UFGS 32 17 23 Pavement Markings
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The Difference of Butyl Rubber and Butadiene Styrene Rubber? by Butyl Rubber Sheets - [email protected], Date: Sep.18.06
The difference of butyl rubber and butadiene styrene rubber? By Butyl Rubber Sheets - www.dongrubber.com, [email protected], Date: Sep.18.06 Butyl rubber sheets is a kind of synthetic rubber which is a copolymer of Isobutylene and a small amount of isoprene copolymer, short for IIR. Butyl rubber sheeting has good chemical stability and thermal stability, the most prominent character is the air tightness and water tightness. Its air transmittance is only about 1/7 of the natural rubber, 1/5 of the styrene-butadiene rubber. Meanwhile its transmittance of steam is 1/200 of the natural rubber, and 1/140 of the styrene-butadiene rubber. Thus IIR is mainly used in the manufacture of tires, inner tubes, steam pipe, water dam and bottom gasket and other rubber products. Styrene-butadiene rubber (SBR) is one of the biggest general synthetic rubber varieties, and is also among the first rubber to realize industrialization production. Styrene butadiene rubber sheet is a random copolymer of butadiene and styrene. Its physical performance, processing performance and product performance is close to those of natural rubber sheets, and some properties such as wear resistance, heat resistance, ageing resistance and curing rate are more excellent than natural rubber sheeting, SBR can be used with a variety of natural rubber sheets and synthetic rubbers, widely applied to tires, tape, rubber hose, wire and cable, medical instruments and various kinds of rubber products production and other fields. Author: Butyl Rubber Sheets copyright reserved. Original URL should be kept in reproduction. . -
City Maintained Street Inventory
City Maintained Streets Inventory DATE APPROX. AVG. STREET NAME ACCEPTED BEGINNING AT ENDING AT LENGTH WIDTH ACADEMYText0: ST Text6: HENDERSONVLText8: RD BROOKSHIREText10: ST T0.13 Tex20 ACADEMYText0: ST EXT Text6: FERNText8: ST MARIETTAText10: ST T0.06 Tex17 ACTONText0: WOODS RD Text6:9/1/1994 ACTONText8: CIRCLE DEADText10: END T0.24 Tex19 ADAMSText0: HILL RD Text6: BINGHAMText8: RD LOUISANAText10: AVE T0.17 Tex18 ADAMSText0: ST Text6: BARTLETText8: ST CHOCTAWText10: ST T0.16 Tex27 ADAMSWOODText0: RD Text6: CARIBOUText8: RD ENDText10: OF PAVEMENT T0.16 Tex26 AIKENText0: ALLEY Text6: TACOMAText8: CIR WESTOVERText10: ALLEY T0.05 Tex12 ALABAMAText0: AVE Text6: HANOVERText8: ST SWANNANOAText10: AVE T0.33 Tex24 ALBEMARLEText0: PL Text6: BAIRDText8: ST ENDText10: MAINT T0.09 Tex18 ALBEMARLEText0: RD Text6: BAIRDText8: ST ORCHARDText10: RD T0.2 Tex20 ALCLAREText0: CT Text6: ENDText8: C&G ENDText10: PVMT T0.06 Tex22 ALCLAREText0: DR Text6: CHANGEText8: IN WIDTH ENDText10: C&G T0.17 Tex18 ALCLAREText0: DR Text6: SAREVAText8: AVE CHANGEText10: IN WIDTH T0.18 Tex26 ALEXANDERText0: DR Text6: ARDIMONText8: PK WINDSWEPTText10: DR T0.37 Tex24 ALEXANDERText0: DR Text6: MARTINText8: LUTHER KING WEAVERText10: ST T0.02 Tex33 ALEXANDERText0: DR Text6: CURVEText8: ST ARDMIONText10: PK T0.42 Tex24 ALLENText0: AVE 0Text6:/18/1988 U.S.Text8: 25 ENDText10: PAV'T T0.23 Tex19 ALLENText0: ST Text6: STATEText8: ST HAYWOODText10: RD T0.19 Tex23 ALLESARNText0: RD Text6: ELKWOODText8: AVE ENDText10: PVMT T0.11 Tex22 ALLIANCEText0: CT 4Text6:/14/2009 RIDGEFIELDText8: -
Pavements and Surface Materials
N O N P O I N T E D U C A T I O N F O R M U N I C I P A L O F F I C I A L S TECHNICAL PAPER NUMBER 8 Pavements and Surface Materials By Jim Gibbons, UConn Extension Land Use Educator, 1999 Introduction Traffic Class Type of Road Pavements are composite materials that bear the weight of 1 Parking Lots, Driveways, Rural pedestrian and vehicular loads. Pavement thickness, width and Roads type should vary based on the intended function of the paved area. 2 Residential Streets 3 Collector Roads Pavement Thickness 4 Arterial roads 5 Freeways, Expressways, Interstates Pavement thickness is determined by four factors: environment, traffic, base characteristics and the pavement material used. Based on the above classes, pavement thickness