DOCSLIB.ORG

Effects of Regional Origin and Genotype on Intraspecific Root Communication in the Desert Shrub Ambrosia Dumosa (Asteraceae)

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Effects of Regional Origin and Genotype on Intraspecific Root Communication in the Desert Shrub Ambrosia Dumosa (Asteraceae) University of Montana ScholarWorks at University of Montana Biological Sciences Faculty Publications Biological Sciences 1-1996 Effects of Regional Origin and Genotype on Intraspecific Root Communication in the Desert Shrub Ambrosia Dumosa (Asteraceae) Bruce E. Mahall Ragan M. Callaway University of Montana - Missoula, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.umt.edu/biosci_pubs Part of the Biology Commons Let us know how access to this document benefits ou.y Recommended Citation Mahall, Bruce E. and Callaway, Ragan M., "Effects of Regional Origin and Genotype on Intraspecific Root Communication in the Desert Shrub Ambrosia Dumosa (Asteraceae)" (1996). Biological Sciences Faculty Publications. 290. https://scholarworks.umt.edu/biosci_pubs/290 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Biological Sciences at ScholarWorks at University of Montana. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biological Sciences Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of ScholarWorks at University of Montana. For more information, please contact [email protected]. AmericanJournal of Botany 83(1): 93-98. 1996. EFFECTS OF REGIONAL ORIGIN AND GENOTYPE ON INTRASPECIFIC ROOT COMMUNICATION IN THE DESERT SHRUB AMBROSIA DUMOSA (ASTERACEAE)' BRUCE E. MAHALL2 AND RAGAN M. CALLAWAY Departmentof Ecology, Evolution and Marine Biology, Universityof California,Santa Barbara, California93106; and Division of Biological Sciences, Universityof Montana, Missoula, Montana 59812 Previous work has shown that the contact inhibitionthat occurs among roots of Ambrosia dumosa shrubs has a self/ nonselfrecognition capability. In the currentstudy, we investigatedsome of the geographicand genotypicdimensions of this recognitioncapability by using root observationchambers to observe the effectsof encountersof individualroots on root elongationrates. We measuredsuch effectsin encountersbetween roots of plants fromthe same region and compared these to effectsin encountersbetween roots of plants fromtwo differentregions. We also measured effectsof encounters betweenroots of plants fromthe same clones and compared these to effectsof encountersof roots of plants fromdifferent clones. Roots of plants fromthe same region (population) showed the usual "nonself" precipitousdecline in elongation rates followingcontact, but when roots of plants fromdifferent regions contactedeach other,elongation rates continued unchanged.When rootsof separateplants from the same clone contactedeach other,the same "nonself" precipitousdecline in elongationrates as seen in encountersbetween roots of plants of differentclones fromthe same region occurred.Mean- while, in these same experiments"self" contactsbetween sisterroots connectedto the same plantsresulted in no changes in elongationrates. Thus, differencesbetween individuals from two geographicallyseparate populations of Ambrosiadumosa may be sufficientto thwartthe "nonself," population-levelrecognition of similarityapparently necessary for contactinhi- bition.Furthermore, the "self" recognitionmechanism, which precludes contactinhibition between two roots on the same plant,appears to be physiologicalrather than genetic in nature. Key words: Ambrosia;communication; community structure; desert shrubs; interplant signalling; root contact inhibition; root interactions;self-nonself recognition. Belowgroundcompetition for limiting resources is de- not inhibiteach otherfollowing contact, nor were Larrea pendentupon spatial proximityof primaryroots on the tridentataCov. (Zygophyllaceae) roots affectedby con- scale of the dimensionsof water and nutrientdepletion tact withAmbrosia roots. These resultssuggested the ex- zones around roots. Since these zones are usually less istence of an intraspecific,self/nonself recognizing com- thana few millimetresin diameter(Clarkson, 1985; Cald- municationsystem mediated by contact. Furtherwork well and Richards, 1986), the spatial proximityand, (Mahall and Callaway, 1992) supportedthe hypothesized therefore,the opportunityfor competitionamong two or contact requirementby showing that activated carbon more plants' root systemscould be stronglyaffected by