Konstruksi Makna Pageant Bagi Pria Di Kota Pekanbaru Yang Pernah Mengikuti Ajang Male Pageant Dalam Perspektif Fenomenologi

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Konstruksi Makna Pageant Bagi Pria Di Kota Pekanbaru Yang Pernah Mengikuti Ajang Male Pageant Dalam Perspektif Fenomenologi KONSTRUKSI MAKNA PAGEANT BAGI PRIA DI KOTA PEKANBARU YANG PERNAH MENGIKUTI AJANG MALE PAGEANT DALAM PERSPEKTIF FENOMENOLOGI Oleh: Dira Rawina Windasari Email: [email protected] Pembimbing: Dr. Noor Efni Salam, M.Si Jurusan Ilmu Komunikasi-Konsentrasi Hubungan Masyarakat Fakultas Ilmu Soisal dan Ilmu Politik Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru Kampus Bina Widya Jl. HR. Soebrantas Km. 12,5 Simpang Baru Pekanbaru 28293 Telp/Fax. 0761-63272 ABSTRACT The emergence of pageant is a new phenomenon in Indonesia that has attracted the interest of productive Indonesians to follow. The pageant event is identical as a beauty event that is for women. Along with the development of the era of modernization, gender equality is increasingly widespread to achieve an achievement began popping special pageant event for men called the male pageant. The development of the pageant`s male event itself is already visible in Pekanbaru City. It can be seen from the start of the number of male pageant event ever held in this city. This study aims to find out how the motives of men in Pekanbaru follow the male pageant, and how they interpret the pageant event itself. This research uses qualitative research method with phenomenology approach. Research subjects consisted of 4 men in Pekanbaru City who had followed the male pageant event chosen using snowball technique. Data collection is done through in-depth interviews, observation and documentation. To test the validity of the data the author using the method of extension of participation and triangulation. The result of this research shows that male motive in Pekanbaru City follows the male pageant consisting of past motive (because motive) and future motive (in order to motive). The motives of the past (because Motive) men in Pekanbaru follow the pageant's male event is (1) family motivation (2) boast of the parents (3) measure the self-tray (4) add activity. While the motive of the future (in order to motive) men in Pekanbaru follow the pageant male event is (1) to increase experience and insight (2) career supporters (3) to increase the relationship. Meaning pageant which is interpreted by man in Pekanbaru City who ever follow the pageant male event is (1) event of self development (2) positive event (3) event that becomes role model. Keyword: meaning construction, pageant, male pageant, motive JOM FISIP Vol. 5: Edisi II Juli – Desember 2018 Page 1 PENDAHULUAN Wujud nyata dari dari ajang ini Kemunculan pageant tidak hanya diikuti oleh perempuan merupakan sebuah fenomena baru di saja tetapi juga terdapat kontes sejenis Indonesia yang berhasil menarik minat yang diperuntukan bagi pria adalah masyarakat Indonesia berusia apabila di kontes lokal kita akan produktif tidak hanya perempuan menemui berbagai ajang duta wisata tetapi juga laki- laki untuk seperti bujang dara dan abang none. mengikutinya. Pageant itu sendiri Lalu, ditingkat nasional, kita akan sebenarnya berasal dari bahasa inggris melihat keberagaman female pageant yang berarti pawai sejarah atau mulai putri Indonesia dan miss pertunjukan yang indah. Namun Indonesia. Sedangkan di tingkat male pageant yang akan dibahas disini pageant kita mengenal adanya LOTY adalah suatu kontes kecantikan dan (L-Men of the year), BOC (body ketampanan. Pageant itu sendiri contest), dan coverboy. Diajang biasanya diidentikkan sebagai sebuah internasional sendiri kita akan ajang khusus bagi perempuan untuk menemui banyak hal yang lebih menampilkan 3B yaitu brave, beauty beragam lagi. Di female pageant kita dan behavior. Namun bila kita melihat tahu adanya miss world, miss universe, pada sisi lain di era modernisasi jaman miss international, miss supranational, sekarang, kesetaraan gender mulai miss earth, miss tourism. Sedangkan meluas untuk bersaing untuk mencapai untuk kategori male pageant terdapat sebuah prestasi. Hal tersebut terlihat mister world, mister internasional, dari mulai banyaknya pria yang miss universe model & manhunt mampu melakukan profesi yang internasional. (Sumber: kebanyakan di lakukan oleh wanita http://www.indonesianpageants.com seperti koki, perias wajah dan diakses 23 September 2017) sebagainya. Kontes male pageant itu Ketertarikan penulis berawal sendiri pertama kali diadakan di dari penulis mengikuti sebuah pageant Singapura pada tahun 1993 yang mana lokal yaitu pemilihan Bujang Dara kontes tersebut bernama Manhunt Kota Pekanbaru. Penulis menemukan International. Setelah itu mulai banyak pria yang turut serta dalam bermunculan kontes serupa seperti ajang ini bahkan peserta pria lebih Mister World, Mister International, antusias dalam mempersiapkan diri Mister Global, Mister Universal dibandingkan