J. Jpn. Bot. 88: 156–162 (2013)

The Second Species of Verdesmum (Leguminosae: Tribe Desmodieae) Found in China

a, b Hiroyoshi Ohashi * and Kazuaki Ohashi

a Herbarium, Botanical Garden, Tohoku University, Sendai, 980-0862 JAPAN; b School of Pharmacy, Iwate Medical University, Yahaba, Iwate, 028-3694 JAPAN *Corresponding author: [email protected]

(Accepted on January 11, 2013)

Hylodesmum menglaense (C. Chen & X. J. Cui) H. Ohashi & R. R. Mill is newly accommodated in Verdesmum as V. menglaense (C. Chen & X. J. Cui) H. Ohashi & K. Ohashi in this paper. This is the second species of Verdesmum belonging to the tribe Desmodieae. The genus is new to the flora of China and the species is endemic to Yunnan.

Key words: Desmodium, Fabaceae, Flora of China, Hanslia, Hylodesmum, Leguminosae, Verdesmum, Verdesmum menglaense, Yunnan.

Hylodesmum menglaense (C. Chen & X. isthmi between articles, broadly triangular lateral J. Cui) H. Ohashi & R. R. Mill was described calyx-lobes, bracteoles at the base of calyx, and by Chen and Cui as Podocarpium menglaense long pedunculate, lax-flowered inflorescences based on specimens collected at Mengla arising from leafless old leaf-axils at base of (101°15′E, 21°58′N) in southernmost Yunnan the stem (Ohashi and Ohashi 2012). The genus (Cui et al. 1987). The species is distinct from relates to Hylodesmum in having monadelphous all the other species of Hylodesmum in having stamens and in lacking a floral disk around the linear loments composed of narrowly obovate- ovary. However, Verdesmum and Hylodesmum elliptic articles of 32–55 mm long with differ in the stigma, loments, articles, bracteoles, central isthmi between articles (Figs. 1, 2, 3.). inflorescences and shrubby habit. Hylodesmum Hylodesmum menglaense, on the other hand, has a terminal minute capitate stigma, loments similar to Verdesmum hentyi (Verdc.) H. Ohashi with adaxial isthmi between the articles, & K. Ohashi or Hanslia ormocarpoides (DC.) obliquely semi-circular or broadly semi-obovate H. Ohashi in the loments and articles. articles less than 20 mm long, depressed ovate Verdesmum hentyi a rare species from or elliptic-oblong seeds less than 10 mm long, Borneo and New Guinea is characteristic in ebracteolate calyx and herbaceous habit. having a funnel-shaped terminal stigma. The Verdesmum hentyi was recognized in Hanslia genus Verdesmum was established based on (Ohashi 2004), because both share stipitate characteristics of the stigma unique among the loments of which the articles are narrowly tribe Desmodieae together with such characters obovate-elliptic with central isthmi. The genus as monadelphous stamens, stipitate loments comprises only H. ormocarpoides (DC.) H. of which the stipe is longer than the pedicel, Ohashi at present and is distributed in Australia narrowly obovate-elliptic articles with central (N. Queensland), Malesia (Lesser Sunda Islands,

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Fig. 1. Verdesmum menglaense (C. Chen & X. J. Cui) H. Ohashi & K. Ohashi (X. J. Cui & G. D. Tao 84111501, KUN 0419360). 158 植物研究雑誌 第 88 巻 第 3 号 2013 年 6 月

Fig. 2. Articles of Verdesmum menglaense (KUN Fig. 3. Article (above) and seed (below) of Verdesmum 0419360). menglaense (KUN 0419360).

