DOCSLIB.ORG

Guinea-Bissau

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Guinea-Bissau GUINEA-BISSAU Cashew and Beyond: Diversification through Trade Diagnostic Trade Integration Study for the Enhanced Integrated Framework for Trade-related Technical Assistance May 2010 CURRENCY EQUIVALENTS Exchange Rate as of May 2010 Currency Unit = CFA Franc (CFAF) US$1 = 499CFAF Weights and Measures Metric System ABBREVIATION AND ACRONYMS ACBF Africa Capacity Building Foundation ANAPA National Association of Artisanal Fisheries Boat-owners ANEP National Association of Fishing Entrepreneurs APGB Port Administration of Guinea-Bissau ARN National Regulatory Agency BCEAO Central Bank of West African States BDS Business Development Services BIGB International Bank of Guinea-Bissau BOAD West African Development Bank BRPE Export Registration Document BRPI Import Registration Document BRS Regional Solidarity Bank CADESPC Unit for the Development of Savings and Credit CAF Training Support Unit CAIA Unit for Evaluation of Environmental Impact CAPAF Capacity-Building Program for microfinance institutions in Francophone Africa CAS Country Assistance Strategy CCIA Chamber of Commerce, Industry and Agriculture CECAF Fishery Committee for the Eastern Central Atlantic CEM Country Economic Memorandum CENFA National Center of Administrative Training CFAA Country Financial Accountability Assessment CGAP Consultative Group to Assist the Poor CI Industrial Contribution CIFC China International Fishing Company CIPA Fisheries Center for Applied Research CNFC China National Fishing Company COPACE Committee for Fisheries of the Central and West Atlantic Ocean CPIA Country Performance Indicator Assessment CPLP Comunity of Portuguese-speaking countries CSDP Community Sustainable Development Plan DENARP Poverty Reduction Strategy Paper DFID Department For International Development (United Kingdom) DGA General Directorate of Customs DGCI General Directorate of Taxes DGM Directorate of Geology and Mining DGPA General Directorate for Artisanal Fisheries DPIP Directorate for the Promotion of Private Investment DRC Domestic Resource Cost ii DSFD Directorate of Decentralized Financial Systems EA Environmental Assessment EAGB Electricity and Water Company of Guinea Bissau EC European Commission ECOWAS Economic Community of West African States EEEAO West African Electrical Energy Exchange EEZ Economic Exclusive Zone EFA Effective Financial Assurance EIA Environmental Impact Assessment EITI Extractive Industries Transparency Initiative EMP Environmental Management Plan ERSUMA Regional College for Magistrates EU European Union FAGACE African Economic Cooperation and Guarantee Fund FAO Food and Agriculture Organization FED European Development Fund FEDERPESCAItalian National Fisheries Federation FIAS Foreign Investment Advisory Service FISCAP Department for Surveillance and Control of Fishing Activities FUNDEI Foundation for Industrial Development GBC Global Business Coalition GDP Gross Domestic Product GEF Global Environmental Facility GNP Gross National Product HIPC Heavily Indebted Poor Countries IBAP Institute of Biodiversity and Protected Areas IBRD International Bank for Reconstruction and Development ICGB Communications Institute of Guinea Bissau ICMM International Council on Mining and Metals IDA International Development Association IFC International Finance Corporation IGV General Sales Tax IIED International Institute for Environment and Development ILO International Labor Organisation IMF International Monetary Fund IVA Value Added Tax JSAN Joint Staff Advisory Note LDP Letter of Development Policy MADR Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Development MCPP Public Private Coordination Mechanism MCS Monitoring, Control and Surveillance MCTA Ministry of Trade, Tourism and Handicrafts MDGs Millennium Development Goals MEPIR Ministry of Economy, Planning and Regional Integration MERN Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources MF Ministry of Finance MFI Micro finance institution MIGA Multilateral Investment Guarantee Agency MIOPCU Ministry of Infrastructure, Public Works, Construction and Urbanism MJ Ministry of Justice MMSD Mining, Minerals and Sustainable Development Project iii MoF Ministry of Fisheries MPA Marine Protected Areas MTEF Medium-Term Expenditure Framework MW Megawatts NANA Northwest Alaska Native Association Regional Corporation NARS National Agricultural Research System NERICA New Rice for Africa NGO Non-governmental Organization NPC Nominal Protection Coefficient NSIA New Inter-African Insurance Company OHADA Organisation for the Harmonisation of Business Law OMVG Organisation for the Development of the Gambia River OMVS Organisation for the Development of the Senegal River PAED/MF Program for the Support and Development of Microfinance PAM Policy Analysis