DOCSLIB.ORG

Vegetation-Environment Relationships Based on a Life-Forms C1assification in a Semiarid Region of Tropical Mexico

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Vegetation-Environment Relationships Based on a Life-Forms C1assification in a Semiarid Region of Tropical Mexico Rev. Biol. Trop., 44(2): 581-590,1996 Vegetation-environment relationships based on a life-forms c1assification in a semiarid region of Tropical Mexico Zavala-Hurtado, J.A.!, P.L. Valverde!, A. Díaz-Solís2, F. Vitel and E. Portillal 1 Departamento de Biología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana- Iztapalapa. Ap. Postal 55-535, México 09340, D.F. México, e-mail [email protected] Jardín Botánico y Vivero de Cactaceas "Dra. Helia Bravo-Hollis", Zapotitlán, Puebla, México. (Rec. 15-V-1995. Rev. 23-VI-1995. Acep. 28-VI-1995) Abstract: Taking the view that morphological characteristics represent behavioral strategies of plants to cope with environmental pressures, we defined 18 life-forrns, using multivariate classification techniques in a tropical semiarid ecosystem in Central Mexico. A multiple discriminant analysis confirrned the existence of these groups. A nul! model of random rnembership of species to life-forrns was significantly different from our classification. Vegetation-envíron­ ment relationships were exanúned wíth Detrended Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA). Ordínation axes were ínterpreted mainly by altitude and soíl moisture. Response curves of life-forrns along these gradients were explored fit­ ting generalized linear models (OLIM's). We believe that the life-forrns approach for the study of vegetation-envíron­ ment relationships ís a valid alternative to the tradítional specíes approach usually used in phytosociological research because: í) lífe-forrns number was found to be an excellent specíes diversity predictor, ii) this approach enables consid­ erable reduction in the bulk of data without losing ecological inforrnation, and iíi) life-forrns represent ecological strategies per se and, they constitute an index of the number of different ways the desert's resources are utilízed. Key words: Morphological attributes; morphologica1 strategies; ordination; multiple discriminant analysis; response curves; xerophyllous scrub; desert plants. The occurrence of structural similarities ber and nature of the morphological traits used among desert plants, independent of their phy­ and in the number of life-form groups pro­ logenetic relationships and geographical distri­ duced. bution, is well known . There is a preponder­ In this paper we describe a multivariate clas­ ance of certain growth forms in desert floras sification of 107 perennial plant species based that are rare or restricted in other types of on morphological characteristics in a semiarid ecosystems. Nevertheless, the causes of these region of tropical Mexico. The basic assump­ presumed convergences are not well únder­ tion is that plant species would be naturally stood (Solbrig et al. 1977, Bowers and Lowe clumped in a few morphological categories 1986, Cody 1989). A fundamental problem is each of which represents a convergence of to understand how the environment acts as a strategies to cope with the desert environment. selection pressure on the shape and function of Our aim was to describe vegetation-environ­ plants. How do desert plants coexist interacting ment relationships based on these life-form cat­ with each other and with the physical environ­ egories. ment? Vegetation-environment relationships are There have been several attempts to define usually studied along gradients. The concept of morphological strategies of desert plants in environmental gradients has been a comerstone relation to environmental pressures (Shreve in the development of ecological theory 1942, Cody 1989, Leishman and Westoby (Oldand 1992). Austin et al. (1984) recognize 1992). These attempts vary widely in the num- three basic environmental gradients types: (i) 582 REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL indirect gradients, those which do not have a The study sÍte utilized for the vegetation­ direct influence on plant growth (e.g., altitude); envíronment relationships is a protected area (ii) direct gradients, those which have a direct adjacent to the 'Helia Bravo Hollis' Botanic influence on plant growth, but are not resources Garden, located in the middle of the Zapotitlan potentíally subject to competitíon (e.g., pH); Valley, 28.5 Km SW of Tehuacan city. The and (iii) resource gradients, those environmen­ study site occupies an area of 1 Km2 and con­ tal variables which are direct resources influ­ sists of the tetechera vegetation unit. encing plant growth (e.g., soil nutrients). Using Five 10 x 10 m permanent plots have been certain assumptions, direct environmental gra­ established at each site where vegetatíon dients can be regarded as dimensions of the dynamics studies are carried out. In these 15 Hutchinsonian niche concept. Following this, plots we recorded 107 perenníal plants. We species response curves along direct gradients selected ten individuals of each species in wouId represent their realized niches in one every 10 x 10 m plot that it was present, and dimension (Austin et al. 1990) and, hence, recorded the presence or absence of 30 mor­ would provide measurements of niche ampli­ phological attributes (Table 1). These attributes tude and overIap. have clear adaptive significance in terms of Taxonomical nomenc1ature in this paper fol­ photosynthesis optimization (presence of lows Davila et al. (1993). leaves, photosynthetic stems, etc.), water stor­ age and conservatíon (waxy leaves and stems, succulence, etc.), and thermic regulation (mor­ MATERIAL AND METHODS phology of stems, hairy leaves, etc.). Our study site was located in the semiarid TABLE 1 valley of Zapotitlán (18° 20' N, 9T 28' W), a local basin in the Pueblan- Oaxacan region in Morphological attributes usedjór classification and multiple discriminant analysís the Mexican State of Puebla (Vite et al. 1990). This is a unique regíon because of its biological richness. About 30% of its species are endemic 1 Spines present 16 Branched and it is especially rich in columnar cacti 2 Succulent stem 17 Extensive branching (Villaseñor et al. 1990). 3 Exfoliant cortex 18 Plagiotrophic branching The c1imate is dry with summer rains. 4 Perennial stem 19 Wide base Annual mean temperature is 18-22°C and pre­ 5 Spiny stem (*) 20 Leaves present (*) cipitation is around 400 mm/yr. The soils are 6 Photosynthetic stem 21 Rosetophyllous leaves (*) shallow, stony, and halomorphic (Byers 1967). 7 Waxy stem 22 Simple leaves Arid conditions are produced by the rain shadow 8 Woody stem 23 Microphyllous leaves of the Sierra Madre Oriental. The vegetation has 9 Ereet stem 24 Hairy leaves been c1assified as xerophyIlous scrub 10 Flattened stem 25 Succulent Ieaves (Rzedowski 1978) or as thorn scrub cactus I1 Solitary stem 26 Glabrous leaves (Smith 1965), and is a well-preserved example 12 Globose stem 27 Waxy leaves of this vegetation type, that supposedly covered 13 Candelabrous shape (*) 28 Perennialleaves the region sorne 10,000 years ago (Smith 1967, 14 Ribs present 29 Caudex present Zavala-Hurtado 1982). Zavala-Hurtado (1982) 15 Tubercles present 30 Epiphytic habit described four vegetation units in the Zapotitlan Valley: thorn scrub (dominated by thorny shrubs (*) Attributes not entered by multiple discriminant analysis. and trees, mainly legumes, agavaceae and low cacti), cardonal (thorn scrub with the columnar On the species-attributes matrix (107 x 30) cactus Cephalocereus columna-trajani Weber), we carried out an agglomerative cluster analy­ izotal (thorn scrub with Yucca periculosa Baker sis usíng Ward's method (1963) with the or Beaucarnea gracilis Lem., and tetechera SPSS+Pc package (Norusis 1988). The number (thorn scrub with the columnar cactus of groups in the species c1assification was cho­ Neobuxbaumia spp.). There are permanent sites sen subjectively, based on a visual inspectíon for research on vegetatíon dynamics in the of the dendrogram obtained (Fig. 1). Each of tetechera, izotal and cardonal units. these groups was regarded as a life-form (LF). ZAVALA-HURTADO et al.: Vegetation-environment relationships 583 Rescal.ed Di.stance. Cl.uster CoJablne LIFE-FORK SPECIES o 5 10 1.5 20 [ I I I I 79 101 24 LO' 1. 