DOCSLIB.ORG

How Sialic Acid Impacts

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
How Sialic Acid Impacts Microbiology TODAY Microbiology Metabolism, 46:2 Today May 2019 Health and Disease 46:2 May 2019 Metabolism, Health and Disease Where bacterial metabolism and virulence intersect How sialic acid impacts on metabolism, health and disease Modelling virus infections of the skin in 3D Human noroviruses and gut bacteria: friends, frenemies or both? The intestinal microbiota in health and disease health and disease are yet to be Ghannoum M, The Scientist. The investigated, and who knows what Mycobiome;2016. https://www.the-scientist. Why does microbiology matter? implications these will hold for human com/features/the-mycobiome-34129 Farhana: Microbes include a hugely health. [accessed 26 February 2019]. versatile range of organisms. They Hall RA, Noverr MC. Fungal interactions with are integral to the functioning of most Further reading the human host: exploring the spectrum of ecosystems, yet we are still in our Dhamgaye S, Qu Y, Peleg AY. Polymicrobial symbiosis. Curr Opin Microbiol 2017;40:58–64. infancy in understanding their impact. infections involving clinically relevant Gram- Quinton, J. Fungal mediated innate immune Courtney: Micro-organisms coat every negative bacteria and fungi. Cell Microbiol memory, what have we learned? Semin Cell surface around us, on us, and in 2016;18:1716–1722. Dev Biol, in press. our bodies. By understanding how microbes function and how they can Courtney Kousser impact us, we can better learn how to Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, work with them or fight them. University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Rebecca: Studying all aspects of e [email protected] microbiology is important to enhance @cakousser our understanding and to make new Courtney Kousser is a fourth year PhD student in Dr Rebecca discoveries. Microbiology has been A Hall’s lab. Courtney’s research focuses on the interaction at the heart of identifying the basic Courtney Kousser Courtney between the deadly fungus, Rhizopus microsporus, and the principles of life for decades. Even opportunistic bacterium Pseudomonas aeruginosa within the host. She has been small pieces of the puzzle provide a member of the Microbiology Society since 2016 and won the 2018 Sir Howard clarity to the larger picture, and open Dalton Young Microbiologist of the Year Prize. new avenues of exploration. At heart, everyone is a microbiologist, they Farhana Alam might just not know it. Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, What advice would you give to University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK someone starting out in this field? e [email protected] Farhana: Read widely and don’t limit @_farhana_alam yourself to your specific research Farhana Alam is a second year PhD student working in area. There is much to be gained Dr Rebecca Hall’s lab. Her research, in collaboration with from inter-disciplinary learning; like Farhana Alam Farhana Dr Jessica Blair, focuses on fungal–bacterial polymicrobial any other form of life, microbiology biofilms and their effects on antimicrobial resistance. does not occur in isolation! Courtney: Attend conferences, Rebecca Hall speak to the intimidating Principal Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, Investigator, and step outside of your University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK comfort zone. You’ll gain confidence e [email protected] and become an active, well-rounded @BECKS_182 member of the community. hall-fungal-research.co.uk Rebecca: One of the best ways to get to Rebecca Hall is a current MRC-funded Career Development know people, and the field, is to go to Rebecca Hall Rebecca Award Fellow and Lecturer in Microbial Adaptation at the a conference, to hear lots of excellent University of Birmingham. Rebecca is interested in how microbes adapt to the science, ask questions and share environment of the host and the consequences this adaptation has on disease ideas. Also, the fungal community progression. She has been a member of the Microbiology Society since 2014, and may be small, but we are mighty, is a member of the Eukaryotic Division. collaborative and enjoy a good dance! Microbiology Today May 19 | microbiologysociety.org 97 Editorial Welcome to the May edition of Microbiology Today, and up for investigation in this edition are microbial metabolism, health and disease. The ability of microbes to metabolise different substrates enables them to thrive in a vast diversity of niches, including various parts of the human host. The way microbes interact with metabolites influences how they affect the health of their host and can be linked to disease. This month our authors explore the fascinating range of ways in which these microbes and their metabolism can impact health. Whole Picture o start us off on this theme, Moving from bacteria to disease. Starting with the microbiome Kim Hardie reflects on how viruses, Sally Roberts and Joanna in early life and highlighting the factors T metabolism and the ability