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Neue Mitglieder Der Bayerischen Akademie Der Wissenschaften AKADEMIELEBEN ZUWAHLEN 2003 Neue Mitglieder der Bayerischen Akademie der Wissenschaften EINMAL IM JAHR WÄHLT DIE BAYERISCHE AKADEMIE DER WISSENSCHAFTEN NEUE MITGLIEDER – DIESES JAHR VERZEICHNET DIE AKADEMIE GLEICH ACHTZEHN NEUZUGÄNGE VON JULIA MÜLLER atzungsgemäß sind Mitglieder der Bayerischen SAkademie der Wissenschaf- ten allesamt Wissenschaftler, „deren Leistung sich nicht in der Übermittlung oder Anwendung bereits vorhandener Erkenntnisse erschöpft, sondern eine wesentliche Erweiterung des Wissensbestandes darstellt“. 2003 Damit die ordentlichen Mitglieder an den regelmäßig in München stattfindenden Sitzungen teilneh- NEUE ORDENTLICHE MITGLIEDER men können, müssen sie auch in Bayern wohnen. Die korrespondie- renden Mitglieder dagegen kom- Philosophisch-historische Klasse men aus aller Welt. Die Anzahl aller Mitglieder ist begrenzt. In diesem Wolfgang Ballwieser (Betriebswirtschaftslehre) Jahr hat die Bayerische Akademie Hartmut Bobzin (Islamwissenschaften) der Wissenschaften acht ordentli- Horst Dreier (Rechtsphilosophie, Staats- und Verwaltungsrecht) che Mitglieder gewählt. Zehn neue Wulf Oesterreicher (Romanische Sprachwissenschaft) Mitglieder sind zu den korrespon- Wolfgang Wiegard (Volkswirtschaftslehre) dierenden Wissenschaftlern hinzu- gekommen. Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftliche Klasse Dem in ihrer Satzung formulierten Reinhard Genzel (Physik) Anspruch, die jeweils Besten ihres Rudolf Gross (Technische Physik) Faches zu wählen, kam die Baye- Herbert Mayr (Organische Chemie) rische Akademie im Jahr 2003 mit der Wahl folgender Professoren nach: 01 MAI 2003 AKADEMIE AKTUELL 13 AKADEMIELEBEN NEUE KORRESPONDIERENDE MITGLIEDER Arbeiten. In modernen, westlichen Staaten leitet sich Recht nicht mehr Philosophisch-historische Klasse von einem höherstehenden natür- lichen oder göttlichen Recht ab: Konrad Hesse (Staats-, Verwaltungs- und Kirchenrecht) Es ist änderbar. Diese Eigenschaft Manfred Krebernik (Assyrologie) modernen Rechts nennt man posi- Salvatore Settis (Klassische Archäologie) tiv, wobei Recht und Moral bei Werner Sundermann (Iranistik) einer streng positivistischen Peter Stotz (Mittellateinische Philologie) Rechtsauffassung völlig getrennt Charles Taylor (Philosophie) werden. Bereits in seiner Promo- tion über den österreichischen Mathematisch-naturwissenschaftlichen Klasse Rechtstheoretiker Hans Kelsen gelang Dreier der Nachweis, dass Oded Goldreich (Informatik) positives Recht nicht zwangsläufig Wolfgang Ketterle (Physik) staatlicher Willkür Vorschub leisten Walter Kohn (Chemie) muss, nur weil es menschenge- Georgios Pantelidis (Mathematik) macht und folglich nicht unfehlbar ist. Dreier ist u.a. Herausgeber eines dreibändigen, neu konzipier- ten Grundgesetz-Kommentars. 