SWEETBRIAR 1943 Duluth by Marine Iron and Shipbuilding'Co. Steel motorship. 180 x 37 x 12 . SWEETGUM 1943 Duluth by Marine Iron and Shipbuilding Co. Steel motorship. 180 x 37 x 12. TAMARACK 1934 Manitowoc by Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co. Steel motor­ ship, 124 x 39 x 7.5. Presently stationed at the Soo. TUPELO 1942 Duluth by Zenith Dredge Co. Steel motorship, 180 x 37 x 12. Presently stationed on the Great Lakes. VIOLET 1930 Manitowoc by Manitowoc Shipbuilding Co. Steel steam­ ship, 170 x 32 x 10. WALNUT 1939 Oakland, California, by Moore Dry Dock Co. Steel steamship, later motor vessel. 173 x 34 x 11. Stationed on the Great Lakes briefly in the early 1940s. WARRINGTON (ex HENRY WARRINGTON, US 11857), 1868 Detroit. Wooden Steamship. Sold in 1910 to Hines Lumber Co. of Chicago and converted into a steam barge. Stranded near Charle­ voix, Michigan, 8/21/11, loaded with lumber. WHITE LUPINE (ex U.S.S. YF 446), 1943. Steel diesel-electric powered tender, 133 (oa) x 30 x 10. Stationedon Lake Ontario. WOODBINE 1942 Duluth by Zenith Dredge Co. Steel motorship, 180 x 37 x 12. Stationed on Lake Michigan at present. WOODRUSH 1944 Duluth by Zenith Dredge Co. Steel motorship, 180 x 37 x 12. Stationed at Duluth at present.

Fellow member Ken Smith of Highland Park has informed us that the hull of ASPEN (see March Telescope) is lying at Spring Lake, Mich., near Grand Haven, and is owned by A. E. Bonner of Spring Lake, who hopes to convert the hull into a commercial vessel.

Fellow member Ed Clark of Chalfont, Pa., has sent us a photo of the former tender CAMELLIA (see March Telescope) lying at Wright Brothers scrap yard at Bridgeport, New Jersey, in 1948, apparently awaiting scrapping. Ed also informed us that CAMELLIA had been converted from steam to diesel power in 1936. Telescope -12 3 -

Above: United States Lighthouse Tender TAMARACK (Photograph by Ken Smith)

Below: Former United States Lighthouse Tender CAMELLIA in 1948 at Bridgeport, New Jersey. (Photograph by Edward 0. Clark) -12 4 - Telescope

United States Light Vessel No. 61 (IAKE HURON) (Photograph courtesy of John Keast) Addenda; Lightships off the Lakes By the Rev. Edward J. Dowling, S. J. Since there is not space in this issue of Telescope for the list of Canadian lighthouse tenders and similar vessels, we are inserting some recently-received information on the light vessels.

The response to our recent series on the lightships has been most encouraging. Our thanks are especially due to fellow members George Ayoub, Ed Clark, Dave Glick, John Keast, Mrs. R. Hollister, Earl C. Palmer, Paul Sotirin and Peter Worden for much valuable information. Others also have been helpful. We are grateful to them all.

Your author has decided to expand the list of lightships to in­ clude ALL American and Canadian units. Therefore, either information of these vessels or pictures of them, from old snapshots, postcards, magazine cuts, etc., will be most helpful. Any copyable illustra­ tions of these vessels which you may wish to keep, would be welcomed on loan long enough to copy them. They may be sent care of the Author (at University of Detroit, Detroit 21, Michigan), or care of M r . Lee at the Dossin Great Lakes Museum.

Here are some noteworthy additions to the lightship list:

