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bay area transportation and land use COALITION The Bay Area Transportation and Land Use Coalition is a groundbreaking partnership of more than 80 groups working to maintain our region’s renowned high quality of life, achieve greater social equity, and protect our natural environment. Coalition members believe that current development patterns do not have to be our destiny. Instead, the region can refocus public investment to serve and revitalize existing developed areas; design livable communities where residents of all ages can walk, bike, or take public transit; reform transportation pricing; and redress the burdens and benefits of transportation investments. The Coalition holds regular regional meetings and also has local chapters in the East Bay, South Bay/Peninsula, and San Francisco. For more information, see the Coalition website or contact the Coalition's main office. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ Additional copies of World Class Transit for the Bay Area are available: • On the Coalition’s web-site at www.transcoalition.org • By sending a $15 check payable to “Transportation & Land Use Coalition/ GA” to the main office address listed below. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ Project Manager: Stuart Cohen Cover design by Seth Schneider Copyright © 2000 Bay Area Transportation and Land Use Coalition All rights reserved. ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ ♦ 405 14th Street, Suite 605 Oakland, CA 94612 510-740-3150 fax 510-740-3131 [email protected] www.transcoalition.org The Bay Area Transportation and Land Use Coalition gratefully acknowledges funding from: Columbia Foundation, East Bay Community Foundation, Gerbode Foundation, San Francisco Foundation, and the Surdna Foundation. Table of Contents Executive Summary......................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 1 Thirsting for a Vision ................................................................................ 3 Chapter 2 Existing Transit in the Bay Area............................................................. 11 Chapter 3 Creating A Regional Express Bus Web .................................................. 17 Chapter 4 County Proposals .................................................................................... 26 Alameda County ................................................................................................ 27 Contra Costa County.......................................................................................... 34 Marin And Sonoma Counties............................................................................. 38 Napa County...................................................................................................... 42 San Francisco County......................................................................................... 43 San Mateo County ............................................................................................. 46 Santa Clara County ............................................................................................ 51 Solano County ................................................................................................... 57 Chapter 5 Regional Projects .................................................................................... 59 Welfare To Work/Lifeline Transit........................................................................ 59 Bicycle And Pedestrian Improvements............................................................... 63 More Ferries On The Bay?.................................................................................. 63 BART—Focusing On Upgrades........................................................................... 66 “Optimize-A-Lane”: Converting Mixed-Flow To Bus/Carpool Lanes .................. 67 Amtrak/Capitol Corridor Service ........................................................................ 69 Chapter 6 Creating Communities That Promote Transportation Choices........... 70 Chapter 7 Innovative Pricing Strategies to Support Transit ................................ 80 Chapter 8 The Role of Technological Innovations in Bay Area Transit ................ 88 Chapter 9 Developing Seamless Connections at Key Transit Centers ................. 94 Chapter 10 The Bottom Line Benefits of Transit ................................................... 102 Chapter 11 How To Fund the Vision........................................................................ 109 Appendix A Costs of County and Regional Proposals............................................ 115 . Acknowledgments The production of World Class Transit for the Bay Area is the work of dozens of Bay Area Transportation and Land Use Coalition members and transportation professionals. The project was conceived, managed, and edited by Stuart Cohen, Executive Director of the Transportation Choices Forum and Chair of the Coalition. John Holtzclaw, Chair of the Sierra Club’s National Transportation Committee, helped the report through its initial phases, provided valuable insights, and contributed his groundbreaking research into the relationship between land use and transportation. The report may never have come to fruition without the work of Seth Schneider, who researched and wrote Chapter 3, helped edit the report, did all of the formatting and graphic work, and helped manage the vast amount of input and suggestions from members of the Coalition. Jeff Hobson wrote Chapter 10, and played a key role in the final synthesis of the report. Marcia Delyria designed the report’s web version. Steve Price, of Urban Advantage, contributed photo illustrations demonstrating the benefits of compact, higher-density development. A large share of research and writing for the chapters listed below was done by graduate students at the UC Davis Institute of Transportation Studies. It was conducted as part of a seminar taught by Stuart Cohen and John Holtzclaw during Spring 1999. The work of these students provided a truly comprehensive perspective on transportation issues. Neil Hrushowy, Chapter 1 David Dick and Lorien Redmond, Chapter 2 Matthew Sumpter and Sean Co, Chapter 6 Jaimee Hicks, Chapter 7 Charles Rivasplata and Lorien Redmond, Chapter 8 Matthew Korve and Joshua Cunningham, Chapter 9 Patricia Hendren, Chapter 11 The following individuals contributed valuable comments and input to this report: Ray Antonio Sherman Lewis Josh Apte Richard Mlynarik Luis Arteaga Tom Mooers Mark Brucker Roy Nakadegawa James Corless Margaret Okuzumi Matt Donham Aaron Priven Victoria Eisen Joyce Roy Miriam Hawley David Schonbrunn Henry Hilken Doug Shoemaker Michael Kiesling Stephan von Pohl Meg Krehbiel Stephen Wheeler Joseph LaClair Cameron Yee These transportation professionals provided valuable information for Chapter 3: David Fialkoff, Miami-Dade Transit Agency Helen Gault, Ottawa-Carleton Regional Transit Commission Bob Grove, Port Authority of Allegheny County (Pittsburgh, PA) Jerry Quelch, Port Authority of New York and New Jersey Thomas Rubin Photo Credits cover page images and pages 6, 76, courtesy of Association of Bay Area Governments pages 4, 5, 72 Steve Price, Urban Advantage page 7, Altamont Commuter Express website page 15, Sonia Taylor pages 18, 74, Seth Schneider page 24, Port Authority of Allegheny County page 25, Miami-Dade Transit Agency map on page 39 from Sonoma/Marin Multi-Modal Transportation and Land Use Study pages 91, 92, courtesy of Bart Nadeau, Western Railway Museum page 96, Matthew Korve Executive Summary The Bay Area stands at the threshold of a new era of massive transportation investments. Counties throughout the area are now creating transportation sales tax proposals that could be worth over $10 billion, and billions more dollars may come from state legislation and other sources in the near future. Despite the significant amount of funding these developments represent, the current crisis of traffic congestion, pollution and suburban sprawl will only worsen if the region does not commit to a new vision for transportation investment. This proposal, entitled World Class Transit for the Bay Area, offers such a vision by introducing a bold new approach to fixing our transportation system. Instead of focusing on extraordinarily expensive projects like highway-widenings, BART extensions and large-scale ferry service, this proposal would vastly improve the use of our existing transportation infrastructure, including nearly 18,000 miles of roads and 600 miles of rail tracks. With cost-effective projects, this proposal would provide transit that is fast, convenient, affordable, and could be ready within just a few years. The Coalition’s key recommendations for creating a World Class Transit System include: 1. Restore and Expand Central Bay Area Transit. The Coalition advocates investment in frequent, faster transit service that runs 24 hours a day, seven days a week on key routes. This would provide transportation choices for communities which need them most, produce the highest ridership for any given amount of investment, and revitalize urban core areas. 2. Create a Regional Web of Express Buses. A cornerstone proposal would create an “express bus web” to blanket the region with state-of-the-art buses providing direct service for a vast number of suburban commuters. The Coalition proposes the creation of an integrated regional Transitway using the Bay Area’s existing 271 miles of carpool