Land off Church Place Lydiard Millicent Swindon Wiltshire
Proposed Development
Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
AH Project Ref. AH500 AH Report Ref. AH500/1
Prepared Rob Armour Chelu by Date September 2017 Issue no. 02 Checked Sue Farr 04/09/2017
Armour Heritage Limited accepts no responsibility or liability to any third party to whom this report, or any part of it, is made known. Any such party relies upon this report entirely at their own risk. No part of this report may be reproduced by any means without permission.
© Armour Heritage Limited 2017
Foghamshire Timber Yard Foghamshire Lane Trudoxhill Frome Somerset BA11 5DG
T: 01373 836448 E: [email protected] W: www.armourheritage.co.uk
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 6
2. PLANNING POLICY AND GUIDANCE 8
3. METHODOLOGY 13
4. RECORDED HERITAGE RESOURCE 19
5. ASSESSMENT OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DESIGNATED HERITAGE ASSETS 26
6. POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF THE PROPOSED WORKS 31
7. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMEDATIONS 34
8. SOURCES AND REFERENCES 37
Figures and Plates
Fig. 1 Site location plan Fig. 2 Designated sites and monuments, 1km study area Fig. 3 Romano-British HER data, 1km study area Fig. 4 Medieval to 19th century HER data, 1km study area Fig. 5 20th century and undated HER data, 1km study area Fig. 6 HER events data, 1km study area Fig. 7 Historic Landscape Character Fig. 8 1773 Andrews and Dury Map of Wiltshire Fig. 9 1839 Lydiard Millicent Parish tithe map Fig. 10 1886 Ordnance Survey 25” map Fig. 11 1900 Ordnance Survey 25” map Fig. 12 1970 1:2,500 Ordnance Survey map
Plate 1 View south across the Site from access to north Plate 2 Tree marking location of former field boundary Plate 3 View west toward graveyard wall Plate 4 View toward southwest corner of the Site – low earthwork visible just beyond white pole Plate 5 Small outbuilding with barns beyond Plate 6 View north across the Site toward Church of All Saints Plate 7 Grade II* Listed Church of All Saints, view from east Plate 8 Two Grade II Listed monuments in graveyard of Church of All Saints Plate 9 Church of All Saints with adjacent War Memorial and car parking, from east Plate 10 Cottages on corner of Church Place, Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area Plate 11 Dwellings on The Butts, Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area Plate 12 Twentieth century house on north side of The Street – Conservation Area boundary is on south side, opposite houses Plate 13 Modern development on The Beeches Plate 14 Modern development on The Close Plate 15 Lydiard Millicent Parish Hall
2 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Appendices
Appendix 1 Gazetteer of heritage assets Appendix 2 Plans and elevations
3 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
SUMMARY
PROJECT NAME: LAND OFF CHURCH PLACE: PROPOSED DEVELOPMENT LOCATION: LYDIARD MILLICENT, SWINDON, WILTSHIRE NGR: 409372, 185896 (CENTRE) TYPE: HISTORIC ENVIRONMENT DESK BASED ASSESSMENT
Armour Heritage was commissioned in April 2017 by the developer, to complete an historic environment desk based assessment with regard to the proposed development of a plot of land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Swindon, Wiltshire, centred on NGR 409372, 185896. The Site lies to the south of the junction of Church Place and The Street, just southeast of the Grade II* Listed Church of All Saints and west of the Grade II Listed Honeywood House. A number of other Grade II Listed monuments lies within proximity of the church, including the Lydiard Millicent War Memorial and the Churchyard Cross. It is also situated within the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area.
The Site comprises a broadly rectangular parcel of land comprising an area of c. 0.87ha. The area proposed for development comprises the southern part of the Site, with the northern area currently proposed to be retained as a green buffer. At the time of completion of this assessment, the Site was under rough pasture. The village of Lydiard Millicent lies in the north of Wiltshire, approximately 1km west of the urban extents of Swindon and some 1.4km south of Purton.
No fixed proposal or site plan has been produced, although it is understood that the construction of six to ten new units is being considered, along with access and landscaping. The design process will be informed in part through the results of this assessment.