Parish consider how the development of that impact on the health of our to utilise essential nutrients forms organotypic raft cultures has improved microbiome, they consider the impact the basis of a healthy microbial cell. our ability to study virus infection of bacterial products on host health. Revealing some of the many complex strategies. Explaining the basics of With research increasingly making interactions linking metabolism and this technology, they describe how links between dysbiosis and disease, virulence, Kim demonstrates how these rafts can be used to form fully Katherine and Simon address the these two factors are intertwined and differentiated epithelia. They explain complexities of this area of research, can influence bacterial fitness within how these organotypic rafts have been the available evidence and the a population. Kim explains how these used to gain insights into the replication therapeutic potential in this area. complex interactions can influence of herpesviruses, such as Epstein–Barr The Comment piece for this edition infection severity and concludes by virus, and how they could be used in the is written by Courtney Kousser, Farhana providing some perspectives on how future to support the testing of antivirals. Alam and Rebecca Hall, and looks at the new technology could help further Staying with viruses, Matthew importance of fungi, their interactions elucidate the intricate relationships Moore discusses the difficulties in within the human microbiome and the between metabolism and virulence. controlling norovirus, the outcome of roles they can play in health. Explaining Next, Andrew Bell, Emmanuele infection (spoiler, it’s not good) and the range of interactions fungi can have Severi, Nathalie Juge and Gavin Thomas the complexities of in vitro cultivation with other microbes, they highlight how explore the various functions of sialic of norovirus. Historically difficult to fungi can provide a route for bacterial acid. Sialic acid is a metabolite of cultivate; it was only in 2014 that dissemination, as well as impacting on significant importance in bacterial– successful cultivation and replication the virulence of polymicrobial biofilms. host interactions. Our authors outline of norovirus in human B cells was The rising antimicrobial resistance of the strategies microbes have devised achieved, using enteric bacteria as a fungal pathogens and their ability to for utilising sialic acid for different co-factor. Matthew reveals the advances modulate the host immune system purposes. They reveal the ways in which in this field since 2014 and addresses makes these microbes a fascinating both commensals and pathogens can the questions which will need to be part of the microbial world. use sialic acid, for example as food and answered to take this research forward. for camouflage. They then explain how We stay with the intestinal Rowena Jenkins sialic acid has inspired antiviral design theme as Katharine Seton and Simon Editor and could be utilised for future anti- Carding walk us through the role of [email protected] infection purposes. intestinal microbiota in health and Microbiology Today May 19 | microbiologysociety.org 49 Contents Microbiology TODAY Articles Where bacterial metabolism and 58 virulence intersect Kim R. Hardie Interactions between metabolism and virulence. A special sugar: how sialic acid impacts 62 on metabolism, health and disease Andrew Bell, Emmanuele Severi, Nathalie Juge and Gavin H. Thomas The range of microbial uses of sialic acid. Modelling virus infections of the 66 skin in 3D Sally Roberts and Joanna Parish Understanding infection through the use of organotypic raft cultures. Human noroviruses and gut bacteria: 70 friends, frenemies or both? Matthew D. Moore Advancements and future directions in norovirus research. The intestinal microbiota in health 74 and disease Katharine Seton and Simon R. Carding The role of the microbiome in human health. 46:2 May 2019 Features Regulars 57 Elinor P. Thompson, 49 Editorial Chair of the Eukaryotic Division 52 Council 2019 A Q&A with Elinor Thompson. 53 From the President 82 Grants 54 From the Chief Executive Spotlight on Harry Smith Vacation Studentships. 55 News 78 Annual Conference 2019 and 2020 83 Career Focus – Putting together your CV 80 Focused Meetings 2019 A summary of the topics covered in the CV workshop at Annual Conference 2019. 94 Reviews 84 Open research: it’s more than open access Editor Rowena Jenkins Open science and fair data. Managing Editor Ruth Paget Production
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Table of Contents
