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(Coregonus Lavaretus (L.)) Caused by Competitor Invasion
Speciation Reversal in European Whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus (L.)) Caused by Competitor Invasion Shripathi Bhat1*, Per-Arne Amundsen1, Rune Knudsen1, Karl Øystein Gjelland3, Svein-Erik Fevolden1, Louis Bernatchez2, Kim Præbel1 1 Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway, 2 Institut de Biologie Inte´grative et des Syste`mes (IBIS), Universite´ Laval, Que´bec, Canada, 3 Norwegian Institute for Nature Research, Tromsø, Norway Abstract Invasion of exotic species has caused the loss of biodiversity and imparts evolutionary and ecological changes in the introduced systems. In northern Fennoscandia, European whitefish (Coregonus lavaretus (L.)) is a highly polymorphic species displaying adaptive radiations into partially reproductively isolated and thus genetically differentiated sympatric morphs utilizing the planktivorous and benthivorous food niche in many lakes. In 1993, Lake Skrukkebukta was invaded by vendace (Coregonus albula (L.)) which is a zooplanktivorous specialist. The vendace displaced the densely rakered whitefish from its preferred pelagic niche to the benthic habitat harbouring the large sparsely rakered whitefish. In this study, we investigate the potential influence of the vendace invasion on the breakdown of reproductive isolation between the two whitefish morphs. We inferred the genotypic and phenotypic differentiation between the two morphs collected at the arrival (1993) and 15 years after (2008) the vendace invasion using 16 microsatellite loci and gill raker numbers, the most distinctive adaptive phenotypic trait between them. The comparison of gill raker number distributions revealed two modes growing closer over 15 years following the invasion. Bayesian analyses of genotypes revealed that the two genetically distinct whitefish morphs that existed in 1993 had collapsed into a single population in 2008. -
First Record of a Coregonid Fish Species, Coregenus Albula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) in Aktaş Lake Shared Between Turkey and Georgia
J. Black Sea/Mediterranean Environment Vol. 25, No. 3: 325-332 (2019) SHORT COMMUNICATION First record of a coregonid fish species, Coregenus albula (Linnaeus, 1758) (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) in Aktaş Lake shared between Turkey and Georgia Sedat V. Yerli Department of Biology, Hacettepe University, SAL, Beytepe, Ankara, TURKEY Corresponding author: [email protected] Abstract The genus Coregenus (Salmoniformes: Salmonidae) was recently considered not to be represented in Turkey. European cisco or vendace, Coregonus albula (Linnaeus, 1758) was reported for the first time for Turkey in this article with fifteen samples in Aktaş Lake, Ardahan. This species should be added to the checklist of Turkish fish fauna. Turkish name is proposed as “Akbalık” for this species. Keywords: Coregonus albula, first record, Aktaş Lake, Kartsakhi, alkaline lake, Georgia, Turkey Received: 30.10.2019, Accepted: 26.11.2019 Vendace or European cisco Coregonus albula (Linnaeus, 1758) is a native species for northern Europe. Berg (1948) reported the distribution of this species its morphological measurements in the former USSR and adjacent countries. Froese and Pauly (2019) summarized the natural distribution of vendace as Baltic basin, several lakes of upper Volga drainage; some lakes of White Sea basin and North Sea basin east of Elbe drainage; anadromous in Gulf of Finland and marine in northernmost freshened part of Gulf of Bothnia between Finland and Sweden; in Lake Inari, northern Finland; lower Rhine (now extirpated). The vendace was introduced, intentionally in some countries in Europe and United States of America. Vendace was introduced in 1959, 1982-1987 in the Irtysh River Basin and in 1960-61 in Lake Balkhash in Kazakhstan (Mitrofanov and Petr 1999). -
Spawning and Early Life History of Mountain Whitefish in The
