Genetic Engineering of Zebrafish in Cancer Research
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A Synopsis of the Parasites of Medaka (Oryzias Latipes) of Japan (1929-2017)
生物圏科学 Biosphere Sci. 56:71-85 (2017) A synopsis of the parasites of medaka (Oryzias latipes) of Japan (1929-2017) Kazuya NAGASAWA Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan Published by The Graduate School of Biosphere Science Hiroshima University Higashi-Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan November 2017 生物圏科学 Biosphere Sci. 56:71-85 (2017) REVIEW A synopsis of the parasites of medaka (Oryzias latipes) of Japan (1929-2017) Kazuya NAGASAWA* Graduate School of Biosphere Science, Hiroshima University, 1-4-4 Kagamiyama, Higashi-Hiroshima, Hiroshima 739-8528, Japan Abstract Information on the protistan and metazoan parasites of medaka, Oryzias latipes (Temminck and Schlegel, 1846), from Japan is summarized based on the literature published for 89 years between 1929 and 2017. This is a revised and updated checklist of the parasites of medaka published in Japanese in 2012. The parasites, including 27 nominal species and those not identified to species level, are listed by higher taxa as follows: Ciliophora (no. of nominal species: 6), Cestoda (1), Monogenea (1), Trematoda (9), Nematoda (3), Bivalvia (5), Acari (0), Copepoda (1), and Branchiura (1). For each parasite species listed, the following information is given: its currently recognized scientific name, any original combination, synonym(s), or other previous identification used for the parasite from medaka; site(s) of infection within or on the host; known geographical distribution in Japanese waters; and the published source of each record. A skin monogenean, Gyrodatylus sp., has been encountered in research facilities and can be regarded as one of the most important parasites of laboratory-reared medaka in Japan. -
Rag2 Targeted Mutation Mice from Taconic
Rag2 Targeted Mutation Mice from Taconic In vivo Immunology Model for Drug Discovery and Toxicology The Taconic Rag2 Targeted Mutation Mouse Scientific Profile of the Rag2 Targeted Mutation Mouse1, 2 • Lacks mature T and B lymphocytes due to The Taconic Rag2 Targeted Mutation Mice an inability to initiate V(D)J rearrang-ement. carry a germline mutation in which a large Otherwise, the mouse exhibits apparently portion of the Rag2 coding region is deleted. normal hematopoiesis. Mice homozygous for the mutation are observed Potential Applications of the Rag2 to lack mature T and B lymphocytes. Analysis Targeted Mutation Mouse of these mice indicate that the Rag2 defect blocks T cell and B cell differentiation earlier • Evaluate function of lymphocyte specific and/or more completely than the scid defect. genes in immune cell differentiation (Figure 1). • Reconstitute with human hematopoietic Homozygous mutant mice were found to appear cells for research in AIDS and other immune normal except for immunological defects. cell disorders. Spleens, thymuses, and lymph nodes were small • Model human hematopoiesis for studying and hypoplastic. No detectable alterations were experimental therapeutics or developing observed in other tissues tested. vaccines. • Research the immune system's effect on Mice heterozygous for the mutation were found tumorigenesis and metastasis. to be normal compared with their wild type • Investigate somatic cell therapy in vivo. littermates. • Explore the genetics of autoimmmune or infectious diseases. Figure 1: RAG2 deficient blastocyst complementation assay. Chen, J., Lansford, R., Stewart, V., Young, F., Alt, F. Proceedings of the National Academy of Science 90, 4528-4532. 1993. (Diagram courtesy of Dr. -
Autoaggressive T Cells in the Periphery RAG2
Cutting Edge: CD40-Induced Expression of Recombination Activating Gene (RAG) 1 and RAG2: A Mechanism for the Generation of Autoaggressive T Cells in the Periphery This information is current as of September 25, 2021. Gisela M. Vaitaitis, Michelle Poulin, Richard J. Sanderson, Kathryn Haskins and David H. Wagner, Jr. J Immunol 2003; 170:3455-3459; ; doi: 10.4049/jimmunol.170.7.3455 http://www.jimmunol.org/content/170/7/3455 Downloaded from References This article cites 24 articles, 12 of which you can access for free at: http://www.jimmunol.org/content/170/7/3455.full#ref-list-1 http://www.jimmunol.org/ Why The JI? Submit online. • Rapid Reviews! 