ranges from 3" for a Class 1 parking lot, to 10" or more for Class 5 freeways. Environmental factors such as moisture and temperature significantly affect pavement. For example, as soil moisture Sub grade strength has the greatest effect in determining increases the load bearing capacity of the soil decreases and the pavement thickness. As a general rule, weaker sub grades require soil can heave and swell. Temperature also effects the load thicker asphalt layers to adequately bear different loads associated bearing capacity of pavements. When the moisture in pavement with different uses. The bearing capacity and permeability of the freezes and thaws, it creates stress leading to pavement heaving. sub grade influences total pavement thickness. There are actually The detrimental effects of moisture can be reduced or eliminated two or three separate layers or courses below the paved wearing by: keeping it from entering the pavement base, removing it before surface including: the sub grade, sub base and base. -
Vulcanization & Accelerators
Vulcanization & Accelerators Vulcanization is a cross linking process in which individual molecules of rubber (polymer) are converted into a three dimensional network of interconnected (polymer) chains through chemical cross links(of sulfur). The vulcanization process was discovered in 1839 and the individuals responsible for this discovery were Charles Goodyear in USA and Thomas Hancock in England. Both discovered the use of Sulfur and White Lead as a vulcanization system for Natural Rubber. This discovery was a major technological breakthrough for the advancement of the world economy. Vulcanization of rubbers by sulfur alone is an extremely slow and inefficient process. The chemical reaction between sulfur and the Rubber Hydrocarbon occurs mainly at the C = C (double bonds) and each crosslink requires 40 to 55 sulphur atoms (in the absence of accelerator). The process takes around 6 hours at 140°C for completion, which is uneconomical by any production standards. The vulcanizates thus produced are extremely prone to oxidative degradation and do not possess adequate mechanical properties for practical rubber applications. These limitations were overcome through inventions of accelerators which subsequently became a part of rubber compounding formulations as well as subjects of further R&D. Following is the summary of events which led to the progress of ‘Accelerated Sulfur Vulcanization'. Event Year Progress - Discovery of Sulfur Vulcanization: Charles Goodyear. 1839 Vulcanizing Agent - Use of ammonia & aliphatic ammonium derivatives: Rowley. 1881 Acceleration need - Use of aniline as accelerator in USA & Germany: Oenslager. 1906 Accelerated Cure - Use of Piperidine accelerator- Germany. 1911 New Molecules - Use of aldehyde-amine & HMT as accelerators in USA & UK 1914-15 Amine Accelerators - Use of Zn-Alkyl Xanthates accelerators in Russia. -
Brick Streets Plan
BRICK STREETS PLAN City of Rock Island Community & Economic Development Department Planning & Redevelopment Division Rock Island Preservation Commission Adopted 1988 by Rock Island City Council Amended: January 23, 2012 August 22, 2011 March 28, 2005 April 10, 2000 May 12, 1997 September 14, 1992 Rock Solid. Rock Island. 1899 - The first brick pavement was laid in the Tri-Cities on the corner of Twentieth Street and Second Avenue, Rock Island. The first brick was placed by Mayor William McConochie. Civil Engineer for the project was H.G. Paddock. -- From Historical Souvenir of Moline and Vicinity, 1909 TABLE of CONTENTS Executive Summary ..................................................................................... 3 Prioritization List ........................................................................................... 5 Map of Brick Streets ..................................................................................... 6 Methodology ................................................................................................ 9 History of Brick Street Construction in Rock Island ...................................... 10 Condition of Brick Streets ............................................................................. 13 Utilities and Brick Streets ............................................................................. 17 Street Standards .......................................................................................... 18 Owner-Occupancy Along Brick Streets ....................................................... -