Maluku, New Guinea, Philippines and Sulawesi) indicates distinctions between them: and Pacific (New Hebrides, Solomon: West Guadalcanal). The species is characteristic in 1. Loments with adaxial isthmi between the having a lateral stigma, diadelphous stamens, articles; articles obliquely semi-circular or a floral disk and densely flowered, pendulous, broadly semi-obovate less than 20 mm long; terminal inflorescences from the upper stem. herbaceous plants ...... Verdesmum is different from Hanslia in having ...... Hylodesmum excl. H. menglaense a terminal stigma, monadelphous stamens, lax- 1. Loments with central isthmi between flowered, ascending, axillary inflorescences from the articles; articles narrowly obovate- old leafless axils of leaves on the lower stem elliptic, more than 17 mm long; shrubby or and in lacking a floral disk (Ohashi and Ohashi subshrubby plants ...... 2 2012). 2. Inflorescences pendulous, terminal of upper The basic characters distinguishing between stem with long peduncles, densely many Hylodesmum, Verdesmum and Hanslia are the flowered; pedicels 2–4 mm long in fruit, shape of the stigma in combination with the stipe of loments 5–7 mm long, articles 17–20 monadelphous or diadelphous stamens and the mm long; terminal leaflet narrowly ovate presence or absence of floral disks.Hylodesmum with rounded base...... Hanslia ormocarpoides menglaense differs clearly from other species 2. Inflorescences ascending, axillary of basal of Hylodesmum in fruits, but flowers of the and medial stem with long peduncles, lax species have not been described so far. The several flowered; pedicels more than 5 mm species is known only from four sheets of long in fruit, stipe of loments more than 9 herbarium specimens: two type (G. D. Tao mm long, articles more than ca. 30 mm long . 009050, HITBC) (Figs. 4, 5, 6) and two sheets ...... 3 of paratype: (X. J. Cui & G. D. Tao 84111501, 3. Terminal leaflet elliptic with somewhat long KUN). We could not find flowers of the species cuneate base, pedicels 5–7 mm long in fruit, among these specimens. The images of the types stipe of loments 9–15 mm long, articles were kindly sent to us by Dr. H. Zhu (HITBC) 32–54 mm long .... Hylodesmum menglaense through Professor H. Sun (KUN) and the 3. Terminal leaflet broadly ovate with rounded paratypes were examined by ourselves in KUN base, pedicels 12–15 mm long in fruit, stipe in 2012. of loments 15–20 mm long, articles 28–30 Hylodesmum menglaense is, however, mm long ...... Verdesmum hentyi distinguishable from the remaining species of Hylodesmum, Verdesmum hentyi and Hanslia Although the correct generic position of ormocarpoides based mainly on characters of Hylodesmum menglaense is insufficiently fruits and inflorescences. The following key decided without its flowers, the species is more June 2013 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 88 No. 3 159

Fig. 4. Holotype of Podocarpium menglaense C. Chen & X. J. Cui (G. D. Tao 009050, HITBC [20113]). Courtesy of Dr. H. Zhu (HITBC) and Prof. H. Sun (KUN). 160 植物研究雑誌 第 88 巻 第 3 号 2013 年 6 月

Fig. 5. Isotype of Podocarpium menglaense C. Chen & X. J. Cui ( G. D. Tao 009050, HITBC [20112]). Courtesy of Dr. H. Zhu (HITBC) and Prof. H. Sun (KUN). June 2013 The Journal of Japanese Botany Vol. 88 No. 3 161

Cui in Acta Bot. Yunnan. 9: 305 (1987). Type: CHINA. Yunnan, Mengla, Menglun, alt. 620 m. 1974 August 6. G. D. Tao 009050 (holo. [20113] & iso. [20112] HITBC). Desmodium menglaense (C. Chen & X. J. Cui) H. Ohashi in J. Jap. Bot. 70: 142 (1995). Hylodesmum menglaense (C. Chen & X. J. Cui) H. Ohashi & R. R. Mill in Edinb. J. Bot. 57: 180 (2000); P. H. Huang & H. Ohashi in Z. G. Wu & al., Fl. China 10: 280 (2010).

The type of Podocarpium menglaense is ‘G. D. Tao 009050 (HITBC)’. There are two type specimens, each with a small tag numbered ‘009050’ on the stem. The types are numberd 20112 and 20113, respectively, on the label entitled ‘Flora of China’ (Figs. 4, 5). One of the types numbered 20113 bears an annotation label by Xianju Chui, one of the original authors Fig. 6. Four articles included in the packet of the isotype of the species: ‘Podocarpium menglaense C. of Podocarpium menglaense. Courtesy of Dr. H. Zhu Chen et X. J. Chui’, ‘Chui Xianju’ in Chinese (HITBC) and Prof. H. Sun (KUN). characters, and ‘[19]84 November 14’ (Fig. 4). Another type numbered 20112 bears no similar to Verdesmum hentyi than other species notes by the original authors of Podocarpium of Hylodesmum as shown in the key above. menglaense, but is annotated by X. F. Gao as Especially H. menglaense and V. hentyi share ‘Typus! Podocarpium menglaense C. Chen et X. the same type of inflorescences arising from an J. Chui, 1999 November 8’ (Fig. 5). We regard old leafless axil of leaf on the old stem, a long the former specimen 20113 as holotype, because loment-stipe and shrubby habit. only this specimen was designated by one of the Moreover, we noted that Hylodesmum original authors as Podocarpium menglaense menglaense and Verdesmum hentyi show the C. Chen & X. J. Chui (Fig. 4). The other type is same pattern of growth habit. The stems of these isotype (Fig. 5). species are simple and terminate in a single leafy The holotype shows an inflorescence arising bud at the axil of the terminal leaf, whereas in from a leafless old node near the base of the Hanslia and the other species of Hylodesmum stem and an apex of a branch at the axil of the the stems end in an inflorescence. The same terminal leaf (Fig. 4). The isotype has many growth habit may support that H. menglaense inflorescences one of which bears one young and Verdesmum hentyi belong to the same genus. loment (Fig. 5) and separated four articles are We consider, therefore, that H. menglaense included in the packet pasted on the upper left belongs to Verdesmum; hence propose a new corner of the herbarium sheet (Fig. 6). These combination for the species as follows: inflorescences all seem to arise from the axils of leaves borne near apices of older pieces of Verdesmum menglaense (C. Chen & X. J. stem. No terminal inflorescences are produced Cui) H. Ohashi & K. Ohashi, comb. nov. in this species, though inflorescences were Podocarpium menglaense C. Chen & X. J. described as ‘racemes terminal and axillary’ by 162 植物研究雑誌 第 88 巻 第 3 号 2013 年 6 月

