Greater Mekong Subregion Core Environment Program 10 Years of Cooperation
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Logistics Development in the North–South Economic Corridor of the Greater Mekong Subregion
Logistics Development in the North–South Economic Corridor of the Greater Mekong Subregion Ruth Banomyong1 Abstract Traders in the Greater Mekong Subregion require efficient logistics services that can move their goods to the right place, at the right time, in the right condition, and at the right price. It is, therefore, of great importance that regional links among neighboring countries are strengthened to facilitate trade and to develop logistics for better access to the global market. This is particularly true for the North–South Economic Corridor (NSEC), one branch of which extends from Kunming in the People’s Republic of China to Bangkok, Thailand. This branch, which is the focus of this paper, has three separate subcorridors. A methodology to assess the NSEC macro-logistics system and subcorridors was developed and validated with empirical and secondary data for the three subcorridors in the Kunming– Bangkok branch of the NSEC. Infrastructure connectivity in the NSEC is almost complete, but border crossings are still the weakest link in the macro-logistics system. An integrated approach is needed in order to solve this key problem. This approach should combine solutions to physical infrastructure issues with adherence to rules and regulations. The remaining challenge is how to transform the NSEC subcorridors into fully fledged economic subcorridors that can attract investment and generate economic activities in remote areas of the subcorridors, such as border crossings. Introduction The development of logistics services and communication technologies has revolutionized production and distribution processes, creating a global market. Shippers and consignees require efficient logistics services that can move their goods to the right place, at the right time, in the right condition, and at the right price. -
Power Sector Vision for the Greater Mekong Subregion
ALTERNATIVES FOR POWER GENERATION IN THE GREATER MEKONG SUBREGION Volume 1: Power Sector Vision for the Greater Mekong Subregion Final 5 April 2016 FINAL Disclaimer This report has been prepared by Intelligent Energy Systems Pty Ltd (IES) and Mekong EConomiCs (MKE) in relation to provision oF serviCes to World Wide Fund For Nature (WWF). This report is supplied in good Faith and reFleCts the knowledge, expertise and experienCe oF IES and MKE. In ConduCting the researCh and analysis For this report IES and MKE have endeavoured to use what it Considers is the best inFormation available at the date oF publiCation. IES and MKE make no representations or warranties as to the acCuracy oF the assumptions or estimates on whiCh the ForeCasts and CalCulations are based. IES and MKE make no representation or warranty that any CalCulation, projeCtion, assumption or estimate Contained in this report should or will be achieved. The relianCe that the ReCipient places upon the CalCulations and projeCtions in this report is a matter For the ReCipient’s own CommerCial judgement and IES acCepts no responsibility whatsoever For any loss oCCasioned by any person acting or reFraining From action as a result oF relianCe on this report. Intelligent Energy Systems IESREF: 5973 ii FINAL Executive Summary Introduction Intelligent Energy Systems Pty Ltd (“IES”) and Mekong EConomiCs (“MKE”) have been retained by World Wild Fund For Nature Greater Mekong Programme OFFiCe (“WWF-GMPO”) to undertake a projeCt Called “ProduCe a Comprehensive report outlining alternatives For power generation in the Greater Mekong Sub-region”. This is to develop sCenarios For the Countries oF the Greater Mekong Sub-region (GMS) that are as Consistent as possible with the WWF’s Global Energy Vision to the Power SeCtors oF all Greater Mekong Subregion Countries. -
An Updated Checklist of Aquatic Plants of Myanmar and Thailand
Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1019 doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1019 Taxonomic paper An updated checklist of aquatic plants of Myanmar and Thailand Yu Ito†, Anders S. Barfod‡ † University of Canterbury, Christchurch, New Zealand ‡ Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark Corresponding author: Yu Ito ([email protected]) Academic editor: Quentin Groom Received: 04 Nov 2013 | Accepted: 29 Dec 2013 | Published: 06 Jan 2014 Citation: Ito Y, Barfod A (2014) An updated checklist of aquatic plants of Myanmar and Thailand. Biodiversity Data Journal 2: e1019. doi: 10.3897/BDJ.2.e1019 Abstract The flora of Tropical Asia is among the richest in the world, yet the actual diversity is estimated to be much higher than previously reported. Myanmar and Thailand are adjacent countries that together occupy more than the half the area of continental Tropical Asia. This geographic area is diverse ecologically, ranging from cool-temperate to tropical climates, and includes from coast, rainforests and high mountain elevations. An updated checklist of aquatic plants, which includes 78 species in 44 genera from 24 families, are presented based on floristic works. This number includes seven species, that have never been listed in the previous floras and checklists. The species (excluding non-indigenous taxa) were categorized by five geographic groups with the exception of to reflect the rich diversity of the countries' floras. Keywords Aquatic plants, flora, Myanmar, Thailand © Ito Y, Barfod A. This is an open access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY 4.0), which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited. -
