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ABSTRACT the Main Feature of a Conventional Terraced Housing Development Is Rows of Rectangular Shaped Houses with the Narrow Fa
MAKING A RETURN ON INVESTMENT IN PASSIVE ARCHITECTURE TERRACED HOUSES DEVELOPMENT Wan Rahmah Mohd Zaki Universiti Teknologi Malaysia(UiTM) Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] Abdul Hadi Nawawi Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaQJiTM) Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] Sabarinah Sh Ahmad Universiti Teknologi MalaysiaQJiTM) Malaysia E-mail: [email protected] ABSTRACT The main feature of a conventional terraced housing development is rows of rectangular shaped houses with the narrow facade as the frontage. Consequently, this limits natural cross ventilation and daylight penetration into the middle of the houses; and cause for unnecessary energy consumption on mechanical cooling and artijicial lighting to make the living spaces comfortable for occupants. Such inconsideration is mainly attributed to the optimum configuration of houses which offers the most economic return desired by the developer. Passive Architecture (PA) design strategies can make terraced houses more conducive for occupants as well as gives reasonable returns to the developer. The idea is demonstrated on a hypothetical double storeys terraced scheme in a 2.5 acre site whereby it is transformed intofour types of PA terraced houses development. The Return on Invesfment of the PA terraced houses is ascertained for two situations, ie., (i) fwed sales price for all types of house; and (ii) added premium to PA terraced houses due to the positive unintended effects such as low density housing, etc. If critical criteria for demand and supply in housing remain constant, it is found that PA terraced housing development offers competitive returns to the developer relative to the returns for conventional terraced housing scheme. Keyworh: Orientation, Indoor Comfort and Operational Energy 1.0 INTRODUCTION 1.1 Housing and Energy The recent public awareness on sustainability calls for housing to not only serves as a basic shelter but also to be energy efficient, i.e., designed to make occupants need low operational energy. -
Estimating Parking Utilization in Multi-Family Residential Buildings in Washington, D.C
1 Estimating Parking Utilization in Multi-Family Residential Buildings in Washington, D.C. 2 3 Jonathan Rogers 4 Corresponding Author 5 District Department of Transportation 6 55 M Street SE 7 Washington, DC 20003 8 Tel: 202-671-3022; Fax: 202-671-0617; Email: [email protected] 9 10 Dan Emerine 11 D.C. Office of Planning 12 1100 4th Street SW, Suite E560 13 Washington, DC 20024 14 Tel: 202-442-8812; Fax: 202-442-7638 ; Email: [email protected] 15 16 Peter Haas 17 Center for Neighborhood Technology 18 2125 W. North Ave. 19 Chicago, Il 60647 20 Tel.: 773-269-4034; Fax: 773-278-3840; Email: [email protected] 21 22 David Jackson 23 Cambridge Systematics, Inc. 24 4800 Hampden Lane, Suite 800 25 Bethesda, MD 20901 26 Tel: 301-347-9108; Fax: 301-347-0101; Email: [email protected] 27 28 Peter Kauffmann 29 Gorove/Slade Associates, Inc. 30 1140 Connecticut Avenue, NW, Suite 600 31 Washington, DC 20036 32 Tel: 202-296-8625; Fax: 202-785-1276; Email: [email protected] 33 34 Rick Rybeck 35 Just Economics, LLC 36 1669 Columbia Rd., NW, Suite 116 37 Washington, DC 20009 38 Tel: 202-439-4176; Fax: 202-265-1288; Email: [email protected] 39 40 Ryan Westrom 41 District Department of Transportation 42 55 M Street SE 43 Washington, DC 20003 44 Tel: 202-671-2041; Fax: 202-671-0617; Email: [email protected] 45 46 Word count: 5,468 words text + 8 tables/figures x 250 words (each) = 7,468 words 1 Submission Date: November 13, 2015 1 ABSTRACT 2 The District Department of Transportation and the District of Columbia Office of Planning 3 recently led a research effort to understand how parking utilization in multi-family residential 4 buildings is related to neighborhood and building characteristics. -
20.17.000 Building Size and Floor Area Regulations