Matrix PAS Strategic Action Plan of SRFC for 2002-10 PDSFI Plan for the Emergence of an Inclusive Financial Sector PER Public Expenditure Review PGAO West Africa Gas Pipeline PNRC Programme National de Renforcement des Capacité PPP Public Private Partnership PRDSP Project for the Reabilitation and Development of the Private Sector PRDSP - IU PRDSP Implementation Unit RECOP/MF Network of Professional Organisations of Microfinance RER Real Exchange Rate SAHFI Sahelian Finance Company SDR Special Drawing Rights SETC Secretary of State for Transport and Communications SIA Social Impact Assessment SME Small and Medium Enterprises SRFC Sub-regional Fisheries Commission SYSCOA West African Accounting System TAC Total Allowable Catch UNDP United Nations Development Program VMS Vessel Monitoring System WAEMU West African Economic and Monetary Union WAPP West Africa Power Pool WARDA West Africa Rice Development Association WFP World Food Program WTO World Trade Organization Vice President: Obiageli K. Ezekwesili Country Director: Habib Fetini Sector Manager: Antonella Bassani Task Team Leader: Philip English iv REPUBLIC OF GUINEA-BISSAU DIAGNOSTIC TRADE INTEGRATION STUDY Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY AND PRIORITY ACTION MATRIX ......................... XII 1. THE MACROECONOMIC CONTEXT FOR TRADE ....................................... 1 A. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................ 1 B. THE MACROECONOMIC CONTEXT FOR TRADE, GROWTH, AND POVERTY REDUCTION...................................................................................................................... 1 C. THE POLICY REFORM PROCESS................................................................................ 8 2. TRADE PROFILE AND POLICY........................................................................ 15 A. TRADE FLOWS........................................................................................................ 15 B. TARIFF REGIME...................................................................................................... 22 C. TRADE POLICY AND ISSUES .................................................................................... 24 D. TRADE INSTITUTIONS ............................................................................................. 27 E. RECOMMENDATIONS AND NEXT STEPS ................................................................... 27 3. THE ENVIRONMENT FOR DOING BUSINESS.............................................. 33 A. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 33 B. LEGAL AND REGULATORY CONTEXT FOR BUSINESS IN GUINEA-BISSAU ............... 34 C. CUSTOMS ADMINISTRATION .................................................................................. 39 D. PRIVATE SECTOR SUPPORT INSTITUTIONS ............................................................. 41 E. NEXT STEPS IN IMPROVING THE ENVIRONMENT FOR BUSINESS ............................. 43 4. THE FINANCIAL SECTOR................................................................................. 46 A. INTRODUCTION ...................................................................................................... 46 B. THE BANKING SECTOR........................................................................................... 47 C. NON-BANK FINANCIAL INSTITUTIONS ................................................................... 48 D. MICRO-FINANCE.................................................................................................... 49 E. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS............................................................... 55 5. TRANSPORT, ELECTRICITY, WATER AND COMMUNICATIONS......... 58 A. ROADS ................................................................................................................... 58 B. PORTS .................................................................................................................... 61 C. RIVER TRANSPORT ................................................................................................. 66 D. AIR TRANSPORT..................................................................................................... 67 E. ELECTRICITY AND WATER ..................................................................................... 67 F. COMMUNICATIONS................................................................................................. 68 6. CASHEW: FOUNDATION OF THE ECONOMY............................................. 70 A. CASHEW, POVERTY, AND THE MACROECONOMY ................................................... 70 B. CASHEW PRODUCTION ........................................................................................... 72 - v - C. MARKETS, PRICES AND PROCESSING ....................................................................
