DOCSLIB.ORG

Xen Virtualization: Xen (Source) and Xenserver

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Xen Virtualization: Xen (Source) and Xenserver Xen Virtualization: Xen (source) and XenServer An introduction to free and commercial methods of creating virtual servers by Mark Sallee, Sys Admin, NCAR Why Virtualization? Scenario: imagine that you have: an aging set of hardware soon to be retired a limited budget for hardware a need for an offsite or international server an interest to maximize use of new servers What is Xen? An open source industry standard for virtualization, created by the University of Cambridge Computer Laboratory A tool to consolidate physical servers into virtual machines Enables multiple virtual servers to run on a single physical server Each VM is isolated from other VMs and the host Can run in Paravirtualized (requires OS modifications) or fully virtualized mode VM migration allows you to decouple virtual servers from hardware, easily relocate to an alternative location or data center Increase CPU utilization – average CPU is only 10% used – and reduce power and cooling requirements Where is Xen used? ~ 20% of Data Centers are using Xen Nearly 100% of cloud computing on Xen Amazon’s Elastic Compute Cloud “EC2” service Included in distros Red Hat, SLES, Solaris, Debian though Red Hat has decided to move to KVM only Oracle VM is built on Xen Create a virtual machine with virt-manager SuSE, Red Hat: Virtual Machine Manager, Create VM xm commands xm create -c -f server1 xm shutdown server1 xm list xm destroy Citrix XenServer specs Citrix bought XenSource back in 1997 XenServer can make VM management easier: creates and provisions NAS storage manages virtual network connections handles live migration across server pools XenServer can make use of Up to 128 GB RAM Up to 6 NICs Up to 32 CPU cores 64 bit architecture Citrix XenServer Has free version that you can download requires a yearly re-register has no time- or per-server- use limits Has better virtual network card management than regular xen (snapshot next slide) Comes with a bank of OS templates ISOs for installing various operating systems For CLI, XenCenter uses ‘xe’ commands instead of ‘xm’ Convert existing physical machines to virtual with XenConvert tool: or convert from VMWare Booting a server from CD gives another way to convert Physical to Virtual XenServer virtual NICs VM migration Migrate virtual servers between different physical servers during maintenance to minimize downtime To enable migration on SLES Xen: requires editing of xend- config.sxp: xend-relocation-hosts-allow, xend-relocation-server, xend-relocation-port xm migrate --live <domain_name> <host> How to migrate a VM on XenServer: Right-click, Migrate to another server, select the destination Fully featured commercial version does automatic migrations to more available hardware pools for fault tolerance. XenServer Migrate OpenXenManager OpenXenManager (formerly OpenXenCenter) is a python- based Linux-compatible client to XenServer. Buggy, but does work for basic controls: start, stop, suspend, reboot, create virtual machines http://www.openxenmanager.com/ Storage and networking under Xen Block-file storage simulates a hard disk Storing hard disk images over SAN allows for migration dd if=/dev/zero of=/vm/hd.img bs=1M count=1 seek=80000 # for 80 GB file /etc/xen/vm/guest: disk=[ 'file:/vm/hd.img,xvda,w' ] Virtual network card splits one network connection into several; can have their own MAC addresses can do network bonding Xen networking References http://www.serverwatch.com/virtualization/article.php/3822191/VMware- Xen-Heat-Up-the-Cloud.htm Xen on Suse Linux: http://www.novell.com/linux/virtualization/ XenServer howtos: http://www.citrix.com http://www.docstoc.com/docs/413389/Virtualization-in-the-Data-Center No Xen in RHEL6: http://www.virtualizationpractice.com/blog/?p=5586 Mark’s blog post on Zimbra and XenServer: http://marksallee.wordpress.com/2010/03/16/zimbra-mail-on-xenserver- virtual-machines-iscsi/ Summary Xen helped our group to: provision more servers on existing hardware migrate virtual servers to other locations, requiring less rebuilds reduce downtime during hardware problems Learning curve was worth the effort .