77 76 90 [ .49 80 81 83 LF 2 106 84 4 82 39 44 35 LO'3 2S 78 f 100 85 65 67 LO'4 60 62 66 43 45 LF5 63 64 61 LF6 f 1� [ 12 l 38 1i LF 7 10 8 48 102 LF 8 [ 103 98 52 LF 9 71 70 S7 96 55 56 LF10 32 3. 28 30 3>- 29 .. 58 40 LF11 69 5 92 27 36 10. LF 12 105 50 [ 94 95 23 88 5' 3 75 LF 13 93 22 99 68 42 2 74 73 91 1 26 19 37 20 34 54 21 72 86 LE' 16 87 41 16 17 LF17 14 18 15 59 97 53 LF18 47 89 �]- 46 Fig. 1. Dendrogram with the agglomerative schedule oC the c1assificationof 107 species from the semíarid valley of Zapotitlan, Mexico into 18life-forms (indicated by LF#) using Ward'smethod. See App. 1 for speciesnames. 584 REVISTA DE BIOLOGIA TROPICAL Results of the classification were evaluated Soil moisture was estimated as a percentage by a stepwise multiple discriminant analysis of the soil dry weight (A very and Bascomb using SPSS+pc. This method was also applied 1974). pH was measured in a water- saturation to a null model of random assignment of percentage preparation (Jackson 1958) using a species to the same number of groups detected pH-meter Chandos type M43. with the cluster analysis. The objective of this Altitude, aspect and slope were measured comparison was to test the nulI hypothesis of using conventional methods. Topography (con­ random membership to life-forms. cave, plain and convex) and stoniness were The null model was constructed permuting estimated visualIy. at random the life- form constituency of each With these data, we built-up two matri­ species (maintaining its own morphological ces: life-forms x samples and environmental attributes). variables x samples. Both matrices were ana­ Analysis of vegetation-environment rela­ lyzed simultaneously with a Detrended tionships was carried out in the protected area Canonical Correspondence Analysis (DCCA) of the 'Helia Bravo Hollis' Botanic Garden using the CANOCO package (ter Braak 1987).
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Agenda 2017.Indb
    Las Mujeres en la CienciA AGE 20 NDA 17 Presentación n el México de hoy podemos afirmar que los espacios es- tán abiertos para las mexicanas. Su participación en to- Edos los ámbitos y profesiones, actividades económicas, políticas y sociales, así como en la educación, la ciencia y la cultura es cada vez mayor. No obstante, se pueden identificar brechas históricas, es decir, aún las mujeres de las ciencias no logran tener una participación más allá del 25%; si bien son numerosas y de gran talento las que incursionan en la investigación científica, en especial en me- dicina y astronomía, la diferenciación con los hombres abarca todos los ámbitos de la vida. Con la publicación de esta agenda —por cuarto año consecuti- vo—, en el INMUJERES nos hemos propuesto construir un espa- cio de conocimiento y divulgación de quiénes somos las mexi- canas, cómo hemos contribuido al desarrollo, la cultura y a la vida política y social en México. En esta ocasión hemos querido develar a las mujeres de la cien- cia y la tecnología; todas ellas generadoras de conocimiento científico y divulgadoras del mismo; con aportaciones importan- tes en un ámbito que desde lejos, parece estar sólo en manos de los hombres. Las científicas mexicanas han contribuido a las ciencias médi- cas, a la botánica, la biología y el medio ambiente; igualmen- te, documentamos las aportaciones a la nanotecnología, a los estudios del mar y del petróleo, así como a la astronomía, las matemáticas y la física. Algunas pioneras en su disciplina. En el INMUJERES estamos convencidas que fomentar, desa- rrollar y fortalecer la participación de las mujeres en la in- vestigación científica y tecnológica, es una prioridad para el desarrollo sustentable del país.