Load more

Recommended publications
  • OCCASION This Publication Has Been Made Available to the Public on The
    OCCASION This publication has been made available to the public on the occasion of the 50th anniversary of the United Nations Industrial Development Organisation. DISCLAIMER This document has been produced without formal United Nations editing. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this document do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the Secretariat of the United Nations Industrial Development Organization (UNIDO) concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries, or its economic system or degree of development. Designations such as “developed”, “industrialized” and “developing” are intended for statistical convenience and do not necessarily express a judgment about the stage reached by a particular country or area in the development process. Mention of firm names or commercial products does not constitute an endorsement by UNIDO. FAIR USE POLICY Any part of this publication may be quoted and referenced for educational and research purposes without additional permission from UNIDO. However, those who make use of quoting and referencing this publication are requested to follow the Fair Use Policy of giving due credit to UNIDO. CONTACT Please contact [email protected] for further information concerning UNIDO publications. For more information about UNIDO, please visit us at www.unido.org UNITED NATIONS INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT ORGANIZATION Vienna International Centre, P.O. Box
    [Show full text]
  • Guinea-Bissau% 245 / POP 1.7 MILLION
    ©Lonely Planet Publications Pty Ltd Guinea-Bissau% 245 / POP 1.7 MILLION Includes ¨ Why Go? Bissau ........................233 Like a microcosm of Africa, this tiny nation contains multi- Arquipélago tudes – of landscapes, peoples, cultures and plant and ani- dos Bijagós ................236 mal life. All of it within reach of the capital, Bissau. Faded Ilha de Bubaque .........236 colonial-era houses sag, from tropical decay and the weight Ilha de Orango............ 237 of history. Decades of Portuguese colonisation were followed by a long painful liberation struggle and then cycles of civil Quinhámel .................238 war and political chaos. Parc Natural das Despite hardships and poverty, Bissau-Guineans per- Lagoas de Cufada ......238 severe. The jokes, like the music, are loud but tender. The Parque Nacional bowls of grilled oysters are served with a sauce spicy enough de Cantanhez .............239 to give a kick, but not so strong as to mask the bitterness. The jewel in the country’s crown is the labyrinth of tropical islands that make up the Arquipélago dos Bijagós. Long white-sand beaches are lapped by waters brimming Best Places with fish. Hippos, monkeys, chimps and buffaloes thrive in protected reserves and hundreds of bird species call its vast to Eat mangroves and wetlands home. ¨ Oysters on Quinhámel beach (p238) ¨ O Bistro (p234) When to Go ¨ Afrikan Ecolodge Bissau Angurman (p237) °C/°F Te mp Rainfall inches/mm 40/104 20/500 16/400 30/86 Best Places 12/300 20/68 to Sleep 8/200 ¨ Ponta Anchaca (p238) 10/50 4/100 ¨ Afrikan Ecolodge 0/32 0 Angurman (p237) J FDM A M J J A S O N ¨ Ecocantanhez (p239) Dec–Feb The Mar–Jul Hot, Jul–Oct The rainy ¨ Ledger Plaza Bissau coolest, driest humid and sweaty; season.