2001 wurde er zum Mitglied des ZU DEN ORDENTLICHEN schungen ein: In seiner Habilita- Nationalen Ethikrates berufen. MITGLIEDERN: tionsschrift „Der Koran im Zeit- alter der Reformation“ untersucht Prof. Dr. Reinhard Genzel, gebo- Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Ballwieser, er u.a. europäische Übersetzungen ren 1952, ist Direktor am Max- geboren 1948, ist ordentlicher der Lutherzeit und die Auseinander- Planck-Institut für extraterrestri- Professor der Betriebswirtschafts- setzung früher Orientalisten mit sche Physik, Garching, wo er die lehre an der Ludwig-Maximilians- dem Buch des Propheten. Die Be- Forschungsgruppe „Infrarot-/Sub- Universität, München. Seine in 3. schäftigung mit dem Studium und millimeter-Astronomie“ leitet. Er Auflage erschienene Habilitations- der Kenntnis des Arabischen in ist außerdem Honorarprofessor für schrift widmet sich der wissen- Europa fließt auch in sein zweites Physik an der Ludwig-Maximilans- schaftliche Analyse und Weiterent- Arbeitsgebiet ein – die Rückert- Universität München, und Full wicklung von Methoden zur Forschung. Rückert lehrte Anfang Professor an der University of Unternehmensbewertung, insbe- des 19. Jahrhunderts an der glei- California, Berkeley. Schon am sondere unter Einbeziehung der chen Universität wie Bobzin. Anfang seiner Karriere interessierte Theorie des Kapitalmarktes und der Bekannt ist er heute noch für seine sich Genzel für die Sternentstehung: Unternehmensstrategie. Ein weite- Übersetzung der Gedichte des per- Er konnte die Eigenbewegung rer Schwerpunkt seiner Forschungs- sischen Poeten Hafis, die Johann kompakter Wasserdampfwolken arbeit ist die Rechenschaftslegung Wolfgang von Goethe zum „West- nachweisen, was ein früher Beweis von Unternehmen gegenüber Östlichen Diwan“ inspirierte. dafür war, dass bei der Geburt mas- Eigentümern, Gläubigern, Staat siver Sterne Materiestrahlen und und Öffentlichkeit. Ballwieser ist Prof. Dr. Horst Dreier, geboren Überschallströmungen entstehen, Herausgeber des bei Schäffer- 1954, ist ordentlicher Professor die wahrscheinlich mit dem Abbau Poeschel erschienenen „Handwör- für Rechtsphilosophie, Staats- und des Drehimpulses zusammenhän- terbuchs der Rechnungslegung und Verwaltungsrecht an der Julius- gen. 1980 wechselte Genzel vom Prüfung“ und von „Schmalenbachs Maximilians-Universität, Würz- Gebiet der Radioastronomie zur Zeitschrift für betriebswirtschaftli- burg. Die Frage nach der Legitima- Infrarotastronomie und untersuchte che Forschung“. tion des Rechts steht im Zentrum die physikalischen Prozesse und die seiner rechtsphilosophischen Dynamik von Galaxien mit hoher Prof. Dr. Hartmut Bobzin, geboren Sternbildungs-Aktivität. Die Mes- 1946, ist ordentlicher Professor für sungen seines Teams lieferten den Islamwissenschaften an der Fried- bislang schlagendsten Beweis rich-Alexander-Universität, dafür, dass sich ein supermassives Erlangen. Besonders breiten Raum Schwarzes Loch im Zentrum der nimmt der Koran in seinen For- Milchstraße befindet. 14 AKADEMIE AKTUELL 01 MAI 2003 AKADEMIELEBEN Prof. Dr. Rudolf Gross, geboren Mayr hat ein Modell entwickelt, Prof. Dr. Wolfgang Wiegard, 1956, ist ordentlicher Professor für das es gestattet, die Reaktivität von geboren 1946, ist ordentlicher Technische Physik an der Techni- Elektrophil-Nukleophil-Kombina- Professor für Volkswirtschaftslehre schen Universität München und tionen mit einer einfachen Glei- an der Universität Regensburg und leitet das Walther-Meißner-Instituts chung zu beschreiben, die den Vorsitzender des Sachverständigen- für Tieftemperaturforschung der gesamten Reaktionsbereich der rates für die Begutachtung der Bayerischen Akademie der