Access Management Manual, September 5, 2019 TABLE of CONTENTS
AccessAccess ManagementManagement ManualManual T E X A S Prepared by the City of Irving Public Works/Traffic and Transportation Department Adopted September 5, 2019 Access Management Manual, September 5, 2019 TABLE OF CONTENTS Section 1 Introduction Page 1.0 Purpose 1 1.1 Scope 1 1.2 Definitions 3 1.3 Authority 10 Section 2 Principles of Access Management 2.1 Relationship between Access and Mobility 11 2.2 Integration of Land Use and Transportation 11 2.3 Relationship between Access and Roadway Efficiency 12 2.4 Relationship between Access and Traffic Safety 12 Section 3 Access Management Programs and Policies 3.1 Identifying Functional Hierarchy of Roadways 14 3.1.1 Sub-Classifications of Roadways 14 3.1.1.1 Revising the “Master Thoroughfare Plan” 15 3.1.2 Comprehensive Plan 15 3.1.3 Discretionary Treatment by the Director 15 3.2 Land Use 15 3.3 Unified Access Planning Policy 16 3.4 Granting Access 16 3.4.1 General Mutual Access 17 3.4.2 Expiration of Access Permission 17 3.4.3 “Grandfathered” Access and Non-Conforming Access 17 3.4.4 Illegal Access 19 3.4.4.1 Stealth Connection 19 3.4.5 Temporary Access 19 3.4.6 Emergency Access 19 3.4.7 Abandoned Access 20 3.4.8 Field Access 20 3.4.9 Provision for Special Case Access 20 3.4.10 Appeals, Variances and Administrative Remedies 20 3.5 Parking and Access Policy 20 3.6 Access vs Accessibility 21 3.7 Precedence of Access Rights Policy 21 3.8 Right to Access A Specific Roadway 22 3.9 Traffic Impact Analyses (TIA’s) 22 3.9.1 Level of Service (LOS) 22 3.9.2 Traffic Impact Analysis (TIA) Requirements -
Town Standards Index (Select to View) • Collector Street Cross Section
Town Standards Index (select to view) • Collector Street Cross Section - Standard #3.00 • Collector Street Cross Section w/ Bike Lanes - Standard #3.01 • Local Street Cross Section - Standard #3.02 • Local Street Cross Section (No Curb) - Standard #3.03 • Industrial Street Cross Section - Standard #3.04 • 4-Lane Divided Street Cross Section - Standard #3.05 • Alley Cross Section - Standard #3.06 • Greenway Asphalt Path Cross Section - Standard #3.07 • Utility Trench Pavement Repair - Standard #3.08 • Typical Pavement Repair - Standard #3.09 • Standard Driveway Turnout - Standard #3.12 • Standard Curb & Gutter - Standard #3.13 • Median Curb - Standard #3.14 • Rolled Curb - Standard #3.15 • Residential Cul-de-sac - Standard #3.16 • Barricade for Dead End Streets - Standard #3.17 • Standard Concrete Drop Inlet - Standard #4.10 • Standard Brick Drop Inlet - Standard #4.11 • Standard Drop Inlet Grates - Standard #4.12 • Standard Concrete Catch Basin - Standard #4.13A • Standard Concrete Catch Basin - Standard #4.13B • Standard Brick Catch Basin - Standard #4.14A • Standard Brick Catch Basin - Standard #4.14B • HDPE Pipe - Standard #4.16 • Trench Installation for HDPE - Standard #4.16A • Polypropylene Pipe - Standard #4.17 • Trench Installation for Polypropylene - Standard #4.17A • Dissimilar Pipe Connections to RCP - Standard #4.18 • Curb Ramps - Standard #5.00 • Curb Ramps - New Development - Standard #5.01 • Curb Ramps - New Development - Standard #5.02 • Curb Ramps - New Development - Standard #5.03 • Curb Ramps - Retrofit - Standard #5.04 -
SAFETY DATA SHEET for Mission Rubber Neoprene Gaskets