    [Show full text]
  • Lista Dos Deputados Eleitos
    LISTA DOS DEPUTADOS ELEITOS ORDEM PARTIDO DA CE CANDIDATOS A DEPUTADOS ELEITOS SECTOR REGIÃO POLÍTICO ELEIÇÃO POR CE 01 PRS ORLANDO MENDES VIEGAS CATIÓ; KOMO TOMBALI 1º 01 PAIGC DAN IALA N'CANHA BARANÇÃO CATIÓ; KOMO TOMBALI 2º 01 MADEM G.-15 MAMA SELO DJALÓ CATIÓ; KOMO TOMBALI 3º 02 PRS FÉLIX BULUTNA NANDUNGUÉ BEDANDA; CACINE; QUEBO TOMBALI 1º 02 PAIGC HIGINO CARDOSO BEDANDA; CACINE; QUEBO TOMBALI 2º 02 MADEM G.-15 MARCIANO ALVARENGA VAZ BEDANDA; CACINE; QUEBO TOMBALI 3º 02 PRS SOLA NQUILIN NABITCHITA BEDANDA; CACINE; QUEBO TOMBALI 4º 03 PAIGC MAMADI BALDÉ BUBA; EMPADA QUINARA 1º 03 MADEM G.-15 SATU CAMARÁ PINTO BUBA; EMPADA QUINARA 2º 03 PRS JORGE MALÚ BUBA; EMPADA QUINARA 3º 04 PRS NICOLAU DOS SANTOS FULACUNDA; TITE QUINARA 1º 04 PAIGC JOANA INÁCIA GOMES FULACUNDA; TITE QUINARA 2º 04 MADEM G.-15 MAMADÚ SERIFO DJAQUITÉ FULACUNDA; TITE QUINARA 3º 05 APU-PDGB NUNO GOMES NABIAM BISSORÃ OIO 1º 05 PAIGC WASNA PAPAI DANFÁ BISSORÃ OIO 2º 05 PRS ADRIANA BATICÃ FERREIRA BISSORÃ OIO 3º 05 APU-PDGB UMARO CONTÉ BISSORÃ OIO 4º 05 MADEM G.-15 MANUEL IRÉNIO NASCIMENTO DA COSTA BISSORÃ OIO 5º 06 PAIGC JOÃO SEIDEBA SANÉ FARIM OIO 1º 06 PAIGC JOSÉ ANTÓNIO DA CRUZ ALMEIDA FARIM OIO 2º 06 MADEM G.-15 JORGE ANIBAL PEREIRA FARIM OIO 3º 06 PAIGC BRAIMA DJALÓ FARIM OIO 4º 07 MADEM G.-15 BAMBA BANJAI MANSABA OIO 1º 07 PAIGC LÁSSANA SEIDI MANSABA OIO 2º 07 MADEM G.-15 NHALIM SANÓ MANSABA OIO 3º 08 PRS ALBERTO MBUNHE NAMBEIA MANSOA; NHACRA OIO 1º 08 PAIGC PAPA MANÉ MANSOA; NHACRA OIO 2º 08 PRS SERIFO DJALÓ MANSOA; NHACRA OIO 3º 08 APU-PDGB PAULO BODJAN MANSOA; NHACRA OIO 4º 09 PAIGC GABRIELA FERNANDES QUINHAMEL; ONDAME BIOMBO 1º 09 MADEM G.-15 SALUMÉ A.
    [Show full text]
  • Repositório UNL –
    Universidade Nova de Lisboa Beriberi epidemic within rural Muslim fishing communities in Guinea-Bissau Dominik Metz DISSERTAÇÃO PARA A OBTENÇÃO DO GRAU DE MESTRE EM MEDICINA TROPICAL (DECEMBER 2011) Universidade Nova de Lisboa Beriberi epidemic within rural Muslim fishing communities in Guinea-Bissau Dominik Metz DISSERTAÇÃO PARA A OBTENÇÃO DO GRAU DE MESTRE EM MEDICINA TROPICAL Orientador: Professor Jorge Atouguia Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em medicina tropical, realizada sob a orientação científica de Professor Jorge Atouguia (DECEMBER 2011) AGRADECIMENTOS Eu queria agradecer todas as pessoas do Instituto de Medicina tropical de Lisboa e as collegas do mestrado pela ajuda e paciencia durante estes dois anos de mestrado. É verdade que foi difícil no início, com o meu português, mas com tanta ajuda e confianca que voces me darem, consegui aprender não só muito de medicina tropical mas também de lingua e cultura portuguesa. Gostaria igualmente de agradecer o pessoal do Hospital de Bolama em Guinea- Bissau, que diaramente conseguem a fazer um trabalho de qualidade com os poucos recursos que eles têm a disposição. Eles ficaram abertos as minhas ideias e propostas. Encontrei em Guine collegas que tinharam tempo a me oferecer, afim de ajuda-me no dia a dia no trabalho e ensinar me da cultura e lingua guineense. Eu desejaria, particuliarmente, agradecer o meu collega e amigo Afonso Embana, técnico de laboratorio do Hospital de Bolama. Eu queria agradecer a minha familia toda pelo apoio e a ajuda. Finalmente a pessoa que provavelmente sofreu o mais durante a elaboração da minha tese foi a Eugénie, que sempre ficava ao meu lado mesmo se foi chato muitas vezes! Thank you all very much and best wishes.
