DOCSLIB.ORG

The Substantive Representation of Ethnic Minorities in the UK Parliament

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
The Substantive Representation of Ethnic Minorities in the UK Parliament The Substantive Representation of Ethnic Minorities in the UK Parliament A thesis submitted to the University of Manchester for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy (PhD) in the Faculty of Humanities 2017 Rebecca McKee School of Social Sciences Chapter 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ....................... 101010 Why is this important? .................................................................................................................. 14 Why now? ...................................................................................................................................... 15 Descriptive and Substantive Representation ................................................................................. 17 Theories and measurements of substantive representation .......................................................... 23 Chapter 2. Theory and Literature ................................................................................................................................................................................... .................................................................................... ....... 373737 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 37 What type of representation? ....................................................................................................... 40 Descriptive and substantive representation .................................................................................. 41 Operationalising substantive representation ................................................................................. 47 Representation in specific contexts; Critical Events ....................................................................... 49 How instead of Who; from critical mass to critical actors ............................................................. 54 Representation as responsiveness ................................................................................................. 57 Motivation mechanisms behind substantive representation ......................................................... 61 Summary ....................................................................................................................................... 62 Chapter 3. Ethnic minority representation in Parliament: substantive representation during criticalcritic al events ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ..................................................................................... ........ 646464 Introduction ................................................................................................................................... 65 Critical events ................................................................................................................................ 66 Availability versus motivation to represent .................................................................................... 67 Surrogate representation versus electoral incentives .................................................................... 69 Which critical events? .................................................................................................................... 71 Methods ........................................................................................................................................ 80 Results ........................................................................................................................................... 84 Analysis of the Corpora .................................................................................................................. 93 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 101 Chapter 4. Who else speaks for ethnic minorities in Parliament? Critical Actors and how to find them ... 104104104 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 105 Critical Actors .............................................................................................................................. 107 Mechanisms for representation as critical actors ........................................................................ 110 Methods ...................................................................................................................................... 116 Results ......................................................................................................................................... 122 Different ways of representing ethnic minorities ......................................................................... 128 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 134 Chapter 5. Discrimination in the responsiveness of MembMembersers of Parliament to ethnic minority constituents: Evidence from an experimental study ............................................................................................................................................................................ ............ 137137137 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 138 Responsiveness–as-representation .............................................................................................. 142 Descriptive and substantive representation ................................................................................ 145 Electoral Incentives ...................................................................................................................... 146 Party differences .......................................................................................................................... 149 The experimental research method and ethical considerations .................................................. 150 Results ......................................................................................................................................... 159 Discussion .................................................................................................................................... 167 Chapter 6. What Underpins the Link Between Descriptive and Substantive Representation? An Empirical Test of the Theoretical Mechanisms ................................................................................................................................................................................... ....................... 172172172 Introduction ................................................................................................................................. 173 Theoretical mechanisms for substantive representation ............................................................. 177 Data and methods ....................................................................................................................... 190 Results and Discussion ................................................................................................................. 193 Conclusion ................................................................................................................................... 210 Chapter 7. Conclusions ................................................................................................................................................................................... ................................................................................................ ..................... 214214214 The research question and its origins .......................................................................................... 214 1 Findings and contribution to the field of political representation ................................................ 215 Contribution to the field of substantive representation ............................................................... 220 Limitations ................................................................................................................................... 224 Implications ................................................................................................................................. 226 Appendix A. Corpus Linguistics terms and Chapter 3 ................................................................... 234 Corpus Linguistic methods ........................................................................................................... 234 Appendix B. Chapter 4 ................................................................................................................. 242 Critical actors methods ................................................................................................................ 242 Appendix C. Chapter 5 ................................................................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Runmed March 2001 Bulletin
    No. 325 MARCH Bulletin 2001 RUNNYMEDE’S QUARTERLY Challenge and Change Since the release of our Commission’s report, The Future of Multi-Ethnic Britain, Runnymede has been living in interesting times. Substantial and ongoing media coverage – from the enlivening to the repellent – has fueled the debate.Though the press has focused on some issues at the expense of others, numerous events organised to broaden the discussion continue to explore the Report’s substantial content, and international interest has been awakened. At such a moment, it is a great external organisations wishing to on cultural diversity in the honour for me to be taking over the arrange events. workplace, Moving on up? Racial Michelynn Directorship of Runnymede.The 3. A National Conference to Equality and the Corporate Agenda, a Laflèche, Director of the challenges for the next three years mark the first anniversary of the Study of FTSE-100 Companies,in Runnymede Trust are a stimulus for me and our Report’s launch is being arranged for collaboration with Schneider~Ross. exceptional team, and I am facing the final quarter of 2001, in which This publication continues to be in them with enthusiasm and optimism. we will review the responses to the high demand and follow-up work to Runnymede’s work programme Report over its first year. A new that programme is now in already reflects the key issues and element will be introduced at this development for launching in 2001. recommendations raised in the stage – how to move the debate Another key programme for Future of Multi-Ethnic Britain Report, beyond the United Kingdom to the Runnymede is our coverage of for which a full dissemination level of the European Union.