30 days* from submission to initial decision • No Triage! Every submission reviewed by practicing scientists • Fast Publication! 4 weeks from acceptance to publication by guest on September 25, 2021 *average Subscription Information about subscribing to The Journal of Immunology is online at: http://jimmunol.org/subscription Permissions Submit copyright permission requests at: http://www.aai.org/About/Publications/JI/copyright.html Email Alerts Receive free email-alerts when new articles cite this article. Sign up at: http://jimmunol.org/alerts The Journal of Immunology is published twice each month by The American Association of Immunologists, Inc., 1451 Rockville Pike, Suite 650, Rockville, MD 20852 Copyright © 2003 by The American Association of Immunologists All rights reserved. Print ISSN: 0022-1767 Online ISSN: 1550-6606. THE JOURNAL OF IMMUNOLOGY CUTTING EDGE Cutting Edge: CD40-Induced Expression of Recombination Activating Gene (RAG) 1 and RAG2: A Mechanism for the Generation of Autoaggressive T Cells in the Periphery1 Gisela M. -
Na+/K+-Atpase Expression in Gills of the Euryhaline Sailfin Molly, Poecilia Latipinna, Is Altered in Response to Salinity Challe
Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology 375 (2009) 41–50 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Journal of Experimental Marine Biology and Ecology journal homepage: www.elsevier.com/locate/jembe Na+/K+-ATPase expression in gills of the euryhaline sailfin molly, Poecilia latipinna, is altered in response to salinity challenge Wen-Kai Yang a, Jinn-Rong Hseu b, Cheng-Hao Tang a, Ming-Ju Chung c, Su-Mei Wu c,⁎, Tsung-Han Lee a,⁎ a Department of Life Sciences, National Chung-Hsing University, Taichung 402, Taiwan b Mariculture Research Center, Fisheries Research Institute, Tainan 724, Taiwan c Department of Aquatic Biosciences, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600, Taiwan article info abstract Article history: Sailfin molly (Poecilia latipinna) is an introduced species of euryhaline teleost mainly distributed in the lower reaches Received 23 December 2008 and river mouths over the southwestern part of Taiwan. Upon salinity challenge, the gill is the major organ Received in revised form 5 May 2009 responsible for ion-regulation, and the branchial Na+–K+-ATPase (NKA) is a primary driving force for the other ion Accepted 6 May 2009 transporters and channels. Hence we hypothesized that branchial NKA expression changed in response to salinity stress of sailfin molly so that they were able to survive in environments of different salinities. Before sampling, the Keywords: fish were acclimated to fresh water (FW), brackish water (BW, 15‰), or seawater (SW, 35‰) for at least one month. Gill The physiological (plasma osmolality), biochemical (activity and protein abundance of branchial NKA), cellular Glucose Heat shock protein (number of NKA immunoreactive cells), and stress (plasma glucose levels and protein abundance of hepatic and Na+/K+-ATPase branchial heat shock protein 90) indicators of osmoregulatory challenge in sailfinmollyweresignificantly increased Salinity in the SW-acclimated group compared to the FW- or BW-acclimated group. -
And Intra-Species Replacements in Freshwater Fishes in Japan
G C A T T A C G G C A T genes Article Waves Out of the Korean Peninsula and Inter- and Intra-Species Replacements in Freshwater Fishes in Japan Shoji Taniguchi 1 , Johanna Bertl 2, Andreas Futschik 3 , Hirohisa Kishino 1 and Toshio Okazaki 1,* 1 Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1, Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan; [email protected] (S.T.); [email protected] (H.K.) 2 Department of Mathematics, Aarhus University, Ny Munkegade, 118, bldg. 1530, 8000 Aarhus C, Denmark; [email protected] 3 Department of Applied Statistics, Johannes Kepler University Linz, Altenberger Str. 69, 4040 Linz, Austria; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: The Japanese archipelago is located at the periphery of the continent of Asia. Rivers in the Japanese archipelago, separated from the continent of Asia by about 17 Ma, have experienced an intermittent exchange of freshwater fish taxa through a narrow land bridge generated by lowered sea level. As the Korean Peninsula and Japanese archipelago were not covered by an ice sheet during glacial periods, phylogeographical analyses in this region can trace the history of biota that were, for a long time, beyond the last glacial maximum. In this study, we analyzed the phylogeography of four freshwater fish taxa, Hemibarbus longirostris, dark chub Nipponocypris temminckii, Tanakia ssp. and Carassius ssp., whose distributions include both the Korean Peninsula and Western Japan. We found for each taxon that a small component of diverse Korean clades of freshwater fishes Citation: Taniguchi, S.; Bertl, J.; migrated in waves into the Japanese archipelago to form the current phylogeographic structure of Futschik, A.; Kishino, H.; Okazaki, T. -
