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Journal of the Western Slope
JOURNAL OF THE WESTERN SLOPE VO LUME II. NUMBER 1 WINTER 1996 ~,. ~. I "Queen" Chipeta-page I Audre Lucile Ball : Her Life in the Grand Valley From World War 1I Through Ihe Fifties-page 23 JOURNAL OF THE WESTERN SLOPE is published quarterly by two student organizations at Mesa State College: the Mesa State College Historical Society and the Alpha-Gamma-Epsilon Chapter of Phi Alpha Theta. Annual subscriptions are $14. (Single copies are available by contacting the editors of the Journal.) Retailers are en couraged to write for prices. Address subscriptions and orders for back issues to: Mesa State College Journal of the Western Slope P.O. Box 2647 Grand Junction, CO 81502 GUIDELINES FOR CONTRIBUTORS: The pu'pOSfI 01 THE X>URNAl OF THE WESTERN SlOf'E is 10 I!flCOUrIIge tdloIarly sl\l(!y 01 CoIorIIdD'$ Western Slope. The primary goat is to pre5erve !loci leeonl its hislory; IIowewI. IttideS on anlhlopology', economics, govemmelli. naltJfal histOtY. arod SOCiology will be considered. Author$hlP is open 10 anyomt who wishel to svbmiI original and 5dloIarly malerialliboullhe WMteln Slope. The ed~OtS encourage teners oIlnq~ .rom prOSp8CIlYG authors. 5eI'Id matMiahs lind IellafS 10 THE JOURNAL Of THE WESTERN SLOPE, MeS<! State College. P.O. Box 26<&7. Grand June tion,C081502, I ) ConlrlbulOfS are requasled 10 senCIltleir mallUscript on an IBM-compalibla disk. DO NOT SEND THE ORIGINAL. Editol1l will not retlJm disl\s, Matarial snoold be tootnoted. The editors will give preien,.... ce to submissions at about IMrnly·live pages. 2) AlkJw thtlll(!itol1l sixty days to review mar.uscripts. -
The Frontiers of American Grand Strategy: Settlers, Elites, and the Standing Army in America’S Indian Wars
THE FRONTIERS OF AMERICAN GRAND STRATEGY: SETTLERS, ELITES, AND THE STANDING ARMY IN AMERICA’S INDIAN WARS A Dissertation submitted to the Faculty of the Graduate School of Arts and Sciences of Georgetown University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Government By Andrew Alden Szarejko, M.A. Washington, D.C. August 11, 2020 Copyright 2020 by Andrew Alden Szarejko All Rights Reserved ii THE FRONTIERS OF AMERICAN GRAND STRATEGY: SETTLERS, ELITES, AND THE STANDING ARMY IN AMERICA’S INDIAN WARS Andrew Alden Szarejko, M.A. Thesis Advisor: Andrew O. Bennett, Ph.D. ABSTRACT Much work on U.S. grand strategy focuses on the twentieth and twenty-first centuries. If the United States did have a grand strategy before that, IR scholars often pay little attention to it, and when they do, they rarely agree on how best to characterize it. I show that federal political elites generally wanted to expand the territorial reach of the United States and its relative power, but they sought to expand while avoiding war with European powers and Native nations alike. I focus on U.S. wars with Native nations to show how domestic conditions created a disjuncture between the principles and practice of this grand strategy. Indeed, in many of America’s so- called Indian Wars, U.S. settlers were the ones to initiate conflict, and they eventually brought federal officials into wars that the elites would have preferred to avoid. I develop an explanation for settler success and failure in doing so. I focus on the ways that settlers’ two faits accomplis— the act of settling on disputed territory without authorization and the act of initiating violent conflict with Native nations—affected federal decision-making by putting pressure on speculators and local elites to lobby federal officials for military intervention, by causing federal officials to fear that settlers would create their own states or ally with foreign powers, and by eroding the credibility of U.S. -
The Colorado Magazine