    Table of Contents Verbal Presentations Verbal Presentations – Monday………………………………………………………...................... Page 2 Verbal Presentations – Tuesday……………………………………………………………………… Page 17 Verbal Presentations – Wednesday………………………………………………………..…….….. Page 32 Verbal Presentations – Thursday……………………….……………………………….………..…. Page 46 Poster Presentations Poster Presentations – Monday…………………………………………………………………..…. Page 52 Poster Presentations – Tuesday……………………………………………………………..……… Page 64 Poster Presentations – Wednesday……………………………………………………….……….. Page 77 Poster Presentations – Thursday……………………………………….………………….……….. Page 90 Page 1 of 99 Verbal Presentations Monday, May 15th 8:30 – 10 AM Grumman A Microsimulation Approach to Estimating Annual Risk in QMRA. Coping with Non-Random Variation in Risk Amongst Populations Paul Hunter, The Norwich Medical School, University of East Anglia Additional Author: James Maas Most QMRA studies have focused on refining the estimation of the daily risk comparatively little thought has been given to estimating the annual risk. As pointed out by Karavarsamis and Hamilton most studies have used a relatively simple method of estimating annual risk from the distribution of daily risks, namely 1-(1-Pd)^365 (1). This approach essentially assumes that the daily risk is constant through the year and Karavarsamis and Hamilton, with justification, refer to this approach as "Naϊve". Instead they propose a stochastic approach that essentially samples the distribution of daily risks and then calculates the annual risk as 1-the product of (1- 365 randomly sampled daily risk), calling this the "Gold Standard Approach". We argue that Karavarsamis and Hamilton's gold standard approach is also naϊve. Daily risks in any one individual are neither constant through a year nor are they entirely random. For example, across a population some people drink a lot of water each day and others drink very little. Other factors like the concentration of pathogen in a supply may vary much more randomly.
    [Show full text]
  • The Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus Replication Complex
    The Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus Replication Complex: Dissecting the Role of the Viral Polymerase (3Dpol) and Investigating Interactions with Phosphatidylinositol-4-kinase (PI4K) Eleni-Anna Loundras Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Molecular and Cellular Biology August 2017 The candidate confirms that the work submitted is her own, except where work which has formed part of jointly authored publications has been included. The contribution of the candidate and the other authors to this work has been explicitly indicated below. The candidate confirms that appropriate credit has been given within the thesis where reference has been made to the work of others. The work appearing in Chapter 3 and Chapter 4 of the thesis has appeared in publications as follow: • Employing transposon mutagenesis in investigate foot-and-mouth disease virus replication. Journal of Virology (2015), 96 (12), pp 3507-3518., DOI: 10.1099/jgv.0.000306. Morgan R. Herod (MRH), Eleni-Anna Loundras (EAL), Joseph C. Ward, Fiona Tulloch, David J. Rowlands (DJR), Nicola J. Stonehouse (NJS). The author (EAL) was responsible for assisting with preparation of experiments and production of experimental data. MRH, as primary author drafted the manuscript and designed the experiments. NJS and DJR conceived the idea, supervised the project, and edited the manuscript. • Both cis and trans activities of foot-and-mouth disease virus 3D polymerase are essential for viral replication. Journal of Virology (2016), 90 (15), pp 6864-688., DOI: 10.1128/JVI.00469-16. Morgan R. Herod, Cristina Ferrer-Orta, Eleni-Anna Loundras, Joseph C.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbiology Society
    MICROBIOLOGY TODAY 47:1 May 2020 Microbiology Today May 2020 47:1 Why Microbiology Matters – 75th anniversary issue Why Microbiology Matters We are celebrating our 75th anniversary by showcasing why microbiology matters and the impact of microbiologists past, present and future. MICROBIOLOGY TODAY 47:1 May 2020 Microbiology Today May 2020 47:1 Why Microbiology Matters – 75th anniversary issue Why Microbiology Matters We are celebrating our 75th anniversary by showcasing why microbiology matters and the impact of microbiologists past, present and future. Editorial Welcome to Microbiology Today, which has a new look. This issue is the first of two special editions of the magazine to be published in the 75th anniversary year of the Microbiology Society. As we look back and celebrate during 2020, we are also considering ‘Why Microbiology Matters’. The longer you think about it, the more you realise how in so many ways it does. Whole Picture ince the first observations of microbes by Antonie van thrive in extreme conditions and are found in every niche Leeuwenhoek in the 1600s, our understanding of how around the globe. Smicrobes underpin and impact our lives has advanced Part of the reason for the success of microbes in these considerably. From discovering their life cycles and roles within varied environments is their genetic plasticity. Charles Dorman various environmental niches to harnessing them in industrial introduces the next section on microbial genetics and the role processes, and, not least, our ability to utilise them for good, to it has played in advancing modern biotechnology. From the vaccinate and treat diseases, with many diseases now known original discovery of restriction enzymes through to potential to be caused by microbes.