mixed in the root medium had no effecton Ambrosia "communications" among individual roots that affect root communications.It was also observed thatthe non- root elongationrates. self recognitioncapability is not perfect,since in one out Such communicationsamong roots of the desertshrub of 17 Ambrosia test-targetpairs the testplant roots were Ambrosia dumosa Payne (Asteraceae) were discovered not inhibitedby contactwith the targetplant roots. (Mahall and Callaway, 1991) during an attemptto un- This observation suggested limits to the self/nonself derstandthe absence of competitiveinteractions among recognitionsystem might be displayed over ranges of clumpedAmbrosia shrubsgrowing in the Mojave Desert geographic or genotypicvariation. The purpose of the (Fonteyn and Mahall, 1978, 1981). Using chambers in work reportedhere was to explore the geographic and which it was possible to observe responses of individual genotypicdimensions of the self/nonselfrecognition ca- roots to each otherin the laboratory,Mahall and Calla- pabilityof Ambrosia dumosa roots by comparingthe ef- way (1991) found thatAmbrosia roots inhibitedelonga- fectsof encountersbetween roots of plantsfrom the same tion of roots on other Ambrosia plants only, and only region (population) with such effectsbetween roots of afteractual contact. Sister roots on the same plant did plants fromdifferent regions, and by comparingthe ef- fects of encountersbetween roots of plants of the same I genotypewith such effectsbetween roots of plants with Manuscriptreceived 17 January 1995; revision accepted 8 June this 1995. differentgenotypes, respectively. We have done by The authorsthank Allen Steward-Oatenfor his advice on statistics, measuringinteractions among rootsof plantsgrown from JohnBleck forhis kind and helpfulassistance in the UCSB Greenhouse seeds or cloned frommature plants collected fromtwo Facilities; the Universityof Nevada, Reno, for the use of theirgreen- desertsites 145 km apart,one near Desert Center,Cal- house facilities;Michael Christianson,Curtis Clark, and C. H. Muller ifornia,and the second near Yuma, Arizona. forhelpful suggestions and encouragement;Jochen Schenk, Jason Ham- ilton, and two reviewers for AJB for their helpful commentson the MATERIALS AND METHODS manuscript;and the UCSB Academic Senate and especially the Andrew W. Mellon Foundationfor the financialsupport of this research. Plant materials-Plants for the intra-and interregionalexperiments 2 Author for corresnondence. were grown fromseeds collected frominflorescences on plants during 93 This content downloaded from 150.131.192.151 on Wed, 30 Oct 2013 18:30:02 PM All use subject to JSTOR Terms and Conditions 94 AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BOTANY [Vol. 83 May 1991, froma site (33044' lat. and 115028' long.) near Eagle Moun- were estimatedin a single-classificationANOVA with unequal sample tain Road near Desert Center,California, and fromanother site - 10 km sizes (Sokal and Rohlf, 1981, p. 216). Root elongationmeans fortreat- northof Yuma along Route 95 (32050' lat. and 114022' long.). Since mentsand dates were estimatedusing the weightedaverages of theplant each collectionsite was relativelysmall (<200 m in diameter),a single means (rootelongation rates averaged per testplant X weightingfactor). population was presumablysampled in each region. In the laboratory The weightingfactors are WiIW,where Wi = 1/(Sp2 + [SR2/ni]),ni = these seeds were germinatedin wet sand in flatsbefore being trans- numberof roots measuredon plant i, and W = Wi. Standarderrors of planted into the root chambers. these estimatesof the means = 1/W. In addition,a repeated-measures For the intra-and intergenotypicexperiments whole, matureshrubs ANOVA, based on N = numberof test plants, with root elongation were collected fromthe same Desert Centerand Yuma sites duringJune rates averaged per test plant, was used to test for differencesamong 1992. The shoots of these plants were heavily prunedin the field,and treatmentsusing data fromall days presentedin the figures,including then theirmain roots were dug up. The plants were carried in large, those beforecontact. black, plastic bags back to the laboratory,where they were brokenapart by hand into pieces of main stemswith connected roots (see Jonesand RESULTS Lord, 1982) to produce clones of geneticallyidentical individuals from single plants. These clones were carefullylabeled and planted in fine, When roots of test plants grown fromseeds