SPAWNING AND EARLY LIFE HISTORY OF MOUNTAIN WHITEFISH IN THE MADISON RIVER, MONTANA by Jan Katherine Boyer A thesis submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Science in Fish and Wildlife Management MONTANA STATE UNIVERSITY Bozeman, Montana January 2016 © COPYRIGHT by Jan Katherine Boyer 2016 All Rights Reserved ii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS First, I thank my advisor, Dr. Christopher Guy, for challenging me and providing advice throughout every stage of this project. I also thank my committee members, Dr. Molly Webb and Dr. Tom McMahon, for guidance and suggestions which greatly improved this research. My field technicians Jordan Rowe, Greg Hill, and Patrick Luckenbill worked hard through fair weather and snowstorms to help me collect the data presented here. I also thank Travis Horton, Pat Clancey, Travis Lohrenz, Tim Weiss, Kevin Hughes, Rick Smaniatto, and Nick Pederson of Montana Fish, Wildlife and Parks for field assistance and advice. Mariah Talbott, Leif Halvorson, and Eli Cureton of the U. S. Fish and Wildlife Service assisted with field and lab work. Richard Lessner and Dave Brickner at the Madison River Foundation helped to secure funding for this project and conduct outreach in the Madison Valley. The Channels Ranch, Valley Garden Ranch, Sun West Ranch, and Galloup’s Slide Inn provided crucial land and river access. I also thank my fellow graduate students both for advice on project and class work and for being excellent people to spend time with. Ann Marie Reinhold, Mariah Mayfield, David Ritter, and Peter Brown were especially helpful during the early stages of this project. -
Evolutionary Genomics of a Plastic Life History Trait: Galaxias Maculatus Amphidromous and Resident Populations
EVOLUTIONARY GENOMICS OF A PLASTIC LIFE HISTORY TRAIT: GALAXIAS MACULATUS AMPHIDROMOUS AND RESIDENT POPULATIONS by María Lisette Delgado Aquije Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at Dalhousie University Halifax, Nova Scotia August 2021 Dalhousie University is located in Mi'kma'ki, the ancestral and unceded territory of the Mi'kmaq. We are all Treaty people. © Copyright by María Lisette Delgado Aquije, 2021 I dedicate this work to my parents, María and José, my brothers JR and Eduardo for their unconditional love and support and for always encouraging me to pursue my dreams, and to my grandparents Victoria, Estela, Jesús, and Pepe whose example of perseverance and hard work allowed me to reach this point. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES ............................................................................................................ vii LIST OF FIGURES ........................................................................................................... ix ABSTRACT ...................................................................................................................... xii LIST OF ABBREVIATION USED ................................................................................ xiii ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ................................................................................................ xv CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................... 1 1.1 Galaxias maculatus .................................................................................................. -
Common Reed for Thatching in Northern Germany: Estimating the Market Potential of Reed of Regional Origin
resources Article Common Reed for Thatching in Northern Germany: Estimating the Market Potential of Reed of Regional Origin Lea Becker, Sabine Wichmann and Volker Beckmann * Faculty of Law and Economics & Institute of Botany and Landscape Ecology, University of Greifswald, Soldmannstr. 15, D-17489 Greifswald, Germany; [email protected] (L.B.); [email protected] (S.W.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +49-3834-420-4122 Received: 1 October 2020; Accepted: 12 December 2020; Published: 16 December 2020 Abstract: Reed has a long tradition as locally available thatching material, but nowadays thatch is a globally traded commodity. Germany and other major importing countries such as the Netherlands, the United Kingdom, and Denmark rely on high import rates to meet the national consumption. This study aimed at providing a detailed picture of the thatching reed market in Northern Germany and at assessing the market potential for reed of regional origin. A written survey among all thatchers in Northern Germany was carried out in 2019, arriving at an effective sample of 47 out of 141 companies. The results revealed that for the responding companies the majority of the reed (59%) was used for rethatching roofs completely, 24% for newly constructed roofs, and 17% for roof repairs. Reed from Germany held a low share of 17% of the total consumption in 2018. Own reed harvesting was conducted by less than 9% of the responding companies and given up during the last decades by another 26%. The total market volume of reed for thatching in Northern Germany was estimated for 2018 with a 95% confidence interval at 3 0.8 million bundles of reed with a monetary value at ± sales prices of ¿11.6 2.8 million. -
