Botanical Name Family Synonym Part Traditionally Used/Specific
Botanical name Family Synonym Part Part of chemical Info Comments Notes References traditionally concern used/specific preparations Abies alba Mill. Pinaceae bark, branch, Branches: essential Toxicity due to beta-phellandrene beta-phellandrene Yang, S. A., Jeon, S. K., needle, oil (0.2%-0.5%): should be stated. Pure EO should not content should not Lee, E. J., Im, N. K., Jhee, seed, resin bornyl acetate be consumed directly (<0.02 ml of exceed 100 ppm K. H., Lee, S. P., & Lee, I. (30.31%), EO). Content should be stated. (0.01%) daily. S. (2009). Radical camphene scavenging activity of (19.81%), 3-carene the essential oil of silver (13.85%), fir (Abies alba). Journal tricyclene of clinical biochemistry (12.90%), dl- and nutrition, 44(3), 253.; limonene (7.50%), Luebke, W. (2011). beta- α-pinene (2.87%), phellandrene 555-10-2. caryophyllene (2.18%), β- phellandrene (2.13%), borneol (1.74%), bicyclo[2.2.1]hept- 2-ene,2,3-dimethyl (1.64%) and α- terpinene (1.24%) Abies balsamea Pinaceae bark, needle, Essential oil needle Toxicity due to beta-pinene should beta-pinene Pichette, A., Larouche, (L.) Mill. resin, twig; twig (0.6%-1.4%): be stated. Pure EO should not be content should not P. L., Lebrun, M., & essential oil e.g. beta pinene consumed directly (<0.03 ml of EO). exceed 100 ppm Legault, J. (2006). (24%-35%), alpha Content should be stated. (0.01%) daily. Composition and pinene ((6%-11%), antibacterial activity of camphen ((6%- Abies balsamea 11%), . Resin: essential oil. contains 16%-27% Phytotherapy Research, essential oil.
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