    [Show full text]
  • Coversheet for Thesis in Sussex Research Online
    A University of Sussex DPhil thesis Available online via Sussex Research Online: http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/ This thesis is protected by copyright which belongs to the author. This thesis cannot be reproduced or quoted extensively from without first obtaining permission in writing from the Author The content must not be changed in any way or sold commercially in any format or medium without the formal permission of the Author When referring to this work, full bibliographic details including the author, title, awarding institution and date of the thesis must be given Please visit Sussex Research Online for more information and further details The Route of the Land’s Roots: Connecting life-worlds between Guinea-Bissau and Portugal through food-related meanings and practices Maria Abranches Doctoral Thesis PhD in Social Anthropology UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX 2013 UNIVERSITY OF SUSSEX PhD in Social Anthropology Maria Abranches Doctoral Thesis The Route of the Land’s Roots: Connecting life-worlds between Guinea-Bissau and Portugal through food-related meanings and practices SUMMARY Focusing on migration from Guinea-Bissau to Portugal, this thesis examines the role played by food and plants that grow in Guinean land in connecting life-worlds in both places. Using a phenomenological approach to transnationalism and multi-sited ethnography, I explore different ways in which local experiences related to food production, consumption and exchange in the two countries, as well as local meanings of foods and plants, are connected at a transnational level. One of my key objectives is to deconstruct some of the binaries commonly addressed in the literature, such as global processes and local lives, modernity and tradition or competition and solidarity, and to demonstrate how they are all contextually and relationally entwined in people’s life- worlds.
    [Show full text]
  • The Herpetofauna of the Bijagós Archipelago, Guinea-Bissau (West Africa) and a First Country-Wide Checklist
    Bonn zoological Bulletin 61 (2): 255–281 December 2012 The herpetofauna of the Bijagós archipelago, Guinea-Bissau (West Africa) and a first country-wide checklist 1 2,3 3 Mark Auliya , Philipp Wagner & Wolfgang Böhme 1 Helmholtz Centre for Environmental Research – UFZ, Department of Conservation Biology, Permoserstr. 15, D-04318 Leipzig, Germany. 2 Department of Biology, Villanova University, 800 Lancaster Avenue, Villanova, Pennsylvania 19085, USA. 3 Zoologisches Forschungsmuseum Alexander Koenig, Adenauerallee 160, D-53113 Bonn. Abstract. An annotated checklist of amphibians and reptiles from the Bijagós archipelago (Guinea-Bissau) with com- ments on the species’ distribution, systematics and natural history traits is presented here for the first time. During two field surveys 13 anurans and 17 reptile species were recorded from the archipelago of which several species represent either first records for the islands, i.e., Silurana tropicalis, Hemisus g. guineensis, Leptopelis viridis, Hemidactylus an- gulatus, Chamaeleo gracilis, Trachylepis perrotetii, Philothamnus heterodermus, Toxicodryas blandingii, Naja melanoleuca and Thelotornis kirtlandii or first country records, i.e., Amietophrynus maculatus, Ptychadena pumilio, P. bibroni, Phrynobatrachus calcaratus, P. francisci, Leptopelis bufonides, Hyperolius occidentalis, H. nitidulus, H. spatzi, Kassina senegalensis and Thrasops occidentalis. Species diversity reflects savanna and forest elements and a complete herpetofaunal checklist of the country is provided. Key words. West Africa, Guinea-Bissau, Bijagós archipelago, herpetofauna, first country records. INTRODUCTION The former Portugese colony Guinea-Bissau is an au- Guinea-Bissau's tropical climate is characterised by a tonomous country since 1974 and is bordered by Senegal dry season (November to May), and a wet season from in the north, Guinea in the east and south, and by the At- June to October with average annual rainfall between lantic Ocean in the west (Fig.