    [Show full text]
  • Public Bills Before Parliament This Session
    Legislation – General Notes In the list of Bills which follows, the type of Bill is shown at the left-hand margin next to the title by the following codes: G Government Bills C Consolidation Bills B Private Members' Bills (Presentation bill under SO No 57 prioritised by the ballot procedure SO No 14 (6)). The number after refers to position in ballot P Private Members' Bills (Presentation bill under SO No 57) T Private Members' Bills (Presentation bill under the Ten Minute Rule, SO No 23) L Private Members' Bills starting in the House of Lords (Presentation bill under HL SO No 41 (3)) [HL] Bill starting in the House of Lords HYBRID Public Bill which affects private interests of particular persons or corporate bodies as distinct from the private interests of all persons or bodies Abbreviations: 1R First reading: date of presentation (formal, no debate) 2R Second reading (debate on the principle(s) of the Bill) MR Money resolution (normally taken after 2R only shown in the list if taken at another time) WM Ways and Means resolution GM Guillotine Motion SRC Second Reading Committee (2R taken in Committee: formal 2R in whole House next day unless otherwise stated) SGC/WGC Scottish or Welsh Grand Committee consideration of principles (equates with SRC) PBC Public Bill Committee in the House of Commons Comm Committee of the Whole House Comm** House of Lords Grand Committee, taken in a committee room JCCB Joint Committee on Consolidation Bills JC TLRB Joint Committee on Tax Law Re-write Bills (the date indicates the date on which the Bill was committed to the Joint Committee).
    [Show full text]
  • Ethnic Diversity in Politics and Public Life
    BRIEFING PAPER CBP 01156, 22 October 2020 By Elise Uberoi and Ethnic diversity in politics Rebecca Lees and public life Contents: 1. Ethnicity in the United Kingdom 2. Parliament 3. The Government and Cabinet 4. Other elected bodies in the UK 5. Public sector organisations www.parliament.uk/commons-library | intranet.parliament.uk/commons-library | [email protected] | @commonslibrary 2 Ethnic diversity in politics and public life Contents Summary 3 1. Ethnicity in the United Kingdom 6 1.1 Categorising ethnicity 6 1.2 The population of the United Kingdom 7 2. Parliament 8 2.1 The House of Commons 8 Since the 1980s 9 Ethnic minority women in the House of Commons 13 2.2 The House of Lords 14 2.3 International comparisons 16 3. The Government and Cabinet 17 4. Other elected bodies in the UK 19 4.1 Devolved legislatures 19 4.2 Local government and the Greater London Authority 19 5. Public sector organisations 21 5.1 Armed forces 21 5.2 Civil Service 23 5.3 National Health Service 24 5.4 Police 26 5.4 Justice 27 5.5 Prison officers 28 5.6 Teachers 29 5.7 Fire and Rescue Service 30 5.8 Social workers 31 5.9 Ministerial and public appointments 33 Annex 1: Standard ethnic classifications used in the UK 34 Cover page image copyright UK Youth Parliament 2015 by UK Parliament. Licensed under CC BY-NC 2.0 / image cropped 3 Commons Library Briefing, 22 October 2020 Summary This report focuses on the proportion of people from ethnic minority backgrounds in a range of public positions across the UK.