The aims of this assessment comprised:
• Assessment of all sites, monuments and features within 1km of the Site; • Assessment of the potential of the Site to contain hitherto unrecorded archaeological finds, features or deposits; • Scoping and, where appropriate, detailed assessment of all designated sites, monuments and areas within the 1km study area, and assessment of the potential impact any development at the Site may have on their settings and their significance. Where considered appropriate, designated and undesignated sites situated outside the study areas will also be considered. Particular emphasis will be placed on potential impacts upon the settings of Honeywood House, the Church of All saints and the character of the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area; and • An appraisal of the best options for development at the Site in terms of reducing or entirely removing heritage impacts.
In respect of the significance of the two nearby Listed Buildings, it has been assessed that development at the Site would result in No Harm with regard to either the Grade II Listed Honeywood House, or the Grade II* Listed Church of All Saints, which lies to the north of the Site. The proposals include provision for new Public Open Space in the north of the Site, creating an effective green buffer between the Site and the Listed church. In addition, provision of an information board within the POS will enhance the Listed Building’s significance through increased public engagement, appreciation and understanding of the heritage asset.
The Site has further been assessed to make no significant contribution to the special character or setting of the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area and development at the Site would not extend village boundaries beyond their current limits. It is considered that the heritage related enhancements
4 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
described above will increase public awareness of the character and value of the Conservation Area resulting in a Positive Effect. In heritage planning terms, No Harm is assessed with regard to the Conservation Area’s special character or setting due in part to the very secluded nature of the Site. In addition, No Harm has been identified with regard to the Historic Landscape Character of the area.
In consideration of the potential for buried archaeological remains at the Site, it is recommended that, for the avoidance of doubt, a geophysical should be completed across the Site to further assess the potential for the survival of archaeological remains.
5 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
1. INTRODUCTION
Outline
Armour Heritage was commissioned in April 2017 by the developer, to complete an historic environment desk based assessment (DBA) with regard to the proposed development of a plot of land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Swindon, Wiltshire, centred on NGR 409372, 185896 and referred to hereafter as ‘the Site’ (Plates 1-15; Fig. 1).
The Site lies to the south of the junction of Church Place and The Street, just southeast of the Grade II* Listed Church of All Saints (Fig. 2, LB14; NHLE No. 1356045) and west of the Grade II Listed Honeywood House (Fig. 2, LB4; NHLE No. 1198049). A number of other Grade II Listed monuments lies within proximity of the church, including the Lydiard Millicent War Memorial (Fig. 2, LB11; NHLE No. 1438949) and the Churchyard Cross (Fig. 2, LB1; NHLE No. 1023144). It is also situated within the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area (Fig. 2, CA2).
Planning Proposal
Heritage input
The Site layout has been informed, in part, through the consideration of heritage matters and Armour Heritage has been involved throughout the design process.
Proposals
The planning proposal includes provision for new housing in the southern part of the Site, as illustrated in Appendix 2, accessed via an improved site entrance at the Site’s northeast corner. Beyond the proposed new buildings, the proposals also include a number of measured designed to mitigate effects on the character of the Conservation Area which have been included as a result of the previously mentioned heritage consultation process. It is considered that the additional proposals offer not only mitigation, but enhancements to the Conservation Area.
Additional measures comprise:
x a new heritage info board at the front (northern extent) of the Site which will include details of the Conservation Area and the Grade II* Listed Church of All Saints ; x a new area of Public Open Space (POS) offering an attractive and appropriate area to appreciate the significance of the Listed church and this part of the Conservation Area. This POS also serves as a substantial green buffer between the Listed Building and the proposed development. x enhancement of the Conservation Area through good design in respect of both the architectural quality of the proposed new residential buildings and in their layout within the boundaries of the Site. Location and landscape context
The Site comprises a broadly rectangular parcel of land comprising an area of c. 0.87ha (Fig. 1). The area proposed for development comprises the southern part of the Site, with the northern area currently proposed to be retained as a green buffer. At the time of completion of this assessment, the Site was under rough pasture.
The village of Lydiard Millicent lies in the north of Wiltshire, approximately 1km west of the urban extents of Swindon and some 1.4km south of Purton.
6 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
The Site lies in the central part of the settlement, with its southern boundary coincident with the southern extent of the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area (Fig. 2, CA2), within which the entire Site lies.