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Effective Virtual CPU Configuration with QEMU and Libvirt
    Effective Virtual CPU Configuration with QEMU and libvirt Kashyap Chamarthy <[email protected]> Open Source Summit Edinburgh, 2018 1 / 38 Timeline of recent CPU flaws, 2018 (a) Jan 03 • Spectre v1: Bounds Check Bypass Jan 03 • Spectre v2: Branch Target Injection Jan 03 • Meltdown: Rogue Data Cache Load May 21 • Spectre-NG: Speculative Store Bypass Jun 21 • TLBleed: Side-channel attack over shared TLBs 2 / 38 Timeline of recent CPU flaws, 2018 (b) Jun 29 • NetSpectre: Side-channel attack over local network Jul 10 • Spectre-NG: Bounds Check Bypass Store Aug 14 • L1TF: "L1 Terminal Fault" ... • ? 3 / 38 Related talks in the ‘References’ section Out of scope: Internals of various side-channel attacks How to exploit Meltdown & Spectre variants Details of performance implications What this talk is not about 4 / 38 Related talks in the ‘References’ section What this talk is not about Out of scope: Internals of various side-channel attacks How to exploit Meltdown & Spectre variants Details of performance implications 4 / 38 What this talk is not about Out of scope: Internals of various side-channel attacks How to exploit Meltdown & Spectre variants Details of performance implications Related talks in the ‘References’ section 4 / 38 OpenStack, et al. libguestfs Virt Driver (guestfish) libvirtd QMP QMP QEMU QEMU VM1 VM2 Custom Disk1 Disk2 Appliance ioctl() KVM-based virtualization components Linux with KVM 5 / 38 OpenStack, et al. libguestfs Virt Driver (guestfish) libvirtd QMP QMP Custom Appliance KVM-based virtualization components QEMU QEMU VM1 VM2 Disk1 Disk2 ioctl() Linux with KVM 5 / 38 OpenStack, et al. libguestfs Virt Driver (guestfish) Custom Appliance KVM-based virtualization components libvirtd QMP QMP QEMU QEMU VM1 VM2 Disk1 Disk2 ioctl() Linux with KVM 5 / 38 libguestfs (guestfish) Custom Appliance KVM-based virtualization components OpenStack, et al.
    [Show full text]
  • A Virtual Machine Environment for Real Time Systems Laboratories
    AC 2007-904: A VIRTUAL MACHINE ENVIRONMENT FOR REAL-TIME SYSTEMS LABORATORIES Mukul Shirvaikar, University of Texas-Tyler MUKUL SHIRVAIKAR received the Ph.D. degree in Electrical and Computer Engineering from the University of Tennessee in 1993. He is currently an Associate Professor of Electrical Engineering at the University of Texas at Tyler. He has also held positions at Texas Instruments and the University of West Florida. His research interests include real-time imaging, embedded systems, pattern recognition, and dual-core processor architectures. At the University of Texas he has started a new real-time systems lab using dual-core processor technology. He is also the principal investigator for the “Back-To-Basics” project aimed at engineering student retention. Nikhil Satyala, University of Texas-Tyler NIKHIL SATYALA received the Bachelors degree in Electronics and Communication Engineering from the Jawaharlal Nehru Technological University (JNTU), India in 2004. He is currently pursuing his Masters degree at the University of Texas at Tyler, while working as a research assistant. His research interests include embedded systems, dual-core processor architectures and microprocessors. Page 12.152.1 Page © American Society for Engineering Education, 2007 A Virtual Machine Environment for Real Time Systems Laboratories Abstract The goal of this project was to build a superior environment for a real time system laboratory that would allow users to run Windows and Linux embedded application development tools concurrently on a single computer. These requirements were dictated by real-time system applications which are increasingly being implemented on asymmetric dual-core processors running different operating systems. A real time systems laboratory curriculum based on dual- core architectures has been presented in this forum in the past.2 It was designed for a senior elective course in real time systems at the University of Texas at Tyler that combines lectures along with an integrated lab.