20.17.000 BUILDING SIZE AND FLOOR AREA REGULATIONS 20.17.010 MINIMUM REQUIRED. Any building intended in whole or part for residential purposes shall provide a minimum floor area, and basement or utility area as hereinafter specified by the regulations for the District in which such building is located. A. The minimum floor requirement for residential use shall be based upon the number of bedrooms, as defined by the Building Code, and total rooms, as defined by the Building Code exclusive of bathrooms, and is stated in terms of the total useable residential floor area required per family on a single floor level. B. In any district which requires minimum floor area for purposes and an attached garage requirement (sic), the district may credit a portion of the garage area toward the required minimum floor area. Carports shall not be so credited nor garages built at a basement level. C. In the case of any residential building which has more than a single floor level, the total of all liveable floor area which is not over any other liveable floor area shall be called the First Floor Area, and shall conform to the required minimum total floor area, except that the required First Floor Area may be reduced, to any further minimum as established and in proportion to an increase in total liveable floor area as set forth in the individual district regulations. 1. The individual district regulations may allow that a percentage of any such increase in total liveable floor area may be unfinished floor space capable under the Building Code or this Ordinance below of being finished to liveable floor area, provided such unfinished area is in the second story of a two story home as defined on the fold-out chart, (see 20.33.000.) In addition to requirements of the Building Code, such space shall meet the following requirements. -
Identifying Robust Plans Through Plan Diagram Reduction
Identifying Robust Plans through Plan Diagram Reduction ∗ Harish D. Pooja N. Darera Jayant R. Haritsa Database Systems Lab, SERC/CSA Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, INDIA ABSTRACT tary and conceptually different approach, which we consider in this Estimates of predicate selectivities by database query optimizers paper, is to identify robust plans that are relatively less sensitive to often differ significantly from those actually encountered during such selectivity errors. In a nutshell, to “aim for resistance, rather query execution, leading to poor plan choices and inflated response than cure”, by identifying plans that provide comparatively good times. In this paper, we investigate mitigating this problem by performance over large regions of the selectivity space. Such plan replacing selectivity error-sensitive plan choices with alternative choices are especially important for industrial workloads where plans that provide robust performance. Our approach is based on global stability is as much a concern as local optimality [18]. the recent observation that even the complex and dense “plan di- Over the last decade, a variety of strategies have been proposed agrams” associated with industrial-strength optimizers can be ef- to identify robust plans, including the Least Expected Cost [6, 8], ficiently reduced to “anorexic” equivalents featuring only a few Robust Cardinality Estimation [2] and Rio [3, 4] approaches. These plans, without materially impacting query processing quality. techniques provide novel and elegant formulations (summarized in Extensive experimentation with a rich set of TPC-H and TPC- Section 6), but have to contend with the following issues: DS-based query templates in a variety of database environments Firstly, they are intrusive requiring, to varying degrees, modifi- indicate that plan diagram reduction typically retains plans that are cations to the optimizer engine. -
19 Building a House
Building a House 19 19.1 Homes for People 19.2 House Construction Identify diff erent residential dwellings. • Explain the diff erences between manufactured houses and site-built houses. Describe how a building site is chosen. Explain how a house is assembled. Explore the Photo Building Homes and Lives Habitat for Humanity enables people of all ages to help families build their own home. Why is this man working safely? 