U.S. Light Vessel No. 54 (1892 West Bay City by Wheeler), whose last station was STONE HORSE, off Wood's Hole, Mass., was scrapped at Fieldsboro, N. J., in 1955. (See Telescope, Oct., 1961.) U.S. Light Vessel No. 75 (1902 Ferrysburg by Johnston Bros.) was first stationed at GROSSE POINT (note spelling), then moved to Telescope -12 5 -

its better-known station ST. CIAIR around 1907 or 1908. The earlier lightships at GROSSE POINT (1881 and 1887) had been operated by J. W. Westcott privately. (See Oct. Telescope.) U.S. Light Vessel No. 58 (1893 Toledo by Craig), originally sta­ tioned at NANTUCKET and later service as a relief, was lost in the following manner. While relieving the regular light vessel at POLLOCK RIP station off Massachusetts, she was damaged by being run into by a coastwise steamship, late in May of 1905. After repairs, she returned to her station. In a severe storm on June 11, 1905, she sprung a leak. The tender AZALEA came to her assistance, and while attempting to tow the light vessel to port, the latter foundered. AZALEA rescued the crew. U.S. Light Vessel No. 100, 1929 Muskegon, Michigan, by Racine- Truscott-Shell Lake Boat Co. Steel steamship, later motorship, 108 x 30 x 15. Stations: BLUNTS (Blunt's Reef, Calif.), 1930- 1950; RELIEF since 1951. Presently designated as WAL - 523. Canadian Light Vessel No. 7 , steel schooner, date of build unknown. Acquired by Dept, of Transport in 1947 and stationed at PRINCE SHOALS, near the junction of the St. Lawrence and Saguenay Rivers, until replaced by Lightship No. 20 in 1955. Canadian Light Vessel No. 1 (1956 Lauzon) is stationed at SAMBRO Shoal outside Halifax Harbor, Nova Scotia. Canadian Light Vessel No. 4 (1959 Kingston) has been stationed at PRINCE SHOALS or nearby, replacing the No. 20, as of 1960.

Notes (Continued from page 118) Arthur past the "Sleeping Giant" land formation, and early afternoon finds her skirting the north shore of Isle Royale just before cross­ ing Lake Superior. By evening NORTH AMERICAN enters the Portage Lake Ship Canal bisecting the Keweenaw Peninsula, for a two-hour cruise before reaching the open lake again. The canal was built in the 1870s both as a sheltered passage in stormy weather and to make copper-shipping deepwater ports of Houghton and Hancock, Michigan.

Thursday brings NORTH AMERICAN back to the Soo for a morning stop and on to Mackinac Island for an evening visit. Best known for its car-free ways, the island preserves the quiet turn-of-the-century character of a summer resort, together with its older forts, its relics of fur-trading days, and natural scenery. An evening call is more appropriate for sitting on the great porch of the Grand Hotel, but Sunday will bring a mid-day visit favoring more active sight­ seeing. NORTH AMERICAN reaches the Lake Michigan port of Sturgeon Bay, Wis., through its back door on Friday, cruising Green Bay and the Sturgeon Bay Ship Canal to get there. Early July is time for the cherry picking in the Green Bay region.

Still another canal lock remains at the mouth of the Chicago River- before NORTH AMERICAN can tie up for the day at Chicago on Saturday. This lock separates the waters of Lake Michigan from those of the river, whose course has been reversed to empty towards the Missis- sippi system. A full day is free at Chicago. Sunday at Mackinac Island again and Monday at Detroit conclude the voyage, unless you joined us in Chicago, in which case the pleasure still lies ahead. -12 6 - Telescope aiLQOMa II

By William M. Worden

After forty years of service, a fresh water ship may well have many useful years ahead of her. The little passenger steamer ALGOMAH II is no exception. When built, she was not intended for passenger service; but in intervening forty years she has served in two very different passenger operations. This spring brings news of another turn in her career.

ALGOMAH II was built in East Boothbay, Maine, as an ocean-going beam trawler, one of four built for a Boston fisheries concern. Her builders, the Rice Brothers Corporation, launched her career in 1922. For some reason, ALGOMAH II was not completed as a trawler; instead, the shipyard converted her to a small overnight passenger and freight steamer for the Benton Transit Company of Chicago. The engines of ALGOMAH II were built by the Marine Iron Works of Chicago, and her boilers by the 0. M. Dillon Boiler Works of Philadelphia. The fact that the boilers were built prior to the hull— in 1920— would indicate that they were not expressly built for ALGOMAH II, but were purchased as some sort of surplus. The completed steamer was brought to the Great Lakes and given the name, BAINBRIDGE.