    [Show full text]
  • Virtualization Getting Started Guide
    Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Virtualization Getting Started Guide Introduction to virtualization technologies available with RHEL Last Updated: 2020-02-24 Red Hat Enterprise Linux 7 Virtualization Getting Started Guide Introduction to virtualization technologies available with RHEL Jiri Herrmann Red Hat Customer Content Services [email protected] Yehuda Zimmerman Red Hat Customer Content Services [email protected] Dayle Parker Red Hat Customer Content Services Laura Novich Red Hat Customer Content Services Jacquelynn East Red Hat Customer Content Services Scott Radvan Red Hat Customer Content Services Legal Notice Copyright © 2019 Red Hat, Inc. This document is licensed by Red Hat under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License. If you distribute this document, or a modified version of it, you must provide attribution to Red Hat, Inc. and provide a link to the original. If the document is modified, all Red Hat trademarks must be removed. Red Hat, as the licensor of this document, waives the right to enforce, and agrees not to assert, Section 4d of CC-BY-SA to the fullest extent permitted by applicable law. Red Hat, Red Hat Enterprise Linux, the Shadowman logo, the Red Hat logo, JBoss, OpenShift, Fedora, the Infinity logo, and RHCE are trademarks of Red Hat, Inc., registered in the United States and other countries. Linux ® is the registered trademark of Linus Torvalds in the United States and other countries. Java ® is a registered trademark of Oracle and/or its affiliates. XFS ® is a trademark of Silicon Graphics International Corp. or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or other countries.
    [Show full text]
  • Understanding Full Virtualization, Paravirtualization, and Hardware Assist
    VMware Understanding Full Virtualization, Paravirtualization, and Hardware Assist Contents Introduction .................................................................................................................1 Overview of x86 Virtualization..................................................................................2 CPU Virtualization .......................................................................................................3 The Challenges of x86 Hardware Virtualization ...........................................................................................................3 Technique 1 - Full Virtualization using Binary Translation......................................................................................4 Technique 2 - OS Assisted Virtualization or Paravirtualization.............................................................................5 Technique 3 - Hardware Assisted Virtualization ..........................................................................................................6 Memory Virtualization................................................................................................6 Device and I/O Virtualization.....................................................................................7 Summarizing the Current State of x86 Virtualization Techniques......................8 Full Virtualization with Binary Translation is the Most Established Technology Today..........................8 Hardware Assist is the Future of Virtualization, but the Real Gains Have
    [Show full text]
  • Fortianalyzer VM Install Guide This Document, Which Describes Installing Fortianalyzer VM in Your Virtual Environment
    FortiAnalyzer VM - Install Guide VERSION 5.4 FORTINET DOCUMENT LIBRARY http://docs.fortinet.com FORTINET VIDEO GUIDE http://video.fortinet.com FORTINET BLOG https://blog.fortinet.com CUSTOMER SERVICE & SUPPORT https://support.fortinet.com FORTIGATE COOKBOOK http://cookbook.fortinet.com FORTINET TRAINING SERVICES http://www.fortinet.com/training FORTIGUARD CENTER http://www.fortiguard.com END USER LICENSE AGREEMENT http://www.fortinet.com/doc/legal/EULA.pdf FEEDBACK Email: [email protected] May 18, 2017 FortiAnalyzer VM 5.4 Install Guide 05-540-309958-20170518 TABLE OF CONTENTS Change Log 5 Introduction 6 FortiAnalyzer documentation 6 License and System Requirements 7 Licensing 7 Evaluation license 7 Minimum system requirements 8 Registration and Deployment 9 Register with Customer Service & Support 9 Deployment package 11 Deployment package contents 12 Deploying the appliance 13 Citrix XenServer deployment example 14 Create the virtual machine 14 Configure hardware settings 15 Start the virtual machine 17 Hyper-V deployment example 18 Create the virtual machine 18 Configure hardware settings 19 Start the virtual machine 23 KVM deployment example 24 Create the virtual machine 24 Configure hardware settings 26 Start the virtual machine 27 Open Xen deployment example 28 Create and configure the virtual machine 28 VMware deployment example 31 VMware vSphere 31 Deploy the OVF file 31 Configure hardware settings 34 Power on the virtual machine 35 Azure deployment example 37 Deploy the virtual machine 37 AWS deployment example 39 AWS Marketplace 1-Click Launch 39 AWS EC2 console 41 Initial Configuration 46 GUI access 46 Enable GUI access 46 Connect to the GUI 47 Upload the license file 48 Configure your FortiAnalyzer VM 48 Index 50 Change Log Change Log Date Change Description 2016-03-17 Initial release.