Organischen Chemie abdeckt (von gesamtwirtschaftlichen Entwick- Wissenschaften. Seine über 200 1 Sekunde bis zu 1016 Jahren, d.h. lung – dem sogenannten „Rat der Publikationen lassen sich drei bis zu 24 Größenordnungen). Auch fünf Weisen“. Er hat wesentliche Themenkreisen zuordnen: Hoch- noch unbekannte Reaktionen kön- Beitrage zur Theorie der Optimal- temperatursupraleitung, großer nen mit diesem Modell abgeschätzt besteuerung geleistet („Optimale Magnetowiderstand und Quanten- werden. Finanzpolitik“, Fischer, 1981) und bauelemente. Gross erforscht Modelle entwickelt, mit denen z. B. Supraleitung bei Temperaturen um Prof. Dr. Wulf Oesterreicher, Maßnahmen der Finanz-, Handels- 100 Grad Kelvin (- 273 Grad geboren 1942, ist ordentlicher oder Sozialpolitik simuliert werden Celsius entsprechen 1 Grad Professor für Romanische Sprach- können, um eine bessere Vorstel- Kelvin), also das Phänomen, bei wissenschaft an der Ludwig- lung von den denkbaren Wirkungen dem der elektrische Widerstand in Maximilians-Universität München. komplizierter Reformprozesse zu leitenden Materialien verschwin- In seiner Dissertation über „Sprach- bekommen. (“Welfare effects of det. Sein zweiter Schwerpunkt ist theorie und Theorie der Sprachwis- value-added tax harmonization in die grundlegende Erforschung gro- senschaft“ setzte er sich kritisch mit Europe : a computable general ßer Änderungen im elektrischen dem Ansatz des Amerikaners Noam equilibrium analysis”, Springer, Widerstand eines Magnetfeldes. Chomsky auseinander, der Sprache 1995). Den Effekt des großen Magneto- nicht – wie sonst üblich – versucht, widerstand, der in metallischen als Kombinationsregeln sprach- Mehrschichtsystemen und in licher Zeichen aus der Struktur Manganoxyd-Verbinden auftritt, eines Textes heraus zu analysieren, nutzt man in der Praxis schon jetzt sondern die Regeln und Bedingun- für magnetische Datenspeicher und gen zu rekonstruieren versucht, die Sensoren, wie sie z.B. beim Brem- jeder Sprecher einer Sprache bei sen mit Antiblockiersystem (ABS) der Erzeugung von komplexen im Auto eingesetzt werden. Zuletzt sprachlichen Strukturen (beispiels- hat Gross eine völlig neue Anlage weise eines Satzes) benötigt. Als aufgebaut, mit der Quanteneffekte Schüler von Eugenio Coseriu setzt in unterschiedlichen Materialien sich Oesterreicher bereits in seiner beobachtet werden können. Erste Dissertation für die Bewahrung der Ergebnisse an Quantenbits von diesen linguistischen Ansatz über- Supraleitern liegen bereits vor, steigenden Funktionen von Sprache wodurch der ultraschnelle Rechner ein, wie die der Alterität, Histori- der Zukunft – der sogenannte Quan- zität und Kreativität. Er selbst hat tencomputer – ein Stück näher der Bestimmung von Sprache noch rückt. eine vierte Dimension hinzugefügt: Die Diskursivität, also die Veran- Prof. Dr. Herbert Mayr, geboren kerung eines institutionellen Dis- 1947, ist ordentlicher Professor für kurses in der sprachlichen Praxis. Organische Chemie an der Ludwig- Ein für die Darstellung des Sprach- Maximilians-Universität München. wandels und der Sprachgeschichte Schwerpunkt seiner wissenschaft- aller romanischen Sprachen beson- lichen Arbeit ist die Beschreibung ders fruchtbarer Ansatz. der
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