    [Show full text]
  • Climate Change Accountability
    CLIMATE CHANGE ACCOUNTABILITY YOUNG FABIANS ENVIRONMENT NETWORK COP26 REPORT Revealing How to Improve Transparency, Assign Responsibility & Implement Science-Backed Solutions to Solve the Climate Crisis Foreword by Matthew Pennycook MP Edited by Jack Parker, Cecilia Jastrzembska & Laura Cunliffe-Hall © 2020 Young Fabians Climate Change Accountability First published September 2020. Launched at Labour Connected 2020. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, distributed, or transmitted in any form or by any means, including photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods, without the prior writ- ten permission of the publisher or editor, except in the case of brief quotations embodied in critical reviews and certain other non-commercial uses permitted by copyright law, where the source of information is acknowledged as this publication. Please send a copy of the document in which this publication is used or quoted to the publisher and editor. For permission requests, write to the publisher or editor, addressed “Attention: Permissions Coordinator”. Like all publications of the Fabian Society, this report represents not the collective views of the Society, nor nec- essarily the views of the editors nor the writers of the forewords, but only the views of the individual writers. The responsibility of the Society is limited to approving its publications as worthy of consideration within the Labour movement. Typeset and Cover Design: Robin Wilde: https://robinwilde.me. The editors would like to thank Labour Party Graphic Designers for putting them in touch with Robin. The moral rights of the author have been asserted. British Library Cataloguing in Publication data. A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Li- brary.
    [Show full text]
  • View Future Day Orals PDF File 0.11 MB
    Published: Tuesday 23 March 2021 Questions for oral answer on a future day (Future Day Orals) Questions for oral answer on a future day as of Tuesday 23 March 2021. The order of these questions may be varied in the published call lists. [R] Indicates that a relevant interest has been declared. Questions for Answer on Wednesday 24 March Oral Questions to the Minister for Women and Equalities Margaret Ferrier (Rutherglen and Hamilton West): What assessment she has made of the ability of same-sex couples to access insemination services in the UK. (913999) Mrs Sheryll Murray (South East Cornwall): What assessment she has made of the effect of the covid-19 outbreak on female employment. (914000) Julie Marson (Hertford and Stortford): What steps the Government is taking to promote the role of women during the UK’s G7 Presidency. (914001) Simon Fell (Barrow and Furness): What steps she is taking to ensure that good practice on making streets safer for women is shared. (914002) Ian Levy (Blyth Valley): What steps she is taking to promote female participation in STEM. (914004) Paul Howell (Sedgefield): What steps she is taking to promote female participation in STEM. (914005) Debbie Abrahams (Oldham East and Saddleworth): What steps the Government is taking to help protect disabled people from the effects of the covid-19 outbreak. (914006) Peter Aldous (Waveney): What steps she is taking to promote female participation in STEM. (914007) John Lamont (Berwickshire, Roxburgh and Selkirk): What steps she is taking to ban conversion therapy. (914008) 2 Tuesday 23 March 2021 QUESTIONS FOR ORAL ANSWER ON A FUTURE DAY Michael Fabricant (Lichfield): What steps she is taking to ban conversion therapy; and if she will make a statement.
    [Show full text]
  • All Party Parliamentary Group on British Muslims
    All Party Parliamentary Group on British Muslims The inquiry into a working definition of Islamophobia Report on the inquiry into A working definition of Islamophobia / anti-Muslim hatred All Party Parliamentary Group on British Muslims Report on the inquiry into a working definition of Islamophobia / anti-Muslim hatred 3 The All Party Parliamentary Group on British Muslims was launched in 2017. The cross party group of parliamentarians is co-chaired by Anna Soubry MP and Wes Streeting MP. The Group was established to highlight the aspirations and challenges facing British Muslims; to celebrate the contributions of Muslim communities to Britain and to investigate prejudice, discrimination and hatred against Muslims in the UK. appgbritishmuslims.org facebook.com/APPGBritMuslims @APPGBritMuslims Report on the inquiry into A working definition of Islamophobia / anti-Muslim hatred All Party Parliamentary Group on British Muslims Contents Foreword by Dominic Grieve QC 6 Foreword by Anna Soubry and Wes Streeting 7 Executive Summary 9 Introduction 12 Chapter 1 Literature review 19 Chapter 2 - Arriving at a working definition 23 Chapter 3 - Our findings 27 An INDEX to Tackle Islamophobia 51 Chapter 4 - Community consultation findings 52 Conclusion 56 Acknowledgements 60 Appendix 1 - Written evidence 61 Appendix 2 - Oral evidence sessions 62 Appendix 3 - Community consultation participants 63 Appendix 4 - Islamophobia / Anti Muslim hatred questionnaire 64 Bibliography 66 5 Foreword s Chair of the Citizens UK Commission on Islam, Participation and Public Life, I travelled round the country hearing evidence as to the extent to which this desirable goal was taking place and as to the reasons why it was not happening Ain the way many Muslims and others wished.