Benton Transit Company placed BAINBRIDGE on the run from Chicago across the lake to Benton Harbor and St. Joseph, Michigan. Her major business was carrying fruit from western Michigan to Chicago markets. Her passenger quarters were limited, and few people were carried. Under Benton Transit, BAINBRIDGE's colors were a green hull with gold trim, a white superstructure, and a black stack. Shortly before 1930, BAINBRIDGE was sold to the well-known Goodrich Transit Company of Chicago, and she was given a black hull and the familiar "Cunard" red stack with a black smoke band. During this first period in her life, BAINBRIDGE had an overhang at the main deck and a promenade deck cabin that went all the way aft (see plan on page 128). Off this cabin were fifteen staterooms for thirty passengers. Clerestory windows lit the cabin. The forward portion of the cabin contained the dining area, in the traditional location for an upper lakes passenger ship, and had galley and crew quarters adjacent. Passengers boarded BAINBRIDGE at the after gangway, and entered a social hall with stairs leading to the promenade deck. Forward of the boiler space, the main deck area and hold were devoted to freight. BAINBRIDGE carried the usual Goodrich chime whistle.

In 1936 BAINBRIDGE was sold to Island Transportation Company of Mackinac Island, Michigan, the Goodrich Line having become a victim of the depression (at present, excepting barge conversions, she seems to be the only passenger ship to survive from this fleet). Sturgeon Bay Shipbuilding Co. extensively rebuilt her to fit her new service— ferrying freight and passengers from Mackinaw City to the Island. In effect, she was given a new hull; the new construe- Telescope -12 7 -

A1 Bradley photographed ALGOMAH II from Westcott's mail boat below Detroit's Ambassador Bridge May 13 as she was bound for , flying our Institute flag and towed by the tug IAWRENCE TURNER.

tion enveloped the old hull, and was carried up to the guards, thus eliminating the overhang. The transformation gave the vessel side tanks almost the length of the hull, resulting in greater stability which was particularly important to her new owners, as the Coast Guard greatly increased her allowed passenger capacity as a result. At the same time, all of the staterooms on the promenade deck were removed, and the after part of the cabin was torn out to a point slightly forward of the stack. Four rooms were left in the now- smaller cabin, to be used as rest rooms, a purser's office, and one room fear crew. Passengers now boarded the ship at the forward gang­ way, and used a new grand stairway there to reach the cabin above. BAINBRIDGE also got a new whistle, not nearly so pleasant as one imagines the Goodrich chime to have been. The Island Transportation Company also gave BAINBRIDGE a new name— ALGOMAH II— to honor the ferry ALGOMAH of 1881 that had served at Mackinac for many years. -12 8 - Telescope Telescope -12 9 -

Above: BAINBRIDGE in 1929. — Ross & Wiley photo, Dowling coll.

Opposite page: Outboard profile and two deck plans of BAINBRIDGE (above) as built by Rice Brothers, compared with the proposed new promenade deck plan (below) for the charter yacht services. (Note: We will publish a midship section of BAINBRIDGE in our July issue.)

Below: As a trawler, ALGOMAH would have resembled sister trawlers LOUIS M. WINSLOW and ALDEN A. MILLS. — Photo by Baxter M. Rice

> \ - 1 3 0 - Teiescope

In 1946 ALGOMAH II was sold to the Arnold Transit Company of Mackinac Island, who kept her in her ferry service. But as years went by, her season was shortened until in recent years she ran mostly in July and August. Arnold Line said that these were the only months in which the tourist trade was sufficient to make the operation of the steamer feasible. Then in the spring of 1961, the Arnold Line announced the purchase of a new sixty-foot diesel boat to be named ALGOMAH, and said that they would not operate the steamer in the future. So ALGOMAH II lay at her winter berth in the Cheboygan River waiting for a new owner. Many rumors about her future circulated in the summer of 1961, among them a report that a captain from St. Joseph, Michigan, wanted to buy ALGOMAH II and restore her to her original run. But nothing came of the idea.

In the first week of May, 1962, ALGOMAH II was purchased by Wasac Waterways Inc. of Cleveland, Ohio. President of Wasac is Mr. William R. Wingate, widely known for his longstanding interest in the operation of passenger steamers and in recent years Cleveland Regional Manager for the Georgian Bay Line. Mr. Wingate announced that ALGOMAH II would be used as a plush charter yacht out of ports between Erie, Pennsylvania, and Detroit, Michigan. ALGOMAH II will undergo the second major remodelling of her career before entering service about August 1st.