Collaboration of RAG2 with RAG1-Like Proteins During the Evolution of V(D)J Recombination
Downloaded from genesdev.cshlp.org on September 25, 2021 - Published by Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press Collaboration of RAG2 with RAG1-like proteins during the evolution of V(D)J recombination Lina Marcela Carmona,1 Sebastian D. Fugmann,2,3 and David G. Schatz1,4 1Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, 06520, USA; 2Department of Biomedical Sciences, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan City 33302, Taiwan; 3Chang Gung Immunology Consortium, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Tao-Yuan City 33302, Taiwan; 4Howard Hughes Medical Institute, New Haven, Connecticut 06511, USA The recombination-activating gene 1 (RAG1) and RAG2 proteins initiate V(D)J recombination, the process that assembles the B- and T-lymphocyte antigen receptor genes of jawed vertebrates. RAG1 and RAG2 are thought to have arisen from a transposable element, but the origins of this element are not understood. We show that two ancestral RAG1 proteins, Transib transposase and purple sea urchin RAG1-like, have a latent ability to initiate V(D)J recombination when coexpressed with RAG2 and that in vitro transposition by Transib transposase is stimulated by RAG2. Conversely, we report low levels of V(D)J recombination by RAG1 in the absence of RAG2. Recombination by RAG1 alone differs from canonical V(D)J recombination in having lost the requirement for asymmetric DNA substrates, implicating RAG2 in the origins of the “12/23 rule,” a fundamental regulatory feature of the reaction. We propose that evolution of RAG1/RAG2 began with a Transib transposon whose intrinsic recombination activity was enhanced by capture of an ancestral RAG2, allowing for the development of adaptive immunity. -
Oogenesis and Egg Quality in Finfish: Yolk Formation and Other Factors
fishes Review Oogenesis and Egg Quality in Finfish: Yolk Formation and Other Factors Influencing Female Fertility Benjamin J. Reading 1,2,*, Linnea K. Andersen 1, Yong-Woon Ryu 3, Yuji Mushirobira 4, Takashi Todo 4 and Naoshi Hiramatsu 4 1 Department of Applied Ecology, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27695, USA; [email protected] 2 Pamlico Aquaculture Field Laboratory, North Carolina State University, Aurora, NC 27806, USA 3 National Institute of Fisheries Science, Gijang, Busan 46083, Korea; [email protected] 4 Faculty of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Minato, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan; [email protected] (Y.M.); todo@fish.hokudai.ac.jp (T.T.); naoshi@fish.hokudai.ac.jp (N.H.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +1-919-515-3830 Received: 28 August 2018; Accepted: 16 November 2018; Published: 21 November 2018 Abstract: Egg quality in fishes has been a topic of research in aquaculture and fisheries for decades as it represents an important life history trait and is critical for captive propagation and successful recruitment. A major factor influencing egg quality is proper yolk formation, as most fishes are oviparous and the developing offspring are entirely dependent on stored egg yolk for nutritional sustenance. These maternally derived nutrients consist of proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, vitamins, minerals, and ions that are transported from the liver to the ovary by lipoprotein particles including vitellogenins. The yolk composition may be influenced by broodstock diet, husbandry, and other intrinsic and extrinsic conditions. In addition, a number of other maternal factors that may influence egg quality also are stored in eggs, such as gene transcripts, that direct early embryonic development. -
Genome-Wide Analysis Identifies Rag1 and Rag2 As Novel Notch1