fromthe wet sand in pots. The cloned individualsthat survived to produce new Desert Center site contactedroots of targetplants of the into the root chambers. shoots,leaves, and roots were transplanted same origin, the usual (Mahall and Callaway, 1991, 1992), precipitousdeclines in elongationrates occurred Root chamber experiments-As in our previousstudies (Mahall and following contact (Fig. 1). Meanwhile, roots of these were Callaway, 1991, 1992), plantsfor the root interactionexperiments same test plants that did not contact targetplant roots in flat,rectangular chambers (20.5 X 12.5 x 2 cm, inside di- grown rates. However, when mensions), constructedof opaque polyvinyl chloride plastic (PVC), continuedto elongate at unabated filledwith finesand ("Lapis Lustre," sieve size #60 [graindiameter = rootsof Desert Centertest plants contacted roots of Yuma 0.2-0.7 mm], RMC Lonestar,Pleasanton, CA) and orientedat a 450 targetplants
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Appendix F3 Rare Plant Survey Report
    Appendix F3 Rare Plant Survey Report Draft CADIZ VALLEY WATER CONSERVATION, RECOVERY, AND STORAGE PROJECT Rare Plant Survey Report Prepared for May 2011 Santa Margarita Water District Draft CADIZ VALLEY WATER CONSERVATION, RECOVERY, AND STORAGE PROJECT Rare Plant Survey Report Prepared for May 2011 Santa Margarita Water District 626 Wilshire Boulevard Suite 1100 Los Angeles, CA 90017 213.599.4300 www.esassoc.com Oakland Olympia Petaluma Portland Sacramento San Diego San Francisco Seattle Tampa Woodland Hills D210324 TABLE OF CONTENTS Cadiz Valley Water Conservation, Recovery, and Storage Project: Rare Plant Survey Report Page Summary ............................................................................................................................... 1 Introduction ..........................................................................................................................2 Objective .......................................................................................................................... 2 Project Location and Description .....................................................................................2 Setting ................................................................................................................................... 5 Climate ............................................................................................................................. 5 Topography and Soils ......................................................................................................5
    [Show full text]
  • Plant and Rodent Communities of Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument
    Plant and rodent communities of Organ Pipe Cactus National Monument Item Type text; Thesis-Reproduction (electronic) Authors Warren, Peter Lynd Publisher The University of Arizona. Rights Copyright © is held by the author. Digital access to this material is made possible by the University Libraries, University of Arizona. Further transmission, reproduction or presentation (such as public display or performance) of protected items is prohibited except with permission of the author. Download date 29/09/2021 16:51:51 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/566520 PLANT AND RODENT COMMUNITIES OF ORGAN PIPE CACTUS NATIONAL.MONUMENT by Peter Lynd Warren A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the DEPARTMENT OF ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTIONARY BIOLOGY In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements For the Degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE In the Graduate College THE UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 1 9 7 9 STATEMENT BY AUTHOR This thesis has been submitted in partial fulfillment of re­ quirements for an advanced degree at The University of Arizona and is deposited in the University Library to be made available to borrowers under rules of the Library. Brief quotations from this thesis are allowable without special permission, provided that accurate acknowledgment of source is made. Requests for permission for extended quotation from or reproduction of this manuscript in whole or in part may be granted by the head of the major department or the Dean of the Graduate College when in his judg­ ment the proposed use of the material is in the interests of scholar­ ship. In all other instances, however, permission must be obtained from the author.