    [Show full text]
  • It Is with Great Pleasure That I Write This, My First
    Front cover illustration: The development of ‘activity directed synthesis’ by the Nelson and Warriner groups. Its application to the discovery of novel small molecule scaffolds with agonist activity against the androgen receptor was published in Nature Chemistry and is described on pages 57-58. Acknowledgement The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology thanks its many sponsors for support of the work and its members for writing these reports. The report is edited by David Brockwell. This report is also available electronically via http://www.astbury.leeds.ac.uk i Mission Statement The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology will promote interdisciplinary research of the highest standard on the structure and function of biological molecules, biomolecular assemblies and complexes using physico-chemical, molecular biological and computational approaches. ii Introduction Another year has passed by very quickly and it does not seem long since I was writing the Introduction to last years’ Astbury Annual Report! 2014 proved to be another busy and successful year for the Centre, as this letter and the scientific reports that follow portray. In the following pages you will find new and exciting research which spans fundamental research in Structural Molecular Biology, Biophysics, Chemical Biology and Cell Biology, alongside the exploitation of the results obtained in biotechnology, bioengineering and medicine, each made possible by the inter- and multidisciplinary research within the Centre. I would like to thank every member of the Centre for their hard work over the year: our Support staff, Technicians, Facility Managers, Students, Post-docs, Fellows and Academic staff. Our success comes from our strong multidisciplinary science, as well as our collegiality and teamwork.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbiology Society Has Been Publishing Research for , and Now Has a Portfolio of Children Eating Probiotic Yogurt in Mwanza, Tanzania
    Microbiology Annual Conference 2019 8–11 APRIL, BELFAST WATERFRONT, UK TODAY 45:3 August 2018 Microbiology 45:3 Microbes Today August 2018 and Food Registration and abstract submission open August 2018 Abstract submission deadline: 10 December 2018 Grants deadline: 31 January 2019 Registration closes: 11 March 2019 @MicrobioSoc #Microbio19 Discover more at: microbiologysociety.org/annualconference Email: [email protected] Microbes and Food Using microbes to influence flavour production Microbial diversity in the digestive tract of herbivores Join over 1,400 delegates for three and a half days of Mycoprotein production and food sustainability Foodborne diseases: sequencing for answers presentations, posters and networking. Bacteriophage therapy in livestock: food for thought? Conference Flyer 2019 A4 v5.indd 1 17/04/2018 10:39 5 REASONS Since 2004, I have been committed to giving people in Africa access to probiotics. With amazing colleagues, we are now providing the opportunity for everyday citizens in TO PUBLISH WITH US villages and towns in Tanzania, Kenya and Uganda to produce probiotic fermented food (www.yoba4life.org, www.westernheadseast.ca). WE ARE A LEADING PUBLISHER IN THE These efforts are reaching over FIELD OF MICROBIOLOGY 250,000 people, while in Argentina, a wonderful school programme is doing The Microbiology Society has been publishing research for , and now has a portfolio of Children eating probiotic yogurt in Mwanza, Tanzania. Gregor Reid 69 years 1 the same through a locally discovered six peer-reviewed journals, with over 3,500 articles submitted in 2015. our hospital instituting probiotics as experiments in mice. I suspect less than probiotic yogurt. standard therapy for premature, low 10% of these projects ever make the birth weight newborns, and while the slightest dent in that disease.