fcell-09-703338 July 7, 2021 Time: 18:5 # 1 ORIGINAL RESEARCH published: 12 July 2021 doi: 10.3389/fcell.2021.703338 Genome-Wide Analysis Identifies Rag1 and Rag2 as Novel Notch1 Transcriptional Targets in Thymocytes Yang Dong1,2†, Hao Guo1,2†, Donghai Wang2, Rongfu Tu2, Guoliang Qing2* and Hudan Liu1,2* 1 Department of Hematology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China, 2 Frontier Science Center for Immunology and Metabolism, Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan, China Recombination activating genes 1 (Rag1) and Rag2 are expressed in immature lymphocytes and essential for generating the vast repertoire of antigen receptors. Yet, the mechanisms governing the transcription of Rag1 and Rag2 remain to be Edited by: Binghui Li, fully determined, particularly in thymocytes. Combining cDNA microarray and ChIP- Capital Medical University, China seq analysis, we identify Rag1 and Rag2 as novel Notch1 transcriptional targets in Reviewed by: acute T-cell lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL) cells. We further demonstrate that Notch1 Bo Li, Sun Yat-sen University, China transcriptional complexes directly bind the Rag1 and Rag2 locus in not only T-ALL Peng Li, but also primary double negative (DN) T-cell progenitors. Specifically, dimeric Notch1 Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine transcriptional complexes activate Rag1 and Rag2 through a novel cis-element bearing and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences (CAS), China a sequence-paired site (SPS). In T-ALL and DN cells, dimerization-defective Notch1 *Correspondence: causes compromised Rag1 and Rag2 expression; conversely, dimerization-competent Guoliang Qing Notch1 achieves optimal upregulation of both. Collectively, these results reveal Notch1 [email protected] Hudan Liu dimerization-mediated transcription as one of the mechanisms for activating Rag1 and [email protected] Rag2 expression in both primary and transformed thymocytes. -
The Phylogeny of Ray-Finned Fish (Actinopterygii) As a Case Study Chenhong Li University of Nebraska-Lincoln
View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by The University of Nebraska, Omaha University of Nebraska at Omaha DigitalCommons@UNO Biology Faculty Publications Department of Biology 2007 A Practical Approach to Phylogenomics: The Phylogeny of Ray-Finned Fish (Actinopterygii) as a Case Study Chenhong Li University of Nebraska-Lincoln Guillermo Orti University of Nebraska-Lincoln Gong Zhang University of Nebraska at Omaha Guoqing Lu University of Nebraska at Omaha Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/biofacpub Part of the Aquaculture and Fisheries Commons, Biology Commons, and the Genetics and Genomics Commons Recommended Citation Li, Chenhong; Orti, Guillermo; Zhang, Gong; and Lu, Guoqing, "A Practical Approach to Phylogenomics: The hP ylogeny of Ray- Finned Fish (Actinopterygii) as a Case Study" (2007). Biology Faculty Publications. 16. https://digitalcommons.unomaha.edu/biofacpub/16 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Biology at DigitalCommons@UNO. It has been accepted for inclusion in Biology Faculty Publications by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@UNO. For more information, please contact [email protected]. BMC Evolutionary Biology BioMed Central Methodology article Open Access A practical approach to phylogenomics: the phylogeny of ray-finned fish (Actinopterygii) as a case study Chenhong Li*1, Guillermo Ortí1, Gong Zhang2 and Guoqing Lu*3 Address: 1School of Biological Sciences, University -
RAG2 Gene Recombination Activating 2
RAG2 gene recombination activating 2 Normal Function The RAG2 gene provides instructions for making a member of a group of proteins called the RAG complex. This complex is active in immune system cells (lymphocytes) called B cells and T cells. These cells have special proteins on their surface that recognize foreign invaders and help protect the body from infection. These proteins need to be diverse to be able to recognize a wide variety of substances. The genes from which these proteins are made contain segments known as variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) segments. During protein production within lymphocytes, these gene segments are rearranged in different combinations to increase variability of the resulting proteins. The RAG complex is involved in this process, which is known as V(D)J recombination. During V(D)J recombination, the RAG complex attaches (binds) to a section