Captain George Pointer
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"Bonds of Friendship and Mutual Interest": Virginia's Waterways Improvement Companies, 1784--1828
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 2000 "Bonds of friendship and mutual interest": Virginia's waterways improvement companies, 1784--1828 Lawrence Jeffrey Perez College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Perez, Lawrence Jeffrey, ""Bonds of friendship and mutual interest": Virginia's waterways improvement companies, 1784--1828" (2000). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539623975. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-bef5-8b81 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. INFORMATION TO USERS This manuscript has been reproduced from the microfilm master. UMI films the text directly from the original or copy submitted. Thus, some thesis and dissertation copies are in typewriter face, while others may be from any type of computer printer. The quality of this reproduction is dependent upon the quality of the copy submitted. Broken or indistinct print, colored or poor quality illustrations and photographs, print bleedthrough, substandard margins, and improper alignment can adversely affect reproduction. In the unlikely event that the author did not send UMI a complete manuscript and there are missing pages, these will be noted. Also, if unauthorized copyright material had to be removed, a note will indicate the deletion. Oversize materials (e.g., maps, drawings, charts) are reproduced by sectioning the original, beginning at the upper left-hand comer and continuing from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. -
Site Report: Alexandria Federal Courthouse, Phase I
Alexandria' Federal Courthouse Phase I Historical and Archaeological Investigation' Alexandria, Virgi,nia ;~?~: :fr<,»1:' ~/ v" \~ :"::;~, <"' ,'" Submitted to Sverdrup Corporation ' Arlington, Virginia for General- Services Administration Washington, D.C. i',';' , ":" .•. ,, . June 19S1 'FW020 Engineering-Science, Inc. 1133 Fifteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 ALEXANDRIA FEDERAL COURTHOUSE PHASE I HISTORICAL AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL INVESTIGATION ALEXANDRIA, VIRGINIA Madeleine Pappas Janice G.Artemel Elizabeth A. Crowell June 1991 " • Submitted to Sverdrup Corporation Arlington, Virginia for General Services Administration Washington, D.C. Engineering-Science, Inc. 1133 Fifteenth Street, N.W. Washington, D.C. 20005 • ) . J Alex{llIdria Federal Courthouse Phase I Ardzaeological Investigation • TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents 1 List of Figures II List of Plates . III Acknowledgements IV I. Introduction A ProjeCt Location and Description 1 B. Methodology and Research Orientation 1 II. Existing Conditions 4 A .Climate 4 B. Geology and Soils 4 C. Stratigraphy 5 ill. Previous Investigations 11 IV. Previous Land Use 14 A. Prehistoric Summary 14 B. Historic Background 18 C. Project Area Property Title History 37 /V. Evaluation of Resources 41 • A Summary of Previous Site Use 41 B. Analysis of Subsurface Testing 42 C. Prehistoric Archaeological Potential 44 D. Historic Archaeological Potential 45 E. Summary of Archaeological Potential at BlockI 48 VI. Recommendations 51 Bibliography 54 , Appendices 63 A. List of Personnel 63 B. Resumes of Key Personnel 64 • Alexandria Federal Cowthouse Phase I Archaeological Investigation 11 LIST OF FIGURES • 1 . Project Location 2 2. Soil Borings 6 3. VVestAJexandria, 1804 20 4. AJexandria, 1845 23 5. U.S. Army Encampments South and VVest of AJexandria, 1861 25 6. -
George Washington Papers, Series 2, Letterbooks 1754-1799
George Washington Papers, Series 2, Letterbooks 1754-1799 To LUND WASHINGTON February 28, 1778. …If you should happen to draw a prize in the militia , I must provide a man, either there or here, in your room; as nothing but your having the charge of my business, and the entire confidence I repose in you, could make me tolerable easy from home for such a length of time as I have been, and am likely to be. This therefore leads me to say, that I hope no motive, however powerful, will induce you to leave my business, whilst I, in a manner, am banished from home; because I should be unhappy to see it in common hands. For this reason, altho' from accidents and misfortunes not to be averted by human foresight, I make little or nothing from my Estate, I am still willing to increase your wages, and make it worth your while to continue with me. To go on in the improvement of my Estate in the manner heretofore described to you, fulfilling my plans, and keeping my property together, are the principal objects I have in view during these troubles; and firmly believing that they will be accomplished under your management, as far as circumstances and acts of providence will allow, I feel quite easy under disappointments; which I should not do, if my business was in common hands, 38 liable to suspicions. I am, etc. 38. Extract in “Washington's Letter Book, No. 5.” Lund answered (March 18): “By your letter I should suppose you were apprehensive I intended to leave you. -
Courier-V35n10.Pdf
