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GEOLOGY of ANTELOPE ISLAND, the GEOLOGY of ANTELOPE ISLAND Davis County, Utah King and Willis

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GEOLOGY of ANTELOPE ISLAND, the GEOLOGY of ANTELOPE ISLAND Davis County, Utah King and Willis T H E G E O L O G Y O F Antelope Island D A V I S C O U N T Y , U T A H Jon K. King and Grant C. Willis, editors THE GEOLOGY OF ANTELOPE ISLAND, Utah Davis County, THE GEOLOGY OF ANTELOPE ISLAND Davis County, Utah King and Willis Miscellaneous Publication 00-1 ISBN 1-55791-647-0 Utah Geological Survey a division of !7IB5F7-jbgehb! Jon K. King and Grant C. Willis, editors Utah Department of Natural Resources THE GEOLOGY OF ANTELOPE ISLAND, DAVIS COUNTY, UTAH Jon K. King and Grant C. Willis, editors ISBN 1-55791-647-0 Miscellaneous Publication 00-1 UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY a division of Utah Department of Natural Resources 2000 The Geology of Antelope Island STATE OF UTAH Michael O. Leavitt, Governor DEPARTMENT OF NATURAL RESOURCES Kathleen Clarke, Executive Director UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY Kimm M. Harty, Acting Director UGS Board Member Representing Craig Nelson (Chairman) ............................................................................................................... Civil Engineering D. Cary Smith .................................................................................................................................. Mineral Industry C. William Berge ............................................................................................................................ Mineral Industry E.H. Deedee O’Brien ........................................................................................................................ Public-at-Large Robert Robison ............................................................................................................................... Mineral Industry Charles Semborski .......................................................................................................................... Mineral Industry Richard R. Kennedy ................................................................................................. Economics-Business/Scientific David Terry, Director, Trust Lands Administration ..................................................................... Ex officio member UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY The UTAH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY is organized into five geologic programs with Administration, Editorial, and Computer Resources providing necessary support to the programs. The ECONOMIC GEOLOGY PROGRAM undertakes studies to identify coal, geothermal, uranium, hydrocarbon, and industrial and metallic resources; initiates detailed studies of these resources including mining dis- trict and field studies; develops computerized resource data bases, to answer state, federal, and industry requests for information; and encourages the prudent development of Utah’s geologic resources. The APPLIED GEOLOGY PROGRAM responds to requests from local and state governmental entities for engineering-geologic investigations; and identifies, documents, and interprets Utah’s geologic haz- ards. The GEOLOGIC MAPPING PROGRAM maps the bedrock and surficial geology of the state at a regional scale by county and at a more detailed scale by quadrangle. The GEOLOGIC EXTENSION SERVICE answers inquiries from the public and provides infor- mation about Utah’s geology in a non-technical format. The ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES PROGRAM maintains and publishes records of Utah’s fossil resources, provides paleontological and archeological recovery services to state and local governments, conducts studies of environmental change to aid resource management, and evaluates the quantity and quality of Utah’s ground-water resources. The UGS Library is open to the public and contains many reference works on Utah geology and many unpublished documents on aspects of Utah geology by UGS staff and others. The UGS has several computer data bases with information on mineral and energy resources, geologic hazards, stratigraphic sections, and bibliographic references. Most files may be viewed by using the UGS Library. The UGS also manages a sample library which contains core, cuttings, and soil samples from mineral and petroleum drill holes and engineer- ing geology investigations. Samples may be viewed at the Sample Library or requested as a loan for outside study. The UGS publishes the results of its investigations in the form of maps, reports, and compilations of data that are accessible to the pub- lic. For information on UGS publications, contact the Natural Resources Map/Bookstore, 1594 W. North Temple, Salt Lake City, Utah 84116, (801) 537-3320 or 1-888-UTAH MAP. E-mail: [email protected] and visit our web site at http://www.ugs.state.ut.us. UGS Editorial Staff J. Stringfellow ....................................................................................................................................................Editor Vicky Clarke, Sharon Hamre...............................................................................................................Graphic Artists Patricia H. Speranza, James W. Parker, Lori Douglas..........................................................................Cartographers The Utah Department of Natural Resources receives federal aid and prohibits discrimination on the basis of race, color, sex, age, national origin, or disability. For information or complaints regarding discrimination, contact Executive Director, Utah Department of Natural Resources, 1594 West North Temple #3710, Box 145610, Salt Lake City, UT 84116-5610 or Equal Employment Opportunity Commission, 1801 L Street, NW, Washington DC 20507. Printed on recycled paper 3/00 ii The Geology of Antelope Island Utah Geological Survey Miscellaneous Publication 00-1 The Geology of Antelope Island iii The Miscellaneous Publication series of the Utah Geological Survey provides non-UGS authors with a high-quality format for papers concerning Utah geology. Although some reviews have been incorporated, this publication does not necessarily conform to UGS technical, policy, or editorial standards. Many of the papers in this Miscellaneous Publication were written in the early 1990s and have not been fully updated with information or research completed since that time. The extent of peer review varies between papers. iv The Geology of Antelope Island Utah Geological Survey TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Introduction to the geology of Antelope Island, Utah Willis, G.C., King, J.K., and Doelling, H.H. .1 2. Petrology and geologic history of the Precambrian Farmington Canyon Complex, Antelope Island, Utah Yonkee, W.A., Willis, G.C., and Doelling, H.H. .5 3. Proterozoic and Cambrian sedimentary and low-grade metasedimentary rocks on Antelope Island Yonkee, W.A., Willis, G.C., and Doelling, H.H. .37 4. Tertiary rocks of Antelope Island, Davis County, Utah Willis, G.C., and Jensen, M.E. .49 5. Antelope Island - new evidence for thrusting Hansen, A.R., and McCarley, L.A. .71 6. Late Pleistocene and Holocene shoreline stratigraphy on Antelope Island Murchison, S.B., and Mulvey, W.E. .77 7. Shorelines of Antelope Island as evidence of fluctuations of the level of Great Salt Lake Atwood, Genevieve, and Mabey, D.R. .85 8. Aragonite cementation and related sedimentary structures in Quaternary lacustrine deposits, Great Salt Lake, Utah - Burke, R.B., and Gerhard, L.C. .99 9. The waters surrounding Antelope Island, Great Salt Lake, Utah Gwynn, J.W. .117 10. Construction materials, Antelope Island Davis, F.D. .131 11. Hydrogeology of Antelope Island, Great Salt Lake, Utah Mayo, A.L., and Klauk, R.H. .135 12. Engineering geology considerations for park planning, Antelope Island State Park, Davis County, Utah Hecker, Suzanne, and Case, W.F. .151 Miscellaneous Publication 00-1 The Geology of Antelope Island v vi The Geology of Antelope Island Utah Geological Survey INTRODUCTION TO THE GEOLOGY OF ANTELOPE ISLAND, UTAH by Grant C. Willis, Jon K. King, and Hellmut H. Doelling Utah Geological Survey Antelope Island, the largest of Great Salt Lake’s eight which he treated as stratigraphic units: the lower, mainly on major islands, is about 15 miles (24 km) long and up to 5 the west side of the island; the middle, including a major miles (8 km) wide, and covers approximately 40 square miles shear zone, in the center of the island; and the upper, covering (104 km2). Frary Peak, the island’s highest point, is 6,597 all of the southern and most of the eastern part of the island. feet (2,010 m) above sea level and about 2,400 feet (730 m) He also noted the presence of Tertiary rocks on the island. above the lake’s historical average level. Although the island In 1987, the Utah Geological and Mineral Survey (now is perhaps best known for its wildlife and relatively pristine the Utah Geological Survey), in cooperation with the Utah condition, the island is also fascinating from a geological Division of Parks and Recreation, began a multifaceted proj- standpoint. ect to map the island, study mineral and water resources, and assess geologic hazards. This comprehensive study resulted GEOLOGIC MAPPING in the following publications: Geology and Antelope Island State Park, Utah (Doelling and others, 1988); Antelope Island Captain Howard Stansbury, who explored the valley of State Park - the History, the Geology, and Wise Planning for Great Salt Lake in 1850, first described the geology of the Future Development (Doelling, 1989); and the Geologic Map island (Stansbury, 1852). Stansbury turned his notes and rock of Antelope Island, a 1:24,000-scale geologic map and accom- samples over to the prominent New York professor, James panying text booklet (Doelling and others, 1990), that were Hall, who noted in an appendix to Stansbury’s report that the
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