In mid-may the Great Lakes Towing Company's tug LAWRENCE TURNER brought ALGOMAH II down from Cheboygan to Cleveland in a thirty-six hour passage. Conversion work will be done at the G & W Welding Company in Cleveland. The purser's office, rest rooms and crew room will be removed from the promenade deck, and the after wall of the present cabin will be removed. The after end of the promenade deck will be enclosed back to a point about twenty feet from the stern. This new area, combined with the existing cabin, will pro­ vide a large and handsome room about ninety feet long. On the main deck the freight elevator will be removed, and a dance floor, band­ stand, food service center and rest rooms will be installed. Pic­ ture windows will be installed on the main deck forward and through­ out the promenade deck. ALGOMAH's appearance will be considerably altered, but great care is being exercised to insure the retention of her gracious lines.

ALGOMAH II's new service will bring to the Lake Erie cities a type of service unique on the lakes. ALGOMAH is large enough that most groups can be carried, but small enough that only one group at one time need be carried. This means that the trip can be arranged to suit the purpose and pleasure of the chartering organization.

ALGOMAH II's career has been varied, indeed! This summer she will enter service looking very different from the way she did in either her Lake Michigan days or her Mackinac days. She will run under her fifth owners in her third service. The news of her new career is welcomed by lakes enthusiasts, and we wish Wasac Waterways and ALGOMAH II a hearty Bon Voyage! Telescope -13 1 -

PICTURE PAGES: d L By Emory A * Massman, Jr.

Above J MERCURY a RENOWN b BEAUMONT PARKS (US 210175). Built : 1912 at Lorain by American S. B. Co. (#396). Measurements: 4154 gt, 2098 nt, 380 x 52 x 25. Engine: Triple-exp. 24"-38"-63" x 42", by builder. Boilers: 2 scotch, 151-4" x 12', by builder. Owners: (1) Standard Oil; (2) Cleveland Tankers. In service. Note: A model of this ship as RENOWN is in the Dossin Great Lakes Museum.

Below: EMORY L. FORD (US 214318). Built: 1916 at Lorain by Amer­ ican S. B. Co. (#715). Measurements: 8042 g t , 6282 n t , 587 x 60 x 32. Engine: Triple-exp. 24^"-41"-65" x 42", by builder. Boilers: 3 scotch, 13'-6" x 11'. Owner: Hanna Coal & Ore Corp. In service. - 1 3 2 - Telescope

PICTURE PAGES* ^ 2 By Rev* Edv,ard J * S. J.

L ' ii

Abovej NYACK (US 130125). Built: 1878 at Buffalo by Union Dry Dock Co., wooden hull. Measurements: 1257 g t , 1024 n t , 231 x 33 x 14.7. Burned at Muskegon, 12/30/15. Later used as a barge, finally becoming part of a dock at Big Summer Island on Green Bay. Bell photograph (in Lake Superior Transit Co.), courtesy Milton J. Brown.

BelOWi T. S. FAXTON (US 145020). Built: 1874 at Clayton, N. Y., by Simon Johnson, wooden hull. Measurements: 154 gt, 92 nt, 120 x 23^ x 8 . Burned at Marine City, Sept., 1901. Bottom of hull used in construction of steam barge EDWARD P. RECOR (US 136991), 1902. Photograph by courtesy of Steve Kelsch. Telescope

By John Miller

HATTIE HUTT was certainly a popular schooner with camera-carrying ship enthusiasts along the St. Clair and Detroit Rivers. I have seen more different views of her than of any other wind ship except J.T. WING, which came to the Lakes about the time HATTIE HUTT ended her days. Photographs of her range from 1 8 8 8 in Manitowoc to 1923 in the Detroit River when she made one of the last trips for a sailing ship down the river past Belle Isle without the help of a tug. HATTIE HUTT was built in 1873 at Saugatuck, Michigan, as F.B. STOCKBRIDGE, and when renamed HATTIE HUTT she continued in the Lake Michigan lumber trade. HATTIE HUTT was sold Canadian about 1910 and was sailed by Capt. Frank Granville for owners in Chatham, Ont. Mcs. Peltier, a daughter of Capt. Granville, told me she had a large picture of HATTIE HUTT given her by her father. Green's Directory of 1934 lists HATTIE HUTT as a barge owned by Capt. James Oliver of Kingston, Ontario. That is sixty-one years for a wooden hull! The photograph above was taken off Harsens Island in 1915 by our late Telescope editor, George Young. Every year, and for that matter every day, is the anniversary of some important event. The longer history is recorded the more this fact makes itself evident.