The Greater Mekong Subregion (Stone, Strutt and Hertel)
Improving Infrastructure, Facilitating Trade and Reducing Poverty in the Greater Mekong Subregion (Stone, Strutt and Hertel) Presented by Susan Stone Workshop on Aid for Trade Implementation 28-29 March 2011 OECD, Paris Presentation Outline • The Greater Mekong Subregion • The Economic Corridors in the Region • Projects undertaken in transport and trade • Evaluating impacts • Outcomes People’s Republic of China Myanmar Land area: 633 thou sq km Land area: 677 thou sq km Population: 94.1 M Population: 56.2 M GDP per capita: US$1,173 GDP per capita: US$231 (figures for Yunnan and Guangxi only) Thailand Viet Nam Land area: 513 thou sq km Land area: 332 thou sq km Population: 65.2M Population: 84.2 M GDP per capita: US$3,162 GDP per capita: US$723 Cambodia Lao PDR Land area: 181 thou sq km Land area: 237 thou sq km Population: 14.2 M Population: 5.7 M GDP per capita: US$513 GDP per capita: US$599 Source: ADB Trade Statistics Average Share of Exports to GDP 80% 70% 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% GMS Share in Exports Cambodia Lao PDR Thailand Viet Nam GMS 1993-2000 2001-2006 60% 50% 40% 30% 20% 10% 0% Cambodia PRC Lao PDR Myanmar Thailand Viet Nam 2004 2005 2006 2007 GMS Program • Investment in the development of infrastructure to – enable the development and sharing of resource base, and – promote the freer flow of goods and people in the subregion. • Investment in capacity building and support to implement Cross Border Transport Agreement (CBTA) – Covers all the relevant aspects of cross-border transport facilitation. -
PMI Country Profile of the Greater Mekong Subregion
President’s Malaria Initiative PMI Fighting Malaria and Saving Lives GREATER MEKONG SUBREGION The President’s Malaria Initiative (PMI) Malaria prevention and control is a major U.S. foreign assistance objective, and PMI’s strategy fully CHINA BHUTAN aligns with the U.S. Government’s vision of ending preventable child and maternal deaths and ending extreme poverty. Under the PMI Strategy for 2015–2020, the U.S. Government’s goal is to work with BANGLADESH INDIA PMI-supported countries and partners to further reduce malaria deaths and substantially decrease BURMA VIETNAM malaria morbidity toward the long-term goal of elimination. LAOS THAILAND SOUTH PMI support extends to the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS), which is made up of five countries: CHINA SEA CAMBODIA Burma, Cambodia, Lao People’s Democratic Republic, Thailand, and Vietnam. BRUNEI Regional Context MALAYSIA Although considerable progress has been made in malaria control in the GMS during the past 10 years, malaria remains a major concern for the international community and ministries of health in the region. This is exacerbated by the development and confirmed spread of resistance to artemisinin drugs, the principal component of the combination therapies for malaria that now are the first-line treatment for malaria throughout the GMS and the world. Recent evidence suggests that artemisinin resistance is more widespread than previously believed. Plasmodium falciparum resis- tance to artemisinin drugs has now been confirmed in western Cambodia; failures in artemisinin-based combination therapy (ACT) have been reported from multiple sites on the Thai-Cambodian border; and an early warning sign of artemisinin resistance – i.e., prolongation of parasite clearance times – has been reported from the Thailand-Burma and Burma-China borders and in southern Vietnam. -
Malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion
his report provides an overview of the epidemiological patterns of malaria in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS) Tfrom 1998 to 2007, and highlights critical challenges facing National Malaria Control Programmes and partners as they move towards malaria elimination as a programmatic goal. Epidemiological data provided by malaria programmes show a drastic decline in malaria deaths and confirmed malaria cases over the last 10 years in the GMS. More than half of confirmed malaria cases and deaths in the GMS occur in Myanmar. However, reporting methods and data management are not comparable between countries despite the effort made by WHO to harmonize data collection, analysis and reporting among Member States. Malaria is concentrated in forested/forest-fringe areas of the Region, mainly along international borders. This providing a strong rationale to develop harmonized cross-border elimination programmes in conjunction with national efforts. Across the Mekong Region, the declining efficacy of recommended first-line antimalarials, e.g. artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) against falciparum malaria on the Cambodia-Thailand border; the prevalence of counterfeit and substandard antimalarial drugs; the Malaria lack of health services in general and malaria services in particular in remote settings; and the lack of information and services in the Greater Mekong Subregion: targeting migrants and mobile population present important barriers to reach or maintain malaria elimination programmatic Regional and Country Profiles goals. Strengthening -
