eraser An eraser or rubber is an article of stationery that is used for removing pencil and sometimes pen writings. Erasers have a rubbery consistency and are often white or pink, although modern materials allow them to be made in any cursive allography colour. Many pencils are equipped with an eraser on one Cursive is any style end. Typical erasers are made from synthetic rubber, but The letter a is depicted of handwriting that is dip pen more expensive or specialized erasers can also contain vi- fountain pen with two common glyphs nyl, plastic, or gum-like materials. Other, cheaper erasers ballpoint designed for writing A dip or nib pen consists of a metal nib A fountain pen is a nib pen that, unlike its predecessor the dip pen, contains an internal reservoir which differ between can be made out of synthetic soy-based gum. notes and letters quickly with capillary channels mounted on a of water-based liquid ink. From the reservoir, the ink is drawn through a feed to the nib and then typefaces and handwrit- A ballpoint pen has an internal chamber filled with a vis- by hand. In the Arabic, to the paper via a combination of gravity and capillary action. As a result, the typical fountain pen ing styles. Allography cous ink that is dispensed at tip during use by the rolling handle or holder, often made of wood. Latin, and Cyrillic writing Other materials can be used for the requires little or no pressure to write. is this variation in how action of a small metal sphere made of brass, steel or systems, the letters in letters are formed. tungsten carbide. holder, including bone, metal and plastic, while some pens a word are connected, are made entirely of glass. Dip pens have no ink reservoir; making a word one single therefore the user has to recharge the ink from an ink bowl the j-form complex stroke. In fact, or bottle in order to continue drawing or writing. the word comes from the The J-form is graphite Latin cursivus, meaning one of the basic “flowing”. shapes in script kurrent The mineral graphite is one drawing: the J is drawn on An old form of the allotropes of carbon. the right side of the small of German It is used in pencils, where it i to form the y, it is drawn hand-writing is commonly called lead, as on the right side of the based on late distinguished from the actu- small o to form the g, the medieval cursive al metallic element lead. handwriting J inverted and protracted writing. It is Handwriting or penman- forms the straight f and known in full as ship is the art of writing the J surmounted by Kurrentschrift or with the hand and a uppercasemagazine.com the inverted J forms a Alte Deutsche writing instrument. Styles running f. Schrift. In English, of handwriting are also its name has called hands or scripts. ink been seen short- ened to Schrift.

quill A quill pen is a writing implement made nib India ink (or Indian ink in British English), or less commonly called Chinese ink since it may have been first from a flight feather (preferably a primary ligature TYPEFACE: MRS. EAVES LIGATURES A nib is the part of a quill, dip pen or developed in either India or China, is a simple black ink once widely used for writing and printing, and now wing-feather) of a large bird. In handwriting, a ligature is made by joining two or more characters in a fountain pen which comes into con- more commonly used for drawing, especially when inking comics and comic strips. Indian ink tends to way they wouldn’t usually be, either by merging their parts, writing one tact with the writing surface in order to clog fountain pens if not used for long time; it then becomes necessary to use water to unclog it. An excep- above another or one inside another. In printing, a ligature is a group of deposit ink. They vary in their purpose, tion to this is Pelikan Fount India, which does not contain shellac, the substance which causes clogging. characters that is typeset as a unit. shape, size, as well as the material they are made from.

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A felt-tip pen, Designed so that the pen Before the invention LETTER SCRIPT THE WIKIPEDIA, IAMPETH.COM, SOURCES: Using ballpoint mechanisms with water-based or marker, is a pen which point is headed in the direc- of blotting paper, fine liquid or gelled ink, as opposed to the oil-based has its own ink-source, tion of the stroke and pitched at the right powder was sprinkled viscous inks found in ballpoint pens, these less viscous inks and usually a tip made of angle necessary for left handed lettering over wet ink to hasten tend to saturate more deeply and more widely into paper. a porous material, such as tip or for accomplishing Copperplate/Spen- drying. It was prepared felt or nylon. Sharpen your universal cerian Script and scroll work. from finely ground salt, pencil points! penman fine sand, or powdered soft minerals such as talc or soapstone.

George Bickham the Elder (1684–1758) was zanerian an English writing master and engraver best known Charles Paxton Zaner (1864–1918) founded spencerian script for his engraving work in the Zanerian College of Penmanship in Co- Platt Rogers Spencer was impressed with the idea that America needed Before the development of dedicated pencil sharpeners, The Universal Penman, lumbus, Ohio. Students trained for careers as a penmanship style that could be written quickly, legibly, and elegantly pencils were sharpened by shaving with a knife. Mechan- a collection from twen- vellum penmen, illustrators, engravers and engross- to aid in matters of business correspondence as well as personal let- ical sharpeners made this task much easier and gave a ty-six London penman- A mammal skin prepared ers (specialists in the kind of ornamental ter-writing. This style flourished in the United States from 1850 to 1925. more uniform result. ship masters in 1733. for writing or printing. TYPEFACE: COMPENDIUM writing used for diplomas and certificates).