    [Show full text]
  • Community Health Workers
    Lopes et al. Human Resources for Health 2014, 12:8 http://www.human-resources-health.com/content/12/1/8 RESEARCH Open Access Community health workers: to train or to restrain? A longitudinal survey to assess the impact of training community health workers in the Bolama Region, Guinea-Bissau Sérgio C Lopes1*, António J Cabral2 and Bruno de Sousa3 Abstract Background: The shortage in human resources for health affects most dramatically developing countries which frequently use community health workers (CHW) as the basis for health programmes and services. The traditional definition refers CHWs as members of the community who are recruited and trained in health prevention and promotion to provide services within their community. In Guinea-Bissau, CHWs play a fundamental role in the diagnosis and treatment of childhood diarrheal diseases - one of the main health problems in the country. Methods: This study is based on 22 CHW, 79% of the total number of CHW in the Sanitary Region of Bolama. The main goal was to assess how training CHW on diarrheal diseases impacted the accuracy of the diagnosis and treatment of these diseases in children under the age of 5 years. Three evaluations were made throughout time - one evaluation before the training and two follow-up evaluations. An observation grid was developed to evaluate the identified signs, symptoms, diagnosis and treatments prescribed by the CHW in consultations to children with a suspicion of diarrhoeal disease. A similar grid was filled by a medical doctor who took the role of the external validation standard. Friedman’s variance analysis and Cochran’s Q test were performed to compare the accuracy depicted by CHWs in identifying items throughout time.
    [Show full text]
  • Guinea Bissau: the Law and Fgm
    GUINEA BISSAU: THE LAW AND FGM August 2018 In Guinea Bissau, the prevalence of FGM in women aged 15–49 is 52.1%. The regions with the highest prevalence are in the east: Gabú (95.8%) and Bafatá (86.9%). Oio Gabú 95.8% Cacheu 55.2% Bafatá 11.8% 86.9% B Biombo 7.8% S SAB 31.8% Q Quinara 58.5% Bolama Tombali 9.3% 51.3% 91% - 100% 76% - 90% 51% - 75% 26% - 50% Prevalence of FGM in Guinea Bissau by region 11% - 25% < 10% [Data source MICS 2018-19] © 28 Too Many § FGM is usually practised on girls aged 4 to 14, but also on babies and women nearing marriage or close to giving birth. § More than three quarters of women have experienced ‘Flesh removed’, the type of FGM practised most commonly. § Almost all FGM is carried out by traditional practitioners. § 75.8% of women aged 15–49 who have heard of FGM believe it should be stopped. Source of data: Ministério da Economia e Finanças, Direcção Geral do Plano/Instituto Nacional de Estatística (INE) (2018-19) Inquérito aos Indicadores Múltiplos (MICS6) 2018-19, Relatório Final. Available at https://mics-surveys- prod.s3.amazonaws.com/MICS6/West%20and%20Central%20Africa/Guinea-Bissau/2018- 2019/Survey%20findings/Guinea%20Bissau%202018- 19%20MICS%20Survey%20Findings%20Report_Portuguese.pdf For further information on FGM in Guinea Bissau see https://www.28toomany.org/guinea-bissau/. 1 Domestic Legal Framework Overview of Domestic Legal Framework in Guinea Bissau The Constitution explicitly prohibits: X Violence against women and girls X Harmful practices X Female genital mutilation (FGM) National legislation: ü Provides a clear definition of FGM ü Criminalises the performance of FGM ü Criminalises the procurement, arrangement and/or assistance of acts of FGM ü Criminalises the failure to report incidents of FGM X* Criminalises the participation of medical professionals in acts of FGM ü Criminalises the practice of cross-border FGM ü Government has a strategy in place to end FGM * Not directly criminalised – main FGM law applies universally (see below).