1962 is an important year to shipping, and a year that we cannot overlook. It is the Centennial year of The American Bureau of Ship­ ping. It will be marked at the Dossin Great Lakes Museum by the installation of a special exhibit. As important as the Bureau is to shipping, its purposes and the work it does is little known to the general public. We hope that by means of this exhibit many visitors will be made aware of the most interesting life story of the Bureau.

Originally conceived as the American Shipmaster's Association, the organization was incorporated on April 22, 1862. Beginning in the Clipper Ship Era of the country, the Bureau early experienced a decline in activity as the sailing ship gradually faded out as a factor in world trade. The start of World War One in Europe in 1914 provided a stimulus to the ship operating and shipbuilding indus­ tries, and the Bureau then grew accordingly. The Charter Membership comprised marine underwriters, merchants, shipowners, shipmasters, shipbuilders, and persons prominently identified with maritime commerce in the United States, as well as persons officially connected with Government, and those connected in civil life with ship construction and operation.

It was deemed advisable by those familiar with the commerce of the United States to encourage a higher degree of efficiency and character amongst the masters and officers of vessels. It seemed obviously desirable to encourage honest officers in the performance of their duties, and to exercise such available powers as would prevent the ignorant and dishonest minority from sacrificing lives and property through neglect of duty.

A proposal to institute a proper system of surveying, rating and registering of vessels was adopted in 1867. This published listing was known as the Record of American and Foreign Shipping and first appeared as a monthly pamphlet. It was published as a bound volume beginning in 1869.

In May, 1916, the Bureau took over the Great Lakes Register and expanded its operation to include Great Lakes vessels. Thus the now familiar "A-B" became part of the load line mark on the majority of the ships we see on the lakes today.

There is a world of interesting work behind this simple mark on the hull denoting "load-line." It is this activity which we will exhibit at the Museum from June 26th., through September. Telescope -13 5 -

Launch of HAMONIC at Collingwood in 1909 Photograph from Museum-Institute Collection THE BIG SPLASH By th© R©v. Edward J. Dowling, S. J. HAMONIC (Can. 122553) was a fast passenger and freight steamer, built by the Collingwood Shipbuilding Co. as Hull No. 22 for the Northern Navigation Co. Dimensions: 349.7 x 50 x 32; 5265 g t , 3295 n t . Quadruple-expansion engines of 24", 32", 52" and 80" dia­ meter of cylinders by 42" stroke drove the vessel at a top speed of 21 miles per hour. Many experts and steamship enthusiasts consider this vessel to have been one of the finest appearing ships on the Great Lakes. In 1913 HAMONIC passed into Canada Steamship Lines, but her colors and service (Windsor to Lake Superior) remained un­ changed. On July 17, 1945, this popular liner was gutted by fire at her Point Edward docks. Her hull was cut up for scrap at Hamil­ ton shortly afterward. Our illustration below, a James photo, shows HAMONIC at Owen Sound when she was new. -13 6 - Telescope GREAT LAKES MARINE NEWS

Correspondents: GEORGE AYOUB, Ottawa DAN M. WEBER, Toledo JAMES M. KIDD, Toronto PETER B. WORDEN, Sault Ste.Marie, Mich. EDWIN SPRENGELER, Milwaukee RICHARD J. WRIGHT, Akron

