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Animal Cells and Systems Vol. 16, No. 3, June 2012, 254Á259 Riffle beetle genus Leptelmis (Coleoptera Elmidae) in Korea with descriptions of two new species Sang Woo Junga,b and Yeon Jae Baea* aCollege of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, Korea; bEnvironmental Resources Research Department, National Institute of Environmental Research, Incheon 404-708, Korea (Received 19 June 2011; received in revised form 25 September 2011; accepted 4 October 2011) The riffle beetle genus Leptelmis is newly recorded in the Korean fauna with descriptions of two new species, L. coreana, n. sp. and L. ochra, n. sp. Dorsal habitus and line-drawings of diagnostic characters are provided. The adults of L. coreana and L. ochra are similar to those of L. gracilis Sharp or L. parallela Nomura in general appearance, but can be distinguished by the absence of apical spurs on the middle and hind tibiae, light brown body color, smaller body size, and the shape of aedeagus apex. Leptelmis coreana can be distinguished from L. ochra by the absence of hindwings, lack of prominent humeri and wider elytra in posterior portion. Adults of both species occur in lowland streams and large rivers, but L. ochra were encountered relatively infrequently. Keywords: Leptelmis coreana; Leptelmis ochra; Elmidae; Coleoptera; new species; Korea Introduction and submerged tree branches. Because of their tiny The genus Leptelmis was elected by Sharp in 1888 body size (normally 2Á3 mm in adult and larval body based on the type species Leptelmis gracilis Sharp length), the adults and larvae are rarely collected in the collected from Japan. Brown and Thobias (1984) field. To date, six species of elmid beetles belonging to revised members of the genus to include 23 species four genera (Stenelmis, Optioservus, Zaitzevia, and known at that time throughout the world. Ja¨ch (1984) Heterlimnius) are known in Korea (Satoˆ 1978; Yoon synonymized one of the species, Leptelmis nietneri 1988; Lee and Lee 1992; Jung et al. 2011). In this paper, Champion, 1923, with Podelmis quadriplagiata we describe two new species of Korean Leptelmis. (Motschulsky), 1859. Jeng and Yang (1993) treated Leptelmis vietnamensis Dele´ve as a subspecies of L. formosana Nomura, L. formosana vietnamensis Dele´ve. Materials and methods Zhang and Ding (1995), Yang and Zhang (2002), and Adult specimens of the Korean Leptelmis species were Zhang et al. (2003) added five new Leptelmis species collected using hand nets and Surber samplers. The from China. Eleven Leptelmis species are currently specimens were then preserved in 80% EtOH. Voucher recorded in the Palearctic region, and another 17 specimens of Japanese species (L. gracilis and species have been recorded in the Afrotropical and L. parallela) were borrowed from the Nagoya City Oriental regions (Brown 1981a; Kodada and Ja¨ch 2005; Public Health Research Institute, Japan. Adult speci- Ja¨ch et al. 2006). Like many other aquatic insect mens were measured, dissected, and illustrated using a groups, Leptelmis occurs diversely in the eastern BIOLOGY dissecting microscope with an image analyzer SYSTEMATIC Palearctic and Oriental regions with a high degree of EVOLUTION & species richness in the area of southern mainland China (Carl Zeiss Stemi 2000-C with AxioCam MRc5, that lies on the subtropical climatic region (Cao and Germany). Male and female genitalia were placed in Bae 2010). Hayashi and Sota (2010) associated larvae 10% KOH for 2Á3 days before they were examined and of Leptelmis gracilis based on mitochondrial DNA illustrated. sequences and briefly described the larvae. Morphological terminology follows Kodada and The habitat and biology of Leptelmis is not well Ja¨ch (2005). The types and other specimens of the known. Like other riffle beetle genera, Leptelmis adults two species described here are deposited in the are