    [Show full text]
  • USDA/FAS Food for Progress LIFFT-Cashew
    USDA/FAS Food for Progress LIFFT-Cashew SeGaBi Cashew Value Chain Study 2 March 2018 CONTACT Katarina Kahlmann Regional Director, West Africa TechnoServe [email protected] +1 917 971 6246 +225 76 34 43 74 Melanie Kohn Chief of Party, LIFFT-Cashew Shelter For Life International 1 [email protected] +1-763-253-4082 TABLE OF CONTENTS ACRONYMS 4 DEFINITION OF TECHNICAL TERMS 8 1 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 10 2 INTRODUCTION 13 3 METHODOLOGY 15 3.1 DESK RESEARCH AND LITERATURE REVIEW 15 3.2 DATA COLLECTION 16 3.3 ANALYSIS AND REPORT WRITING 16 3.4 A NOTE ON SENEGALESE AND GAMBIAN CASHEW SECTOR INFORMATION 17 4 GENERAL CASHEW BACKGROUND INFORMATION 18 4.1 PRODUCTION 18 4.2 SEASONALITY 20 4.3 PROCESSING 22 4.4 CASHEW AND CLIMATE CHANGE 24 5 OVERVIEW AND TRENDS OF GLOBAL CASHEW SECTOR 26 5.1 GLOBAL KERNEL DEMAND 26 5.2 PRODUCTION 31 5.3 PROCESSING 36 5.4 SUMMARY AND OUTLOOK 40 6 REGIONAL OVERVIEW 44 6.1 REGIONAL RCN TRADE 46 6.2 REGIONAL POLICIES AND COLLABORATION 50 6.3 ACCESS TO FINANCE 51 6.4 MARKET INFORMATION SYSTEMS 56 7 GUINEA-BISSAU VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 58 7.1 VALUE CHAIN OVERVIEW 61 7.2 SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS 64 7.3 PRODUCTION 67 7.4 RCN TRADE 74 7.5 PROCESSING 76 7.6 MARKET LINKAGES 82 7.7 KERNEL MARKETS 83 8 SENEGAL VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 85 8.1 VALUE CHAIN OVERVIEW 86 2 8.2 SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS 89 8.3 PRODUCTION 90 8.4 RCN TRADE 100 8.5 PROCESSING 101 8.6 MARKET LINKAGES 106 8.7 KERNEL MARKETS 107 9 THE GAMBIA VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS 109 9.1 VALUE CHAIN OVERVIEW 110 9.2 SECTOR ORGANIZATIONS 113 9.3 PRODUCTION 114 9.4 RCN TRADE 119 9.5 PROCESSING 120
    [Show full text]
  • RCC Pilotage Foundation Cruising Guide to West Africa
    RCC Pilotage Foundation Cruising Guide to West Africa Notes and Updates Robert Fox December 2016 - April 2017 Introduction I visited Senegal, The Gambia and Guinea-Bissau in the dry season of 2016-17. I arrived in Dakar, Senegal in December of 2016 and cruised southwards, leaving towards Brazil from Bubaque in the Bijagos islands in April 2017. I used the second edition of Steve Jones “Cruising Guide to West Africa” throughout my visit. These notes are my comments and updates to that book based on what I found. Section headings, page numbers and plan numbers refer to the book. General Information and Planning Throughout the book, bearings are given as Magnetic. When the book was first published in 1997 magnetic variation was 10 W. I found United States Pub. 143 “Sailing Directions (Enroute) - West Coast of Europe and Northwest Africa” useful in Guinea-Bissau. United States Sailing Directions can be downloaded free from the official website at msi.nga.mil. Landfall Page 3: Ziguinchor is apparently no longer a port of entry for Senegal. (See The Casamance: Planning.) Communications In The Gambia I bought an Africell SIM and had coverage almost everywhere on the river although the signal was often poor and away from Banjul / Lamin only 2G data was available. QCell appeared to have comparable coverage and may have better data speeds away from the capital. West African mobile phone networks do not automatically configure your phone for data. The access point details must be entered manually. For Gambian networks, on Android phones, go to Settings - All - Wireless & networks - Mobile Networks - Access Point Names.