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Tijdschrift voor Entomologie 160 (2017) 89–138 An initial survey of aquatic and semi-aquatic Heteroptera (Insecta) from the Cardamom Mountains and adjacent uplands of southwestern Cambodia, with descriptions of four new species Dan A. Polhemus Previous collections of aquatic Heteroptera from Cambodia have been limited, and the biota of the country has remained essentially undocumented until the past several years. Recent surveys of aquatic Heteroptera in the Cardamom Mountains and adjacent Kirirom and Bokor plateaus of southwestern Cambodia, coupled with previous literature records, demonstrate that 11 families, 35 genera, and 68 species of water bugs occur in this area. These collections include 13 genus records and 37 species records newly listed for the country of Cambodia. The following four new species are described based on these recent surveys: Amemboa cambodiana n. sp. (Gerridae); Microvelia penglyi n. sp., Microvelia setifera n. sp. and Microvelia bokor n. sp. (all Veliidae). Based on an updated checklist provided herein, the aquatic Heteroptera biota of Cambodia as currently known consists of 78 species, and has an endemism rate of 7.7%, although these numbers should be considered provisional pending further sampling. Keywords: Heteroptera; Cambodia; water bugs; new species; new records Dan A. Polhemus, Department of Natural Sciences, Bishop Museum, 1525 Bernice Street, Honolulu, HI 96817 USA. [email protected] Introduction of collections or species records from the country in Aquatic and semi-aquatic Heteroptera, commonly the period preceding World War II. Following that known as water bugs, are a group of worldwide dis- war, the country’s traumatic social and political his- tribution with a well-developed base of taxonomy. -
Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program: Overview
OVERVIEW Greater Mekong Subregion Economic Cooperation Program 1 Contents 3 | The GMS Program 5 | Institutional Arrangements 6 | Program Sectors 13 | Recent Developments More information on the GMS Program is available at www.adb.org/gms/ © 2012 Asian Development Bank All rights reserved. Published in 2012. Printed in the Philippines The views expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views and policies of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) or its Board of Governors or the governments they represent. ADB does not guarantee the accuracy of the data included in this publication and accepts no responsibility for any consequence of their use. By making any designation of or reference to a particular territory or geographic area, or by using the term “country” in this document, ADB does not intend to make any judgments as to the legal or other status of any territory or area. ADB encourages printing or copying information exclusively for personal and noncommercial use with proper acknowledgment of ADB. Users are restricted from reselling, redistributing, or creating derivative works for commercial purposes without the express, written consent of ADB. Note: In this publication, “$” refers to US dollars. All images were taken from the ADB photo archive. 2 The GMS Program he Greater Mekong Subregion of logistics systems, regional power (GMS) is made up of Cambodia, the trade, harnessing of information and TPeople’s Republic of China (PRC, communication technology (ICT), expansion specifically Yunnan Province and Guangxi of cross-border agricultural trade, and the Zhuang Autonomous Region), the Lao promotion of the GMS as a single tourism People’s Democratic Republic (Lao PDR), destination. -
Curriculum Vitae
CURRICULUM VITAE Name: Ruth Banomyong (PhD) Title Associate Professor Address: Dept. of International Business, Logistics & Transport Management, Faculty of Commerce & Accountancy, Thammasat University, Bangkok 10200, THAILAND Tel: +662-6426130/1 Fax: +662-9603793 E-mail: [email protected] PERSONAL Date of Birth: 20 September 1967 Place of Birth: Paris, France Nationality: Thai Status: Married, with two children Languages: Fluent in Thai, English and French, with working knowledge of Laotian and Cantonese (Chinese). Research Interest: multimodal transport, international logistics, supply chain management, system performance measurement EDUCATION Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) International Logistics, Cardiff Business 2001 School, Cardiff University, Wales, United Kingdom Post-Graduate Diploma in Social Science Research Methods, Cardiff 1998 University, Wales, United Kingdom Maitrise en Droit des Affaires Internationales (L.L.M. International 1991 Business Law), Universite de Paris I, Pantheon-Sorbonne, France Certificat de traducteur de Terminology Juridique Anglais-Francais 1991 (Diploma in translating English-French legal terms), Paris Institute of Comparative Law, France Licence en Droit International (L.L.B. International Law), Universite de 1990 Paris I, Pantheon-Sorbonne, France Baccalaureat (Economics), Lycee Michelet, France 1985 1 CAREER FACULTY OF COMMERCE & ACCOUNTANCY, THAMMASAT UNIVERSITY, THAILAND Since 1993 Associate Professor in the Department of International Business, Logistics and Transport Management, has taught -
