Initial Environmental Examination IND:Uttarakhand Emergency

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Initial Environmental Examination IND:Uttarakhand Emergency Initial Environmental Examination Project Number: 47229-001 December 2014 IND: Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project Submitted by Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project (Roads & Bridges), Government of Uttarakhand, Dehardun This report has been submitted to ADB by the Program Implementation Unit, Uttarkhand Emergency Assistance Project (R&B), Government of Uttarakhand, Dehradun and is made publicly available in accordance with ADB’s public communications policy (2011). It does not necessarily reflect the views of ADB. Initial Environmental Examination July 2014 India: Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project Restoration Work of Kuwa-Kafnaul Rahdi Motor Road (Package No: UEAP/ PWD/ C14) Prepared by State Disaster Management Authority, Government of Uttarakhand, for the Asian Development Bank. i ABBREVIATIONS ADB - Asian Development Bank ASI - Archaeological Survey of India BOQ - Bill of Quantity CTE - Consent to Establish CTO - Consent to Operate DFO - Divisional Forest Officer DSC - Design and Supervision Consultancy DOT - Department of Tourism CPCB - Central Pollution Control Board EA - Executing Agency EAC - Expert Appraisal Committee EARF - Environment Assessment and Review Framework EC - Environmental Clearance EIA - Environmental Impact Assessment EMMP - Environment Management and Monitoring Plan EMP - Environment Management Plan GoI - Government of India GRM - Grievance Redressal Mechanism IA - Implementing Agency IEE - Initial Environmental Examination IST - Indian Standard Time LPG - Liquid Petroleum Gas MDR - Major District Road MoEF - Ministry of Environment and Forests NAAQS - National Ambient Air Quality Standards NDBR - Nanda Devi Biospher Reserve NDNP - Nanda Devi National Park NH - National Highway ODR - Other District Road OM - Operations Manual PIU - Project Implementation Unit PMU - Project Management Unit PWD - Public Works Department REA - Rapid Environmental Assessment RSPM - Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter SDMA - State Disaster Management Authority SH - State Highway SPCB - State Pollution Control Board SPM - Suspended Particulate Matter SPS - Safeguards Policy Statement SRTC - State Road Transport Corporation UCADA - Uttarakhand Civil Aviation Development Authority UEAP - Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project UEPPCB - Uttarakhand Environment Protection and Pollution Control Board UJS - Uttarakhand Jal Sansthan VR - Village Road ii WEIGHTS AND MEASURES cm - centimeter Crore – 100 lakhs = 10,000,000 Lakh – 100 thousand = 100,000 Km – Kilometer Kph - Kilometer per hour Lpd – liters per day M – Meter mg/l – milligrams per liter Mm – Millimeter MSL - Mean sea level - 10-6 meter g/m3 – micrograms per cubic meter S/cm - micro Siemens per centimeter NTU - Nephalo turbidity unit Ppm – parts per million iii TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapters Contents Page No. EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 I INTRODUCTION 4 A. Project background/rationale 4 B. Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project (UEAP) 4 C. Purpose of the environmental assessment 5 D. Extent of IEE 5 E. IEE contents 5 F. Methodology 6 G. Public consultation 6 II POLICY, LEGAL AND ADMINISTRATIVE FRAMEWORK 7 III DESCRIPTION OF THE PROJECT 11 A. Project location 11 B. Proposed category of the project 12 C. Key rehabilitation and reconstruction activities 12 D. Project implementation schedule 12 IV DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT 14 A. Physical environment 14 1. Geography 14 2. Geology 15 3. Physiography 17 B. Pedology 17 C. Climate and meteorology 18 D. Air and noise quality 19 E. Hydrology 19 1. Water drainage 19 2. Water quality 20 F. Mineral resources 20 G. Seismology 21 H. Ecology 21 1. Forestry 21 2. Biodiversity 24 3. Biosphere reserves 27 4. Fishery 28 I. Socio-economic 28 1. Social and cultural development 28 2. Land use and land use pattern 30 J. Health 30 K. Literacy 31 L. Cultural and archaeological resources 31 M. Economic development 32 1. Transportation and communication 32 2. Industrial development 33 3. Agriculture, forestry and fishery 34 N. Fisheries 37 O. Energy and electric power potential 38 P. Aesthetic and tourism 38 V ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION 39 MEASURES 5.1 Negative impacts related project location, preliminary planning and Design 39 A. Impact and mitigation measure during planning and design phase 39 B. Impacts during construction phase 40 a. Impacts on the physical environment and mitigation measures 40 iv i. alteration of surface water hydrology of waterways crossed by 40 roads, resulting in increased sediment in streams affected by increased soil erosion at construction site. ii. Impacts on water quality 40 iii. Disfiguration of landscape by road embankments, cuts, fills