The Site is generally flat, with a slight drop from north to south, at elevations of c. 125m to 127m above Ordnance Datum (aOD).
The landscape setting of the Site comprises the urban extents of Lydiard Millicent to the north, east and southeast which comprises a mix of historic buildings and considerable areas of 20th century residential development. To the south of the Site, the landscape is of enclosed agricultural fields with the northern extent of the Grade II Listed Lydiard Park situated some 530m to the south. The hamlet and Conservation Area (Fig. 2, CA1) of Lydiard Green lie c. 780m to the west.
British Geological Survey data
The underlying geology of the Site is described by the British Geological Survey (BGS) as Stanford Formation: Limestone, a sedimentary bedrock formed approximately 156 to 161 million years BP. No superficial geological deposits are recorded.
Project aims
The general aims of this historic environment desk based assessment are: x Assessment of all sites, monuments and features within 1km of the Site; x Assessment of the potential of the Site to contain hitherto unrecorded archaeological finds, features or deposits; x Scoping and, where appropriate, detailed assessment of all designated sites, monuments and areas within the 1km study area, and assessment of the potential impact any development at the Site may have on their settings and their significance. Where considered appropriate, designated and undesignated sites situated outside the study areas will also be considered. Particular emphasis will be placed on potential impacts upon the settings of the Church of All Saints and its associated designated monuments, Honeywood House and the character of the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area; and x An appraisal of the best options for development at the Site in terms of reducing or entirely removing heritage impacts, in respect of both development within the Site’s boundaries and the creation of a viable access route to the Site. Standards & best practice
This assessment has been carried out in accordance with the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists’ (CIfA) publication Standard and Guidance for desk-based assessment (CIfA 2014). Armour Heritage is a Registered Organisation (RO) with the CIfA and fully endorses all standards and guidance issued by the CIfA.
Limitations of data
Much of the data used in this assessment consists of secondary information derived from a variety of sources, only some of which have been directly examined for the purposes of this assessment. The assumption is made that this data, as well as that derived from other secondary sources, is reasonably accurate.
It is recognised that the Wiltshire and Swindon Historic Environment Record (HER) does not comprise a record of all surviving elements of the historic environment resource, representing
7 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
only a record of the discovery of a wide range of archaeological and historical components. The information held by the HER does not preclude the subsequent discovery of further elements of the historic environment that are, at present, unknown.
Copyright information
This report may contain material that is independently copyrighted (e.g. Ordnance Survey, British Geological Survey, Crown Copyright), or the intellectual property of third parties, which Armour Heritage is able to provide for limited reproduction under the terms of its own copyright licences, but for which copyright itself is non-transferrable. The end-user is reminded that they remain bound by the conditions of the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 with regard to multiple copying and electronic dissemination of the report.
Instruction & limitations of this report
Armour Heritage Ltd were instructed by the developer to carry out an historic environment desk based assessment with regard to proposed development on land at Lydiard Millicent, Swindon, Wiltshire.
This report is a response to an instruction for a specific end use and site layout with regard to historic setting as present at the time of the site visit on 5th May 2017 and the development proposal within the assessment framework on the date of issue. It is prepared for the sole use of the developer and their agents at the time of instruction.
For the avoidance of doubt, any duty of care to any other end users or third parties is specifically excluded. If a period of one year passes prior to commencing site operations or the planning framework for assessment is changed, then, a further survey or assessment may be required to ensure compliance with the statutory legal responsibility of the developers. Please contact Armour Heritage if there is any doubt.
The assessment is based on the assumption that buildings, settings or records have not been accidentally or intentionally removed or destroyed prior to survey or assessment and that evidence of historic remains have not been accidentally or deliberately removed prior to survey.
Armour Heritage can accept no responsibility for the accuracy of the survey if the Site has been accidentally or deliberately disturbed to remove evidence of archaeological remains.
Assignment of this report without the written consent of Armour Heritage Limited is forbidden. An assignment can be easily arranged but may require a re-assessment.
In the case of a change of plans, site use, site layout or changes of use of the wider area or buildings and/or end use, a new assessment is required to ensure its fitness for purpose, for which a fee is levied. Please contact Armour Heritage Limited for assignments at [email protected].