    [Show full text]
  • Backebergia Militaris (Audot) H. Bravo Hollis Backebergia Militaris (Audot) H
    2021/09/24 13:59 1/18 BACKEBERGIA MILITARIS (AUDOT) H. BRAVO HOLLIS BACKEBERGIA MILITARIS (AUDOT) H. BRAVO HOLLIS CACTUS & Co. 2 (8) 2004 Version pdf INTRODUCTION Backebergia militaris (H. Bravo ex Sánchez- Mejorada, 1973) has always been a difficult plant for which to find a taxonomical position. It is included in the tribe Pachycereeae Buxbaum, sub-tribe Pachycere- inae Buxbaum. However, its morphology and life cycle are distinct from those of all the other taxa included. Furthermore, it has a character which is unique in the whole Cactaceae family, that is, it bears an inflores- cence with genetically determinate growth, a decidu- ous one, which for this exclusive character deserves a specific term, that I define as “Tiponche” (pron. teep- ònche), from the vernacular name by which the species is known in its distribution area. The present paper describes for the first time the deciduous character of the inflorescence, and how this adaptation influences the dynamics of the life cycle of B. militaris. Furthermore, its functional significance is investigated, and related to a probable, sophisticated mutual symbiosis between the plant and a lepidopter- an of the Pyraloidea, of a yet undetermined species. This study is the result of bibliographic research and of observations carried out both in the wild, dur- ing a survey in March 1994 in a locality within the dis- tribution area of B. militaris, and with the dissection of authorized 1) samples collected on the same occasion. NOTES ON THE STUDIES CARRIED OUT ON BACKEBERGIA MILITARIS The species was discovered some 150 years ago, but the encounters between B.
    [Show full text]
  • University of Florida Thesis Or Dissertation Formatting
    SYSTEMATICS OF TRIBE TRICHOCEREEAE AND POPULATION GENETICS OF Haageocereus (CACTACEAE) By MÓNICA ARAKAKI MAKISHI A DISSERTATION PRESENTED TO THE GRADUATE SCHOOL OF THE UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY UNIVERSITY OF FLORIDA 2008 1 © 2008 Mónica Arakaki Makishi 2 To my parents, Bunzo and Cristina, and to my sisters and brother. 3 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS I want to express my deepest appreciation to my advisors, Douglas Soltis and Pamela Soltis, for their consistent support, encouragement and generosity of time. I would also like to thank Norris Williams and Michael Miyamoto, members of my committee, for their guidance, good disposition and positive feedback. Special thanks go to Carlos Ostolaza and Fátima Cáceres, for sharing their knowledge on Peruvian Cactaceae, and for providing essential plant material, confirmation of identifications, and their detailed observations of cacti in the field. I am indebted to the many individuals that have directly or indirectly supported me during the fieldwork: Carlos Ostolaza, Fátima Cáceres, Asunción Cano, Blanca León, José Roque, María La Torre, Richard Aguilar, Nestor Cieza, Olivier Klopfenstein, Martha Vargas, Natalia Calderón, Freddy Peláez, Yammil Ramírez, Eric Rodríguez, Percy Sandoval, and Kenneth Young (Peru); Stephan Beck, Noemí Quispe, Lorena Rey, Rosa Meneses, Alejandro Apaza, Esther Valenzuela, Mónica Zeballos, Freddy Centeno, Alfredo Fuentes, and Ramiro Lopez (Bolivia); María E. Ramírez, Mélica Muñoz, and Raquel Pinto (Chile). I thank the curators and staff of the herbaria B, F, FLAS, LPB, MO, USM, U, TEX, UNSA and ZSS, who kindly loaned specimens or made information available through electronic means. Thanks to Carlos Ostolaza for providing seeds of Haageocereus tenuis, to Graham Charles for seeds of Blossfeldia sucrensis and Acanthocalycium spiniflorum, to Donald Henne for specimens of Haageocereus lanugispinus; and to Bernard Hauser and Kent Vliet for aid with microscopy.