Coregonus Lavaretus Complex 1.4 Alternative Species Scientific Name 1.5 Common Name (In National Language) Whitefish 2
European Community Directive on the Conservation of Natural Habitats and of Wild Fauna and Flora (92/43/EEC) Fourth Report by the United Kingdom under Article 17 on the implementation of the Directive from January 2013 to December 2018 Supporting documentation for the conservation status assessment for the species: S6353 ‐ WhitefishCoregonus ( lavaretus) SCOTLAND IMPORTANT NOTE ‐ PLEASE READ • The information in this document is a country‐level contribution to the UK Reporton the conservation status of this species, submitted to the European Commission aspart of the 2019 UK Reporting under Article 17 of the EU Habitats Directive. • The 2019 Article 17 UK Approach document provides details on how this supporting information was used to produce the UK Report. • The UK Report on the conservation status of this species is provided in a separate doc‐ ument. • The reporting fields and options used are aligned to those set out in the European Com‐ mission guidance. • Explanatory notes (where provided) by the country are included at the end. These pro‐ vide an audit trail of relevant supporting information. • Some of the reporting fields have been left blank because either: (i) there was insuffi‐ cient information to complete the field; (ii) completion of the field was not obligatory; (iii) the field was not relevant to this species (section 12 Natura 2000 coverage forAnnex II species) and/or (iv) the field was only relevant at UK‐level (sections 9 Future prospects and 10 Conclusions). • For technical reasons, the country‐level future trends for Range, Population and Habitat for the species are only available in a separate spreadsheet that contains all the country‐ level supporting information. -
Anthropogenic Hybridization Between Endangered Migratory And
Evolutionary Applications Evolutionary Applications ISSN 1752-4571 ORIGINAL ARTICLE Anthropogenic hybridization between endangered migratory and commercially harvested stationary whitefish taxa (Coregonus spp.) Jan Dierking,1 Luke Phelps,1,2 Kim Præbel,3 Gesine Ramm,1,4 Enno Prigge,1 Jost Borcherding,5 Matthias Brunke6 and Christophe Eizaguirre1,* 1 Research Division Marine Ecology, Research Unit Evolutionary Ecology of Marine Fishes, GEOMAR Helmholtz Centre for Ocean Research, Kiel, Germany 2 Department of Evolutionary Ecology, Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Biology, Plon,€ Germany 3 Department of Arctic and Marine Biology, Faculty of Biosciences Fisheries and Economics, University of Tromsø, Tromsø, Norway 4 Faculty of Science, University of Copenhagen, Frederiksberg, Denmark 5 General Ecology & Limnology, Ecological Research Station Grietherbusch, Zoological Institute of the University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany 6 Landesamt fur€ Landwirtschaft, Umwelt und landliche€ Raume€ (LLUR), Flintbek, Germany * Present address: School of Biological and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK Keywords Abstract admixture, anadromous fish, conservation, evolutionarily significant unit, gill raker, Natural hybridization plays a key role in the process of speciation. However, introgression, stocking anthropogenic (human induced) hybridization of historically isolated taxa raises conservation issues. Due to weak barriers to gene flow and the presence of endan- Correspondence gered taxa, the whitefish species complex is an -
Genetic Research on Commercially Exploited Fish Species in Nordic Countries