    [Show full text]
  • Ecological Site R030XD040CA Hyperthermic Steep North Slopes
    Natural Resources Conservation Service Ecological site R030XD040CA Hyperthermic Steep North Slopes Accessed: 09/27/2021 General information Provisional. A provisional ecological site description has undergone quality control and quality assurance review. It contains a working state and transition model and enough information to identify the ecological site. Figure 1. Mapped extent Areas shown in blue indicate the maximum mapped extent of this ecological site. Other ecological sites likely occur within the highlighted areas. It is also possible for this ecological site to occur outside of highlighted areas if detailed soil survey has not been completed or recently updated. MLRA notes Major Land Resource Area (MLRA): 030X–Mojave Desert MLRA Description: Major Land Resource Area (MLRA) 30, Mojave Desert, is found in southern California, southern Nevada, the extreme southwest corner of Utah and northwestern Arizona within the Basin and Range Province of the Intermontane Plateaus. The climate of the area is hot (primarily hyperthermic and thermic; however at higher elevations, generally above 5000 feet, mesic, cryic and frigid) and dry (aridic). Elevations range from below sea level to over 12,000 feet in the higher mountain areas found within the MLRA. Due to the extreme elevational range found within this MLRA, Land Resource Units (LRUs) were designated to group the MLRA into similar land units. LRU Description: This Land Resource Unit (designated by ‘XD’) is found on the eastern side of California. Elevations range from 400 to 2200 feet on average, but may be found up to 3600 feet on southern exposures. Precipitation ranges from 1 to 6 inches per year, but averages between 2-4 inches.
    [Show full text]
  • Biogenic Volatile Organic Compound Emissions from Desert Vegetation of the Southwestern US
    ARTICLE IN PRESS Atmospheric Environment 40 (2006) 1645–1660 www.elsevier.com/locate/atmosenv Biogenic volatile organic compound emissions from desert vegetation of the southwestern US Chris Gerona,Ã, Alex Guentherb, Jim Greenbergb, Thomas Karlb, Rei Rasmussenc aUnited States Environmental Protection Agency, National Risk Management Research Laboratory, Research Triangle Park, NC 27711, USA bNational Center for Atmospheric Research, Boulder, CO 80303, USA cOregon Graduate Institute, Portland, OR 97291, USA Received 27 July 2005; received in revised form 25 October 2005; accepted 25 October 2005 Abstract Thirteen common plant species in the Mojave and Sonoran Desert regions of the western US were tested for emissions of biogenic non-methane volatile organic compounds (BVOCs). Only two of the species examined emitted isoprene at rates of 10 mgCgÀ1 hÀ1or greater. These species accounted for o10% of the estimated vegetative biomass in these arid regions of low biomass density, indicating that these ecosystems are not likely a strong source of isoprene. However, isoprene emissions from these species continued to increase at much higher leaf temperatures than is observed from species in other ecosystems. Five species, including members of the Ambrosia genus, emitted monoterpenes at rates exceeding 2 mgCgÀ1 hÀ1. Emissions of oxygenated compounds, such as methanol, ethanol, acetone/propanal, and hexanol, from cut branches of several species exceeded 10 mgCgÀ1 hÀ1, warranting further investigation in these ecosystems. Model extrapolation of isoprene emission measurements verifies recently published observations that desert vegetation is a small source of isoprene relative to forests. Annual and daily total model isoprene emission estimates from an eastern US mixed forest landscape were 10–30 times greater than isoprene emissions estimated from the Mojave site.
    [Show full text]
  • ASTERACEAE Christine Pang, Darla Chenin, and Amber M
    Comparative Seed Manual: ASTERACEAE Christine Pang, Darla Chenin, and Amber M. VanDerwarker (Completed, April 17, 2019) This seed manual consists of photos and relevant information on plant species housed in the Integrative Subsistence Laboratory at the Anthropology Department, University of California, Santa Barbara. The impetus for the creation of this manual was to enable UCSB graduate students to have access to comparative materials when making in-field identifications. Most of the plant species included in the manual come from New World locales with an emphasis on Eastern North America, California, Mexico, Central America, and the South American Andes. Published references consulted1: 1998. Moerman, Daniel E. Native American ethnobotany. Vol. 879. Portland, OR: Timber press. 2009. Moerman, Daniel E. Native American medicinal plants: an ethnobotanical dictionary. OR: Timber Press. 2010. Moerman, Daniel E. Native American food plants: an ethnobotanical dictionary. OR: Timber Press. Species included herein: Achillea lanulosa Achillea millefolium Ambrosia chamissonis Ambrosia deltoidea Ambrosia dumosa Ambrosia eriocentra Ambrosia salsola Artemisia californica Artemisia douglasiana Baccharis pilularis Baccharis spp. Bidens aurea Coreopsis lanceolata Helianthus annuus 1 Disclaimer: Information on relevant edible and medicinal uses comes from a variety of sources, both published and internet-based; this manual does NOT recommend using any plants as food or medicine without first consulting a medical professional. Achillea lanulosa Family: Asteraceae Common Names: Yarrow, California Native Yarrow, Common Yarrow, Western Yarrow, Mifoil Habitat and Growth Habit: This plant is distributed throughout the Northern Hemisphere. It is native in temperate areas of North America. There are both native and introduced species in areas creating hybrids. Human Uses: This plant has a positive fragrance making it desired in gardens.
