Ph.D. WORKSHOP 2009 PROCEEDINGS
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Institute of Geonics AS CR, Ostrava Ph.D. WORKSHOP 2009 PROCEEDINGS Ostrava, November 19, 2009 Organizing committee Prof. RNDr. R. Blaheta, CSc. RNDr. K. Kirchner, CSc. Mgr. A. Kolcun, CSc. Bc. E. Dudková Ing. J. Starý, PhD. J. Vávrová ISBN 978-80-86407-78-4 Preface These proceedings contain contributions presented at the fourth Ph.D. Workshop of the Institute of Geonics of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic held in this year simultaneously in Ostrava and in Brno on November 19, 2009. Ph.D. training belongs among the most important activities not only of the universities but also of the institutes of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic. Note that in total more than 2000 Ph.D. students are being trained at the institutes of the Czech Academy of Sciences. It guarantees that the knowledge and experience from the research will be forwarded and extended, which is of principal importance for the development of the research and the whole academic system. The main aim of the Workshop is to bring together Ph.D. students studying and working or having their supervisors at the Institute of Geonics AS CR. But we also welcome students from other institutions to promote exchange of ideas, give an inspiration, and enable comparison of the research work and initiate contacts between students and researchers. For the whole research community at the Institute of Geonics, the workshop gives a possibility to follow new results and progress in work of the Ph.D. students. The topics presented at the workshop reflect a wide variety of problems solved at the Institute of Geonics. The thematic blocks of lectures are as follows • Geotechnics and mathematical modelling • Geomorphology and geophysics • Landscape and geoecology • Physical geography • Human geography • Cartography, Earth remote sensing, geoinformatics As a part of the workshop, we invite some well known specialists in the covered fields. In this year a special lecture entitled “The utilization of mathematical modelling of underground water flow for the solution of problems of mining hydrogeology” is given by N. Rapantová from TU Ostrava. Let us thank to all the authors for preparing and presenting their contributions, N. Rapantová for her special lecture and also to the organizers, supervisors and reviewers for their involvement in the workshop preparation. Ostrava, November 6, 2009 Prof. Radim Blaheta on behalf of the organizers Contents SECTION OSTRAVA Geotechnics, Mathematical Modelling, Geomorphology, Geophysics Galia Tomáš Complex geomorphological analysis of the Outer West Carpathiens high gradient streams – Introduction into the problematics 9 Harasim Petr Worst scenario method and other approaches to uncertainty 14 Kajzar Vlastimil Význam vyhodnocení horizontálních posun ů p ři sledování vývoje poklesové kotliny 17 Komárková Veronika, Pánek Tomáš Influence of slope deformations on a disruption of Ond řejník ridge in the Podbeskydí 22 upland Kopal Ji ří Transport na složité puklinové síti - n ěkteré aspekty rychlosti výpo čtu 28 Stolárik Martin Schémata seizmických experimentálních m ěř ení na železni čním tunelu Mosty u 29 Jablunkova Škarpich Václav Problems of (dis)continuous sediment movement in the Bý činec Basin (the Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts.) 33 Škarydová Ilona Výpo čty sdružených úloh napjatosti a proud ění pro rozpukanou horninu 37 Tábo řík Petr Use of electrical resistivity tomography in the research of mountain ridge disintegration 43 Tábo řík Petr, Škarpich Václav Introduction to the issues of slope deformations in the Ve ľká Ra ča massif (the Kysucké Beskydy Mts.) 49 Vavro Leona Measurement of fracture toughness of rocks using deformation characteristics 54 SECTION BRNO Landscape, Geoecology, Physical Geography, Human Geography, Cartography, Remote Sensing, Geoinformatics Cetkovský Stanislav Fenomén Energy landscapes na p říkladu okolí Rožné 61 Divíšek Jan Use of Animal Model Groups for Biogeographic Differentiation of the Landscape – Case 66 Study Doleželová Marie, Dobrovolný Petr Changes in the Extremity of Precipitation Regime in the Brno Region During the Period 1961-2007 72 Dvo řák Petr Písemný operát Stabilního katastru a jeho p řínos pro studium dynamiky využití krajiny 79 5 Havlí ček Marek Zm ěny ve využívání krajiny v okrese Hodonín za pomoci studia starých topografických 84 map Jánošík Dávid Constructing Regional Advantage in South Moravian Region 89 Keyzlarová Sandra Environmental benefits of allotment garden colonies for big-city and its inhabitants 96 Kone čný Ond řej Agrorurální struktura ČR pohledem plateb a podpor poskytovaných v rámci Spole čné zem ědělské politiky 101 Krej čí Lukáš The assessment of forest areas in term of windthrow occurrence using GIS 107 Kubalíkova Lucie Possibilities of geomorphologic assessment: a case study from Podyjí NP 112 Lipovská Zde ňka Landscape Restoration after Opencast Mining. Case Study Sokolov – East 121 Ln ěni čka Libor Městský marketing na p říkladu okresu Svitavy 127 Náplavová Miloslava Zem ědělství a krajina jižní Moravy. Sou časný stav a tendence. 