SAFETY DATA SHEET for Mission Rubber Neoprene Gaskets SECTION TOPIC PG 1 Identification 1 2 Hazard Identification 1-2 3 Composition/Information On Ingredients 2 4 First Aid Measures 2 5 Firefighting Measures 2 6 Accidental Release Measures 3 7 Handling and Storage 3 8 Exposure Controls/Personal Protection 3 9 Physical and Chemical Properties 4 10 Stability and Reactivity 4 11 Toxicological Information 4 12 Ecological Information 5 13 Disposal Considerations 5 14 Exposure Controls/Personal Protection 5 15 Regulatory Information 5-6 16 Other Information 6 missionrubber.com (800) 854-9991 SAFETY DATA SHEET NEOPRENE GASKETS Section 1: IDENTIFICATION 1.1 Product identifier Product name: Neoprene Product part number: DPESISGRP251 CAS number: Ingredients: 184963-09-1. Synonyms: Neoprene. Product description: Neoprene Synthetic Rubber Gasket is a black color rubber with a mild characteristic odor. Product type: Solid 1.2 Relevant identified uses of the substance or mixture and uses advised against Product use: For use only as specified in product literature 1.3 Details of the supplier of the safety data sheet Mission Rubber Company, LLC 1660 Lesson Lane Corona, CA 92879 1.4 Telephone number: 800-854-9991 Section 2: HAZARD IDENTIFICATION 2.1 Classification of Substance or Mixture Potential Health Effects Before using Neoprene Synthetic Rubbers, read Bulletin "Guide for Safety in Handling and FDA Status of Neoprene Solid Polymers". ADDITIONAL HEALTH EFFECTS POLYCHLOROPRENE BLEND ACUTE OR IMMEDIATE EFFECTS: ROUTES OF ENTRY AND SYMPTOMS Ingestion One type of Neoprene was tested for oral toxicity in rats. The LD-50 is in excess of 20,000 milligrams per kilogram body weight which is low toxicity. -
Mechanical Study Guide.Pdf
MECHANICAL CONCEPTS Turn on bookmarks to navigate this document . PURPOSE OF THIS GUIDE . BEARINGS . Michelin North America, Inc. Copyright © 2012 Michelin North America, Inc All rights reserved. The Michelin Man is a registered trademark of Michelin North America, Inc. www.michelin.com BEARINGS AND THEIR CATEGORIES Generalities A bearing is a mechanical device and it is important to know its various components. 1 2 Figure 1-1 . Michelin North America, Inc. Copyright © 2012 Michelin North America, Inc All rights reserved. The Michelin Man is a registered trademark of Michelin North America, Inc. www.michelin.com Categories of bearings Figure 1-2 . Michelin North America, Inc. Copyright © 2012 Michelin North America, Inc All rights reserved. The Michelin Man is a registered trademark of Michelin North America, Inc. www.michelin.com Radial bearings Radial bearings are made with balls or rollers, depending on the how the bearings are used. They are designed to withstand forces that are perpendicular to the axis of the shaft. Figure 1-3 Axial bearings Axial bearings, also known as thrust bearings, have either balls or rollers, but both are designed to withstand axial forces, which push or pull along the axis. Figure 1-4 . Michelin North America, Inc. Copyright © 2012 Michelin North America, Inc All rights reserved. The Michelin Man is a registered trademark of Michelin North America, Inc. www.michelin.com Radial bearings and their functions Ball bearings Name Function Rigid, with balls and Designed mainly to support deep track. radial loads, but can also take a bit of axial load. Name Function With filling notch. -
Asphalt Concrete Pavement Design a Subsystem to Consider the Fatigue Mode of Distress
Asphalt Concrete Pavement Design A Subsystem to Consider the Fatigue Mode of Distress D. A. KASIANCHUK, Associate Professor of Engineering, Carleton University, Ottawa; C. L. MONISMITH, Professor of Civil Engineering, Institute of Transportation and Traffic Engineering, University of California, Berkeley; and W. A. GARRISON, Materials Testing Engineer, Contra Costa County Public Works Department, Martinez, California In this paper a working model is presented for a subsystem to consider the fatigue mode of distress for asphalt concrete pavements. The de sign subsystem is divided into three general sections-(a) preliminary data acquisition, (b) materials characterization, and (c) analysis and evaluation. In developing a particular design with this subsystem, use is made of traffic and wheel load distributions, environmental condi tions based on available weather records for the vicinity of the pro posed design, multilayer elastic theory, resilient response of untreated granular materials and fine-grained soils, stiffness and fatigue char acteristics of the asphalt concrete, and a cumulative damage hypothesis based on the simple linear summation of cycle ratios. To expedite the design