Chapter 6 South-East Asia
Chapter 6 South-East Asia South-East Asia is the least compact among the extremity of North-East Asia. The contiguous ar- regions of the Asian continent. Out of its total eas constituting the continental interior include land surface, estimated at four million sq.km., the the highlands of Myanmar, Thailand, Laos, and mainland mass has a share of only 40 per cent. northern Vietnam. The relief pattern is that of a The rest is accounted for by several thousand is- longitudinal ridge and furrow in Myanmar and lands of the Indonesian and Philippine archipela- an undulating plateau eastwards. These are re- goes. Thus, it is composed basically of insular lated to their structural difference: the former and continental components. Nevertheless the being a zone of tertiary folds and the latter of orographic features on both these landforms are block-faulted massifs of greater antiquity. interrelated. This is due to the focal location of the region where the two great axes, one of lati- The basin of the Irrawady (Elephant River), tudinal Cretaceo-Tertiary folding and the other forming the heartland of Myanmar, is ringed by of the longitudinal circum-Pacific series, converge. mountains on three sides. The western rampart, This interface has given a distinctive alignment linking Patkai, Chin, and Arakan, has been dealt to the major relief of the region as a whole. In with in the South Asian context. The northern brief, the basic geological structures that deter- ramparts, Kumon, Kachin, and Namkiu of the mine the trend of the mountains are (a) north- Tertiary fold, all trend north-south parallel to the south and north-east in the mainland interior, (b) Hengduan Range and are the highest in South- east-west along the Indonesian islands, and (c) East Asia; and this includes Hkakabo Raz north-south across the Philippines. -
Panthera Pardus) Range Countries
Profiles for Leopard (Panthera pardus) Range Countries Supplemental Document 1 to Jacobson et al. 2016 Profiles for Leopard Range Countries TABLE OF CONTENTS African Leopard (Panthera pardus pardus)...................................................... 4 North Africa .................................................................................................. 5 West Africa ................................................................................................... 6 Central Africa ............................................................................................. 15 East Africa .................................................................................................. 20 Southern Africa ........................................................................................... 26 Arabian Leopard (P. p. nimr) ......................................................................... 36 Persian Leopard (P. p. saxicolor) ................................................................... 42 Indian Leopard (P. p. fusca) ........................................................................... 53 Sri Lankan Leopard (P. p. kotiya) ................................................................... 58 Indochinese Leopard (P. p. delacouri) .......................................................... 60 North Chinese Leopard (P. p. japonensis) ..................................................... 65 Amur Leopard (P. p. orientalis) ..................................................................... 67 Javan Leopard -
Southern Cardamom Forest Protection Cambodia
Southern Cardamom Forest Protection Koh Kong Province Cambodia Defending one of the last unfragmented rainforests in Southeast Asia The Southern Cardamom project protects a mosaic of habitats from dense evergreen and pine forests to wetlands, flooded grasslands, lakes and coastal mangroves. As well as covering parts of the Southern Cardamom National Park and Tatai Wildlife Sanctuary the project also protects a critical part of the Cardamom Mountains Rainforest Ecoregion – one of the most important locations for biodiversity conservation on the planet. This unique project is home to at least 52 IUCN threatened species of mammals, birds and reptiles: Siamese crocodiles, sunbears, clouded leopards and one of Cambodia’s two populations of Asian elephants. southpole.com/projects Project 302 724 | 1768EN, 04.2020 The Context Thanks to the creation The diverse ecosystems protected by the project are some of the most important of a scholarship fund, biodiversity hotspots on the planet; however, they are also one of the most endangered. children from the local rural Deforestation and forest degradation is driven by illegal logging and clearing forest to communities are able to make way for agricultural land and plantations, as well as fuel collection and charcoal continue their education production. Largely due to a lack of alternative opportunities, many local residents rely on small-scale farming for their livelihood. after primary school The Project Covering over 445,000 ha in western Cambodia, the Southern Cardamom project aims to address these local drivers of deforestation. The project offers training on improved farming techniques so farmers can increase yields on smaller plots of land; and also develops community-based ecotourism, increasing the economic value of keeping the forest standing.