of DNA called a recombination signal sequence (RSS), which is next to a V, D, or J segment. The RAG complex makes small cuts in the DNA between the segment and the RSS so the segment can be separated and moved to a different area in the gene. This process of DNA rearrangement within B cells and T cells is repeated multiple times in different areas so that the V, D, and J segments are arranged in various combinations. The variety of proteins produced throughout life following V(D)J recombination provides greater recognition of foreign invaders and allows the body to fight infection efficiently. Health Conditions Related to Genetic Changes Omenn syndrome More than 20 mutations in the RAG2 gene have been found to cause an immune system disorder called Omenn syndrome. -
Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Application
Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) Application SUMMARY INFORMATION Name/Title of the Agricultural Heritage System: Osaki Kōdo‟s Traditional Water Management System for Sustainable Paddy Agriculture Requesting Agency: Osaki Region, Miyagi Prefecture (Osaki City, Shikama Town, Kami Town, Wakuya Town, Misato Town (one city, four towns) Requesting Organization: Osaki Region Committee for the Promotion of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems Members of Organization: Osaki City, Shikama Town, Kami Town, Wakuya Town, Misato Town Miyagi Prefecture Furukawa Agricultural Cooperative Association, Kami Yotsuba Agricultural Cooperative Association, Iwadeyama Agricultural Cooperative Association, Midorino Agricultural Cooperative Association, Osaki Region Water Management Council NPO Ecopal Kejonuma, NPO Kabukuri Numakko Club, NPO Society for Shinaimotsugo Conservation , NPO Tambo, Japanese Association for Wild Geese Protection Tohoku University, Miyagi University of Education, Miyagi University, Chuo University Responsible Ministry (for the Government): Ministry of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries The geographical coordinates are: North latitude 38°26’18”~38°55’25” and east longitude 140°42’2”~141°7’43” Accessibility of the Site to Capital City of Major Cities ○Prefectural Capital: Sendai City (closest station: JR Sendai Station) ○Access to Prefectural Capital: ・by rail (Tokyo – Sendai) JR Tohoku Super Express (Shinkansen): approximately 2 hours ※Access to requesting area: ・by rail (closest station: JR Furukawa -
Disease of Aquatic Organisms 138:29
Vol. 138: 29–33, 2020 DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS Published online February 13 https://doi.org/10.3354/dao03446 Dis Aquat Org NOTE Rare neural crest tumor in teleost species: olfactory neuroblastoma in a spotted pike-characin Boulengerella maculata Amelia C. Gould1, Martin Haulena1,*, Michael Pawlik2, Véronique LePage3, Augustin Mareschal4, Michael R. M. Manalang1, Heindrich Snyman2 1Vancouver Aquarium and Marine Science Centre, Vancouver, BC V6G 3E2, Canada 2Animal Health Center, Abbotsford, BC V3G 2M3, Canada 3University of Guelph Animal Health Laboratory, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada 4Canada West Veterinary Specialists, Vancouver, BC V5M 4Y3, Canada ABSTRACT: One spotted pike-characin Boulengerella maculata, managed in a public display aquarium for 7 yr, developed a small unilateral pink growth associated with the right nare. The growth eventually extended through both nares after 5 mo. B. maculata is a species of piscivorous fish that relies on visual acuity when hunting prey. The rapidly-growing bilateral tumor would have impeded vision if left untreated. The fish was managed for over 10 mo using only surgical debulking, topical liquid nitrogen, and occasional nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medications as needed to reduce tumor size and restore sight. Diagnosis proved challenging due to superimposed inflammation, neoplasm cellular inconsistencies, and a lack of proven immunohistochemical stains or other diagnostic stains. Using tumor location and appearance, histopathology, advanced imaging, electron microscopy, special staining, and immunohistochemistry, the ultimate diagnosis confirmed olfactory neuroblastoma, or esthesioneuroblastoma. Although long-term prognosis is poor, hunting strategy of the affected species may dictate quality of life, as appetite, body condi- tion, and behavior remained largely unchanged in this animal until time of euthanasia.