402 Unit 6 Construction Technologies Build a Model House At the end of the chapter, you will be asked to design and build a model of a house. Get a head start by using this checklist to prepare for the Technology Lab. PROJECT CHECKLIST ✓ Do research on the Internet or go to a local hobby store to fi nd examples of miniature model houses. ✓ Begin to collect materials you will need to do the project, such as marking pens, white glue, and wax paper. ✓ Ask your teacher to review the safety reminder for this lab. 403 Bill Frymire/Masterfi le 19.1 Homes for People Connect What are Graphic Organizer some diff erent types of homes? Draw the section diagram. Use it to organize Content Vocabulary and write down information as you read. residential building Advantages of Prefabriated Houses building site 1. ______________________________________Requires less labor Academic Vocabulary 2. ______________________________________ You will see these words in your reading and on 3. ______________________________________ your tests. Find their meanings at the back of 4. ______________________________________ this book. community Go to glencoe.com to this book’s OLC for a associate downloadable graphic organizer and more. -
Washington University Design Standards for Architectural Building Components
Washington University Design Standards for Architectural Building Components Washington University - St. Louis Department of Facilities Planning & Management St. Louis, Missouri 63130 Revised: Wednesday, September 26th, 2001 Washington University - St. Louis th Architectural Building Components Design Standards (Rev’d. September 26 , 2001) PART 1 - INTRODUCTION The Washington University department of facilities planning and Management is responsible for coordinating the planning and design for all new campus facilities. Their mission is to assure that each project provides the infrastructure to support teaching, research, scholarship, and service for present and future generations consistent with the policies of the Washington University Board of Trustees, and the mission statement of the institution at large: "THE PROMOTION OF LEARNING BY STUDENTS AND FACULTY" Each professional engaged in design and construction activities on behalf of the University is encouraged to employ the highest degree of professional skill and expertise to develop and effect solutions that successfully exemplify the mission statement of the University, consistent with the parameters outlined below. The department of facilities planning and Management is committed to facilitating those efforts as required to assure the same. PART 2 - DEFINITIONS Terms used in this document shall be defined as follows: A. "Architect/Engineer": The Architect or Engineer is the person lawfully licensed to preform architectural and/or engineering services in the state of Missouri. (including but not necessarily limited to the following: analysis of project requirements, development of project design, production of construction documents, specifications, & bidding requirements, and general administration of the construction contract). The term Architect and/or Engineer shall mean the Architect and/or his authorized representative. -
Recommended Drawing Numbering, Scales and Dimensioning 1 / 3
Recommended Drawing Numbering, Scales and Dimensioning 1 / 3 Architectural Drawings: General: G101 Cover Sheet G102 General Information G201 Live Safety Plan Civil: C100 Site Topo Plan C200 Demolition Plan C300 Site Staking/Signing/Striping/Erosion Control Plan C400 Grading & Drainage Plan C500 Utility Plan Landscape: I‐1 Irrigation Plan I‐2 Irrigation Details L‐1 Landscape Plan L‐2 Landscape Details Architectural: AC01 Overall Architectural Site Plan AC02 Enlarged Architectural Site Plan AC03 Site Plan Details A001 Finish Schedule & Legend A002 Opening Schedule, Elevations A101 Floor Plan A102 Dimension Plan A103 Lower Roof Plan A104 Upper Roof Plan A105 Canopy Plan and Details A111 Enlarged Floor Plans A201 Exterior Elevations A201 Exterior Elevations A301 Building Sections A302 Building Sections A311 Wall Sections A312 Details – Curved Roof A313 Details – Curved Roof A316 Wall Partition Types A321 Plan Details A331 Section Details A332 Typical Details and Profiles A341 Roof Details A351 Interior Column Details A401 Interior Elevations A402 Interior Elevations A501 Reflected Ceiling Plan A601 Equipment Plan Recommended Drawing Numbering, Scales and Dimensioning 2 / 3 The recommendation scales* for key architectural drawings are as follows: Site plan – engineering scale 1:20 or similar, depend upon size of site Arch Floor Plan – 1/8” Arch Ceiling Plan – 1/8” Arch Roof Plan – 1/8” or 1/16” – (try to show roof as one drawing view) Interiors Floor Finish Plan – 1/8” Interiors Furniture Plan – 1/8” Enlarged Arch Floor Plans – ¼” or larger as needed (typically the toilet rooms) Arch Exterior Elevations – 1/8” Arch Building Section – ¼” or ½” if needed for a specialty area (ie lobby) Arch typical wall sections – ¾” Wall types (wall sections or plan views) – 1 ½” Details ‐ Plan and Section – 1 ½” or 3” Interior Elevations – ¼” or 3/8” as needed *Note: set up each drawing on a 42” x 30” page. -