2. PLANNING POLICY AND GUIDANCE
Introduction
There is national legislation and guidance relating to the protection of, and proposed development on or near, important archaeological sites or historical buildings within planning regulations as defined under the provisions of the Town and Country Planning Act 1990. In
8 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
addition, local authorities are responsible for the protection of the historic environment within the planning system.
Planning policy and guidance
The assessment has been written within the following legislative, planning policy and guidance context: x National Heritage Act 1983 (amended 2002); x Town and Country Planning Act (1990); x Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act (1990); x National Planning Policy Framework (2012); x Planning Practice Guidance: Conserving and enhancing the historic environment (2015); x Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 2 - Managing Significance in Decision-taking in the Historic Environment (Historic England 2015) x Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 3 - The Setting of Heritage Assets (Historic England 2015); and x Conservation Principles: policies and guidance for the sustainable management of the historic environment (English Heritage 2008a). Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act (1990)
Section 66 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (the Listed Buildings Act) imposes a general duty in respect of Listed Buildings in the exercise of planning functions.
Subsection (1) provides: “In considering whether to grant planning permission for development which affects a Listed Building or its setting, the local planning authority or, as the case may be, the Secretary of State shall have special regard to the desirability of preserving the building or its setting or any features of special architectural or historic interest which it possesses”.
Section 72 of the Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) Act 1990 (the Listed Buildings Act) imposes a general duty in respect of Conservation Areas in the exercise of planning functions. These are set out in subsections 1-3: x Subsection (1) provides: “In the exercise, with respect to any buildings or other land in a conservation area, of any functions under or by virtue of any of the provisions mentioned in subsection (2), special attention shall be paid to the desirability of preserving or enhancing the character or appearance of that area”. x Subsection(2) states: “The provisions referred to in subsection (1) are the planning Acts and Part I of the Historic Buildings and Ancient Monuments Act 1953 and sections 70 and 73 of the Leasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development Act 1993”.
Subsection (3) states: “In subsection (2), references to provisions of the Leasehold Reform, Housing and Urban Development Act 1993 include references to those provisions as they have effect by virtue of section 118(1) of the Housing Act 1996”.
National Planning Policy Framework (NPPF)
The National Planning Policy Framework sets out planning policies relating to conserving and enhancing the historic environment. It defines the historic environment as all aspects of the environment resulting from the interaction between people and places through time,
9 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
including all surviving physical remains of past human activity, whether visible, buried or submerged, and landscaped and planted or managed flora. It further classifies a heritage asset as a building, monument, site, place, area or landscape identified as having a degree of significance meriting consideration in planning decisions, because of its heritage interest.
Heritage assets include designated heritage assets and assets identified by the local planning authority (including local listing). Policies relate to both the treatment of the assets themselves and their settings, both of which are a material consideration in development management decision making.
The NPPF states that: “The purpose of the planning system is to contribute to the achievement of sustainable development and that there are three dimensions to sustainable development: economic, social and environmental. The role the environment will play is described as contributing to protecting and enhancing our natural, built and historic environment; and as part of this, helping to improve biodiversity, use of natural resources prudently, minimise waste and pollution, and mitigate and adapt to climate change including moving to a low carbon economy”.
Within the over-arching roles that the planning system will play, a set of twelve core land-use planning principles have been developed to underpin place-shaping and decision making. The 10th principle is to: “…conserve heritage assets in a manner appropriate to their significance, so that they can be enjoyed for their contribution to the quality of life of this and future generations”.
When determining planning applications local planning authorities should take account of: x the desirability of sustaining and enhancing the significance of heritage assets and putting them to viable uses consistent with their conservation; x the positive contribution that conservation of heritage assets can make to sustainable communities including their economic vitality; and x the desirability of new development making a positive contribution to local character and distinctiveness.
Further to this, local planning authorities can request that the applicant should describe the significance of any heritage assets affected, including any contribution made by their setting. The level of detail required in the assessment should be proportionate to the asset’s importance and no more than is sufficient to understand the potential impact of the proposal on their significance “Where a site on which development is proposed includes or has the potential to include heritage assets with archaeological interest, local planning authorities should require developers to submit an appropriate desk-based assessment and, where necessary, a field evaluation”.
