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Los Héroes De TV Preferidos

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Los Héroes De TV Preferidos New Children’s favourite TV heroes Which TV heroes top German girls’ and boys’ lists right now? The International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television at Bavarian Broadcasting Station questioned 716 randomly selected children aged 6 to 12¹ concerning their current favourite television characters. Through qualitative interviews with a further 300+ children we explored the reasons for their enthusiasm. Children’s favourite TV characters in Germany (6-12 years) Boys Girls SpongeBob (18%) Hannah Montana (28%) Ben 10 (9%) Barbie (7%) Bart Simpson (6%) Kim Possible (5%) Batman (5%) Bob Esponja (4%) Bob the Builder (4%) Bibi Blocksberg (3%) Homer Simpson (3%) Princess Lillifee (2%) Source: IZI, 4th quarter 2010; Basis: n = 716 children aged 6-12, rep. random sample Girls: a search for ideals, accompanied by a desire to rediscover themselves. Among girls, Hannah Montana is the most popular television character by a large margin. They enjoy the comedy, but also say she portrays their emotional life particularly well. They recognise themselves in Miley’s problems and struggles, and enjoy it all the more because she manages to keep cool. Miley (and to an even greater degree Hannah) thereby reflects adolescent girls’ wish- fulfilment fantasies and symbolises typical tween identity development. Girls simultaneously regard themselves as remarkably competent like Hannah – for example, in certain school subjects – while also concentrating on their deficiencies and regarding themselves as something of a Miley. Because Miley is somewhat older than the girls themselves, she can become their ideal friend or fantasy sister. The enormous range of licensed “Hannah Montana” merchandise in Germany helps keeping her to be the focus of attention and a cultural trend for girls. _______________________ ¹representative random sampling implemented by Iconkids & Youth, Munich, Germany © International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television (IZI) 1 New Barbie, aired on SuperRTL in various animated features, is the second most popular character, since she is combining adventure with idealised girl features. Secret agent Kim Possible occupies third place in the popularity stakes. Girls report that they identify with her during the programme and then consider how Kim might respond to events in their own everyday lives. The action scenes and Kim’s outstanding competence provide straightforward fun. Interestingly, the character who girls say gives the most accurate reflection of their real daily challenges is Lisa Simpson. She, too, lives in a world in which many people fail to make correct moral decisions, and boys repeatedly get up to mischief. Among younger girls in the study, the media character who to them feels most emotionally “real” is Bibi Blocksberg. Six- to nine-year-olds feel that Bibi would get excited or angry about the same things they do, but they would also love to be a little witch themselves, able to arrange everything just as they imagine with a simple “hex hex!” In this way, the character becomes a springboard for age-specific fantasies of grandeur. Overall, the snapshot in late 2010 shows girls seeking characters in which they can rediscover themselves, peers whose thoughts they share. They watch girls who have a lot of fun and find their own way, who behave in a sweet, cheeky fashion that is also morally in accord with ideal conceptions of a “good girl”. There remains a troubling tendency towards ever slimmer figures on TV, encouraging girls to have unhealthy images of beauty and problematic relationships with their own bodies. Half of the girl cartoon characters in Germany have wasp-like physiques, even slimmer than Barbie’s (the international average is even higher). Boys’ heroes: happy-go-lucky losers and technofreaks SpongeBob continues to be the boys’ favourite character, far and away and for the fifth year in a row. His character has become increasingly boyish though and with an average age of 8.5 years his primary audience is getting older again (in 2007 it was 6.7 years). SpongeBob’s popularity is built on his positive, naïve character, his skills, and an abundance of child-friendly humour. The programme deals with deeper themes like overestimation of self, experience of loss and friendship difficulties, but it does so in a comic fashion that offers boys in particular permission to deal with these difficult topics. Ben 10 occupies second place in the popularity ratings. Underlying boys’ enthusiasm is a fantasy of grandeur based on technology, supporting their desire to cope with challenges through transformation. Boys value how he behaves towards his friends, and could very well imagine him as their brother. Third place is occupied by the loutish Bart Simpson, who reflects precisely what boys, in their own view, experience every day. Everybody wants something from you which you cannot deliver, but through practical jokes and cunning you can still have a lot of fun and outwit others. Still, boys know that this obviously is not the way to negotiate problems, and do not © International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television (IZI) 2 New try to learn anything from Bart. Older boys also are drawn to Homer Simpson, as an absolute anti-hero, standing for all the things you are not supposed to do. As in previous years, boys clearly seek out two different types of male characters. “Happy- go-lucky losers” (e.g. SpongeBob, Bart and Homer Simpson) make up their own rules and, in the process, achieve respect by their abundance of humour. By contrast, the “I can find a way to do it all” hero (e.g. Ben 10, Batman, Bob the Builder) is armed against life’s demands by technology. This reflects the typical gender-specific way in which today’s boys negotiate challenges. Some consider themselves exceptionally capable and use every opportunity afforded them, particularly from new technologies. Others find that they are not quite equal to their challenges and, in order to keep their self-confidence intact, simply redefine the challenges! Thus, they can still define themselves as winners by means of a good prank or clever joke. Contact person: Dr. Maya Götz Head International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television (IZI) Rundfunkplatz 1, 80335 München Tel: + +49 (0) 89 5900 2264 E-mail: [email protected] www.izi.de © International Central Institute for Youth and Educational Television (IZI) 3 .
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