Axonometric Projection
Axonometric Projection ARCH 1101 - Intro to Architecture Axonometric Projection Professor Christo Spring 2020 Semester AXONOMETRIC Axonometric projection is a type of orthographic projection used for creating a pictorial drawing of an object, where the lines of sight are perpendicular to the plane of projection, and the object is rotated around one or more of its axes to reveal multiple sides. Axonometric drawings do not have vanishing points as in a perspective drawing. Consequently, all lines on a common axis are draw as parallel. AXONOMETRIC ARCH 1101 - Intro to Architecture Axonometric Projection Professor Christo Spring 2020 Semester AXON BASICS We typically use either 45-45-90 degree or 30-60-90 degree projection. What is critical is that we maintain our 90 degree angle within the object we are projecting, and all angles add up to 180 degrees. This is convenient for us since we have 45-45-90 and 30-60-90 degree triangles. ELEVATION ELEVATION ELEVATION PLAN ELEVATION SIMPLE BOX ARCH 1101 - Intro to Architecture Axonometric Projection Professor Christo Spring 2020 Semester AXON CONSTRUCTION ELEVATION PLAN ROTATE PLAN PROJECT VERTICALS CONNECT VERTICALS LINE WEIGHTS ARCH 1101 - Intro to Architecture Axonometric Projection Professor Christo Spring 2020 Semester AXON CONSTRUCTION - NON-RECTANGULAR SHAPES ELEVATION PLAN IDENTIFY RECTANGLE ROTATE PLAN PROJECT VERTICALS CONNECT VERTICALS LINE WEIGHTS ARCH 1101 - Intro to Architecture Axonometric Projection Professor Christo Spring 2020 Semester AXON CONSTRUCTION - NON-RECTANGULAR SHAPES ELEVATION PLAN IDENTIFY RECTANGLE ROTATE PLAN PROJECT VERTICALS CONNECT VERTICALS LINE WEIGHTS ARCH 1101 - Intro to Architecture Axonometric Projection Professor Christo Spring 2020 Semester IN CLASS PRACTICE ARCH 1101 - Intro to Architecture Axonometric Projection Professor Christo Spring 2020 Semester. -
How to Create a Site Plan Site Plan: a Drawing of a Property As Seen from Above, Including, but Not Limited to a North Arrow, Grand Tree Locations, and Date
How to create a Site Plan Site Plan: A drawing of a property as seen from above, including, but not limited to a north arrow, grand tree locations, and date. Show proposed improvements with exact size, shape and location of all existing and proposed buildings and structures, parking areas, driveways, walkways and patios. 1 Use a Scale Choose a standard scale, either an Architectural or Engineering Scale and note the numeric scale used on plan (i.e. 1 inch = 20 feet). Draw Property Lines 2 Label all dimensions in feet. A plat of the neighborhood may help you in determining the dimensions of the parcel. This may be available Show the property lines from the RMC office of the county in and note the dimensions. which the property is located. Draw all Buildings and Structures on the Plan 3 • Show existing buildings and structures as a solid line and all additions as a dashed line. • Be sure to show the precise footprint of all buildings or structures including, but not limited to steps, decks, porches, fences, bay windows and HVAC platforms. Draw Driveway and Parking on the Plan 4 Show all parking areas, driveways, walkways and patios in their precise locations in relation to your property lines and with their accurate foot- print. Show proposed paved areas with a dashed line. Locate Grand Trees 5 • A Grand Tree is a tree with a diameter at 4 1/2 feet above grade that is 24 inches or greater. • Use a dot to indicate the precise location of the center of the tree. -
2020 Mandatory Design Standards for Multifamily Housing Part A