131 Nováková Eva Možnosti užití DPZ p ři studiu ekoton ů 138 Raška Pavel Tectonic development of central part of the České st ředoho ří Middle Mts. during the Quaternary period 141 Trávní ček Jan Concept of cultural landscape in physical and human geography: origin, differences and misunderstanding 147 Vodová Libuše The Biogeographic Foundations for Developing of Ecological Network of the Brtnice Region 153 6 SECTION OSTRAVA • Geotechnics • Mathematical modelling • Geomorphology • Geophysics 7 8 Complex geomorphological analysis of the Outer Western Carpathiens high gradient streams – Introduction into the problematics Tomáš Galia 1 1Univeristy of Ostrava transport capacity relative to sediment supply. In Abstract contrast, alluvial channels exhibit a wide diversity of morphologies and roughness configurations due to This paper deals with the research of the high gradient position in channel network. Alluvial channels dispose streams located in Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts., of various rates of erosion, transport and accumulation Podbeskydská pahorkatina Upland and Vsetínské vrchy of sediments. Small headwater streams with weak or Mts. There are evaluated channel reaches by several ephemeral fluvial transport are recognized as colluvial parameters (e.g. bedrock, bed formations, channel channels [2]. confinement by valley walls, channel gradient, influence Mountain streams compared to low gradient rivers of vegetation etc.) within selected mountain streams. It are likely to be less influenced by man affect regarding is possible to reveal dependence of evaluated to their relative inaccessibility as same as impossibility parameters by using statistical methods. This allows us to intensive water utilization. However, in our case, to recognize processes and forms, which influence large part of the study area was afforested during morphological and hydraulic character of high gradient Walachian colonization in 14.-17.century. It could channels. Further, in this study is described a way of influence some processes connected with sediment estimating intensity of bedload sediment transport supply in the basins. Later, due to water utilization, in during floods. several Beskydian basins were constructed check dams across stream channels to reduce flow velocity and there Keywords: Fluvial geomorphology, High gradient were built some bank stabilization elements to protect stream, Stream analysis, Macrogranulometry, Channel- channels from lateral erosion. Recently, these negative reach, Bankfull channel, Outer Western Carpathiens, interventions cause so-called “hungry water” and consequently low-level erosion [3]. 1 Introduction One of aims of the research is to recognize features, which most affect high gradient stream channel patterns Mountain or rather high gradient streams are defined as in the study area. It will be processed data, which will relatively step ( ≥0.002 m/m) and confined channel be collected from a reasonable account of channel- segments found in mountainous terrain with gravel, reaches. We would be able to compare individual high cobble and boulder substrates or uncovered bedrock and gradient streams on the basis of several measured or with spatially limited floodplains. Although individual alternatively acquired parameters. Further, it will be high gradient streams can have distinctive estimated intensity of sediment transport during flood characteristics that preclude generalization, most of events by using of empirical equations. them are characterized by very coarse grained (cobble to boulder) channel substrate that produces high boundary 2 Study area resistance to erosion and high hydraulic roughness [1]. In this study, we recognise as a high gradient channel a Czech part of the Outer Western Carpathians is channel-reach with a bit stepper gradient ( ≥0.01 m/m) characteristically folded by flysch structure (e.g. with regard to characters of surveyed streams. Subsilesian Nappe, Silesian Nappe and Magura Nappe). For mountain streams is typical high intensity of These rocks have flysch character; it means alternation sediment delivery due to the relative lack of buffers of sandstone and claystone layers. between high gradient hillslopes and channels. Unstable Study area includes Moravskoslezské Beskydy Mts., turbulent flow is prevailed there. Common phenomena Podbeskydská pahorkatina Upland (Silesian Nappe) and occurred in bottoms of step valleys are debris flows, Vsetínské vrchy Mts. (Magura Nappe). During which create large accumulations