process, the majority of the design computations have been pro grammed for use with a high-speed digital computer. An example shows the use of the design procedure for a structural pavement section consisting of asphalt concrete resting directly on the subgrade soil. The design developed is shown for conventional mate rials and traffic to result in a thickness that is quite reasonable based on comparisons with other design methods. This particular subsystem would appear to have some advantages, however, in that it can be ex tended to consider loading conditions and material characteristics for which experience is not available. -
Caltrans Proves Effectiveness of Pavement Renewal Approach 14
TR NEWS NUMBER 232 MAY–JUNE 2004 3 Get In, Get Out, Stay Out! Caltrans Proves Effectiveness of Pavement Renewal Approach Kirsten R. Stahl and Mario A. Gutierrez Six years ago, a national workshop convened to discuss and develop innovative 3 approaches to the timely repair of crowded freeways. The California Department of Transportation, host of the workshop, immediately set out to apply the most workable concepts. Here is a report on the successful results with asphalt concrete and portland cement concrete projects. 4 Renewal Program Awaiting Launch Ann M. Brach 5 Birth of the Accelerated Construction Technology Transfer Team Frederick D. Hejl 6 Accelerated Construction Technology Transfer Workshops: 14 Completing Projects Faster, Safer, and Better Bill Bolles 8 Mix and Structure of I-710’s Long-Lasting Pavement Carl L. Monismith 12 CA4PRS Software Generates Pavement Rehabilitation Strategies Eul-Bum Lee, John T. Harvey, and Michael M. Samadian 14 The AASHO Road Test: Living Legacy for Highway Pavements 35 Kurt D. Smith, Kathryn A. Zimmerman, and Fred N. Finn The AASHO Road Test, conducted more than four decades ago, established many standards and protocols and helped define many pavement design, construction, and evaluation practices for rigid and flexible pavements. How did the pioneering project originate, gain support, develop, proceed, and produce such long-lasting, influential results? 23 Withstanding the Test of Time Fred N. Finn 24 Smithsonian to Archive Road Test Records Linda Mason 25 TRANSIT COOPERATIVE RESEARCH PROGRAM REPORT Cover: The new Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual assists The New Transit Capacity and Quality of Service Manual: planners in setting transit service Tour of the Expanded Guide for Transit Planners and Operators goals for a community. -
Standard Specifications for Street and Drainage Construction
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS FOR STREET AND DRAINAGE CONSTRUCTION 2 of 114 DIVISION 100. GENERAL PROVISIONS ................................ 6 Section 101. Definitions and Terms........................................................................ 6 Section 102. Control of Material ............................................................................. 9 Section 103. Quality Control Requirements.......................................................... 11 Section 104. Measurement and Payment............................................................. 15 Section 105. Roadway Construction Control........................................................ 18 Section 106. Trench and Excavation Safety Systems .......................................... 20 DIVISION 200. EARTHWORK ............................................... 21 Section 201. Clearing and Grubbing .................................................................... 21 Section 202. Excavation and Embankment.......................................................... 22 Section 203. Subgrade Preparation ..................................................................... 27 Section 204. Select Grading................................................................................. 28 DIVISION 300. STORM DRAINAGE..................................... 30 Section 301. Storm Drainage Pipe ....................................................................... 30 Section 302. Drop Inlets and Junction Boxes....................................................... 33 Section 303. Concrete