    [Show full text]
  • Redalyc.Tree and Tree-Like Species of Mexico: Apocynaceae, Cactaceae
    Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad ISSN: 1870-3453 [email protected] Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México México Ricker, Martin; Valencia-Avalos, Susana; Hernández, Héctor M.; Gómez-Hinostrosa, Carlos; Martínez-Salas, Esteban M.; Alvarado-Cárdenas, Leonardo O.; Wallnöfer, Bruno; Ramos, Clara H.; Mendoza, Pilar E. Tree and tree-like species of Mexico: Apocynaceae, Cactaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae, and Sapotaceae Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad, vol. 87, núm. 4, diciembre, 2016, pp. 1189-1202 Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Distrito Federal, México Available in: http://www.redalyc.org/articulo.oa?id=42548632003 How to cite Complete issue Scientific Information System More information about this article Network of Scientific Journals from Latin America, the Caribbean, Spain and Portugal Journal's homepage in redalyc.org Non-profit academic project, developed under the open access initiative Available online at www.sciencedirect.com Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad Revista Mexicana de Biodiversidad 87 (2016) 1189–1202 www.ib.unam.mx/revista/ Taxonomy and systematics Tree and tree-like species of Mexico: Apocynaceae, Cactaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae, and Sapotaceae Especies arbóreas y arborescentes de México: Apocynaceae, Cactaceae, Ebenaceae, Fagaceae y Sapotaceae a,∗ b a a Martin Ricker , Susana Valencia-Avalos , Héctor M. Hernández , Carlos Gómez-Hinostrosa , a b c Esteban M. Martínez-Salas , Leonardo O. Alvarado-Cárdenas , Bruno Wallnöfer , a a Clara H. Ramos , Pilar E. Mendoza a Herbario Nacional de México (MEXU), Departamento
    [Show full text]
  • Developmental Reaction Norms for Water Stressed Seedlings of Succulent Cacti
    Developmental Reaction Norms for Water Stressed Seedlings of Succulent Cacti Ulises Rosas1*, Royce W. Zhou1, Guillermo Castillo2, Margarita Collazo-Ortega3 1 Center for Genomics and Systems Biology, New York University, New York City, New York, United States of America, 2 Instituto de Ecologı´a, Universidad Nacional Auto´noma de Me´xico, Me´xico Distrito Federal, Mexico, 3 Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Auto´noma de Me´xico, Me´xico Distrito Federal, Mexico Abstract Succulent cacti are remarkable plants with capabilities to withstand long periods of drought. However, their adult success is contingent on the early seedling stages, when plants are highly susceptible to the environment. To better understand their early coping strategies in a challenging environment, two developmental aspects (anatomy and morphology) in Polaskia chichipe and Echinocactus platyacanthus were studied in the context of developmental reaction norms under drought conditions. The morphology was evaluated using landmark based morphometrics and Principal Component Analysis, which gave three main trends of the variation in each species. The anatomy was quantified as number and area of xylem vessels. The quantitative relationship between morphology and anatomy in early stages of development, as a response to drought was revealed in these two species. Qualitatively, collapsible cells and collapsible parenchyma tissue were observed in seedlings of both species, more often in those subjected to water stress. These tissues were located inside the epidermis, resembling a web of collapsible-cell groups surrounding turgid cells, vascular bundles, and spanned across the pith. Occasionally the groups formed a continuum stretching from the epidermis towards the vasculature. Integrating the morphology and the anatomy in a developmental context as a response to environmental conditions provides a better understanding of the organism’s dynamics, adaptation, and plasticity.