COURIER COVER This month's cover photo, taken by (DURIER Harpers Ferry Center photographer NEWSMAGAZINE OF THE NATIONAL PARK SERVICE Ashton Graham, exemplifies some of the vigor Volume 35, Number 10 October 1990 and enthusiasm that goes into an HFC produc tion. Although this "Spaniard" is not dressed in the typical clothing of the day, his enthusiasm makes up for the minor details. Other actors in San Juan NHS's soon-to-be released film come closer to the "real thing," as indicated by the photo spread which begins on page 9. FEATURES STAFF Mary Maruca — Editor THE IMAGES STILL WORK 500 YEARS LATER — 5 Ricardo Lewis — Art & Production WHY TAKE A TRIP TO BOUNTIFUL - WONT ANAHEIM DO? — 9 RANGERS BRING HISTORY TO LIFE ADVISORS AT INDEPENDENCE NHP — 12 George J. Bcrklacy — Associate Publisher Theresa Wood — Executive Director, E&AA NPS EMPLOYEE FINDS DREAM CAREER Naomi Hunt — E&AA Editor AT CHANNEL ISLANDS — 16 Editorial Offices — 202/208-4996 A SENSE OF SOLITUDE — 18 FTS - 268-4996 NEW DIRECTIONS — 20 National Park Service U.S. Department of the Interior DEPARTMENTS COMMENTARY — 2 PARK BRIEFS —21 NPS PEOPLE —23 E&AA —27 The Director's Report COLUMBUS' LEGACY This month we observe Columbus Day, and I the encounter between the many Indian cultures thought it a good time to focus attention on some in the Americas and the Europeans. of the many programs and efforts already begun In interpreting the Columbus Quinccntenni in preparation for the Columbus Quinccntennial. al and the role the Spanish have played in our As we all learned as children, "In fourteen hun history, we have the complex task of recogniz dred and ninety-two, Columbus sailed the ocean ing and dealing not only with their role, but all blue." Thus, 1992 will be the 500th anniversary the dimensions and facets of our history. -
Corridor Analysis for the Potomac Heritage National Scenic Trail in Northern Virginia
Corridor Analysis For The Potomac Heritage National Scenic Trail In Northern Virginia June 2011 Acknowledgements The Northern Virginia Regional Commission (NVRC) wishes to acknowledge the following individuals for their contributions to this report: Don Briggs, Superintendent of the Potomac Heritage National Scenic Trail for the National Park Service; Liz Cronauer, Fairfax County Park Authority; Mike DePue, Prince William Park Authority; Bill Ference, City of Leesburg Park Director; Yon Lambert, City of Alexandria Department of Transportation; Ursula Lemanski, Rivers, Trails and Conservation Assistance Program for the National Park Service; Mark Novak, Loudoun County Park Authority; Patti Pakkala, Prince William County Park Authority; Kate Rudacille, Northern Virginia Regional Park Authority; Jennifer Wampler, Virginia Department of Conservation and Recreation; and Greg Weiler, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. The report is an NVRC staff product, supported with funds provided through a cooperative agreement with the National Capital Region National Park Service. Any assessments, conclusions, or recommendations contained in this report represent the results of the NVRC staff’s technical investigation and do not represent policy positions of the Northern Virginia Regional Commission unless so stated in an adopted resolution of said Commission. The views expressed in this document are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the jurisdictions, the National Park Service, or any of its sub agencies. Funding for this report was through a cooperative agreement with The National Park Service Report prepared by: Debbie Spiliotopoulos, Senior Environmental Planner Northern Virginia Regional Commission with assistance from Samantha Kinzer, Environmental Planner The Northern Virginia Regional Commission 3060 Williams Drive, Suite 510 Fairfax, VA 22031 703.642.0700 www.novaregion.org Page 2 Northern Virginia Regional Commission As of May 2011 Chairman Hon. -
Discover the Potomac Gorge
Discover the Potomac Gorge: A National Treasure n the outskirts of Washington, D.C., O the Potomac River passes through a landscape of surprising beauty and ecological significance. Here, over many millennia, an unusual combination of natural forces has produced a unique corridor known as the Potomac Gorge. This 15-mile river stretch is one of the country’s most biologically diverse areas, home to more than 1,400 plant species. Scientists have identified at least 30 distinct natural vegetation communities, several of which are globally rare and imperiled. The Gorge also supports a rich array of animal life, from rare invertebrates to the bald eagle and fish like the American shad. g g n n In total, the Potomac Gorge provides habitat to i i m m e e l l F F more than 200 rare plant species and natural . P P y y r r communities, making it one of the most important a a G G © © natural areas in the eastern United States. The heart of the Potomac Gorge is also known as Mather Gorge, named This riverside prairie at Great Falls, Virginia, results from periodic river flooding, after Stephen T. Mather, first director of the National Park Service. a natural disturbance that creates and sustains rare habitats. g g g n n n i i i e n m m m e r y e e e l l l a e l F F F P C . y e P P P e L y y y v f r r r r f a a a a e G G H G J © © © © © Flowering dogwood, a native forest understory species in our Specially adapted to withstand river The Potomac Gorge is home to Clinging precariously to the cliff’s edge, Brightly colored in its immature form, a reptile known as the region, is being decimated by an introduced fungal disease. -