and 41 quarries. iv. Loss of productive soil 41 v. Compaction and contamination of soil 41 b. Impacts on environmental quality 41 i. Increase in local air pollution due to rock crushing, and filling works 41 and chemicals from asphalt processing. ii. Noise and vibration from civil works 42 C. Impacts on the socio-economic 43 i. Encroachment on historical and cultural areas 43 ii. Impacts on occupational health and safety 43 iii. Impacts on community health and safety 43 VI INFORMATION DISCLOSURE, CONSULTATION AND PARTICIPATION 45 A. Public participation during the preparation of the IEE 45 B. Future consultation and disclosure 47 C. Consultation during detailed design 47 D. Consultation during construction 47 E. Public disclosure 47 F. Project disclosure 47 VII ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT AND MONITORING PLAN AND 48 GRIEVANCE AND REDRESS MECHANISM A. Environment management plan 48 B. Institutional arrangement 48 I. UEAP, SDMA (PMU) 49 II. UEAP, IA, FPIU 49 III. The Engineer (DSC) 49 IV. Environmental expert of engineer (DSC) 49 V. The Contractor 49 C. Environmental monitoring programme 78 D. Performance indicators 78 E. Environmental budget 81 F. Grievance and Redress Mechanism 82 VIII CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION 83 v LIST OF TABLES TABLE II-1 : Applicable environmental national and state requirements for UEAP 7 TABLE III-1 : Distribution of road sections to be upgraded under UEAP, by 12 hierarchy and length TABLE IV-1 : Geological formation of Central Crystallines along with lithology 15 TABLE IV-2 The soil types of district Uttarkashi 18 TABLE IV-3 : Availability of important minerals 20 TABLE IV-4 : District-wise forest cover, Uttarakhand 22 TABLE IV-5 : Predominant top-canopy (tree) species according to altitude 23 TABLE IV-6 : Wildlife in Uttarakhand 24 TABLE IV-7 : National parks in Uttarakhand 25 TABLE IV-8 : Wildlife sanctuaries in Uttarakhand 25 TABLE IV-9 : List of major flora 25 TABLE IV-10 : List of major fauna 25 TABLE IV-11 : Land utilisation in Uttarakhand 26 TABLE IV-12 : Health indicators of Uttarakhand 30 TABLE IV-13 : Health infrastructure of Uttarakhand 30 TABLE IV-14 : Transportation of Uttarakhand state. 33 TABLE IV-15 : Area under principal crops and productivity in Uttarakhand 35 TABLE IV-16 : Ecological sub-regions and altitude-wise major agriculture crops 36 TABLE IV-17 Mode of irrigation and drainage system in Uttarakhand 37 TABLE VII-1 : Environmental management and monitoring plan 52 TABLE VII-2 : The Performance Indicators and monitoring plans 78 TABLE VII-3 : Environmental monitoring for air, water, noise and soil 80 TABLE VII-4 : Environmental Budget for Kuwa-Kafnaul Rahdi Motor Road 81 vi LIST OF APPENDICES APPENDIX A Rapid Environmental Assessment (REA) 84 APPENDIX B Public consultation record 90 APPENDIX C Site photographs 92 APPENDIX D MoEF issued specific guidelines in July 2013 for State of 93 Uttarakhand for expediting forest clearances to carry out the emergency work in forest areas (excluding works in national parks and sanctuaries) APPENDIX 1 Disposal site management 96 APPENDIX 2 Environmental standards 99 APPENDIX 3 Oil inceptors 105 APPENDIX 4 Typical bituminous disposal pit 106 APPENDIX 5 Work safety in common operation and in construction 107 APPENDIX 6 Tree plantation strategy 116 APPENDIX 7 Enhancement measures 120 APPENDIX 8 Guidelines for management of road section through forest area 122 APPENDIX 9 Arrangement of traffic during construction 124 APPENDIX 10 General guidelines for contractor construction water 129 management plan APPENDIX 11 Environmental friendly construction methodology 130 APPENDIX 12 Borrow area management 134 APPENDIX 13 Soil erosion and sedimentation control 138 APPENDIX 14 Locating quarries, rehabilitating quarries and guidelines of stone 139 crushers APPENDIX 15 Storage, handling, use and emergency responses for hazardous 142 chemical APPENDIX 16 Site and management of construction camp 145 This initial environmental examination is a document of the State Disaster Management Authority, Government of Uttarakhand. The views expressed herein do not necessarily represent those of ADB's Board of Directors, Management, or staff, and may be preliminary in nature. In preparing any country program or strategy, financing any project, or by making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area in this document, the Asian Development Bank does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. vii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The State Disaster Management Authority (SDMA) has Undertaken Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project (UEAP), financed by the ADB. The total estimated cost of the program is about US $205 millions, out of which $96.75 million will be allotted for road and bridge sector. The Uttarakhand Emergency Assistance Project (UEAP) involving existing road section Kuwa-Kafnaul Rahdi Motor Road of Other District
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