    [Show full text]
  • KVM Based Virtualization and Remote Management Srinath Reddy Pasunuru St
    St. Cloud State University theRepository at St. Cloud State Culminating Projects in Information Assurance Department of Information Systems 5-2018 KVM Based Virtualization and Remote Management Srinath Reddy Pasunuru St. Cloud State University, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/msia_etds Recommended Citation Pasunuru, Srinath Reddy, "KVM Based Virtualization and Remote Management" (2018). Culminating Projects in Information Assurance. 53. https://repository.stcloudstate.edu/msia_etds/53 This Starred Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Department of Information Systems at theRepository at St. Cloud State. It has been accepted for inclusion in Culminating Projects in Information Assurance by an authorized administrator of theRepository at St. Cloud State. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 1 KVM Based Virtualization and Remote Management by Srinath Reddy Pasunuru A Starred Paper Submitted to the Graduate Faculty of St. Cloud State University in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science in Information Assurance May, 2018 Starred Paper Committee Susantha Herath, Chairperson Ezzat Kirmani Sneh Kalia 2 Abstract In the recent past, cloud computing is the most significant shifts and Kernel Virtual Machine (KVM) is the most commonly deployed hypervisor which are used in the IaaS layer of the cloud computing systems. The Hypervisor is the one which provides the complete virtualization environment which will intend to virtualize as much as hardware and systems which will include the CPUs, Memory, network interfaces and so on. Because of the virtualization technologies such as the KVM and others such as ESXi, there has been a significant decrease in the usage if the resources and decrease in the costs involved.
    [Show full text]
  • Introduction to Virtualization Virtualization
    Introduction to Virtualization Prashant Shenoy Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 1 Virtualization • Virtualization: extend or replace an existing interface to mimic the behavior of another system. – Introduced in 1970s: run legacy software on newer mainframe hardware • Handle platform diversity by running apps in VMs – Portability and flexibility Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 2 Types of Interfaces • Different types of interfaces – Assembly instructions – System calls – APIs • Depending on what is replaced /mimiced, we obtain different forms of virtualization Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 3 Types of Virtualization • Emulation – VM emulates/simulates complete hardware – Unmodified guest OS for a different PC can be run • Bochs, VirtualPC for Mac, QEMU • Full/native Virtualization – VM simulates “enough” hardware to allow an unmodified guest OS to be run in isolation • Same hardware CPU – IBM VM family, VMWare Workstation, Parallels,… Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 4 Types of virtualization • Para-virtualization – VM does not simulate hardware – Use special API that a modified guest OS must use – Hypercalls trapped by the Hypervisor and serviced – Xen, VMWare ESX Server • OS-level virtualization – OS allows multiple secure virtual servers to be run – Guest OS is the same as the host OS, but appears isolated • apps see an isolated OS – Solaris Containers, BSD Jails, Linux Vserver • Application level virtualization – Application is gives its own copy of components that are not shared • (E.g., own registry files, global objects) - VE prevents conflicts – JVM Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 5 Examples • Application-level virtualization: “process virtual machine” • VMM /hypervisor Computer Science CS691D: Hot-OS Lecture 2, page 6 The Architecture of Virtual Machines J Smith and R.