true aquatic beetles and are generally found in Entomological Museum of Korea University (KU) flowing streams as described in Lee and Bae (2011). in Seoul and the National Institute of Biological Macropterous adults are caught at lights in the forest. Resources (NIBR) in Incheon, Korea. The abbrevia- Larvae occur in similar stream habitats as adults such tions used in this study are as follows: S, Seoul; CN, as pool areas in streams and rivers with sandy Chungcheongnam-do; JB, Jeollabuk-do; JN, Jeolla- substrates mixed with gravel, cobble or larger stones nam-do; GN, Gyeongsangnam-do. *Corresponding author. Email: [email protected] ISSN 1976-8354 print/ISSN 2151-2485 online # 2012 Korean Society for Integrative Biology http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/19768354.2011.630410 http://www.tandfonline.com Animal Cells and Systems 255 Taxonomic accounts increasing in length and width; antennomere 11 oval, Genus Leptelmis Sharp with acute apex. Mandibles (Figure 2B) with three apical teeth; prostheca apically spinose. Maxillary palp (Korean name: Hok-yeo-ul-beol-re-sok) Leptelmis Sharp, 1888: 243; Koˆno, 1934: 126; Dele´ve, (Figure 2C) four-segmented; palpomere 1 very short; 1945: 11; Satoˆ, 1960: 43; Brown and Thobias, 1984: 28; palpomere 4 relatively long and slender; galea two- Satoˆ, 1985: 258; Zhang and Ding, 1995: 17; Satoˆ and segmented. Labial palp (Figure 2D) three-segmented; Yoshitomi, 2005: 639. palpomere 1 very short; palpomere 3 large and stout. Lephthelmis Zaitzev, 1910: 21; Bollow, 1941: 84. Eyes small, oval in lateral view and convex in dorsal Type species: Leptelmis gracilis Sharp, 1888. view. Diagnosis (modified from Brown and Thobias 1984). Pronotum (Figure 2E) 0.76 mm in length, 0.66 mm The adult of Leptelmis can be distinguished from other in width, longer than wide, and widest at posterior 1/3 genera of Elmidae by the following characters: head part; anterior margin broadly round, sparsely pubes- retracted into prothorax; eyes relatively small; max- cent anteromedially, without punctures; anterior angles illary palpomere four slender; pronotum with broad round and more or less protrude; posterior angles transverse impression; legs relatively long; anterior subacute; transverse impression at anterior 2/5 part, tibiae inner surface without tomentum; tarsal claws with deep and large punctures and distinct longitudinal large with basal teeth. The larva of Leptelmis can be impression at middle part; subtriangular elevation distinguished by the following characters (Hayashi and located behind transverse impression, densely pubes- Sota 2010): body entirely cream-colored, flat and cent; two anterior elevations very prominent, with broad, slightly convex dorsally, with dense granules somewhat smaller elevation posteriorly; two conspic- on dorsal surface; area between procoxae posterome- uous deep impressions in front of scutellum. Proster- dially sclerotized. num (Figure 2G) coarsely punctured posteriorly; prosternal process subparallel or slightly oblique laterally. Mesoventrite with large and deep punctures, Leptelmis coreana n. sp. 0.15 mm in length, 0.35 mm in width; longitudinal (Figure 1A, Figure 2AÁK; Korean name: Dung-geun- sulcus located at middle part. Metaventrite with large hok-yeo-ul-beol-re) punctures, longitudinal sulcus 0.42 mm in length, with Material examined. Holotype: ß, Korea, JN, Gok- transverse suture posteriorly. Legs relatively long and seong-gun, Ogok-myeon, 16.vi.2007, HG Lee and IK slender, pubescent; femurs and tibiae coriaceous red in Shin (KU). Paratypes: 2ß, Korea, CN, Cheongyang- color; tarsi five-segmented; tarsomeres 1 and 2 short, gun, Jangpyeong-myeon, Guryong-ri, 17.ix.1997, US shiny brown; tarsomeres 3, 4, and 5 gradually increas- Hwang, MS Kim and SJ Park (KU); 1à Korea, CN, ing in length; tarsomere 5 as long as tarsomeres 1Á4 Gongju-si, Okryong-dong, 15.ix.2005, DH Lee (KU); combined; two