A key policy within the NPPF is that when considering the impact of any proposed development on the significance of a designated heritage asset, great weight should be given to the asset’s conservation. The more important the asset, the greater the weight should be. Significance can be harmed or lost through alteration or destruction of the heritage asset or development within its setting. As heritage assets are irreplaceable, any harm or loss should require clear and convincing justification. Substantial harm to or loss of a Grade II Listed Building, Park or Garden should be exceptional. Substantial harm to or loss of designated heritage assets of the highest significance, notably Scheduled Monuments, Protected Wreck Sites, Battlefields, Grade I and II* Listed Buildings, Grade I and II* Registered Parks and Gardens, and World Heritage Sites, should be wholly exceptional.
10 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
However, where a proposed development will lead to less than substantial harm to the significance of a designated heritage asset, this harm should be weighed against the public benefits of the proposal.
With regard to non-designated heritage assets specific policy is provided in that a balanced judgement will be required having due regard to the scale of any harm or loss and the significance of the heritage asset affected.
Planning Practice Guidance (PPG)
With regard to heritage assets, whether designated or not, the PPG states (para. 009): “Heritage assets may be affected by direct physical change or by change in their setting. Being able to properly assess the nature, extent and importance of the significance of a heritage asset, and the contribution of its setting, is very important to understanding the potential impact and acceptability of development proposals”.
With regard to the setting of a heritage asset, the PPG states (para. 013): “A thorough assessment of the impact on setting needs to take into account, and be proportionate to, the significance of the heritage asset under consideration and the degree to which proposed changes enhance or detract from that significance and the ability to appreciate it”.
Setting is the surroundings in which an asset is experienced, and may therefore be more extensive than its curtilage. All heritage assets have a setting, irrespective of the form in which they survive and whether they are designated or not.
The extent and importance of setting is often expressed by reference to visual considerations. Although views of or from an asset will play an important part, the way in which we experience an asset in its setting is also influenced by other environmental factors such as noise, dust and vibration from other land uses in the vicinity, and by our understanding of the historic relationship between places. For example, buildings that are in close proximity but are not visible from each other may have a historic or aesthetic connection that amplifies the experience of the significance of each.
The contribution that setting makes to the significance of the heritage asset does not depend on there being public rights or an ability to access or experience that setting. This will vary over time and according to circumstance.
When assessing any application for development which may affect the setting of a heritage asset, LPAs may need to consider the implications of cumulative change. They may also need to consider the fact that developments which materially detract from the asset’s significance may also damage its economic viability now, or in the future, thereby threatening its ongoing conservation”.
Of particular importance to the assessment process is the PPG Section titled “How to assess if there is substantial harm” (para. 017). This section states: “What matters in assessing if a proposal causes substantial harm is the impact on the significance of the heritage asset. As the NPPF makes clear, significance derives not only from a heritage asset’s physical presence, but also from its setting.
Whether a proposal causes substantial harm will be a judgment for the decision taker, having regard to the circumstances of the case and the policy in the NPPF. In general terms, substantial harm is a high test, so it may not arise in many cases. For example, in determining whether works to a listed building constitute substantial harm, an important consideration
11 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
would be whether the adverse impact seriously affects a key element of its special architectural or historic interest. It is the degree of harm to the asset’s significance rather than the scale of the development that is to be assessed. The harm may arise from works to the asset or from development within its setting.
While the impact of total destruction is obvious, partial destruction is likely to have a considerable impact but, depending on the circumstances, it may still be less than substantial harm or conceivably not harmful at all, for example, when removing later inappropriate additions to historic buildings which harm their significance. Similarly, works that are moderate or minor in scale are likely to cause less than substantial harm or no harm at all. However, even minor works have the potential to cause substantial harm”.
Local planning policy: Wiltshire Core Strategy Development Plan
Introduction
The Wiltshire Core Strategy Development Plan Document was formally adopted by Wiltshire Council on 20th January 2015. Within this Core Strategy, a series of strategic objectives have been developed which includes Strategic Objective 5: protecting and enhancing the natural, historic and built environment. Core Policy 58 refers to the historic environment.
Core Policy 58: Ensuring the conservation of the historic environment
The policy states that: Development should protect, conserve and where possible enhance the historic environment. Designated heritage assets and their settings will be conserved, and where appropriate enhanced in a manner appropriate to their significance, including:
• Nationally significant archaeological remains; • World Heritage Sites within and adjacent to Wiltshire; • Buildings and structures of special architectural or historic interest; • The special character or appearance of Conservation Areas; • Historic Parks and Gardens; and • Important landscapes, including registered battlefields and townscapes.