THE COLORADO MAGAZINE Published by The State Historical and Natural History Society of Colorado Devoted to the Interests of the Society, Colorado, and the West Copyrighted 1924 by the State Historical and Natural History Society of Colorado. VOL. Denver, Colorado, November, 1924 NO. 7 Spanish Expeditions Into Colorado:f. By Alfred Barnaby Thomas, M. A., Berkeley, California. I. INTRODUCTION We customarily associate Spanish explorations in the West with New Mexico, with Texas, with Arizona, or with California, but not with Colorado. Yet Spaniards in the eighteenth century were well acquainted with large portions of the region now com prised in that state. Local historians of Colorado often err by pushing the clock too far back, and asserting that Coronado, Oriate, and other sixteenth century conquistadores entered the state. On the other hand, they fail to mention several important expeditions which at a later date did enter the confines of the state. An Outpost of New Mexico.-The Colorado region in Span ish days was a frontier of New Mexico. Santa Fe was the base for Colorado as San Agustin was for Georgia. Three interests especially spurred the New Mexicans to make long journeys northward to the Platte River, to the upper Arkansas in central Colorado, and to the Dolores, Uncomphagre, Gunnison, and Grand Rivers on the western borders. These interests were Indians, French intruders, and rumored mines. After 1673 reports of Frenchmen in the Pawnee country constantly worried officials at Santa Fe. Frequently tales of gold and sil'ver were wafted southward to sensitive Spanish ears at the New Mexico capital. -
SPIDER in the RIVER: a COMPARATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY of the IMPACT of the CACHE LA POUDRE WATERSHED on CHEYENNES and EURO- AMERICANS, 1830-1880 John J
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Dissertations, Theses, & Student Research, History, Department of Department of History Spring 4-21-2015 SPIDER IN THE RIVER: A COMPARATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY OF THE IMPACT OF THE CACHE LA POUDRE WATERSHED ON CHEYENNES AND EURO- AMERICANS, 1830-1880 John J. Buchkoski University of Nebraska-Lincoln Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/historydiss Part of the Cultural History Commons, and the United States History Commons Buchkoski, John J., "SPIDER IN THE RIVER: A COMPARATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY OF THE IMPACT OF THE CACHE LA POUDRE WATERSHED ON CHEYENNES AND EURO-AMERICANS, 1830-1880" (2015). Dissertations, Theses, & Student Research, Department of History. 83. http://digitalcommons.unl.edu/historydiss/83 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the History, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, & Student Research, Department of History by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. SPIDER IN THE RIVER: A COMPARATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY OF THE IMPACT OF THE CACHE LA POUDRE WATERSHED ON CHEYENNES AND EURO-AMERICANS, 1830-1880 By John J. Buchkoski A THESIS Presented to the Faculty of The Graduate College at the University of Nebraska In Partial Fulfillment of Requirements For the Degree of Master of Arts Major: History Under the Supervision of Professor Katrina L. Jagodinsky Lincoln, Nebraska April, 2015 SPIDER IN THE RIVER: A COMPARATIVE ENVIRONMENTAL HISTORY OF THE IMPACT OF THE CACHE LA POUDRE WATERSHED ON CHEYENNES AND EURO-AMERICANS, 1830-1880 John Buchkoski, M.A. -
THREE SACRED VALLEYS): an Assessment of Native American Cultural Resources Potentially Affected by Proposed U.S
Paitu Nanasuagaindu Pahonupi (THREE SACRED VALLEYS): An Assessment of Native American Cultural Resources Potentially Affected by Proposed U.S. Air Force Electronic Combat Test Capability Actions and Alternatives at the Utah Test and Training Range Item Type Report Authors Stoffle, Richard W.; Halmo, David; Olmsted, John Publisher Institute for Social Research, University of Michigan Download date 01/10/2021 12:00:11 Link to Item http://hdl.handle.net/10150/271235 PAITU NANASUAGAINDU PAHONUPI(THREE SACRED VALLEYS): AN ASSESSMENT OF NATIVE AMERICAN CULTURAL RESOURCES POTENTIALLY AFFECTED BY PROPOSED U.S. AIR FORCE ELECTRONIC COMBAT TEST CAPABILITY ACTIONS AND ALTERNATIVES AT THE UTAH TEST AND TRAINING RANGE DRAFT INTERIM REPORT By Richard W. Stoffle David B. Halmo John E. Olmsted Institute for Social Research University of Michigan April 14, 1989 Submitted to: Science Applications International Corporation Las Vegas, Nevada TABLE OF CONTENTS CHAPTER ONE EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 1 Description of Study Area 2 Description of Project 2 Site Specific Assessment 3 Tactical Threat Area 3 Threat Sites and Array 4 Range Maintenance Facilities 4 Programmatic Assessment 5 Airspace and Flight Activities Effects 5 Gapfiller Radar Site 5 Future Programmatic Assessments 5 Commercial Power 5 Fiber -optic Communications Network 5 Project - Related Structures and Activities on DOD lands 5 CHAPTER TWO ETHNOHISTORY OF INVOLVED NATIVE AMERICAN GROUPS 7 Ethnic Groups and Territories 7 Overview 7 Gosiutes 9 Pahvants 12 Utes 13 Early Contact, Euroamerican Colonization, -
ETHNOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW DRAFT #2 Colorado National Monument Sally Mcbeth February 26, 2010
ETHNOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW DRAFT #2 Colorado National Monument Sally McBeth February 26, 2010 written in consultation with the Northern Ute ETHNOGRAPHIC OVERVIEW DRAFT #2 Colorado National Monument Sally McBeth February 26, 2010 written in consultation with the Northern Ute Submitted to the National Park Service Cooperative Agreement # H1200040001 (phases I and II) and H1200090004 (phase III) ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The generosity of many Ute friends, whose willingness to share their stories, remembrances, and recollections with me cannot go unacknowledged. I treasure their rich and profound understandings of ancestral landscape shared with me over the past three years. These friends include, but are not limited to Northern Ute tribal members (alphabetically): Loya Arrum, Betsy Chapoose, Clifford Duncan, Kessley LaRose, Roland McCook, Venita Taveapont, and Helen Wash. Their advice and suggestions on the writing of this final report were invaluable. Special thanks are due to Hank Schoch—without whose help I really would not have been able to complete (or even start) this project. His unflagging generosity in introducing me to the refulgent beauty and cultural complexity of Colorado National Monument cannot ever be adequately acknowledged. I treasure the memories of our hikes and ensuing discussions on politics, religion, and life. The critical readings by my friends and colleagues, Sally Crum (USFS), Dave Fishell (Museum of the West), Dave Price (NPS), Hank Schoch (NPS-COLM), Alan McBeth, and Mark Stevens were very valuable. Likewise the advice and comments of federal-level NPS staff Cyd Martin, Dave Ruppert, and especially Tara Travis were invaluable. Thanks, all of you. Former Colorado National Monument Superintendant Bruce Noble and Superintendant Joan Anzelmo provided tremendous support throughout the duration of the project. -
THE COLORADO MAGAZINE the Black Canyon of the Gunnison
THE COLORADO MAGAZINE Published Quarterly by The State Historical Society of Colorado Vol. XL Denver, Colorado, July, 1963 Number 3 The Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Monument By Richard G. Beidleman* Colorado's Black Canyon of the Gunnison certainly ranks among the foremost chasms of the world in terms of dimen sions and renown. Starting at Sapinero, where the ancient pre Cambrian rock complex first becomes evident, the Gunnison River has cut an ever deepening gorge to westward for a dis tance of some fifty miles until, swinging northwest, the river leaves its walled confines and joins the North Fork of the Gunnison River in the North Fork Valley near Delta. The deepest and most spectacular portion of this chasm, a twelve-mile length, has been included within the boundary of the Black Canyon of the Gunnison National Monument, which was established by the presidential proclamation of Herbert Hoover thirty y ears ago on March 2, 1933. Here the gorge depth ranges from 1,730 to 2,725 feet, while the width narrows to 1,100 feet at the rim and as little as 40 feet at the bottom, at the latter site the river completely inundating the chasm floor. The depth and narrowness of the Black Canyon is emphasized by the sheer, black-stained, lichen-covered, variegated pre-Cambrian walls and the periodic gloom that shrouds the depths. There are other canyons in the world with greater over-all dimensions, and some whose fame exceeds that of the Black Canyon. Regardless of these competitors, however, Colorado's Black Canyon of the Gunnison is memorable for its narrow ness, depth, and impression of somber solitude. -
Colorado Report