    [Show full text]
  • List of Approved Plants
    APPENDIX "X" – PLANT LISTS Appendix "X" Contains Three (3) Plant Lists: X.1. List of Approved Indigenous Plants Allowed in any Landscape Zone. X.2. List of Approved Non-Indigenous Plants Allowed ONLY in the Private Zone or Semi-Private Zone. X.3. List of Prohibited Plants Prohibited for any location on a residential Lot. X.1. LIST OF APPROVED INDIGENOUS PLANTS. Approved Indigenous Plants may be used in any of the Landscape Zones on a residential lot. ONLY approved indigenous plants may be used in the Native Zone and the Revegetation Zone for those landscape areas located beyond the perimeter footprint of the home and site walls. The density, ratios, and mix of any added indigenous plant material should approximate those found in the general area of the native undisturbed desert. Refer to Section 8.4 and 8.5 of the Design Guidelines for an explanation and illustration of the Native Zone and the Revegetation Zone. For clarity, Approved Indigenous Plants are considered those plant species that are specifically indigenous and native to Desert Mountain. While there may be several other plants that are native to the upper Sonoran Desert, this list is specific to indigenous and native plants within Desert Mountain. X.1.1. Indigenous Trees: COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME Blue Palo Verde Parkinsonia florida Crucifixion Thorn Canotia holacantha Desert Hackberry Celtis pallida Desert Willow / Desert Catalpa Chilopsis linearis Foothills Palo Verde Parkinsonia microphylla Net Leaf Hackberry Celtis reticulata One-Seed Juniper Juniperus monosperma Velvet Mesquite / Native Mesquite Prosopis velutina (juliflora) X.1.2. Indigenous Shrubs: COMMON NAME BOTANICAL NAME Anderson Thornbush Lycium andersonii Barberry Berberis haematocarpa Bear Grass Nolina microcarpa Brittle Bush Encelia farinosa Page X - 1 Approved - February 24, 2020 Appendix X Landscape Guidelines Bursage + Ambrosia deltoidea + Canyon Ragweed Ambrosia ambrosioides Catclaw Acacia / Wait-a-Minute Bush Acacia greggii / Senegalia greggii Catclaw Mimosa Mimosa aculeaticarpa var.
    [Show full text]
  • Experimental Manipulations of Fertile Islands and Nurse Plant Effects in the Mojave Desert, USA
    Western North American Naturalist Volume 61 Number 1 Article 4 1-29-2001 Experimental manipulations of fertile islands and nurse plant effects in the Mojave Desert, USA Lawrence R. Walker University of Nevada, Las Vegas Daniel B. Thompson University of Nevada, Las Vegas Fredrick H. Landau University of Nevada, Las Vegas Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan Recommended Citation Walker, Lawrence R.; Thompson, Daniel B.; and Landau, Fredrick H. (2001) "Experimental manipulations of fertile islands and nurse plant effects in the Mojave Desert, USA," Western North American Naturalist: Vol. 61 : No. 1 , Article 4. Available at: https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/wnan/vol61/iss1/4 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Western North American Naturalist Publications at BYU ScholarsArchive. It has been accepted for inclusion in Western North American Naturalist by an authorized editor of BYU ScholarsArchive. For more information, please contact [email protected], [email protected]. Western North American Naturalist 61(1), © 2001, pp. 25–35 EXPERIMENTAL MANIPULATIONS OF FERTILE ISLANDS AND NURSE PLANT EFFECTS IN THE MOJAVE DESERT, USA Lawrence R. Walker1, Daniel B. Thompson1, and Frederick H. Landau1 ABSTRACT.—In a mixed desert shrub community we removed and added shrub canopies to examine above- and belowground influences of 3 species of shrubs on islands of soil fertility and the survival of transplanted Ambrosia dumosa seedlings. Soils sampled under shrubs in the wet season had higher pH, water content, organic matter, and both total and mineralizable nitrogen than soils in adjacent open areas, confirming a widely established pattern in arid lands.
