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American Friends Service Committee May June, 1956

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American Friends Service Committee May June, 1956 American Friends Service Committee BULL TIN May June, 1956 Trn co\\\r These new houses in Kunsan, Korea, are being built to ease a critical problem faced by refugees. See page 4. In this issue . b CHANGE AND RESISTANCE IN THE SOUTH-page 3 NEW PROGRAM SUPPORTS RIGHTS OF CONSCIENCE-page 5 JAPAN TO HAVE QUAKER REPRESENTATIVE-page 6 b TEXAS PROGRAM HELPS LATIN-AMERICANS-page 7 challenge of new proposals PEACE EDUCATION EVENTS OFFER VARIETY . Institutes, conferences and camps from May through Philadelphia, Pa. August are scheduled as features of the AFSC Community ~ay,1956 Decrr Friends: Peace Education Program. From time to time those of us in AFSC try to evaluate Topics like these will be considered: "America's Respon- our current programs and those which have crystallized sibility to World Trouble Spots," "Civil Rights at Home into proposals for action. Such was the task before us at and Abroad," "Africa-Revolution and Reconciliation" the recent Representative Council which met for a week and "Constructive Use of Power in a World of Strife." at Earlham College, Richmond, Ind. On the Council are Participants of all ages will join in lectures, discussion, staff and committee members from all regional offices plus meditation and recreation. Even youngsters will be "in- the national office. volved" in several family institutes. You may be interested in some of the Council's recom- Among speakers for the summer are the following: mendations, which go to the Board of Directors for con- Amiya Chakravarty, Boston University professor who sideration. was Tagore's literary secretary and associate of Gandhi; A. The first proposal involves greater emphasis on work with J. Muste, secretary-emeritus of the Fellowship of Recon- high school-age young people who are increasingly con- ciliation; Homer Jack, Unitarian minister who attended fronted with perplexing prohlems requiring personal de- the Bandung Conference; Eddy Asirvatham, political science cisions. For many the answer becomes an easy acquiescence professor at Nagpur University, India; Reginald Reynolds, in what is becoming normal and traditional-military service English author of "Cairo to Capetown"; General Hugh B. and a career looking toward conventional "success." Hester, retired, former commander of the Philadelphia This standardized pattern gets sanction through such de- Quartermaster Depot; Ernest Kalibala, of East Africa. vices as the Coronet film series on UMT issued a few years former member of the trusteeship division of the United ago. Nations; Mulford Q. Sibley, University of Minnesota polit- A new national effort is developing around a workbook ical scientist; Floyd H. Ross, professor of history of world for upper high school grades. The title is "Your Life Plans religions at the University of Southern California; Harold and the Armed Forces." It assumes military service, men- Isaacs, Asian correspondent and writer on American rela- tions none of the alternatives provided by Congress and tions to underdeveloped countries; William Davidon, re- prepares young men for "getting the most out of the army." search associate of the Jnstitute for Nuclear Studies, Uni- Good vocational counselling is an urgent need. We would versity of Chicago. hope stress could be put on religious values and opportunities To date, plans for the following institutes and camps for constructive service. Both young men and mature lead- have been made: ers need to know the channels that always exist to serve and ADULT INSTITUTES help our fellows. "The choice is always ours." The AFSC has a number of programs for high school San Antonio, May 4-6; Houston, May 11-1 3; Fort Worth. students. These include world affairs camps, seminars in May 2-3; Dallas. May 4-7; Wichita and Topeka. May 31- Washington and at the U.N., week-end and one-day con- June 9; Avon Old Farms. Conn., June 10-17; Guilford ferences. Work camps and School Affiliation Service extend College, June 12-17; Cornell University, July 14-21 ; Whit- other opportunities. tier College, June 28-30. In addition, we offer counselling facilities for conscien- FAMILY INSTITUTES tious objectors. We hope to increase the number and type Tyler, Minn., Aug. 12-1 7, 19-24; San Francisco, July 7- of these youth programs in coming months. 