Calendar April 30 The first ship to qualify for full subsidy under Cana dian Maritime Ship Construction Assistance Regulations was launched at Davie's Shipyards in Lauzon, Que. The new MENIER CONSOL (hull #630) is of all-welded construction and is also the first ship to be built in Davie's covered slip. She will operate between Montreal and ports in the Gulf of St. Lawrence. May 1— La Verendrye Lines Ltd. of Montreal has been sold to Hall Corporation of Canada . The fleet's five canallers— KEYBAR, KEYPORT, KEYSTATE, KEYVIVE and KEYSHEY a CLEARWATER b TRENORA— are expected to be scrapped, but plans are still indefinite. Halco has also ordered another 730-foot laker to be built by Davie's, Lauzon, to be a virtual sister to C.S.L. s WHITEFISH BAY. May 2 — The first regularly-scheduled all—refridgerator express service between European and Great Lakes ports will be inaugurated later this month with arrival of Erikson Reefer Line s motorship JARSO, of Finnish flag. She will be joined by a sister ship, KALLSO. May 4 — Six lake freighters are now reported to have bow thrust propellers, helping them to manoeuver in confined harbors. These include Columbia's J. R. SENSIBAR and W. W. HOLLOWAY and Boland & Cornelius' FRED A. MANSKE, HARRIS N. SNYDER, DETROIT EDISON and J. F. SCHOELKOPF. May 7— A new service between the Lakes and the Far East will be opened by the "K" Line, Kawasaki Kisen Kaisha Ltd., with five modern cargo ships. Due in late July is KUNIKARA MARU, to be followed by GOHSHU MARU, KIMIKAWA MARU, KAMIKAWA MARU and SACHIKAWA MARU. May 10— lce jamming the gates in the Sault Locks stalled some 60 ships in ice fields of Whitefish Bay. Ice had to be locked down to permit downbound freighters to enter the locks. May 13— MAKEFJELL knocked Milwaukee's heavy duty crane No. 9 from its supports, idling the crane for 10 days. Meanwhile, Toledo's gantry crane, "Big Lucas", was attracting heavy cargoes all the way from Cleveland. Cleveland campaigned for a heavy-lift crane pro­ posed for the AQUARAMA dock cc nearby, the only location not seeming to interfere with flights from Cleveland's lakefront airport. May 14— Plans to build super-sized bulk carriers for the lakes have been held up by a disagreement between shipping firms and the U. S. Army Corps of Engineers, as to maximum dimensions of vessels transitting the proposed new 1000' x 100' lock at the Sault. The Corps of Engineers suggests that ships be limited to 840' l.o.a. by 90' beam, compared to 900' x 95' envisaged by the ship operators. Telescope -13 7 - Great Lakes News May 15— Collingwood shipyards launched their hull No. 176, a yet- unnamed tanker for Canadian Oil Companies Ltd. for lake and ocean service, to be delivered in August. The twin-screw diesel tanker carries 51,000 barrels capacity and has dimensions 335 x 46 x 21. May 16— Admiral Lyndon Spencer, retiring Lake Carriers Association President, will be honored by lake fleet representatives and marine editors as 1961 "Man of the Year" in a banquet at the Soo June 15th. May 17— Pioneer Steamship Co. shareholders will meet June 15th to vote upon a liquidation plan for the venerable lake shipping firm. They will also be asked to approve a sale of PIONEER CHALLENGER and CLARENCE B. RANDALL to Oglebay, Norton's Columbia Transportation Co. for a reported $6.2 million, and of ERNEST R. BREECH a CHARLES L. HUTCHINSON (iii) to Ford Motor Co. Others slated for disposition are J. J. SULLIVAN; FRANK BILLINGS a CHAMP IAIN; W. H. McGEAN a STA­ DACONA (i); and GENE C. HUTCHINSON a WILLIAM C. MORELAND b SIR TREVOR DAWSON C CHARLES L. HUTCHINSON (ii). PIONEER CHALLENGER reached the Lakes only last year after conversion at Baltimore from the tanker GULFOIL a_ NESHANIC, and is 730 feet long. CLARENCE B. RANDALL is a 595-foot Maritime Commission type laker built in 1943. — The 180-foot ferry CHARLEVOIX, christened at the Ile d'Orleans shipyard of Les Chantiers Maritimes de St. Laurent was the first steel ship to be built by the company in its fifty years' history. She will run year-around for Gulf Ports Steamship Co. (a Clarke SS subsidiary) from Tadoussac to Anseau-Portage on the Saguenay. May 22— The last of four Defoe-built guided missile destroyers, U. S. S. HOEL, passed Detroit downbound from Bay City to be deli­ vered at Boston Navy Yard. On May 19 the Christy Corp. launched the first of two 