The Policy continues: “Distinctive elements of Wiltshire’s historic environment, including non- designated heritage assets, which contribute to a sense of local character and identity will be conserved, and where possible enhanced. The potential contribution of these heritage assets towards wider social, cultural, economic and environmental benefits will also be utilised where this can be delivered in a sensitive and appropriate manner in accordance with Core Policy 57”.
Core Policy 58 adds: “Heritage assets at risk will be monitored and development proposals that improve their condition will be encouraged. The advice of statutory and local consultees will be sought in consideration of such applications”.
Core Policy 57: Ensuring high quality design and place shaping.
This policy states: “A high standard of design is required in all new developments, including extensions, alterations, and changes of use of existing buildings. Development is expected to create a strong sense of place through drawing on the local context and being complimentary to the locality. Applications for new development must be accompanied by appropriate information to demonstrate how the proposal will make a positive contribution to the character of Wiltshire”.
12 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
3. METHODOLOGY
Guidance
This assessment has been carried out with reference to a number of guidance documents produced by Historic England (English Heritage prior to April 2015) since 2008, and, where appropriate, in accordance with the Chartered Institute for Archaeologists’ Standards and Guidance for Historic Environment Desk-Based Assessment (CIfA 2014).
Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 2 - Managing Significance in Decision-taking in the Historic Environment
The GPA note advises a 6-stage approach to the identification of the significance of a heritage asset and the potential effects on its significance as a result of any development.
The significance of a heritage asset is the sum of its archaeological, architectural, historic, and artistic interest. A variety of terms are used in designation criteria (for example outstanding universal value for world heritage sites, national importance for Scheduled Monuments and special interest for Listed Buildings and conservation areas), but all of these refer to a heritage asset’s significance.
The list of Steps is set out below, however the GPA does add “…it is good practice to check individual stages of this list but they may not be appropriate in all cases and the level of detail applied should be proportionate. For example, where significance and/or impact are relatively low, as will be the case in many applications, only a few paragraphs of information might be needed, but if significance and impact are high then much more information may be necessary”.
The recommended Steps are as follows:
x 1. Understand the significance of the affected assets; x 2. Understand the impact of the proposal on that significance; x 3. Avoid, minimise and mitigate impact in a way that meets the objectives of the NPPF; x 4. Look for opportunities to better reveal or enhance significance; x 5. Justify any harmful impacts in terms of the sustainable development objective of conserving significance and the need for change; and x 6. Offset negative impacts on aspects of significance by enhancing others through recording, disseminating and archiving archaeological and historical interest of the important elements of the heritage assets affected.
With regard to the application process, the GPA offers the following advice: “Understanding the nature of the significance is important to understanding the need for and best means of conservation. For example, a modern building of high architectural interest will have quite different sensitivities from an archaeological site where the interest arises from the possibility of gaining new understanding of the past.
Understanding the extent of that significance is also important because this can, among other things, lead to a better understanding of how adaptable the asset may be and therefore improve viability and the prospects for long term conservation.
Understanding the level of significance is important as it provides the essential guide to how the policies should be applied. This is intrinsic to decision-taking where there is unavoidable conflict with other planning objectives”.
13 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
With regard to the assessment of the significance of a heritage asset, the GPA also states that the “...reason why society places a value on heritage assets beyond their mere utility has been explored at a more philosophical level by English Heritage in Conservation Principles (2008). Conservation Principles identifies four types of heritage value that an asset may hold: aesthetic, communal, historic and evidential value. This is simply another way of analysing its significance. Heritage values can help in deciding the most efficient and effective way of managing the heritage asset so as to sustain its overall value to society”.
For the purposes of this assessment and in line with Conservation Principles, the assessment of significance will include an assessment of a heritage asset’s communal value.
Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 3 - The Setting of Heritage Assets
GPA note 3. expands on the six stages outlined in GPA Note 2, as set out above.