    [Show full text]
  • Download Astbury Centre Brochure
    The Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular Biology ASTBURY CENTRE UNDERSTANDING LIFE IN MOLECULAR DETAIL THE ASTBURY CENTRE CONTENTS Welcome to the Astbury Centre 03 RESEARCH THEMES 04 RESEARCH CAPABILITIES Chemical Biology 08 Structural Biology 10 Biophysics 12 Molecular Interactions in Cells 14 WELCOME TO THE INDUSTRY PARTNERSHIPS 16 FACILITIES 18 ASTBURY CENTRE PhD TRAINING 20 LIFE IN THE ASTBURY CENTRE 21 Welcome to the Astbury Centre for Structural Molecular The Astbury Centre’s pre-eminence Biology. Our Centre was formally constituted in 1999 in Structural Molecular Biology could STAFF PROFILES 22 and uses the latest tools available to understand life unlock the secrets of mankind’s in molecular detail. We hope that you will find much HISTORY 26 of interest in this brochure that describes the full range deadliest diseases. of the Centre’s activities. Our centre today is a lively, buoyant and invigorating CONTACT US 26 The Astbury Centre brings together around 70 academic research arena that allows new research discoveries to be staff and 400 researchers (including PhD students, made. The aims of the Centre are to research mechanisms ASTBURY REPORTS 27 post-doctoral scientists and research fellows) from physics, that underpin health and disease and to develop new tools, the biological and medical sciences and chemistry to facilitate methods and technologies. interdisciplinary approaches to unravel life’s mechanisms. These aims are focussed on distinctive strengths in the The Centre has outstanding expertise and research Centre: the dynamic interactome; communication at the infrastructure with all the major techniques required to carry cell membrane; enabling tools for biological and medical out world-class structural molecular and cellular biology discovery healthcare and host-pathogen interactions.
    [Show full text]
  • Legal-Graphics 10-05 COVID
    Days since first COVID-19 Events sign of virus Indonesia North Carolina 24 Pennsylvania 26 Countries Affected Wyoming Madagascar 49 Ecuador Kyrgyzstan Massachusetts India New Hamshire 25 South Carolina 32 Philippines Feb. 18, 2020 Chile North Dakota Montserrat Zimbabwe 56 Country Name 62 Macau Nepal Illinois Ireland 31 Barbados El Salvador Washington 53 Italy Russia Georgia 28 So. Africa Peru Missouri Nebraska Bolivia 13 15 California Worldwide Argentina New Mexico Montana New Caledonia Papau or Coronavirus Deaths Austria Netherlands 17 Minnesota 19 Arizona 24 Kansas 23 13 Gambia Mauritius Taiwan Hong Kong Malaysia Sri Lanka India UK New York 19 New Jersey Tennessee 25 Connecticut 14 Turkey Michigan Mississippi 21 Maine 20 over 2,000 Nicaragua Cape Verde >5,000 Deaths* Wisconsin 13 South Korea Vietnam Australia Cambodia UAE Spain Switzerland Pakistan Oregon 24 Florida 31 Colorado 21 Maryland 25 Kentucky 19 Utah Virginia Vermont 26 Ohio 14 South Dakota Delaware 13 Idaho 12 Montenegro Bermuda or East Timor China France Thailand Japan US Singapore Canada Germany Finland Sweden Belgium Egypt Iran Israel Iraq Brazil Mexico Rhode Island 27 Texas 29 Nevada 27 Hawaii 17 Indiana 17 Oklahoma 15 Iowa Lousiana 13 St. Vincent Arkansas Alaska 15 Alabama 22 St. Maarten Djibouti West Virginia 6 # Number of countries Uganda reporting on same day France ? 11 5 4 8 3 Bangladesh 20 9 7 6 (symbol is linked to page with more detail) 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64 65 66 67 68 69 70 71 72 73 74 75 76 77 78 79 80 81 82 83 84 85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 93 94 95 96 97 98 99 100 101 102 103 104 105 106 107 108 109 110 111 112 113 114 115 116 117 118 119 120 121 122 123 124 125 US States Affected Nov.