    [Show full text]
  • Oracle® Linux Virtualization Manager Getting Started Guide
    Oracle® Linux Virtualization Manager Getting Started Guide F25124-11 September 2021 Oracle Legal Notices Copyright © 2019, 2021 Oracle and/or its affiliates. This software and related documentation are provided under a license agreement containing restrictions on use and disclosure and are protected by intellectual property laws. Except as expressly permitted in your license agreement or allowed by law, you may not use, copy, reproduce, translate, broadcast, modify, license, transmit, distribute, exhibit, perform, publish, or display any part, in any form, or by any means. Reverse engineering, disassembly, or decompilation of this software, unless required by law for interoperability, is prohibited. The information contained herein is subject to change without notice and is not warranted to be error-free. If you find any errors, please report them to us in writing. If this is software or related documentation that is delivered to the U.S. Government or anyone licensing it on behalf of the U.S. Government, then the following notice is applicable: U.S. GOVERNMENT END USERS: Oracle programs (including any operating system, integrated software, any programs embedded, installed or activated on delivered hardware, and modifications of such programs) and Oracle computer documentation or other Oracle data delivered to or accessed by U.S. Government end users are "commercial computer software" or "commercial computer software documentation" pursuant to the applicable Federal Acquisition Regulation and agency-specific supplemental regulations. As such, the use, reproduction, duplication, release, display, disclosure, modification, preparation of derivative works, and/or adaptation of i) Oracle programs (including any operating system, integrated software, any programs embedded, installed or activated on delivered hardware, and modifications of such programs), ii) Oracle computer documentation and/or iii) other Oracle data, is subject to the rights and limitations specified in the license contained in the applicable contract.
    [Show full text]
  • ZERTO VIRTUAL REPLICATION - PREREQUISITES & REQUIREMENTS for MICROSOFT HYPER-V ENVIRONMENTS ZVR-REH-5.5U3 Rev01 Dec2017
    ZERTO VIRTUAL REPLICATION - PREREQUISITES & REQUIREMENTS FOR MICROSOFT HYPER-V ENVIRONMENTS ZVR-REH-5.5U3 Rev01 Dec2017 Zerto Virtual Replication is installed in a site with virtual machines to be protected as well as in the site where these virtual machines will be recovered. This document describes Zerto Virtual Replication - Prerequisites and Requirements for Microsoft Hyper-V Environments. For the requirements of VMware, Microsoft Azure or AWS protected sites, go to myZerto > Technical Documentation portal. ■ The Zerto Virtual Replication installation includes: ■ A Zerto Virtual Manager (ZVM): This is a Windows service, and manages replication at the site level. ■ A Virtual Replication Appliance (VRA): This is a virtual machine installed on each Hyper-V host to move the data to be replicated from the protected to the recovery site. ■ A Virtual Backup Appliance (VBA): This is a Windows service and manages offsite backups within Zerto Virtual Replication on each site. The VBA service runs on the same machine as the Zerto Virtual Manager service. ■ Zerto Virtual Replication can be installed at multiple sites and each site can be paired to any other site. ■ Each site is managed with the Zerto User Interface. ■ Zerto Virtual Replication also supports both the protected and recovery sites being managed by one SCVMM, for small branch offices. For example, from one datacenter to another datacenter, both managed by the same SCVMM. See the following sections: ■ “For Each Zerto Virtual Replication Hyper-V Site”, on page 1 ■ “Considerations and Guidelines”, on page 2 ■ “For Virtual Replication Appliances on the Hyper-V Host”, on page 3 ■ “Routable Networks”, on page 3 ■ “Minimum Bandwidth”, on page 3 ■ “Requirements for the Zerto Virtual Manager Web Client”, on page 3 ■ “Recommended Best Practices for the Zerto Virtual Replication Hyper-V Site”, on page 4 ■ “Open Firewall Ports for Hyper-V Environments”, on page 5 For Each Zerto Virtual Replication Hyper-V Site ■ Microsoft System Center 2012 R2, or 2016 with VMM (SCVMM) and at least one Hyper-V host.