claws shiny and strong, with one tooth 1à, Korea, S, Gangdong-gu, Goduk-dong, Han basally. River, 25.vii.2006, IK Shin and SW Jung (NIBR); Elytra (Figure 2F) oval, posteriorly convex, 1.76 1ß, Korea, JN, Gokseong-gun, Gokseong-eub, mm in length, 0.93 mm in width, 2.3 times as long as Sewolgyo (Br.), 29.vi.2007, HG Lee and IK Shin pronotum, and widest at posterior 2/3 part, with (KU); 1à, Korea, GN, Gimhae-si, Saengrim-myeon, densely pubescent posteriorly; humeri not prominent, Anyang-ri, 11.vii.2009, SW Jung and HG Lee (KU). without hindwings; each elytron with eight punctate Male adult (holotype). Body length 2.56 mm; width 0.93 mm. Body elongate, convex. General body color striae, punctate striae moderately large and deep light brown; pronotum, femur, tibia, and antennomeres anteriorly, becoming gradually smaller and obsolete 8Á11 reddish brown; antennae, elytra, mouthparts toward apex; 1st/2nd and 3rd/4th punctate striae (except labrum), tarsi, and claws shiny brown; head starting from same puncture near base; 3rd and 4th darker than pronotum and ventral body surface brown. striae merging at anterior 2/3 part and merging again Head retracted into prothorax, with fine granules. with 2nd stria at posterior 1/5 part; accessory Frons convex; clypeus front angles round; fronto- stria (11 punctures) from anterior 1/3 to posterior clypeal suture indistinct, slightly arcuate. Labrum 1/3 part between 5th and 6th striae; strial intervals dark in color, wider than long, with round frontal 3 and 7 convex, paler near base; intervals 3 and 4 angles. Antennae (Figure 2A) 11-segmented; antenno- paler at posterior 1/3 part; lateral margins finely meres 1 and 2 short and stout; antennomeres 3, 6, and serrate; epipleura narrowed gradually toward apex. 7 slender; antennomeres 4 and 5 slender and shorter Scutellum flat and small, as long as wide, and than antennomere 3; antennomeres 8Á10 gradually laterally round. 256 S.W. Jung and Y.J Bae Figure 1. A, Leptelmis coreana, n. sp., body length 2.5 mm; B, L. ochra, n. sp., body length 2.6 mm. Abdomen with five ventrites, 1.16 mm in length, 0.9 Material examined. Holotype: ß, Korea, CN, Buyeo- mm in width, slightly longer than wide, sparsely gun, Gyuam-myeon, Gyuam-ri, 12.viii.2005, DH Lee pubescent; ventrite 1 with large punctures; posterior (KU).
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  • Refinement of the Basin-Wide Index of Biotic Integrity for Non-Tidal Streams and Wadeable Rivers in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

    Refinement of the Basin-Wide Index of Biotic Integrity for Non-Tidal Streams and Wadeable Rivers in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed

    Refinement of the Basin-Wide Index of Biotic Integrity for Non-Tidal Streams and Wadeable Rivers in the Chesapeake Bay Watershed APPENDICES Appendix A: Taxonomic Classification Appendix B: Taxonomic Attributes Appendix C: Taxonomic Standardization Appendix D: Rarefaction Appendix E: Biological Metric Descriptions Appendix F: Abiotic Parameters for Evaluating Stream Environment Appendix G: Stream Classification Appendix H: HUC12 Watershed Characteristics in Bioregions Appendix I: Index Methodologies Appendix J: Scoring Methodologies Appendix K: Index Performance, Accuracy, and Precision Appendix L: Narrative Ratings and Maps of Index Scores Appendix M: Potential Biases in the Regional Index Ratings Appendix Citations Appendix A: Taxonomic Classification All taxa reported in Chessie BIBI database were assigned the appropriate Phylum, Subphylum, Class, Subclass, Order, Suborder, Family, Subfamily, Tribe, and Genus when applicable. A portion of the taxa reported were reported under an invalid name according to the ITIS database. These taxa were subsequently changed to the taxonomic name deemed valid by ITIS. Table A-1. The taxonomic hierarchy of stream macroinvertebrate taxa included in the Chesapeake Bay non-tidal database.