MFA 2020 Mandatory Design Standards for Multifamily Housing Part A The following Design Standards, including the MFA 2020 Submission Instructions for Preliminary Architectural Documentation for Multifamily Housing Applications, contained herein as Part B, represent the minimum requirements for New Mexico Mortgage Finance Authority (MFA) financed rental housing and are herewith incorporated by reference into MFA’s 2020 Qualified Allocation Plan (QAP). Capitalized terms are defined either herein or in the QAP. MFA values excellence in design because well designed housing meets the needs of tenants, attracts market tenants and promotes community acceptance of housing financed by MFA. All Projects shall meet or exceed each of these standards, as well as the minimum requirements of all applicable building codes (hereinafter referred to as “Code”), regulations, and local zoning ordinances. In addition, Projects shall meet Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) and Fair Housing Act (FHA) requirements as applicable. Depending on the funding sources and other partners’ requirements, the Project may also be subject to Uniform Federal Accessibility Standards (UFAS) requirements. Projects receiving HOME funding must meet the property standards of 24 CFR 92.251. Projects receiving National Housing Trust Funds must meet the property standards of 24 CFR 93.301 (f) (1) and (2).The development team is responsible to know and meet all accessibility requirements for their Project. MFA will not be reviewing submissions with the intent to identify compliance with these various laws, codes, and ordinances governing the design of the projects. Should we find a discrepancy in a design that does not meet a law, code, or ordinance, we will, as a courtesy, inform the designer of our findings. -
Monthly New Residential Construction, July 2021
FOR RELEASE AT 8:30 AM EDT, TUESDAY, SEPTEMBER 21, 2021 MONTHLY NEW RESIDENTIAL CONSTRUCTION, AUGUST 2021 Release Number: CB21‐152 Statement Regarding Natural Disasters: For information on the impact of natural disasters, including hurricanes, on the compilation of this report, please see the Natural Disaster FAQs. September 21, 2021 ‐ The U.S. Census Bureau and the U.S. Department of Housing and Urban Development jointly announced the following new residential construction statistics for August 2021: NEW RESIDENTIAL New Residential Construction (Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rate) CONSTRUCTION 2,100 AUGUST 2021 1,800 Units Building Permits: 1,728,000 1,500 of Housing Starts: 1,615,000 1,200 900 Housing Completions: 1,330,000 600 Permits Thousands Starts Next Release: October 19, 2021 300 Completions Seasonally Adjusted Annual Rate (SAAR) 0 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, HUD, September 21, 2021 Aug‐16 Aug‐17 Aug‐18 Aug‐19 Aug‐20 Aug‐21 Source: U.S. Census Bureau, HUD, September 21, 2021 Building Permits Privately‐owned housing units authorized by building permits in August were at a seasonally adjusted annual rate of 1,728,000. This is 6.0 percent (±1.4 percent) above the revised July rate of 1,630,000 and is 13.5 percent (±1.8 percent) above the August 2020 rate of 1,522,000. Single‐family authorizations in August were at a rate of 1,054,000; this is 0.6 percent (±1.3 percent)* above the revised July figure of 1,048,000. Authorizations of units in buildings with five units or more were at a rate of 632,000 in August. -
The Old Capitol As Completed
CHAPTER VI THE OLD CAPITOL AS COMPLETED 1 HE old Capitol was situated in a park of 22 ⁄2 acres [Plate 87], The eastern entrance, according to Mills, had spacious gravel inclosed by an iron railing.1 There were nine entrances to the walks, through a “dense verdant inclosure of beautiful shrubs and trees, grounds, two each from the north and south for carriages, two circumscribed by an iron palisade.” 3 An old print, made from a draw- on the east and three on the west for pedestrians. The western ing by Wm. A. Pratt, a rural architect and surveyor in 1839, gives a Tentrances at the foot of the hill were flanked by two ornamental gate or clear idea of the eastern front of the building and its surroundings at watch houses [Plate 81]. The fence was of iron, taller than the head of this period [Plate 90]. an ordinary man, firmly set in an Aquia Creek sandstone coping, which The old Capitol building covered 67,220 square feet of ground. covered a low wall [Plate 82]. The front was 351 feet 4 inches long. The depth of the wings was 131 On entering the grounds by the western gates, passing by a foun- feet 6 inches; the central eastern projection, including the steps, 86 feet; tain, one ascended two flights of steps to the “Grand Terrace” [Plate 88]. the western projection, 83 feet; the height of wings to the top of Upon the first terrace was the Naval Monument, erected to those balustrade, 70 feet; to top of Dome in center, 145 feet.