    [Show full text]
  • Turbinicarpus Heliae (Cactaceae), a New Species from Central Mexico
    Turbinicarpus heliae (Cactaceae), a new species from Central Mexico. s 8.1 October ISSN 2285 – 3987 the passion for cacti and other succulents 2015 Turbinicarpus heliae (Cactaceae), a new species from Central Mexico. contents Xerophilia Special issue No 8.1 - October 2015 is the official first description of Turbinicarpus heliae García-Mor., Díaz – Salim & Gonz. – Bot., sp. nov. 3 · Turbinicarpus heliae García-Mor., Díaz–Salim & Gonz.–Bot., sp. nov. 4 · Taxonomic notes 4 · Aknowledgements 4 · Literature 5 · Figures The graphic structure of this special issue is based on the authors' demand. Founders: Eduart Zimer • Dag Panco • Valentin Posea Nordic representative • Erik Holm Supporter • Mihai Crisbășanu Editor: Eduart Zimer Editorial team's e-Mail: [email protected]. EN edition • Eduart Zimer Graphic layout based on Andrea Cattabriga's pattern. RO edition • Valentin Posea All rights reserved – no part of this publication may be reproduced in any forms SP edition & Field researches • Pedro Nájera Quezada or by any means, without written permission of the Editor. All copyrighted PR & Graphic • Dag Panco photographs have been used under the Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 Cartography • Miguel Angel González Botello International license. Front cover Back cover Juvenile plant - detail of Fig 1. Flowering plant - detail of Fig 1. photo by L. J. García-Morales photo by L. J. García-Morales Contents 2 - XEROPHILIA • Special Issue No. 8.1 - October 2015 | ISSN 2285-3987 Turbinicarpus heliae (Cactaceae), a new species from Central Mexico. LECCINUM J. GARCÍA-MORALES1, JOSÉ F. DÍAZ-SALÍM2, MIGUEL A. GONZÁLEZ-BOTELLO3, CRISTIAN PÉREZ BADILLO4 & CLAUDIO A. FLORES LINCE5 1. Herbario, Departamento de Investigación, Museo de Historia Natural de Tamaulipas, TAMUX, Blvd.
    [Show full text]
  • Environmental Interactions Between People and Birds in Semiarid Lands
    Romero-Bautista et al. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine (2020) 16:32 https://doi.org/10.1186/s13002-020-00385-1 RESEARCH Open Access Environmental interactions between people and birds in semiarid lands of the Zapotitlán Valley, Central Mexico Yessica Angélica Romero-Bautista1, Ana Isabel Moreno-Calles1* , Fernando Alvarado-Ramos1, Maurino Reyes Castillo2 and Alejandro Casas3 Abstract Background: Birds have been among the most important element in lives of humans around the world, due to their presence and abundance in practically all ecosystems. Zapotitlán Salinas, a community of the Tehuacán Valley, has been a site of interest for studying ecology of bird communities, but no previous studies addressing the relationship between humans and birds have been conducted in the area. Based on their local knowledge, people of the area shape the use and conservation of local bird fauna diversity, which is being maintained or lost under the influence of factors like commerce, tourism, agriculture intensification or abandonment, public policies for conservation, environmental changes, among others. This study aims to analyze the patterns of interactions between humans and birds in a context of high biocultural diversity with a long history and facing the environmental and social challenges of semiarid areas. Methods: Ecological sampling for documenting bird species richness was conducted from November 2015 to May 2017 in three transects that included agroforestry systems, forests, and fallow agricultural land. The method of counting by fixed radius points at 16 points within the study systems was used. Thirty in-depth interviews were conducted with local people who own land in the study areas by random sampling and choosing experts of Zapotitlán Salinas, Puebla, a semiarid natural protected area and, since 2019, recognized as Mixed World Heritage.
    [Show full text]
  • Cactus D'or Award References
    IOS International Organization for Succulent Plant Study The Cactus D’Or Award References for further information on the Cactus D’Or Award. 1. Anonymous. 1999. Profile. Gideon F. Smith. SABONET News 4(1): 3-6. 2. Barnett, A. 2003. The Legacy of George Lindsay. California Wild, Spring: 42- 45. 3. Barthlott, W. 1983. Birthday Tributes to Two Eminent Cactophiles – Werner Rauh. Brit. Cact. Succ. J. 1: 48–49. 4. Bravo Hollis, H. 2004. Helia Bravo Hollis. Memorias de una vida y una profesión. Ed. DGDC and Instituto de Biología, UNAM, 152 pp. 5. Carter, S. On being a botanist at Kew. Euphorbia J. 2: 56–60. 6. Clapp, C.P. 2002. George Lindsay. CSSA News 74: 107. 7. Clarke, W. 1996. Are you ready for San Diego? Dr. Ted Anderson. CSSA News 68:48. 8. Codd, L.E. 1966. Leslie Charles Leach. Bothalia 8(suppl): 61-64. 9. Davies, A. 2001. Gordon Rowley’s 80th. birthday celebration. BCSS News 19: xxi. 10. De Carlo, A. 1985. Prof. Werner Rauh and the Heidelberg Collection. C&SSJ of NSW 15:146–147. 11. Downs, P.E. 1996. Larry Leach 1909–1996. Brit. Cact. Succ. J. 14: 146–147. 12. Editor. 1995. Honours for Britons, David Hunt, Brian Lamb, Len Newton. BCSS News 13: xix. 13. Fitz Maurice, B. 1990. Peoplenotes—A tribute to Mexico’s First Lady of cactus. Cact. Succ. J. (US) 62: 141–143. 14. Glass, C.E. 1980. For Board Director: Dr. Lyman Benson. Cact. Succ. J. (US) 52: 215. 15. Glass, C.E. 1995. People and their plants—Helia Bravo Hollis.