George Washington's Farewell Address My Account | Register | Help
George Washington's farewell address My Account | Register | Help My Dashboard Get Published Home Books Search Support About Get Published Us Most Popular New Releases Top Picks eBook Finder... SEARCH G E O R G E W A S H I N G T O N ' S F A R E W E L L A D D R E S S Article Id: WHEBN0001291578 Reproduction Date: Title: George Washington's Farewell Address Author: World Heritage Encyclopedia Language: English Subject: Collection: Publisher: World Heritage Encyclopedia Publication Date: Flag as Inappropriate Email this Article GEORGE WASHINGTON'S FAREWELL ADDRESS George Washington's Farewell Address is a letter written by the first American [1] Washington wrote the This article is part of a series about letter near the end of his second term as President, before his retirement to his home Mount Vernon. George Washington Originally published in Daved Claypole's American Daily Advertiser on September 19, 1796, under the title "The Address of General Washington To The People of The United States on his declining of the Presidency of the United States," the letter was almost immediately reprinted in newspapers across the country and later in a pamphlet form.[2] The work was later named a "Farewell Address," as it was Washington's valedictory after 20 years of service to the new nation. It is a classic statement of republicanism, warning Americans of the political dangers they can and must avoid if they are to remain true to their values. The first draft was originally prepared in 1792 with the assistance of James Madison,[3] as Washington prepared to retire following a single term in office. -
THE Nicrloi.J,S FAMILY of VIRGINIA, 1722-1820 Victor Dennis Golladay
THE NICrlOI.J,S FAMILY OF VIRGINIA, 1722-1820 Victor Dennis Golladay Waynesboro, Virginia B.S., Madison College, l�b3 M.A., University of Virginia, 1�69 A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Corcoran Department of History University of Virginia June, 1973 ABSTRACT During the late colonial, revolutionary, and early national periods of Virginia history, the Nicholas family furnished the state and the new nation with leaders on all political levels. For example, Robert Carter Nicholas of Williamsburg held the high post of Treasurer of Virginia from 1766 to 1776, while his sons served in posts in three states -- Virginia, Kentucky, and New York -- and in the new national government as spokesmen for the Jeffersonian Republicans. Yet, after 1820 the Nicholases provided very few leaders of note, and any influence formerly held by the family died. The rise and fall of the Nicholas family provides an interesting insight into the social patterns of' Virginia's elite. In 1722, the founder of the family, George Nicholas of Manston, Dorset, was trans ported to Virginia for life in lieu of being hanged for forgery and counterfeiting. Despite his disgrace, George Nicholas quickly carved a place among Virginia's social elite. Using his English gentry back ground, Cambridge education, and slight medical training to maximum advantage, he styled himself a physician, married the eldest daughter of Virginia's wealthiest planter, acquired large tracts of Piedmont land, and ultimately served in the House of Burgesses as the representative of the College of William and Mary. -
Great Fads Park, Potomac River, Virginia
Geomotphology, Vegetation, and Patowmack Canal Constmction Problems: Great FaDs Park, Potomac River, Virginia Potomac River Gorge, Virginia July t 3, t 989 Field Trip Guidebook T236 Leader: Nancy M. Milton Associate Leader: Robert S. Sigafoos American Geophysical Union, Washington, D.C. Published 1989 by American Geophysical Union 2000 Florida Ave., N.W., Washington, D.C. 20009 ISBN: 0-87590-582-X Printed in the United States of America COVER Photograph of the Great Falls of the Potomac River from the Visitors Center, Great Falls Park, Virginia. Leader: Nancy M. Milton U.S. Geological Survey 927 National Center Reston, VA 22092 Associate Leader: Robert S. Sigafoos U.S. Geological Survey 927 National Center Reston, VA 22092 IGC FIELD TRIP T236: GEOMORPHOLOGY, VEGETATION, AND PATOWMACK CANAL CONSTRUCTION PROBLEMS: GREAT FALLS PARK, POTOMAC RIVER, VIRGINIA N. M. Milton AND R. S. Sigafoos U.S. Geological Survey The spectacular landscape of the of the uplands, relict terrace deposits, Great Falls of the Potomac River, including rounded boulders and gravel, approximately 25 kilometers northwest of are preserved. Washington, D.C., is the result of Vegetation reflects the differences prolonged geological and biological in the physical environment. Some tree processes. The slow downcutting of the and shrub species are widespread, but resistant bedrock by the river, many grow only on selected types of controlled in part by faults and terrain. Sycamore, silver maple, box jointing, the weathering of the rock, elder, and green ash grow only on active and the continuous growth of the forest flood plains. Chestnut oak, post oak, have interacted to produce the present and red oak are found where bedrock is landscape. -