Sedgwick Logan Larimer Weld Moffat Jackson Phillips Routt Morgan Grand Boulder Yuma Rio Blanco Gilpin Adams Washington Clear Denver Arapahoe Eagle Creek Garfield Summit Jefferson Douglas Elbert Kit Carson Pitkin Lake Park Mesa Teller Delta Lincoln Cheyenne El Paso Gunnison Chaffee Fremont Kiowa Montrose Crowley Ouray Saguache Custer Pueblo San Miguel Hinsdale Prowers Bent Otero Dolores San Juan Huerfano Mineral Alamosa Rio Grande Montezuma Las Animas Baca La Plata Costilla Archuleta Conejos Excellent 2 Sedgwick Good 26 Logan Larimer Weld Moffat Jackson Phillips Routt Fair 28 Morgan Poor 22 Grand Boulder Yuma Rio Blanco V. Poor 22 Gilpin Adams Washington Clear Denver Arapahoe Eagle Creek Garfield Summit Jefferson Douglas Elbert Kit Carson Pitkin Lake Park Mesa Teller Delta Lincoln Cheyenne El Paso Gunnison Chaffee Fremont Kiowa Montrose Crowley Ouray Saguache Custer Pueblo San Miguel Hinsdale Prowers Bent Otero Dolores San Juan Huerfano Mineral Alamosa Rio Grande Montezuma Las Animas Baca La Plata Costilla Archuleta Conejos Colorado – Southeast District • Estimating 25% abandonment, which takes harvested acreage down to about 205,000 acres • 15 bu/ac yields on field that are kept • Only expecting ~3.2 million bushels here ~275k acres in district 15% of acres in district Fremont Crowley Custer Pueblo Prowers Bent Otero 105k Huerfano acres Las Animas Baca 145k acres Colorado – East Central District Phillips 225k acres Yuma Adams Washington Arapahoe 220k acres Douglas Elbert Kit Carson 135k acres Lincoln Cheyenne El Paso 120k acres Kiowa 155k acres 67% of acres in district ~1.25 million acres in district • Just starting to get notices of abandonment here, range 2-25%, currently only have it at 7% across district (harvested acres would be 1.15 million) • 12 stops made here to take tiller counts. -
Indian History- Time Line
Indian history- time line Some facts about the Paleo Indians: about 10,000 years ago, they traveled in groups of 10-20 people; Paleo Indians were hunters and gathers; They hunted herds of big game; Their clothes were animal skins; They had no bow or arrows (used 9,500 years later) at that time; Their shelter was over hanging rock (shelves); Their life span was about 30 years. When large animals left the area, they hunted sheep, deer antelope, bison and some elk. They settled in the nearby drainages and ate their hunted animals. Ute Indian were a nomadic group. They lived in Wiki ups and then teepees. In 1500’s, the Spanish colonized the New Mexico and Colorado area and brought in the horses. In 1776, Dominquez and Escalante used the Spanish trails, followed by Mountain Men and finally the Mormons in 1840. The Spanish traders wanted the dark pelts of beaver. After the beavers were trapped out, the Utes offered brain tanned buckskin (deer and mountain sheep) which was very soft and good for trade. These buckskin hides became very popular as riding breeches and outdoor garments. The Tanning process: The Utes cleaned the hides starting with flesh side up, and staked the hides to dry. The hair, fat and extra meat was scraped off repeatly. When dried, they rubbed both sides with a paste was made out of the animal brains, then place the hides over smoke fires to dry and cut down on the shrinkage. The process took about 8 hours per skin. When starvation set in, the Utes would eat their clothing. -
White River Ute Commission Investigation. Letter from the Secretary of the Interior, Transmitting Copy of Evidence Taken Before White River Ute Commission
University of Oklahoma College of Law University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons American Indian and Alaskan Native Documents in the Congressional Serial Set: 1817-1899 1-14-1881 White River Ute Commission investigation. Letter from the Secretary of the Interior, transmitting copy of evidence taken before White River Ute Commission. Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.law.ou.edu/indianserialset Part of the Indian and Aboriginal Law Commons Recommended Citation H.R. Exec. Doc. No. 83, 46th Cong., 2nd Sess. (1880) This House Executive Document is brought to you for free and open access by University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in American Indian and Alaskan Native Documents in the Congressional Serial Set: 1817-1899 by an authorized administrator of University of Oklahoma College of Law Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. 