208-foot oceanographic research ships for the Navy, U. S. S. JAMES M. GILLISS, in their yard at Sturgeon Bay, Wisconsin. — Numerous docks and bridges were bumped by freighters in May. At the Soo, BALTIC SEA bit twelve feet into the Famous Lock Tour dock on May 11, no sightseeing boats being present. ESTHER CHAR­ LOTTE SCHULTE imprisoned ships in Chicago's Calumet Harbor when her tug lost her towing line and she hit a railroad bridge on May 15. The next day E. B. BARBER bent her foremast against Cleveland's Clark A v e . bridge over the Cuyahoga River. In Toledo BRAHEHOLM hit the Cherry Street bridge abutment, jamming the bridge in a raised position for four hours on May 21. Four days later SUNHILL plowed three feet into a Toledo dock when her engines failed to reverse. May 24— National Steel's THOMAS E. MILLSOP threw a piston in lower Lake Huron and was brought down to Detroit by Great Lakes Towing tugs MARYIAND and SUPERIOR to unload her ore cargo. Repairs will be made by American Shipbuilding Co. at Lorain. M a y 2 8 — LEECLIFFE HALL set a corn cargo record of 900,000 bushels when she sailed from Milwaukee May 27. The previous record was set only May 8 when SHENANGO II cleared Chicago with 689,000 bushels. — Canada's St. Lawrence Seaway authorities condemned 320 acres of land in the St. Catherines and Thorold region of the Welland Canal for future locks parallelling Locks 1, 2, 3 and 7. The Welland's Flight Locks (4, 5 and 6 ) are already in pairs, and "twinning" the remaining locks would greatly increase the Welland Canal capacity. — CHICAGO MARU arrived unheralded at Detroit to open lake service for Japan's O. S. K. Line and pick up automobiles bound for Japan. -13 8 - Telescope Great Lakes News May 31— Upper Lakes Shipping Ltd. filed a $1 million suit in N. Y. Federal Court May 28 against Seafarer's International Union, Marine Engineers Beneficial Association and International Longshoremen's Assoc., charging a conspiracy to damage its business and to force the firm to hire SIU crews instead of those now represented by the Canadian Maritime Union this season. In Milwaukee R. BRUCE ANGUS entered and cleared port without tugs and VICTORIOUS was kept from loading; in Toledo two of three boats picketing JAMES NORRIS were sunk in an encounter with a police boat May 19. The Canadian Labor Congress president complained to Prime Minister Diefenbaker about sniping at Upper Lakes ships and other incidents in U. S. ports. Ships Ore ship JOSEPH SELLWOOD loaded 6,000 tons of scrap iron at Cleveland, preparing to be towed to Italy to be scrapped, herself. Arrow Nav. Co. of Panama has sold its Liberian-flag CONTINENTAL CARRIER to Burnside Shipping Ltd. (British) who named it OTTERBURN. Canallers H. J. McMANUS a JUDGE KENEFICK and CARTIERDOC have eluded the torch at the last moment, reportedly becoming barges to carry chemical products from Sarnia instead. Old Pittsburgh freighters JAMES J. HILL and ISAAC L. ELLWOOD may be sunk off Cleveland's Gordon Park to form a breakwater. Memorial Day opened the Bob-Lo season, and COLUMBIA called at the attractive new dock at the Island, formed from the hull of canaller QUEENSTON a_ IACHINEDOC (now called BOBLODOC by river wits). Lightship HURON will leave her station for ten days' repairs on June 16 while a buoy takes her place. As she departs she will fly a flag bearing letters "PC" showing that she is not on her station. On The Mississippi The Mississippi River is much poorer for two events of late May. An auction at Cincinnati sold the last of the twin-stacked stern­ wheelers, 48-year-old excursion steamer AVALON, to become a museum at Louisville. Built 1914 at Pittsburgh, she began her career as a ferry between Memphis and West Memphis and later ran as a packet — a mail boat on a regular run. In recent years she ran as a "tramp" excursion boat along the Mississippi, Ohio, Missouri and other rivers. She is fortunate in being preserved as a museum. Fire destroyed the showboat GOLDENROD at St. Louis early June 1. In the twenties Edna Ferber had based her novel, "Showboat", upon the big craft (contrary to the movies, GOLDENROD was not self- propelled). The seventh showboat owned by the Menke family, GOL­ DENROD was acquired by them in 1922, and was taken all over the Mississippi system for performances; since 1937 she had been docked permanently at St. Louis.