peserta perempuan. Ambassador, Mister Grand Pekerjaan mereka bermacam-macam, Internasional dan lain sebagainya. ada yang berprofesi sebagai Perkembangan male pageant itu mahasiswa, pelajar, penyiar radio, sendiri sudah sampai di Indonesia. Hal bahkan ada yang berprofesi sebagai tersebut juga terlihat dari munculnya pengajar les vocal. Sehingga muncul ajang tersebut pada tahun 2004 yaitu pertanyaan di benak penulis apa L-Men Of The Year yang diadakan sebenarnya motif mereka sebagai pria oleh salah satu produsen susu untuk mengikuti ajang seperti ini. bernutrisi bagi pria. Setelah itu JOM FISIP Vol. 5: Edisi II Juli – Desember 2018 Page 2 muncullah ajang male pageant turunan Kota Pekanbaru sendiri pria dari kontes Internasional yang yang mengikuti kontes male pageant diperuntukkan bagi pria di suatu sendiri sudah banyak. Hal tersebut negara yang mana pemenangnya akan terlihat adanya wakil dari Kota mewakili negara tersebut diajang Pekanbaru yang mengikuti ajang male Internasional. Adapaun kontes male pageant. Salah satunya adalah Dedi pageant yang pernah di selenggarakan Sagita yang menjadi key informan di Indonesia seperti Mister Universal dalam penelitian ini. Dedi mengikuti Ambassador, Mister Indonesia, Mister ajang mister teen indonesia riau tahun Teen Indonesia, Mister Asia Indonesia 2015 dan berhasil meraih top 10, best dan sebagainya. interview, dan top 3 best marketing Mulai banyaknya jenis male skill. pageant yang dapat diikuti hal tersebut Namun ada pula beberapa menunjukkan male pageant sudah pandangan yang mengatakan bahwa berkembang di Indonesia dan mulai pria yang mengikuti ajang male banyak peminatnya. Bahkan Indonesia pageant ini biasanya mereka pada tahun 2016 sudah membuat satu diidentikkan dengan laki laki jenis male pageant yaitu Mr. Universal metroseksusal, penyuka sesama jenis, Ambassador. Terdapat beberapa dan istilah lain yang negatif. Hal kotegori penilaian dalam ajang male tersebut tidak terlepas dari penampilan pageant ini yaitu psikotest, talent mereka yang rata-rata memiliki tubuh competition, photo shoot, speech atletis, putih, bersih, terawat dan contest, dan interview secara personal. berpenampilan klimis dan rapi. Banyak pria-pria di Indonesia Informan pada penelitian ini juga memiliki sumber daya yang bagus dan merasakan pandangan negatif tersebut pantas untuk turut serta dalam ajang dari orang-orang disekitar mereka. male pageant ini bahkan ada juga yang Seperti yang diungkapkan oleh menjadi pemenangnya dan menjadi Selain itu, kurangnya sorotan pemenang di ajang internasional. media terutama media televisi untuk Jika kontes perempuan cantik menyiarkan setiap kompetisi male sejagad identik dengan 3B, maka pada pageant. Bandingkan dengan ajang kontes male pageant identik dengan female pageant seperti Putri Indonesia, wajah tampan, tubuh ideal dan Miss Indonesia, Dan Putri Muslimah wawasan yang luas. Perbedaannya yang malam puncaknya selalu di terletak pada nuansa maskulinitas. siarkan di televisi membuat ajang male Kebanyakan kriteria kontes male pageant kurang terpublikasikan Pageant tidak hanya tampan tetapi padahal ajang ini sudah melahirkan harus bisa menjadi role model , pria pemenang yang mampu berkompetisi yang mempunyai gaya hidup sehat dan di ajang serupa dalam tingkat menjadi contoh yang baik (Sumber: Internasional. Hal ini juga semakin lifestyle.kompas.com/2013/06/28/1404 menguatkan stigma atau anggapan di 312/ganteng.syarat.jadi.mister.int masyarakat bahwa ajang pageant atau diakses 18 Mei 2017). kontes kecantikan ini hanya untuk JOM FISIP Vol. 5: Edisi II Juli – Desember 2018 Page 3 perempuan saja karena banyak yang konstruksi makna yang di bentuk oleh diekspose oleh media adalah ajang masyarakat. Konstruksi makna adalah female pageant. sebuah proses saat individu mengatur Pernah Sekali waktu kontes dan mengintepretasikan kesan-kesan male pageant di siarkan di media TV, mereka guna memberikan arti bagi yaitu L-Men Of The Year pada tahun lingkungan mereka. Pemaknaan yang 2011 dan 2014. Kontes ini disiarkan dimiliki oleh pria yang mengikuti oleh Trans TV dan Trans 7. Setelah itu ajang male pageant saat ini tidaklah jarang sekali kita lihat kontes male sama. Banyak pemahaman yang ada pageant serupa yang kembali dalam pemikiran seseorang. ditayangkan oleh media TV, yang Pemahaman yang salah akan banyak disiarkan oleh stasiun TV memberikan dampak yang tidak baik adalah kontes female pageant seperti bagi dirinya sendiri. Dalam memaknai Puteri Indonesia, Miss Indonesia, suatu hal, individu diperlukan Puteri Muslimah. (Sumber: memiliki dasar yang dijadikan sebuah http://www.lmen.com/malam-puncak- nilai dalam mendorong individu untuk l-men-of-the-year-2014-invincible/ mengkonstruksi sebuah makna. diakses pada 12 Maret 2017) Penelitian sejenis terdahulu Menurut Allan dan Barbara yang dilakukan oleh Afryani Lolyna (2008:313) kontes ratu dunia menjelaskan bahwa ada beberapa mengundang begitu banyak pemirsa alasan
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