    [Show full text]
  • SCO Appendix- Correspondence
    Your NHS partner for improving health and integrating care Consultation on a Strategic Commissioning Organisation for Staffordshire and Stoke-on-Trent Appendix: Correspondence Monday, 2 September 2019 midlandsandlancashirecsu.nhs.uk Table of Contents 1 Tamworth Council .................................................................................................................... 3 2 Healthwatch Stoke-on-Trent .................................................................................................... 4 3 North Staffordshire Combined Healthcare Trust ................................................................... 7 4 Reach (part of Assist) ............................................................................................................... 9 5 Stoke-on-Trent City Council .................................................................................................. 11 6 Adults and Neighbourhoods OS Committee, Stoke-on-Trent City Council ....................... 13 7 Paul Farrelly MP ...................................................................................................................... 15 8 Staffordshire Moorlands District Council ............................................................................. 16 9 Jeremy Lefroy MP ................................................................................................................... 17 10 University Hospitals North Midlands .................................................................................... 18 11 Staffordshire County
    [Show full text]
  • Fabian Society
    SOS POLITICAL SCIENCE & PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION M.A POLITICAL SCIENCE II SEM POLITICAL PHILOSOPHY: MODERN POLITICAL THOUGHT, THEORY & CONTEMPORARY IDEOLOGIES UNIT-III Topic Name-fabian socialism WHAT IS MEANT BY FABIAN SOCIALISM? • The Fabian Society is a British socialistorganisation whose purpose is to advance the principles of democratic socialism via gradualist and reformist effort in democracies, rather than by revolutionary overthrow WHO STARTED THE FABIAN SOCIETY? • Its nine founding members were Frank Podmore, Edward R. Pease, William Clarke, Hubert Bland, Percival Chubb, Frederick Keddell, H. H. Champion, Edith Nesbit, and Rosamund Dale Owen. WHO IS THE PROPOUNDER OF FABIAN SOCIALISM? • In the period between the two World Wars, the "Second Generation" Fabians, including the writers R. H. Tawney, G. D. H. Cole and Harold Laski, continued to be a major influence on socialistthought. But the general idea is that each man should have power according to his knowledge and capacity. WHAT IS THE FABIAN POLICY? • The Fabian strategy is a military strategy where pitched battles and frontal assaults are avoided in favor of wearing down an opponent through a war of attrition and indirection. While avoiding decisive battles, the side employing this strategy harasses its enemy through skirmishes to cause attrition, disrupt supply and affect morale. Employment of this strategy implies that the side adopting this strategy believes time is on its side, but it may also be adopted when no feasible alternative strategy can be devised. HISTORY • This
    [Show full text]
  • Migrants and Their Descendants: Social Inclusion and Participation in Society
    FRANET Migrants and their Descendants: Social Inclusion and Participation in Society United Kingdom, 2015 FRANET contractor: Human Rights Law Centre, University of Nottingham Author: Dr Staniewicz, T. Reviewed by: Professor Harris, D. DISCLAIMER: This document was commissioned under contract as background material for a comparative analysis by the European Union Agency for Fundamental Rights (FRA) for the project ‘Social Inclusion and Migrant Participation in Society’. The information and views contained in the document do not necessarily reflect the views or the official position of the FRA. The document is made publicly available for transparency and information purposes only and does not constitute legal advice or legal opinion. 1 Table of Contents Executive summary................................................................................................ 4 1.Legal and policy instruments for migrant integration ....................... 8 1.1.Description of existing instruments and target groups ................ 8 1.2.Drivers & barriers in developing, implementing and assessing legal and policy instruments ........................................................................... 18 1.2.1.Drivers ........................................................................................................................................... 19 1.2.2.Barriers .......................................................................................................................................... 27 1.2.3.Language learning and integration
    [Show full text]
  • Parliamentary Questions As Instruments of Substantive Representation: Visible Minorities in the UK House of Commons, 2005-2010