Patowmack Canal Brochure
Few ventures were dearer to George Washington than his plan to make Back on the Potomac, the Patowmack the Potomac River navigable as far as the Ohio River Valley. In the Company faced many obstacles. uncertain period after the Revolutionary War, Washington believed that Narrow and winding in places, the river better transportation and trade would draw lands west of the Allegheny drops over 600 feet in 200 miles from Mountains into the United States and "bind those people to us by a chain Cumberland to sea level. Spring rains which never can be broken." swell the river to dangerous heights; summer droughts can render it "The way," Washington wrote, "is easy and dictated by our impassable. In order to allow boats to clearest interest. It is to open a wide door, and make a smooth navigate the river, sections of the way for the produce of that Country to pass to our Markets ... " riverbed were dredged, and five bypass canals were built around the roughest A WATERWAY WEST stretches of water. The Potomac River could be that "door." It was the shortest route between tidewater, with access to East Coast and Trans-Atlantic trade, and The most demanding task was building a canal with locks to bypass the the headwaters of the Ohio River, with access to the western frontier. But Great Falls of the Potomac. Roaring over rocks, the river drops nearly 80 feet both political and physical obstacles had to be overcome. in less than a mile. Opening the Potomac required cooperation of Virginia and Maryland Like a steep stairway, a series of five locks raised and lowered boats which bordered the river. -
Great Falls Park Junior Ranger Handbook (Ages 5-7)
For ages 5-7 Welcome to Great Falls Park! You are invited to become a member of a very special group of people: The Junior Rangers. What is a Junior Ranger? Junior Rangers are people like you who care about our National Parks. Did you know that the National Park Service protects and preserves these unique places for everyone to enjoy? By becoming a Junior Ranger, you can help the National Park Service take care of over 390 of these wonderful places in the United States and its territories. How can I earn a Junior Ranger badge? First, attend either the slide show in the Visitor Center Auditorium or a Ranger program. Then make sure you have this book, a pencil, and an adult with you. Read about the Junior Ranger motto on the following page. Follow the Junior Ranger Trail to complete all of the activities in the book. A map is included in this booklet. Remember, for some questions there are no right or wrong answers. You will be challenged to think and use all of your senses. Park Rangers and Volunteers are here to help! They can give you clues and tell you about Great Falls Park. After you have finished the activities, show a Park Ranger your answers. Talk with the Ranger about what you saw, heard, and learned today. Be sure that you mention your favorite things about Great Falls Park You may write the answers yourself, or tell an adult your answer and ask them to help you write. At the end of this booklet is a special page for your notes and sketches. -
ALONG the TOWPATH a Quarterly Publication of the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal Association
ALONG THE TOWPATH A quarterly publication of the Chesapeake & Ohio Canal Association An independent, non-profit, all-volunteer citizens association established in 1954 supporting the conservation of the natural and historical environment of the C&O Canal and the Potomac River Basin. VOLUME XLVI March 2014 Number 1 DOUGLAS MEMORIAL WEEKEND By Marjorie Richman, on behalf of the Program Committee Join us for a weekend of camaraderie, great food and canal hiking during April 25 through 27 as we celebrate the 60th anniversary of Justice William O. Douglas' memorable hike to save the C&O Canal. This year’s Douglas celebration will feature two nights of camping at a private campground in Williamsport and two days of bus- supported towpath hiking. For non-campers there is a choice of convenient nearby lodging options so you don’t have to miss the fun. The traditional Douglas dinner and program will be held on Saturday at the Potomac Fish and Game Club. We will be camping at the Hagerstown/Antietam KOA campground, located about four miles from the center of Williamsport at the end of a scenic country road. This site features campsites along the Conococheague Creek. A pavilion is available for our gatherings and happy hours. The campground is far enough from the interstate so that quiet nights are guaranteed. There are clean bathrooms, showers, a laundry room, plenty of parking, and electricity and water at each campsite. There are also accommodations at the campground for people who prefer to have a roof over their heads. Non-campers can reserve cabins located within yards of the tent sites.