    [Show full text]
  • Desarrollo Y Anatomía Floral De Dos Especies De Echinocereus De La Sierra De Juárez, Chihuahua, México
    Botanical Sciences 98(3): 545-559. 2020 Recibido: 23 de enero de 2020, Aceptado: 17 de abril de 2020 DOI: 10.17129/botsci.2566 Primero en línea: 24 de julio de 2020 Botánica Estructural / Structural Botany DESARROLLO Y ANATOMÍA FLORAL DE DOS ESPECIES DE ECHINOCEREUS DE LA SIERRA DE JUÁREZ, CHIHUAHUA, MÉXICO FLORAL DEVELOPMENT AND ANATOMY OF TWO ECHINOCEREUS SPECIES OF SIERRA DE JUAREZ, CHIHUAHUA, MEXICO ID MARLEE CORAL VILLALPANDO-MARTÍNEZ1 , ID SHEILA DE LA TORRE1, ID TERESA TERRAZAS2, ID COYOLXAUHQUI FIGUEROA1* 1Herbario UACJ, Departamento de Ciencias Químico Biológicas, Instituto de Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Ciudad Juárez. Chihuahua, México. 2Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México. *Autor para correspondencia: [email protected] Resumen Antecedentes: La investigación sobre la ontogenia floral en cactáceas es escasa; ésta es fundamental para conocer la identidad de los órganos florales e identificar caracteres taxonómicos valiosos. En esta investigación se analizó y comparó el desarrollo floral de dos especies de Echinocereus. Hipótesis: El desarrollo de los verticilos florales de las dos especies de Echinocereus será en orden centrípeto. Especies de estudio: Echinocereus stramineus (Engelm.) F. Seitz, 1870 (Sección Costati) y E. coccineus Engelm., 1848 (Sección Triglochidiati). Sitio de estudio: Sierra de Juárez, Ciudad Juárez, Chihuahua, México, año 2019. Métodos: Se recolectaron yemas, botones florales y flores en antesis y se procesaron por medio de técnicas de microscopía óptica y electrónica de barrido. Resultados: Se establecieron ocho etapas del desarrollo floral, desde la organogénesis temprana hasta la antesis. Las yemas florales son errumpentes. La organogénesis es centrípeta en el siguiente orden: tépalos externos, tépalos internos, estambres y carpelos.