Genetic research on commercially exploited fish species in Nordic countries Jens Olsson, Teija Aho, Ann-Britt Florin, Anssi Vainikka, Dorte Bekkevold, Johan Dannewitz, Kjetil Hindar, Marja-Liisa Kol- jonen, Linda Laikre, Eyðfinn Magnussen, and Snæbjörn Pálsson. TemaNord 2007:542 Genetic research on commercially exploited fish species in Nordic countries TemaNord 2007:542 © Nordic Council of Ministers, Copenhagen 2007 ISBN 978-92-893-1508-1 This publication can be ordered on www.norden.org/order. Other Nordic publications are available at www.norden.org/publications Nordic Council of Ministers Nordic Council Store Strandstræde 18 Store Strandstræde 18 DK-1255 Copenhagen K DK-1255 Copenhagen K Phone (+45) 3396 0200 Phone (+45) 3396 0400 Fax (+45) 3396 0202 Fax (+45) 3311 1870 www.norden.org Nordic cooperation Nordic cooperation is one of the world’s most extensive forms of regional collaboration, involving Denmark, Finland, Iceland, Norway, Sweden, and three autonomous areas: the Faroe Islands, Green- land, and Åland. Nordic cooperation has firm traditions in politics, the economy, and culture. It plays an important role in European and international collaboration, and aims at creating a strong Nordic community in a strong Europe. Nordic cooperation seeks to safeguard Nordic and regional interests and principles in the global community. Common Nordic values help the region solidify its position as one of the world’s most innovative and competitive. Content Preface............................................................................................................................... -
Lake Superior Food Web MENT of C
ATMOSPH ND ER A I C C I A N D A M E I C N O I S L T A R N A T O I I O T N A N U E .S C .D R E E PA M RT OM Lake Superior Food Web MENT OF C Sea Lamprey Walleye Burbot Lake Trout Chinook Salmon Brook Trout Rainbow Trout Lake Whitefish Bloater Yellow Perch Lake herring Rainbow Smelt Deepwater Sculpin Kiyi Ruffe Lake Sturgeon Mayfly nymphs Opossum Shrimp Raptorial waterflea Mollusks Amphipods Invasive waterflea Chironomids Zebra/Quagga mussels Native waterflea Calanoids Cyclopoids Diatoms Green algae Blue-green algae Flagellates Rotifers Foodweb based on “Impact of exotic invertebrate invaders on food web structure and function in the Great Lakes: NOAA, Great Lakes Environmental Research Laboratory, 4840 S. State Road, Ann Arbor, MI A network analysis approach” by Mason, Krause, and Ulanowicz, 2002 - Modifications for Lake Superior, 2009. 734-741-2235 - www.glerl.noaa.gov Lake Superior Food Web Sea Lamprey Macroinvertebrates Sea lamprey (Petromyzon marinus). An aggressive, non-native parasite that Chironomids/Oligochaetes. Larval insects and worms that live on the lake fastens onto its prey and rasps out a hole with its rough tongue. bottom. Feed on detritus. Species present are a good indicator of water quality. Piscivores (Fish Eaters) Amphipods (Diporeia). The most common species of amphipod found in fish diets that began declining in the late 1990’s. Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha). Pacific salmon species stocked as a trophy fish and to control alewife. Opossum shrimp (Mysis relicta). An omnivore that feeds on algae and small cladocerans. -
Coregonus Maraena) Ecological Risk Screening Summary
Maraena Whitefish (Coregonus maraena) Ecological Risk Screening Summary U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, April 2011 Revised, September 2014 and June 2017 Web Version, 09/14/2017 Image: E. Östman. Public domain. Available: http://eol.org/data_objects/26779416. (June 2017). 1 Native Range, and Status in the United States Native Range From Froese and Pauly (2017): “Europe: In the Baltic Sea: Swedish coast (including Bothnian Gulf, not in Gotland); in southern Baltic, extending from the Schlei to Gulf of Finland. Southeast North Sea Basin: Ems, Weser and Elbe drainages 1 and small rivers of Schleswig-Holstein and Denmark. Landlocked in several lakes in Poland, Sweden, and Russia.” Status in the United States From Neilson (2017): “Failed introduction.” “A shipment of 409 individuals from Lake Miedwie (formerly Madue Lake), Poland was stocked in Garnder Lake, Michigan in 1877 (Baird 1879; Todd 1983).” Means of Introductions in the United States From Neilson (2017): “Coregonus maraena, along with other species of Coregonus, was intentionally stocked as a food fish by the U.S. Fish Commission (Todd 1983). According to Baird (1879), 1,000 eggs of C. maraena were shipped from Poland to Michigan in 1877 and hatched in captivity at the State Hatching House in Detroit. A total of 409 of the young fish were stocked in Gardner Lake (Baird 1879; Todd 1983). Baird (1879) considered the stocking an experimental introduction of a European food fish.” Remarks From Neilson (2017): “There is much confusion regarding the identity of whitefish imported from Germany in the late 1800s by the U.S. Fish Commission, primarily due to the uncertain taxonomy and systematics of Coregonus (Kottelat and Freyhof 2007). -