    [Show full text]
  • Transient Expression of Poliovirus-Like Particles in Plants
    Transient expression of poliovirus-like particles in plants. Developing a synthetic polio vaccine by Johanna Dörte Marsian This thesis is submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of East Anglia. John Innes Centre, Norwich, UK September 2016 © This copy of the thesis has been supplied on condition that anyone who consults it is understood to recognise that its copyright rests with the author and that use of any information derived there from must be in accordance with current UK Copyright Law. In addition, any quotation or extract must include full attribution. Declaration DECLARATION I hereby certify that the work contained within this thesis is my own original work, except where due reference is made to other contributing authors. This thesis is submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of East Anglia and has not been submitted to this or any other university for any other qualification. Johanna D. Marsian 2 Abstract ABSTRACT Plants, or cell suspension cultures derived from them, are a promising platform for the production of biologics and pharmaceuticals. In this work transient expression utilising the pEAQ vector system was deployed for the expression of virus-like particles (VLPs) in Nicotiana benthamiana or N. tabacum BY-2 cell suspension cultures. The results presented in this thesis demonstrate the potential of plant systems for the production of VLP-based vaccines. VLPs of the fish virus, Nervous necrosis virus (NNV), were successfully produced in plants by transient expression of the coat protein. The protein self-assembled into T = 3 particles, which appeared to be morphologically identical to the wild-type NNV when analysed by high resolution microscopy but were devoid of nucleic acid.
    [Show full text]
  • Conserved Elements Within the Genome of Foot-And-Mouth Disease Virus; Their Influence on Viral Replication
    Downloaded from orbit.dtu.dk on: Oct 06, 2021 Conserved elements within the genome of foot-and-mouth disease virus; their influence on viral replication Kjær, Jonas Publication date: 2017 Document Version Publisher's PDF, also known as Version of record Link back to DTU Orbit Citation (APA): Kjær, J. (2017). Conserved elements within the genome of foot-and-mouth disease virus; their influence on viral replication. Danmarks Tekniske Universitet (DTU). General rights Copyright and moral rights for the publications made accessible in the public portal are retained by the authors and/or other copyright owners and it is a condition of accessing publications that users recognise and abide by the legal requirements associated with these rights. Users may download and print one copy of any publication from the public portal for the purpose of private study or research. You may not further distribute the material or use it for any profit-making activity or commercial gain You may freely distribute the URL identifying the publication in the public portal If you believe that this document breaches copyright please contact us providing details, and we will remove access to the work immediately and investigate your claim. Conserved elements within the genome of foot-and-mouth disease virus; their influence on viral replication PhD Thesis · 2017 Jonas Kjær Technical University of Denmark National Veterinary Institute Lindholm Supervisors Graham J. Belsham, Professor National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kalvehave, Denmark Thomas B. Rasmussen, Senior Researcher National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Kalvehave, Denmark Assessment committee Lars E. Larsen, Professor National Veterinary Institute, Technical University of Denmark, Lyngby, Denmark Martin D.
    [Show full text]
  • Microbiology Society Since 2016 and Won the 2018 Sir Howard Clarity to the Larger Picture, and Open Dalton Young Microbiologist of the Year Prize
    Microbiology TODAY Microbiology Metabolism, 46:2 Today May 2019 Health and Disease 46:2 May 2019 Metabolism, Health and Disease Where bacterial metabolism and virulence intersect How sialic acid impacts on metabolism, health and disease Modelling virus infections of the skin in 3D Human noroviruses and gut bacteria: friends, frenemies or both? The intestinal microbiota in health and disease health and disease are yet to be Ghannoum M, The Scientist. The investigated, and who knows what Mycobiome;2016. https://www.the-scientist. Why does microbiology matter? implications these will hold for human com/features/the-mycobiome-34129 Farhana: Microbes include a hugely health. [accessed 26 February 2019]. versatile range of organisms. They Hall RA, Noverr MC. Fungal interactions with are integral to the functioning of most Further reading the human host: exploring the spectrum of ecosystems, yet we are still in our Dhamgaye S, Qu Y, Peleg AY. Polymicrobial symbiosis. Curr Opin Microbiol 2017;40:58–64. infancy in understanding their impact. infections involving clinically relevant Gram- Quinton, J. Fungal mediated innate immune Courtney: Micro-organisms coat every negative bacteria and fungi. Cell Microbiol memory, what have we learned? Semin Cell surface around us, on us, and in 2016;18:1716–1722. Dev Biol, in press. our bodies. By understanding how microbes function and how they can Courtney Kousser impact us, we can better learn how to Institute of Microbiology and Infection, School of Biosciences, work with them or fight them. University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK Rebecca: Studying all aspects of e [email protected] microbiology is important to enhance @cakousser our understanding and to make new Courtney Kousser is a fourth year PhD student in Dr Rebecca discoveries.