    [Show full text]
  • Travel Guide Puebla
    How to use this brochure Tap any button in the contents to go to the Tap the button to get back to the con¬tents selected page. page or to the selected map. Contents Map Tap the logo or the image to go to the Tap the button to book your hotel or tour. webpage. Book Here Tap the logos to access the weather forecast, take a virtual tour of archaeological sites via Street View, enjoy videos and photos of Puebla. Follow us in social media and keep up to date with our latest news, promotions and information about the tourist destinations in Mexico. 25. Magic Route of Gastronomy. Contents Magic Route of Nature. 26. Villages of the Sierra Magica. 27. Villages of the Sierra Magica. 28. Sierra Nororiental. Map. 29. Sierra Nororiental. Villages. 30. Serdan Valley. Map of Villages. 31. Serdan Valley. Villages. 32. Valle de Atlixco y Matamoros. Map. 33. Valle de Atlixco y Matamoros. Villages. Centro Vacacional Atlixco-Metepec. 1. Puebla. 34. Mixteca Route. Map of Villages. 2. 10 Things to do in Puebla. 35. Mixteca Route. Villages. 3. 10 Things to do in Puebla. 36. Mixteca Route. Villages. 4. 10 Things to do in Puebla. 37. Tehuacán and Sierra Negra. Map. 5. Hotel Misión Puebla. 38. Tehuacán and Sierra Negra. Tehuacán. 6. City of Puebla. Hotel & Spa Aldea del Bazar. 7. Colonial Buildings in Puebla. 39. Tehuacán and Sierra Negra. Villages. 8. Colonial Buildings in Puebla. 40. Awe-inspiring natural wonders in Puebla. 9. Puebla and its Museums. 41. Awe-inspiring natural wonders in Puebla. 10.
    [Show full text]
  • La Biología Y Los Biólogos En México: Ciencia, Disciplina Y Profesión
    La Biología y los biólogos en México: ciencia, disciplina y profesión Ismael Ledesma Mateos RESUMEN: En este trabajo se señala la diferencia entre ciencia, disciplina y profesión, para analizar el desarrollo histórico de la Biología en México desde la perspectiva de la historia social de las ciencias. Se abordan las etapas de introducción de los paradigmas fundacionales de la Biología hasta los pri- meros años de su institucionalización, destacando el papel de la obra de Alfonso L. Herrera en dicho proceso, así como el efecto antagónico de Isaac Ochoterena, junto con importantes actores de la comunidad médica, llevando a la instauración de una Biología institucionalizada de corte descriptivista, morfológico y taxonómico. Se expone la manera en la cual estos acontecimientos determinaron los inicios de la biología mexicana y la conformación inicial de la comunidad de bió- logos en el país. 97 22-- AArticulosrticulos INSTITUCIONALIZACION.inddINSTITUCIONALIZACION.indd 9977 112/06/20132/06/2013 111:38:071:38:07 a.m.a.m. 22-- AArticulosrticulos INSTITUCIONALIZACION.inddINSTITUCIONALIZACION.indd 9988 112/06/20132/06/2013 111:38:071:38:07 a.m.a.m. La Biología y los biólogos en México: ciencia, disciplina y profesión Ismael Ledesma Mateos* CONSIDERACIONES TEÓRICAS Una cosa es hablar de la Biología como ciencia y otra de los biólogos como una profesión. La historia de la ciencia enfocada en los conceptos y teorías (la historia internalista) no percibe esta distinción crucial para el entendimiento de las ciencias en sociedad, tal como en realidad se producen, de ahí la importancia de trabajar con enfoques alternativos a todo ello, sin que esto signifique hacer historia “externalis- ta”, sino remontar esa dicotomía equívoca y trabajar por la construcción de una historia social integral.
    [Show full text]
  • A Phylogenetic Study of Ferocactus Britton and Rose (Cactaceae: Cactoideae) Jorge Hugo Cota-Sánchez Iowa State University
    Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Retrospective Theses and Dissertations Dissertations 1997 A phylogenetic study of Ferocactus Britton and Rose (Cactaceae: Cactoideae) Jorge Hugo Cota-Sánchez Iowa State University Follow this and additional works at: https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd Part of the Botany Commons, Other Ecology and Evolutionary Biology Commons, Other Genetics and Genomics Commons, and the Plant Breeding and Genetics Commons Recommended Citation Cota-Sánchez, Jorge Hugo, "A phylogenetic study of Ferocactus Britton and Rose (Cactaceae: Cactoideae) " (1997). Retrospective Theses and Dissertations. 11453. https://lib.dr.iastate.edu/rtd/11453 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Iowa State University Capstones, Theses and Dissertations at Iowa State University Digital Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Retrospective Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Iowa State University Digital Repository. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfihn master. TJMI fihns the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion.
    [Show full text]