    [Show full text]
  • Sweet Vernal
    Wingscale Genus/species Atriplex canescens Family Chenopodiaceae Distribution Western US SW California northward to SE Washington SE Washington eastward to central North Dakota Central North Dakota southward to S Texas S Texas northwestward to SW California Comments This species, also known as Fourwing Saltbush, is a very common grayish-white shrub found throughout most of the Southwest and northward, occurring from 2000’ up to 8000’ on a variety of sites, often sandy, ranging from hot creosote bush desert up to ponderosa pine forest. It typically grows to be four feet tall, but may reach twice that height. The narrow simple leaves, which may be up to two inches in length, appear smoky because of the dense covering of tiny hairs on both sides. Blooming usually occurs during July and August. The female flowers, pollinated by wind from male flowers on separate plants, give rise to the seeds; the latter are enclosed in a fruit having four papery bracts (giving the species its common names) and about a half inch in size. This and other species of saltbush are useful as food for both wild animals and livestock. 1-800-438-0088 www.greerlabs.com 2 September 2004 Sheep/Red Sorrel Genus/species Rumex acetosella Family Polygonaceae Distribution Throughout US; naturalized from Eurasia Comments This small plant makes its appearance in early spring, and is seldom much more than a foot in height. Its small leaves (generally less than 2 inches long except for those at the base of the plant) typically have a pair of distinct lobes at the base.
    [Show full text]
  • Biological Resources Study for the Burrtec Waste and Recycling Services Yucca Valley Facility
    BIOLOGICAL RESOURCES STUDY FOR THE BURRTEC WASTE AND RECYCLING SERVICES YUCCA VALLEY FACILITY YUCCA VALLEY, SAN BERNARDINO COUNTY, CALIFORNIA Prepared By: Hernandez Environmental Services 29376 North Lake Drive Lake Elsinore, California 92530 (909) 772-9009 Prepared for: Burrtec Waste and Recycling Services Waste & Recycling Services 9890 Cherry Avenue Fontana, CA 92235 July 2015 Burrtec Waste and Recycling Services Yucca Valley Facility Biological Resources Study TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS............................................................................................................................i EXECUTIVE SUMMARY........................................................................................................................1 1.0 INTRODUCTION........................................................................................................................2 1.1 Project Location......................................................................................................................2 1.2 Project Description..................................................................................................................2 1.3 Purpose of Biological Resources Study......................................................................................2 2.0 METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................................3 2.1 Biological Resources Study Scope of Work............................................................................3
    [Show full text]
  • Reference Plant List
    APPENDIX J NATIVE & INVASIVE PLANT LIST The following tables capture the referenced plants, native and invasive species, found throughout this document. The Wildlife Action Plan Team elected to only use common names for plants to improve the readability, particular for the general reader. However, common names can create confusion for a variety of reasons. Common names can change from region-to-region; one common name can refer to more than one species; and common names have a way of changing over time. For example, there are two widespread species of greasewood in Nevada, and numerous species of sagebrush. In everyday conversation generic common names usually work well. But if you are considering management activities, landscape restoration or the habitat needs of a particular wildlife species, the need to differentiate between plant species and even subspecies suddenly takes on critical importance. This appendix provides the reader with a cross reference between the common plant names used in this document’s text, and the scientific names that link common names to the precise species to which writers referenced. With regards to invasive plants, all species listed under the Nevada Revised Statute 555 (NRS 555) as a “Noxious Weed” will be notated, within the larger table, as such. A noxious weed is a plant that has been designated by the state as a “species of plant which is, or is likely to be, detrimental or destructive and difficult to control or eradicate” (NRS 555.05). To assist the reader, we also included a separate table detailing the noxious weeds, category level (A, B, or C), and the typical habitats that these species invade.