    [Show full text]
  • Sanctuary Lost: the Air War for ―Portuguese‖ Guinea, 1963-1974
    Sanctuary Lost: The Air War for ―Portuguese‖ Guinea, 1963-1974 Dissertation Presented in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree Doctor of Philosophy in the Graduate School of The Ohio State University By Matthew Martin Hurley, MA Graduate Program in History The Ohio State University 2009 Dissertation Committee: Professor John F. Guilmartin, Jr., Advisor Professor Alan Beyerchen Professor Ousman Kobo Copyright by Matthew Martin Hurley 2009 i Abstract From 1963 to 1974, Portugal and the African Party for the Independence of Guinea and Cape Verde (Partido Africano da Independência da Guiné e Cabo Verde, or PAIGC) waged an increasingly intense war for the independence of ―Portuguese‖ Guinea, then a colony but today the Republic of Guinea-Bissau. For most of this conflict Portugal enjoyed virtually unchallenged air supremacy and increasingly based its strategy on this advantage. The Portuguese Air Force (Força Aérea Portuguesa, abbreviated FAP) consequently played a central role in the war for Guinea, at times threatening the PAIGC with military defeat. Portugal‘s reliance on air power compelled the insurgents to search for an effective counter-measure, and by 1973 they succeeded with their acquisition and employment of the Strela-2 shoulder-fired surface-to-air missile, altering the course of the war and the future of Portugal itself in the process. To date, however, no detailed study of this seminal episode in air power history has been conducted. In an international climate plagued by insurgency, terrorism, and the proliferation of sophisticated weapons, the hard lessons learned by Portugal offer enduring insight to historians and current air power practitioners alike.
    [Show full text]
  • Changes in Land Cover in Cacheu River Mangroves Natural Park, Guinea-Bissau: the Need for a More Sustainable Management
    sustainability Article Changes in Land Cover in Cacheu River Mangroves Natural Park, Guinea-Bissau: The Need for a More Sustainable Management Eva M. García del Toro 1,* and María Isabel Más-López 2 1 Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Hidráulica y Ordenación del Territorio, ETS Ingeniería Civil Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28014 Madrid, Spain 2 Departamento de Ingeniería Civil: Construcción Infraestructura y transporte, ETS Ingeniería Civil Universidad Politécnica de Madrid, 28014 Madrid, Spain; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] Received: 14 October 2019; Accepted: 6 November 2019; Published: 7 November 2019 Abstract: The aim of this paper is to study the evolution of vegetation and potential changes in land use in the Cacheu River Mangroves Natural Park in the Republic of Guinea-Bissau. To do this, we will study variations in the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI). In order to perform the calculations and subsequent analysis, images of the park from the years 2010 and 2017, corresponding to the same period of the year, so that the phenological stage is the same, were used. To perform a more reliable analysis, the park was divided into five different areas based upon the vegetation type or main use of the land in each of them; i.e.: mangals, palm forest, paddies, savannahs and others. Using a statistical sample, the NDVIs were calculated for each of these areas. The study made it possible to conclude that the changes in land cover observed represent a decrease in mangrove swamps, which are probably being replaced by other land uses, despite the fact that these forests constitute the most important ecological area of all those that make up the park.
    [Show full text]