Illustrations on Opposite Page: Excavation progresses upon the new replacement for the Poe Lock at the Soo, which may be named for Minnesota's Congressman Blatnik (top, photo by Peter B. Worden). Columbia Transportation Co. will "adopt" the Hutchinson freighters CLARENCE B. RANDALL (middle, Bugbee photo) and PIONEER CHALLENGER (bottom, photo by Father Vander Linden, Dowling collection). Telescope -13 9 - Great Lakes News Meeting Notices June Meeting: business meeting of the Board of Directors. General mem­ bership invited. Friday, June 29, at 8 p.m., at Dossin Great Lakes Museum.

July Meeting: Annual evening Bob-Lo Cruise upon the Six O'clock Boat, at Foot of Woodward, WEDNESDAY, July 26.

Telescope_____ Plans far our Joint Cruise to Bay City June 6 th with the Marine Historical Editor Society of Detroit were unfortunately Gordon P. Bugbee put out of joint when SOUTH AMERICAN Associate Editors couldn't rendez-vous with the seventy Otto Strek or so people waiting at the Foot of William A. Hoey Woodward. She grounded that noon in R obert E. Lee the St. Clair Flats on a shoal between the old and new channels. We are all Vassal List Editor grateful to member A1 Bradley, who The Rev. Edward J. D ow ling, S . J. not only made the ticket arrangements Photographic Editor Emory A. Massman, Jr. but had refunds to mail. Four tugs and a dredge freed SOUTH AMERICAN the next day without damage. We do not like to make history in this way by seeing Georgian Bay Line off to a bad The Great Lakes Maritime Institute, Inc., promotes interest in the Great Lakes of start for the new season. But this North America; preserves relics, records, is not SOUTH AMERICAN ! s habit-— she pictures and memorabilia related to these lakes; encourages the building of scale was last aground in 1.9 38 and so the models of Great Lakes ships; and furthers chances would be good for a Joint the program of the Dossin Great Lakes Museum, the repository of Institute hold­ Cruise next year with the Georgian ings. The issues of Telescope, monthly journal of the Institute, seek to stimu­ Bay Line up to Bay City. (For news late inquiry and discussion and to place of a fascinating NORTH AMERICAN cruise a record in public hands. Subscription to Telescope is included in membership introduced for July, see page 118.) rights in the Institute; single copies cost 35C each. Telescope welcomes an opportunity to consider manuscripts for ( Id \ c r I I 1 u '> t r n publication. These should be addressed Robert Hopkin painted this view of to "The Editors, Telescope, Great Lakes Maritime Institute, Dossin Great Lakes "Old Zach Chandler", now in the col­ Museum, Belle Isle, Detroit 7, Michigan. The editors cannot assume responsibility lection of Mr. Seberon C. Shields and for the statements made by authors. recently part of a Dossin Museum Other correspondence with the Institute should be addressed to the Coordinating exhibit (see p. 119). Built in 1867 Director at the above address, or may be at Detroit, ZACH CHANDLER was later made by telephone at LO 7-7441. The Great Lakes Maritime Institute was organ­ cut down as a tow barge and was ized in 1952 as the Great Lakes Model Shipbuilders' Guild. The Institute is stranded 20 miles from Whitefish Bay incorporated as an organization for no in Lake Superior in October, 1889. profit under the laws of the State of Michigan. No member receives any remun­ She was named for Zachariah Chandler eration for services rendered. Donations (1813-1879), U. S. Senator from Mich­ to the Institute have been ruled deduct­ ible by the Internal Revenue Service. igan (1857-75, 1878-79) and briefly Membership In the Institute, by the calen­ dar year, is available in these forms: Grant's Secretary of the Interior.

Regular Membership...... $ 4 annually Contributing Membership.... 5 annually Sustaining Membership...... 10 annually Life Membership...... $ 100 Printed The Institute is supported in part by R.H. by t h e Detroit Historical Society. Davison