    [Show full text]
  • Plant Propagation Protocol for ​Ambrosia Trifida ESRM
    Plant Propagation Protocol for Ambrosia trifida ​ ESRM 412 - Native Plant Production Spring 2020 Figure 1 Photo by Louis-M. Landry from CalPhotos. Web. 27 May 2020. North American Distribution Washington Distribution TAXONOMY Plant Family Scientific Name Asteraceae ⁄ Compositae1 ​ Common Name Aster family1 ​ Species Scientific Name Scientific Name Ambrosia trifida L. (author is L.)1 ​ ​ Varieties Ambrosia trifida var. Trifida Ambrosia trifida var. Texana (Scheele) (Does ​ not grown in WA)12 ​ Ambrosia trifida var. integrifolia (Muhl. ex ​ Willd.) Torr. & A. Gray Ambrosia trifida var. aptera (DC.) Kuntze2 ​ ​ Sub-species No information found. Cultivar No information found. Common Synonym(s) Ambrosia aptera DC.2 ​ ​ Common Names Ragweed in Cherokee: ᎤᏆᏍᏓᎷᏱᏓ/ugwasdaluhyda/ụgwạsdaluhyda 14 canhlōģaŋ paŋśpaŋjela which means “bulky weed” and another Lakota phrase used to describe this plant is yamnūumnuģa iyécéca which means “it is like making a noise by crunching your teeth”. They say this because this plant’s seeds are very hard.8 ​ great ragweed, giant ragweed, horseweed1, 2 ​ bursage, Texan great ragweed, tall ragweed, blood ragweed, perennial ragweed2 ​ Bitterweed, Bloodweed, Buffalo Weed, Horse Cane, crown-weed3 ​ Species Code (as per USDA Plants database) AMTR1 ​ GENERAL INFORMATION Geographical range Located in two counties in Eastern WA. Also prominent in Eastern N. America - Quebec to Florida, west to Manitoba, Colorado and Mexico.3 ​ Ecological distribution Suitable for: light (sandy), medium (loamy) and heavy (clay) soils. Suitable pH: acid, neutral and basic (alkaline) soils. It can grow in semi-shade (light woodland) or no shade. It prefers moist soil.3 ​ It can be found in disturbed areas of moist to mesic black soil prairies, especially along the margins near woodlands or fields.
    [Show full text]
  • PEST RISK ANALYSIS for Platynota Stultana Walsingham, 1884
    REINO DE ESPAÑA MINISTERIO DE AGRICULTURA, ALIMENTACION Y MEDIO AMBIENTE Dirección General de Sanidad de la Producción Agraria Subdirección General de Sanidad e Higiene Vegetal y Forestal PEST RISK ANALYSIS FOR Platynota stultana Walsingham, 1884 Source: University of California May 2016 Express Pest Risk Analysis for Platynota stultana May 2016 Express Pest Risk Analysis for Platynota stultana Walsingham, 1884 This PRA follows the EPPO Standard PM 5/5(1) Decision support Scheme for an Express Pest Risk Analysis Summary of the Express Pest Risk Analysis for: “Platynota stultana” PRA area: The European Union Describe the endangered area: The pest has the potential for establishment in greenhouses and other protected conditions in all the PRA area, but with low likelihood as far as current phytosanitary management measures against other Lepidoptera are applied. Outdoors likelihood of establishment is higher in the Mediterranean basin and Portugal. Main conclusions Overall assessment of risk: Likelihood of: Rating of risk Uncertainty Comments Consignments originating outside the European Union in countries where P.stultana occurs (México or the USA) High – For Plants for planting (cuttings, life plants and floriculture products, plants for planting not yet planted) with or without soil attached in consignments originating outside the European Union in countries where P.stultana occurs (México or the USA) Worst case: [Dianthus caryophyllus L. (carnation)] High – For fresh fruits of Grapes (the pest can be carried not only internally in fruit
    [Show full text]