Identification and Modelling of a Representative Vulnerable Fish Species for Pesticide Risk Assessment in Europe
Identification and Modelling of a Representative Vulnerable Fish Species for Pesticide Risk Assessment in Europe Von der Fakultät für Mathematik, Informatik und Naturwissenschaften der RWTH Aachen University zur Erlangung des akademischen Grades eines Doktors der Naturwissenschaften genehmigte Dissertation vorgelegt von Lara Ibrahim, M.Sc. aus Mazeraat Assaf, Libanon Berichter: Universitätsprofessor Dr. Andreas Schäffer Prof. Dr. Christoph Schäfers Tag der mündlichen Prüfung: 30. Juli 2015 Diese Dissertation ist auf den Internetseiten der Universitätsbibliothek online verfügbar Erklärung Ich versichere, dass ich diese Doktorarbeit selbständig und nur unter Verwendung der angegebenen Hilfsmittel angefertigt habe. Weiterhin versichere ich, die aus benutzten Quellen wörtlich oder inhaltlich entnommenen Stellen als solche kenntlich gemacht zu haben. Lara Ibrahim Aachen, am 18 März 2015 Zusammenfassung Die Zulassung von Pflanzenschutzmitteln in der Europäischen Gemeinschaft verlangt unter anderem eine Abschätzung des Risikos für Organismen in der Umwelt, die nicht Ziel der Anwendung sind. Unvertretbare Auswirkungen auf den Naturhalt sollen vermieden werden. Die ökologische Risikoanalyse stellt die dafür benötigten Informationen durch eine Abschätzung der Exposition der Organismen und der sich daraus ergebenden Effekte bereit. Die Effektabschätzung beruht dabei hauptsächlich auf standardisierten ökotoxikologischen Tests im Labor mit wenigen, oft nicht einheimischen Stellvertreterarten. In diesen Tests werden z. B. Effekte auf das Überleben, das Wachstum und/oder die Reproduktion von Fischen bei verschiedenen Konzentrationen der Testsubstanz gemessen und Endpunkte wie die LC50 (Lethal Concentrations for 50%) oder eine NOEC (No Observed Effect Concentration, z. B. für Wachstum oder Reproduktionsparameter) abgeleitet. Für Fische und Wirbeltiere im Allgemeinen beziehen sich die spezifischen Schutzziele auf das Überleben von Individuen und die Abundanz und Biomasse von Populationen. -
Distributional Ecology of the Cisco (Coregonus Artedii) in Indiana'
Distributional Ecology of the Cisco (Coregonus artedii) in Indiana' DAVID G. FREY Indiana University ABSTRACT The cisco is known with considerable certainty to occur in 41 lakes of northern Indiana, of which Shriner Lake at a latitude of 41° 14' N. is the southernmost known natural occurrence of the family Coregonidae. There are three and possibly more in- stances where lakes with cisco populations several decades ago no longer contain the species, presumably as a result of altered limnological conditions. The few recorded attempts at stocking the cisco in lakes in which they did not otherwise occur have apparently been quite uniformly unsuccessful, and it is concluded that the pre- Columbian distribution has not been extended by man's activities. The species generally occurs in the deep water of a lake in summer. As oxygen conditions become progressively more severe, the population is forced into the upper part of the hypolimnion, and finally into the lower or even the upper part of the thermocline. It is assumed in this paper that the species can tolerate water tempera- tures as high as 20° C., and an oxygen content as low as 3 ppm., or possibly even slightly • lower. As the species is forced progressively higher in the lake it comes into increas- ingly greater content with species of fish commonly occurring in the epilimnion, and may even be preyed upon by the bowfin and the northern pike. The summer bathymetric distribution of the species in several Indiana lakes was determined by means of gill nets, and in the other lakes it was inferred from the ex- tremes of temperature-oxygen stratification of summer.