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Point Aconi Open Pit Coal Mine Appendix EE Archaeological and Cultural Heritage Resources Assessment Documentation GHD | Environmental Impact Statement | 11148275 (20) Archaeological Screening, Reconnaissance and Shovel Testing Pictou County, Nova Scotia (CRM Group 2018) GHD BOAT HARBOUR REMEDIATION PLANNING AND DESIGN ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCREENING, RECONNAISSANCE AND SHOVEL TESTING PICTOU COUNTY, NOVA SCOTIA FINAL REPORT Submitted to: GHD Prepared by: Cultural Resource Management Group Limited Ten Mile House 1519 Bedford Highway Bedford, Nova Scotia B4A 1E3 Consulting Archaeologist: Mike Sanders Report Preparation: Mike Sanders Heritage Research Permit Number A2017NS100 CRM Group Project Number: 17-0013-01 & 02 APRIL 2018 The following report may contain sensitive archaeological site data. Consequently, the report must not be published or made public without the written consent of Nova Scotia’s Coordinator of Special Places, Department of Communities, Culture and Heritage. Boat Harbour Remediation – Archaeological Screening, Reconnaissance & Shovel Testing, 2017 GHD Final Report TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1.0 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................... 1 2.0 STUDY AREA ........................................................................................................................ 4 3.0 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................... 9 4.0 RESULTS .............................................................................................................................. 17 4.1 Background Research ............................................................................................... 17 4.2 Field Reconnaissance ............................................................................................... 36 4.2.1 Archaeological Sites .................................................................................... 38 4.2.2 Other Areas of Elevated Archaeological Potential ...................................... 53 4.3 Shovel Testing .......................................................................................................... 63 4.3.1 Dredging works Compound ........................................................................ 63 4.3.2 Conceptual Pilot Cell Option 2 .................................................................... 64 4.4 Preliminary Archaeological Report .......................................................................... 67 5.0 CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS ................................................................. 68 6.0 REFERENCES CITED ......................................................................................................... 71 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Approximate Study Area ............................................................................................ 2 Figure 2: Detailed Study Area ..................................................................................................... 3 Figure 3: Dredging Works Compound – Approximate Assessment Area ................................ 12 Figure 4: Dredging Works Compound – Shovel Testing Results ............................................ 13 Figure 5: Pilot Cell Option 2 - Approximate Assessment Area ............................................... 14 Figure 6: Pilot Cell Option 2 – Shovel Testing Results ............................................................. 15 Figure 7: Morris 1785 ............................................................................................................... 30 Figure 8: MacKay 1834 ........................................................................................................... 31 Figure 9: Church 1867 ............................................................................................................. 32 Figure 10: J. H. Meacham 1879 – West Side of Boat Harbour .................................................. 33 Figure 11: J. H. Meacham 1879 – East Side of Boat Harbour ..................................................... 34 Figure 12: Fletcher 1902 ............................................................................................................ 35 Figure 13: Distribution of Archaeological Potential ................................................................... 37 Figure 14: James & Christina Sproull Site .................................................................................. 41 Figure 15: Donald McArthur Site ............................................................................................... 46 Figure 16: Peter McArthur Site .................................................................................................. 50 CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT GROUP LIMITED Page i Boat Harbour Remediation – Archaeological Screening, Reconnaissance & Shovel Testing, 2017 GHD Final Report LIST OF PLATES Plate 1: Pipeline Corridor at Abercrombie ............................................................................... 5 Plate 2: Pipeline Corridor at Indian Cross Point........................................................................ 5 Plate 3: Canal from Settling Basin of the Effluent Treatment Facility ..................................... 6 Plate 4: Aeration Stabilizing Basin and Electrical Building ...................................................... 6 Plate 5: Main body of Boat Harbour ........................................................................................ 7 Plate 6: Boat Harbour Dam ...................................................................................................... 7 Plate 7: Lower estuary and narrow mouth of Boat Harbour ...................................................... 8 Plate 8: Reconnaissance in woods along the western shore of Boat Harbour ........................ 10 Plate 9: Reconnaissance at the head of a peninsula on the southeastern shore of Boat Harbour .............................................................................................................. 10 Plate 10: Examination for petroglyphs on the face of a sandstone cliff ................................... 11 Plate 11: Shovel testing in the northern half of the proposed Dredging Works Compound footprint ................................................................................................... 16 Plate 12: Shovel testing near the eastern edge of the Study Area for Conceptual Pilot Cell Option 2 ...................................................................................................... 16 Plate 13: House foundation and cellar at the James & Christina Sproull Site ........................... 42 Plate 14: Chiseled sandstone blocks of the chimney foundation at the James & Christina Sproull Site ................................................................................................ 42 Plate 15: Apple tree in the former field at the James & Christina Sproull Site ........................ 43 Plate 16: Sketch of lots considered in a land exchange between James Sproull and the Crown ................................................................................................................... 43 Plate 17: House foundation and cellar at the Donald McArthur Site ....................................... 47 Plate 18: Northeast corner of the Donald McArthur house foundation ..................................... 47 Plate 19: Chimney base within the house cellar at the Donald McArthur Site ......................... 48 Plate 20: House cellar at the Peter McArthur Site ..................................................................... 51 Plate 21: Slumped southeast wall of the Peter McArthur Site cellar ......................................... 51 Plate 22: Levelled field or pasture northeast of the house cellar at the Peter McArthur Site ............................................................................................................ 52 Plate 23: Pipeline corridor as seen from the western end of the Study Area ............................ 54 Plate 24: Alignment of the marine component of the pipeline corridor .................................... 55 Plate 25: Concentration of shells within the pipeline corridor at Indian Cross Point ............... 56 Plate 26: Concentration of shells within the pipeline corridor at Indian Cross Point ................ 56 Plate 27: Western shore of Boat Harbour as seen from the area of the Point C Buildings .................................................................................................................... 58 Plate 28: Stone and concrete foundations of Camp Larad ........................................................ 58 Plate 29: Reconnaissance within the borrow pit that lies to the southwest of Former Settling Pond 2............................................................................................... 59 Plate 30: Undecorated and transfer-printed sherds of refined white earthenware on the ground surface within the borrow pit .................................................................. 59 Plate 31: Settling Basin (centre), Emergency Spill Basin (right) and surrounding roads at the Boat Harbour Effluent Treatment Facility ............................................. 60 Plate 32: Western shore of the Boat Harbour estuary ............................................................... 60 Plate 33: Linear stone pile marking the edge of a former field clearing .................................. 61 CULTURAL RESOURCE MANAGEMENT GROUP
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