46TH CONGRESS, t HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES. { Ex:Doc. 2d Session. J No. 83. WHITE RIVER UTE COMMISSION INVESTIGATION. LETTER FROM THE SECRETARY OF THE INTERIOR, TRANSMITTING Copy of evidence take,i before White Rivm· Ute Commission. l\1:A.Y 14, 1880.-Referred to the Committee on Indian Affairs and ordered to be printed. DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR, Washington, May 12, 1880. SIR: I have the honor t,o· acknowledge the receipt of a resolution of the House of Repr sentatives dated March 27, 1880, as follows: Resolved, That the Secretary of the Interior be directed to transmit to this House, ~t an early day, a copy of the testimony taken by Generals Hatch and Adams, special agents of that department, touching the late outbreak of the Ute Iudians in the State of Colorado. -
Hackford Brief
Appellate Case: 15-4106 Document: 01019504241 Date Filed: 10/08/2015 Page: 1 UNITED STATES COURT OF APPEALS FOR THE TENTH CIRCUIT RICHARD DEWRAY HACKFORD, et al. Plaintiff/Petitioner - Appellant, v. Case No. 15-4106 Appellant/Petitioner's STATE OF UTAH et al.,; Thomas S. Monson in his capacity as President of the COP- Opening Brief THE CORPORATION OF THE PRESIDENT OF THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS, a state corporation sole and THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY SAINTS, as aggregate community corporations; NORTHERN UTE TRIBE, a state 280 tribe and the state UTE TRIBE BUSINESS COMMITTEE Defendants/Respondents - Appellees. Appellant Richard Hackford proceeding prose, has completed Form A-12 Appellant/Petitioner's Opening Brief in its entirety with proper certificates of service furnished to the court with a Completed Certificate of Compliance. Following Form A-12 in its entirety retyped with Appellants response answers to avoid any inconvenience of additional papers being attached and for a clear and understandable text as opposed to the Appellant's poor handwriting quality that may not be clear or properly understood by the court or the Defendants/Respondents, Appellees. 1 Appellate Case: 15-4106 Document: 01019504241 Date Filed: 10/08/2015 Page: 2 APPELLANT/PETITIONER'S OPENING BRIEF 1. STATEMENT OF THE CASE. Appellant is an enrolled member of the Uinta Band of Utah Shoshone Indians, the treaty tribe of the Uinta Valley & Ouray Reservations in Utah. In 1954, 455 Uinta Band members were adversely affected by Public Law 671 (68 Stat. 868) of August 27, 1954 wherein said members, including Appellants mother who is Shoshone/Sioux, were falsely classified as mixed-blood Utes throughout said Act and administratively partially terminated as such in 1961. -
Ute History Unit Overview Unit 1
Ute History Unit Overview Unit 1 Unit 1 Overview: This unit covers the history of the Ute People from their creation story and life on the land to interactions and conflicts with Europeans and Americans. Lesson 1 introduces the creation story, an example of how Ute history has been preserved over time. Next, students learn about the importance of the land to the Ute people. The next three lessons explore how life changed for better or worse after contact with the first European explorers. The unit ends by taking a look at how the state/national government tried to control the lives of the Ute People . Essential Understanding #1: History is a story most often related through the individual experiences of the teller. With the inclusion of more and varied voices, histories are being rediscovered and revised. History told from the Ute perspective frequently conflicts with the stories mainstream historians tell; therefore, to understand the history and cultures of Colorado’s Ute Tribes requires understanding history from the perspectives of each tribe. Lesson Lesson Title Time Frame Lesson #1 The Creation Story 45 minutes Lesson #2 Before the Horse 60 minutes Lesson #3 European Contact: Raid, Trade and Socialization 60 minutes Lesson #4 Broken Promises 60 minutes Lesson #5 A Battle Between Cultures: The Utes Must Go! 75 minutes Lesson #6 Acculturation and Assimilation Through Education 90 minutes 12 Ute History Unit Overview Unit 1 Colorado Academic Standards – Social Studies: ● CO State History Standard 1: GLE #1 o EO.b. - Identify cause-and-effect relationships using primary sources to understand the history of Colorado’s development.