    [Show full text]
  • Virtualizationoverview
    VMWAREW H WHITEI T E PPAPERA P E R Virtualization Overview 1 VMWARE WHITE PAPER Table of Contents Introduction .............................................................................................................................................. 3 Virtualization in a Nutshell ................................................................................................................... 3 Virtualization Approaches .................................................................................................................... 4 Virtualization for Server Consolidation and Containment ........................................................... 7 How Virtualization Complements New-Generation Hardware .................................................. 8 Para-virtualization ................................................................................................................................... 8 VMware’s Virtualization Portfolio ........................................................................................................ 9 Glossary ..................................................................................................................................................... 10 2 VMWARE WHITE PAPER Virtualization Overview Introduction Virtualization in a Nutshell Among the leading business challenges confronting CIOs and Simply put, virtualization is an idea whose time has come. IT managers today are: cost-effective utilization of IT infrastruc- The term virtualization broadly describes the separation
    [Show full text]
  • Cisco Vwaas on Microsoft Hyper-V
    Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V This chapter describes how to use Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V, and contains the following sections: • About Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V, on page 1 • Supported Host Platforms, Software Versions, and Disk Type, on page 2 • System Requirements for Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V, on page 2 • Deployment Options for Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V, on page 3 • OVA Package Formats for vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V, on page 4 • Installing Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V, on page 6 • Activating and Registering vWAAS on Hyper-V, on page 8 • Traffic Interception Methods for Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V, on page 9 • Operating Guidelines for Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V, on page 11 • Configuring GPT Disk Format for vWAAS-50000 on Hyper-V with Akamai Connect, on page 14 About Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V Microsoft Hyper-V, available for Cisco vWAAS in WAAS Version 6.1.x and later, is a native hypervisor for x86_64 systems to enable platform virtualization. Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V extends Cisco networking benefits to Microsoft Windows Server Hyper-V deployments. It improves utilization, consolidates server workloads, and reduces costs. To achieve this, Cisco vWAAS on Hyper-V uses hardware virtualization to enable multiple operating systems to run on a single host, and allows the operating systems to share the same underlying physical hardware. Cisco vWAAS on Microsoft Hyper-V supports all the WAN-optimization functionalities that are supported by physical Cisco WAAS devices. Physical memory for Cisco vWAAS on Hyper-V is provided by a Cisco UCS server.
    [Show full text]
  • Oracle Virtualbox Installation, Setup, and Ubuntu Introduction
    ORACLE VIRTUALBOX INSTALLATION, SETUP, AND UBUNTU INTRODUCTION • VirtualBox is a hardware virtualization program. • Create virtual computers aka virtual machines. • Prototyping, sandboxing, testing. • The computer that VirtualBox is installed on is called the “host”, and each virtual machine is called a “guest”. PREREQUISITES Since virtual machines share resources with the host computer, we need to know what resources we have available on our host. • Click “Type here to search”. • Search for “System Information”. • Note the number of processor cores and the amount of RAM installed in your host. PREREQUISITES • Expand “Components”. • Expand “Storage”. • Select “Drives”. • Note the amount of free space available on your host. Every computer is different, so how we will need to balance these resources between our host and guest systems will differ. DOWNLOADING VIRTUALBOX • VISIT VIRTUALBOX.ORG • SELECT THE CORRECT PACKAGE • CLICK THE DOWNLOAD LINK. FOR YOUR HOST. INSTALLING VIRTUALBOX • Browse to where you downloaded VirtualBox and run the installer. • All default options will be fine. Simply follow the prompts. INSTALLING VIRTUALBOX • CLICK “FINISH”. • VIRTUALBOX INSTALLED! SETTING THINGS UP Before we build our first virtual machine, we need to download an operating system to install as our “guest”. • Visit Ubuntu.com • Click “Download”. • Select the current Ubuntu Desktop “LTS” release. • LTS releases focus on stability rather than cutting edge features. SETTING THINGS UP • IN VIRTUALBOX, CLICK “NEW”. • NAME THE VIRTUAL MACHINE. SETTING THINGS UP Here’s where we will need the system resources information that we looked up earlier. Each virtual machine functions like a separate computer in and of itself and will need to share RAM with the host.
    [Show full text]