    Parliamentary Questions as Instruments of Substantive Representation: Visible Minorities in the UK House of Commons, 2005-2010 Thomas Saalfeld University of Bamberg Faculty of Social Sciences, Economics and Business Administration Feldkirchenstr. 21 96045 Bamberg Germany Email [email protected] Abstract: Little is known about the parliamentary behaviour of immigrant-origin legislators in European democracies. Much of the literature is normative, theoretical and speculative. Where it exists, empirical scholarship tends to be based on qualitative interviews, anecdotal evidence and generalisations based on very few cases. Whether the growing descriptive representation of minority-ethnic legislators has any implications for the quality of substantive representation, remains an open question. Parliamentary questions can be used as a valid and reliable indicator of substantive representation in democratic parliaments. This study is based on a new data set of over 16,000 parliamentary questions tabled by 50 British backbench Members of Parliament (MPs) in the 2005-2010 Parliament. It includes the 16 immigrant-origin MPs with a ‘visible- minority’ background. The most innovative feature of its research design is the use of a matching contrast group of non-minority MPs. Based on a series of multivariate models, it is found that all British MPs sampled for this study – irrespective of their ethnic status – respond to electoral incentives arising from the socio-demographic composition of their constituencies: Minority and non-minority MPs alike ask more questions relating to minority concerns, if they represent constituencies with a high share of non-White residents. Controlling for that general effect, however, MPs with a visible-minority status ask significantly more questions about ethnic diversity and equality issues.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Thesis
    This electronic thesis or dissertation has been downloaded from the King’s Research Portal at https://kclpure.kcl.ac.uk/portal/ ANGLO-SAUDI CULTURAL RELATIONS CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF BILATERAL TIES, 1950- 2010 Alhargan, Haya Saleh Awarding institution: King's College London The copyright of this thesis rests with the author and no quotation from it or information derived from it may be published without proper acknowledgement. END USER LICENCE AGREEMENT Unless another licence is stated on the immediately following page this work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International licence. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ You are free to copy, distribute and transmit the work Under the following conditions: Attribution: You must attribute the work in the manner specified by the author (but not in any way that suggests that they endorse you or your use of the work). Non Commercial: You may not use this work for commercial purposes. No Derivative Works - You may not alter, transform, or build upon this work. Any of these conditions can be waived if you receive permission from the author. Your fair dealings and other rights are in no way affected by the above. Take down policy If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact [email protected] providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Download date: 25. Sep. 2021 1 ANGLO-SAUDI CULTURAL RELATIONS: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF BILATERAL TIES, 1950-2010 by Haya Saleh AlHargan Thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Middle East and Mediterranean Studies Programme King’s College University of London 2015 2 ABSTRACT This study investigates Anglo-Saudi cultural relations from 1950 to 2010, with the aim of greater understanding the nature of those relations, analysing the factors affecting them and examining their role in enhancing cultural relations between the two countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Organised With: Fabian Summer Conference 2016 Britain's Future, Labour's Future Saturday 21 May 2016, 09.30 – 17.15 TUC Co
    Organised with: Fabian Summer conference 2016 Britain’s Future, Labour’s Future Saturday 21 May 2016, 09.30 – 17.15 TUC Congress Centre, 28 Great Russell Street, London, WC1B 3LS 9.30-10.20 Registration Tea and coffee 10.20-10.45 Welcome Main Hall Andrew Harrop (general secretary, Fabian Society) Massimo D’Alema (president, Foundation for European Progressive Studies) 10.45-11.30 Keynote speech Main Hall Gordon Brown (former prime minister) 11.30-12.20 Morning Plenary ‘Should we stay or should we go now’: What should the left decide? Main Hall Caroline Flint MP (Labour MP, Don Valley) Baroness Jenny Jones (Green Party, Member of the House of Lords) Tim Montgomerie (columnist, The Times) Chair: Andrew Harrop, (general secretary, Fabian Society) 12.30-13.30 Breakout sessions Main Hall It’s the economy, stupid: what’s best for jobs and growth? Shabana Mahmood MP (Labour MP, Birmingham Ladywood) John Mills (deputy chair, Vote Leave) Lucy Anderson MEP (Labour MEP for London) Vicky Pryce (economist) Chair: Michael Izza (chief executive, ICAEW) Council Chamber The jury’s out: can the campaigns persuade the ‘undecideds’? Interactive session Brendan Chilton (general secretary, Labour Leave) Antonia Bance (head of campaigns and communications, TUC) Richard Angell (director, Progress) Chair: Felicity Slater (exec member, Fabian Women’s Network) Meeting Room 1 Drifting apart? The four nations and Europe Nia Griffith MP (shadow secretary of state for wales and Labour MP for Llanelli) John Denham (director, University of Winchester’s Centre for English
    [Show full text]