Step 1: identifying the heritage assets affected and their settings
The starting point of any assessment is the identification of those heritage assets likely to be affected by the proposed development. For this purpose, if the proposed development is seen to be capable of affecting the contribution of a heritage asset’s setting to its significance or the appreciation of its significance, it can be considered as falling within the asset’s setting.
Step 2: Assessing whether, how and to what degree these settings make a contribution to the significance of the heritage asset(s)
This Step provides a check-list of the potential attributes of a setting that it may be appropriate to consider in order to define its contribution to the asset’s heritage values and significance. Only a limited selection of the possible attributes listed below is likely to be important in terms of any single asset.
The asset’s physical surroundings x Topography; x Other heritage assets (including buildings, structures, landscapes, areas or archaeological remains); x Definition, scale and ‘grain’ of surrounding streetscape, landscape and spaces; x Formal design; x Historic materials and surfaces; x Land use; x Green space, trees and vegetation; x Openness, enclosure and boundaries; x Functional relationships and communications; x History and degree of change over time; x Integrity; and x Issues such as soil chemistry and hydrology.
Experience of the asset x Surrounding landscape or townscape character; x Views from, towards, through, across and including the asset; x Visual dominance, prominence or role as focal point; x Intentional intervisibility with other historic and natural features; x Noise, vibration and other pollutants or nuisances;
14 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
x Tranquillity, remoteness, ‘wildness’; x Sense of enclosure, seclusion, intimacy or privacy; x Dynamism and activity; x Accessibility, permeability and patterns of movement; x Degree of interpretation or promotion to the public; x The rarity of comparable survivals of setting; x The asset’s associative attributes; x Associative relationships between heritage assets; x Cultural associations; x Celebrated artistic representations; and x Traditions.
Step 3: Assessing the effect of the proposed development on the significance of the asset(s)
The third stage of the analysis is to identify the range of effects that any Proposed Development may have on setting(s), and to evaluate the resultant degree of harm or benefit to the significance of the heritage asset(s).
The following check-list sets out the potential attributes of any proposed development which may affect setting, and thus its implications for the significance of the heritage asset. Only a limited selection of these is likely to be particularly important in terms of any particular development.
Location and siting of development x Proximity to asset; x Extent; x Position in relation to landform; x Degree to which location will physically or visually isolate asset; and x Position in relation to key views.
The form and appearance of the development x Prominence, dominance, or conspicuousness; x Competition with or distraction from the asset; x Dimensions, scale and massing; x Proportions; x Visual permeability (extent to which it can be seen through); x Materials (texture, colour, reflectiveness, etc); x Architectural style or design; x Introduction of movement or activity; and x Diurnal or seasonal change.
Other effects of the development x Change to built surroundings and spaces; x Change to skyline; x Noise, odour, vibration, dust, etc.; x Lighting effects and ‘light spill’; x Change to general character (e.g. suburbanising or industrialising); x Changes to public access, use or amenity; x Changes to land use, land cover, tree cover; x Changes to archaeological context, soil chemistry, or hydrology; and
15 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
x Changes to communications/accessibility/permeability.
Permanence of the development x Anticipated lifetime/temporariness; x Recurrence; and x Reversibility.
Longer term or consequential effects of the development x Changes to ownership arrangements; x Economic and social viability; and x Communal use and social viability.
Step 4: Maximising enhancement and minimising harm
Enhancement, as specified in the NPPF para. 137, may be achieved by actions including: x removing or re-modelling an intrusive building or feature; x replacement of a detrimental feature by a new and more harmonious one; x restoring or revealing a lost historic feature or view; x introducing a wholly new feature that adds to the public appreciation of the asset; x introducing new views (including glimpses or better framed views) that add to the public experience of the asset; or x improving public access to, or interpretation of, the asset including its setting.
Options for reducing the harm arising from development may include the relocation of a development or its elements, changes to its design, the creation of effective long-term visual or acoustic screening, or management measures secured by planning conditions or legal agreements.
Step 5: Making and documenting the decision and monitoring outcomes
Step 5 identifies the desirability of making and documenting the decision-making process and monitoring outcomes. For the purposes of the current assessment Stages 1 to 3 have been followed, with Stage 4 forming, if/where appropriate, part of the recommendations.
Documentary research
Detail of designated sites and monuments was acquired from Historic England’s online National Heritage List for England (NHLE) and enhanced through further documentary research and site visits. Historic Ordnance Survey maps were acquired from Landmark’s ProMap service.