    [Show full text]
  • Downloaded Here: Www
    NINTH EDITION Kenneth Murphy, Washington University School of Medicine, USA Casey Weaver, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA Microbiology Janeway’s Immunobiology is a textbook for students studying immunology at the undergraduate, graduate, and medical school levels. As an introductory text, students will appreciate the book’s clear writing and informative illustrations, while advanced students and working immunologists will value its comprehensive scope and depth. The Ninth Edition has been thoroughly revised bringing the content up-to-date with significant developments in the field, especially on the topic of innate immunity, and improving the presentation of topics across chapters for better continuity. TODAY Also new to the Ninth Edition is a Question Bank available to adopting instructors, and the Garland Science Learning System which allows instructors to assign online tutorials with assessments on specific immunology topics and review the 43:2 May 2016 performance of the entire class, as well as individual students, via the instructor dashboard. April 2016 • Paperback • 928pp • 624 illus 978-0-8153-4551-0 • £60.00 Microbiology Today New Seventh Edition Case Studies in Immunology Raif Geha and Luigi Notarangelo, both at Harvard Medical School, USA Case Studies in Immunology, Seventh Editionis intended for medical students and 43:2 May 2016 undergraduate and graduate students in immunology. It presents major topics of immunology through a selection of clinical cases that reinforce and extend the basic science. Each case history is preceded by essential scientific facts about the immunological mechanisms of that specific disorder. The cases themselves demonstrate how immunological problems are deconstructed in the clinic and each one is followed by a concise summary of the clinical finding and questions which can serve as discussion points.
    [Show full text]
  • Legal-Graphics 5-1 COVID.Cdr
    Number of days COVID-19 Events since first sign of virus Updated 5-1-20 Link to China Source 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 Nov. 17, 2019 Dec. 1, 2019 Dec. 10, 2019 Dec. 30, 2019 Jan. 7, 2020 China’s first China’s first case Wei Guixian, a Dr. Ai Fen posts Outbreak in China known case of has no reported 57-year-old Chinese an image of a is identified as coronavirus link to Wuhan woman, falls ill diagnostic report a new coronavirus Countries Affected US States Affected Signs of Virus Seafood Market while working showing that at the the patient had a Huanan Seafood pneumonia Jan. 9, 2020 or or Wholesale Market infection caused by First known death a SARS-like from virus: A coronavirus 61-year-old Chinese Dec. 16, 2019 Key Events male who >5,000 Deaths* >1,000 Deaths* # Guixian is admitted Dec. 30, 2019 frequented Wuhan to the hospital. Seafood Market A doctor there Dr. Li Wenliang describes her illness shares Dr. Fen’s or Good News! as “ruthless” and post tells her several other people from Dec. 31, 2019 Number of countries Number of days after the same market # had already come Chinese Health reporting on same day first confirmed case in with similar officials inform WHO Oklahoma Events symptoms about a cluster (symbol is linked to that a shelter-in-place of 41 patients with a mysterious page with more detail) order was enacted pneumonia * Numbers of lives lost is as of timeline revision date * Washington 62 Illinois 56 California 53 Russia Pennsylvania 26 Wyoming Montana 15 Sri Lanka UK 32 Ohio 14 North Dakota Mar.
    [Show full text]