Gender Roles & Occupations
1 Gender Roles & Occupations: A Look at Character Attributes and Job-Related Aspirations in Film and Television Stacy L. Smith, PhD Marc Choueiti Ashley Prescott & Katherine Pieper, PhD Annenberg School for Communication & Journalism University of Southern California An Executive Report Geena Davis Institute on Gender in Media Our earlier research shows that gender roles are still stereotyped in entertainment popular with children.1 For example, female characters in feature films populate less than 30% of all speaking roles. A slightly better percentage emerges across our research on gender roles in children’s television programming. Not only are on screen females present less frequently than on screen males, they are often sexualized, domesticated, and sometimes lack gainful employment. To illustrate this last point, our recent analysis2 of every first run general audience film (n=21) theatrically released between September 2006 and September 2009 reveals that a higher percentage of males (57.8%) than females (31.6%) are depicted with an occupation. While females hold marginally more professional jobs than their male counterparts (24.6% vs. 20.9%), women are noticeably absent in some of the most prestigious occupational posts. Across more than 300 speaking characters, not one female is depicted in the medical sciences (e.g., doctor, veterinarian), executive business suites (e.g., CEO, CFO), legal world (e.g., attorney, judge), or political arena. More optimistically, 6 of the 65 working females (9%) are shown with a job in the hard sciences or as pilots/astronauts. These findings suggest that females have not shattered as many glass ceilings in the “reel” world as one might suspect.
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