Huang and Ohashi (2010) in Flora of China. The of Sciences, Beijing, for assisting us during our seeds were described as white in the original studies in PE in August 2012. description, but one of the collector, G. D. Tao, noted the color as reddish [brown] on one of the References paratypes. Cui X. J., Chen C. and Wu C. G. 1987. New taxa of the genus Podocarpium and a new name of Desmodium. Acta Bot. Yunnan. 9(3): 306–308. We thank Professor H. Sun at Kunming Huang P. H. and Ohashi H. 2010. Hylodesmum. In: Wu Z. Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Y., Raven P. H. and Hong D. Y. (eds.): Flora of China Sciences, Kunming, for facilitating our studies 10: 279–283. Science Press, Beijing and Missouri in KUN and for providing images of the type Botanical Garden Press, St. Louis. Ohashi H. 2004. Taxonomy and distribution of Desmodium of Podocarpium menglaense, to Dr. H. Zhu, and related genera (Leguminosae) in Malesia (II). J. Curator of the Herbarium, Xishuangbanna Jpn. Bot. 79: 155–185. Tropical Botanical Garden, for making the Ohashi H. and Mill R. R. 2000. Hylodesmum, a new name images of the type and to Professor S. G. for Podocarpium (Leguminosae). Edinb. J. Bot. 57: Wu at Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese 171–188． Ohashi H. and Ohashi K. 2012. Verdesmum, a new genus Academy of Sciences, Kunming, for helping of Leguminosae: tribe Desmodieae. J. Jpn. Bot. 87(5): our herbarium works in KUN and Professor X. 299–306. Y. Zhu at Botanical Institute, Chinese Academy

a b 大橋広好 ，大橋一晶 ：中国雲南産の Verdesmum（マ メ科ヌスビトハギ連）第 2 の種 Podocarpium menglaense C. Chen & X. J. Cui は 1987 器官の特異性の他に，茎の基部にある古い節から長い花 年に中国雲南省最南部の Mengla (101°15′E, 21°58′N) か 序を出して，上部にまばらに花をつける特徴をもつこと ら記載され (Cui et al. 1987)，2000 年にヌスビトハギ属 も分かった．この花序特徴は Hylodesmum menglaense として学名を Hylodesmum menglaense (C. Chen & X. J. にもみられる．ヌスビトハギ属の中ではオオバヌスビト Cui) H. Ohashi & R. R. Mill に組み替えられた (Ohashi ハギなどにみられる花茎が栄養茎の基部から 1 本だけ and Mill 2000)．この種の標本は現在のところ原記載に でる様子に似ているが，H. menglaense では植物体の下 引用された 2 点（4 枚）だけがあり，花は知られていない． 部で木質化した茎の古い節から 1 本あるいは複数の花 Hylodesmum menglaense は果実と種子の特徴からヌスビ 序がでるので，オオバヌスビトハギなどとは異なってい トハギ属 Hylodesmum よりも Hanslia に近縁ではないか る． こ の 点 で も Hylodesmum menglaense と Verdesmum と考えていたが，花を欠くことで正確に所属を決めるこ と は 共 通 す る こ と か ら，Hylodesmum menglaense を とができなかった．一方，2012 年にニューギニアとボ Verdesmum に移すこととした．Verdesmum menglaense ルネオから記録されていた Hanslia hentyi の花を発見し (C. Chen & X. J. Cui) H. Ohashi & K. Ohashi（新組み合わ 精査した結果，柱頭がロート状に広がる特徴によって せ）はこの属の 2 番目の種であり，また中国フロラの Hanslia とは異なることが判明したので，この種に基づ 新しい属である． い て Verdesmum を 記 載 し た (Ohashi and Ohashi 2012)． （a 東北大学植物園津田記念館， Verdesmum hentyi (Verdc.) H. Ohashi & K. Ohashi は花部 b 岩手医科大学薬学部）