14; Lake Geneva, Wis., June 30-July 6; Idyllwild, Calif., The second recommendation points to AFSC's respon- July 7-14; Columbus. Ohio. plans incomplete. sibilities in the South today. The struggle to work through the complex problems of integration deserves our sympa- COLLEGE INSTITUTES thetic and patient interest. Our regional offices in Greens- lthaca College Camp, June 7-16 (to he followed by boro and Austin are currently active and our other offices Peace Caravan in N.Y. state to July 18.) arc grappling with similar perplexing dilemmas. A body of significant experience in Washington, D. C., HIGH SCHOOL INSTITUTES AND CAMPS schools is already being shared with other Southern com- Lake Tahoe, Calif., June 16-23; Pasadena. Calif., June munities who are looking toward school integration. Semi- 16-23, 7-3-30; Roone, Iowa, June 16-23; Spencer. N. Y., nars and conferences of educators confronting these prob- Aug. 75-Sept. I: 1.ittlcton. Ma4s.. June 27-July 3, Aug. lems expedite the transition. 24-30. Special funds now make possible a new program in North Carolina which will try to help the concerned educator who wishes to move ahead to implement the Supreme Court's 450 Attend High School Conference decisions on integration. Dr. Ralph Bunche, U.N. undersecretary assigned to the There were other concerns expressed at Richmond. These Atomic Energy Committee, and Dr. Harry Meserve, a included a proposal to help relieve tension in the neighbor- Unitarian minister and national hoard memher of the Amer- hood of an integrated housing project in Chicago, to focus ican Civil Liberties Union, spoke before an AFSC high more actively on disarmament and to find ways to ease the school conference March 23-25. About 450 students came prohlems of stark need and hopelessness in the Appalachian to the seaside conference grounds at Asilomar, California, coal fields. from public and private schools all over the state. These concerns present us with a challenge to extend our- With these and other experienced resource leaders the selves and our resources. We hope you will help us pursue young people sought to answer the challenge put to them these goals. by AFSC: "The American idea of individual freedom can meet anv ideological competition-if we understand it our- selves. Do we?" The conferencc. titled "Our American Heritage: Freedom for All." was sponsored by the Northern and Southern Cali- E.uccrttive Secretory fornia regional offices. Story from Korea: EDITOR'S NOTE: Kathleen Regan, of welfare services for the Friends shown interviewing two Koreans in Service Unit in Kunsan. This true story photo at right, returned from Korea of one family illustrates most phases of in January after two years as director the Korean program. Drr I\RI \T\I I: A six-by-six space on the floor of a Distribution of clothing from the clrcn in bright pink or red corduroy rotted warehouse in Kunsan was home United States was organized in co- jackets and boys in blue jeans. to widow Kim and her family refugees operation with city officials in 1954 Moon Hi joined a group of work- from North Korea. They had the first and continued until the spring of shop widows at a sewing and weaving square nearest the door to make going 1955. Families received bundles con- project in the town and walked two and coming easier for the blind couple taining clothing, soap, candles, clothes miles cach day to her work. Her in the family, the daughter and son- line. sewing materials and a piece of brother, Chung Ho, helped her with in-law. paper mill felt to cover cracks in the lessons at night. His diligence and Chung Ho, a 13-year-old boy and wall and floors of their "homes." sense of responsibility helped him earn Moon Hi, a 15-year-old girl, were the Hundreds of "check-pos" (Korean a scholarship, given by the FSU, to others in the Kim family. school packets) from American chil- one of the best schools available. dren provided basic school materials Mud Hut Shelter after a wooden school building was Infant Gets Aid The dismal warehouse with its leaky erected with help from the Armccl During the winter the blind couple's roof, cold drafts and confusion was Forces Aid for Korea. child was horn in the warehouse. not a lonely place since 53 other fam- Our educational fund provided Mother and child were moved to the ilies - 200 persons - squatted there chairs, desks and blackboards which Kunsan provincial hospital. The hos- after fleeing North Korea. Many were usually made by the refugees. pital had been rehabilitated by mem- others from the north found make- When winter arrived the plight of bers of the Quaker medical unit which shift shelter in mud huts around the widows was more difficult. They nor- guided a Korean staff. The mother warehouse in what was known as JO mally don't re-marry and are un- knitted with wool donated through Chon refugee camp. Eight similar equipped to earn a living. They usually AFSC while at the hospital. camps were elsewhere in Kunsan. join the family group of near relatives. By the spring of 1955 some of the While shelter was a problem. The Quaker Unit i~ndertook to help refugee families whose members in- equally critical was the need for food some of the 4,000 widows in the Kun- cluded an able-bodied man were mov- when the Friends Service Unit started san area by giving them training in ing to an agricultural housing develop- work there in 1953.
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