A synthesis of all relevant and significant information is presented below. A selection of historic maps are presented in Figs. 8-12. Photographs of the Site and its environs are presented in Plates 1-15.
Initial studies comprised the consultation of readily available information from documentary and cartographic sources. The major repositories of information consulted comprised:
National Heritage List for England: x World Heritage Sites; x Scheduled Monuments;
16 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
x Listed Buildings; x Registered Parks and Gardens; and x Registered Battlefield Sites.
Other sources: x Wiltshire Historic Environment Record (HER); x The National Archives; x Heritage Gateway; x Wiltshire Archives and Local Studies; x Available historic Ordnance Survey maps (Landmark/ProMap) and other manuscript maps (various sources); x Online sources, including ADS; and x Site visits and photographic survey. Assessment Process
Underlying the identification of significance is a considered assessment process, the aim of which is as far as possible to bring objectivity to bear on the understanding of historic value of the Site and its key sensitive receptors, in particular designated heritage assets, the setting of which, can be affected by any future development within the Site’s boundaries.
Individual buildings, features, places and areas are assessed as per the Historic England guidance set out above, but also in consideration of the following criteria: x Historical development of the Site and its environs; and x The setting and significance of heritage assets (whether designated or not), within or in proximity to the Site, including routes and views, and how development at the Site may affect this significance. Assessment Criteria
The criteria used in this assessment to assign a value to the potential magnitude of impact as a result of any Proposed Development are set out in Table 1, below.
Table 1: Impact Magnitude Criteria
Magnitude of Impact Defined as Substantial Adverse Total loss or major alteration of the assets or change in its setting, leading to the total loss or major reduction in the significance of the asset Moderate Adverse Partial Loss or alteration of the assets or change in its setting leading to the partial loss or reduction in the significance of the asset Slight Adverse Slight change from pre-development conditions to the asset or change in its setting leading to the slight loss or reduction in the significance of the asset Negligible No change or very slight change to the asset or change in its setting resulting in no
17 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
change or reduction in the significance of the asset Slight Beneficial Slight improvement to the asset or change in its setting which slightly enhances the significance of the asset Moderate Beneficial Moderate improvement to the asset or change in its setting which moderately enhances the significance of the asset Substantial Beneficial Major improvement to the asset or change in its setting which substantially enhances the significance of the asset
Table 2, below, establishes the importance of a heritage asset in line with national criteria.
Table 2: Significance of Heritage Assets
Importance Criteria of Heritage Asset High World Heritage Sites Scheduled Monuments Archaeological sites of Schedulable quality & importance Grade I & II* Listed Buildings and their settings Registered Parks and Gardens and their settings Registered Battlefields Conservation Areas Medium Grade II Listed Buildings, Local Authority designated sites e.g. locally listed buildings and their settings Undesignated sites of demonstrable regional importance Low Sites with importance locally
Table 3, below, represents a significance and magnitude of impact matrix which illustrates how levels of impact equate to ‘harm’ as employed in the NPPF. It should be noted that it is not the intention of the author to use this matrix table rigidly, rather it should be viewed as an additional aid to the assessment of harm.
Table 3: Significance and Magnitude of Impact Matrix
Significance Magnitude of Impact of Receptor Substantial Moderate Slight Negligible Beneficial Adverse Adverse Adverse High Less than Less than Less than Substantial Positive Substantial Substantial Substantial Harm Effect Harm Harm Harm Medium Less than Less than Substantial Positive Substantial Substantial No Harm Harm Effect Harm Harm Low Less than Less than Substantial Positive Substantial Substantial No Harm Harm Effect Harm Harm
18 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
It should be noted that where no impacts are identified, then the resulting assessment will conclude No Effect.
4. RECORDED HERITAGE RESOURCE
Introduction
The following section provides a summary of the archaeological and historical development of the Site and study area, compiled from sources listed above. The aim is to establish the known and potential resource which could be affected by the Proposed Development.
Previous studies
In total, four archaeological interventions or studies, referred to as ‘events’, are recorded by the HER within the 1km study area, as illustrated in Fig. 6. These are listed in full and briefly described in Appendix 1. Where considered of relevance to the Site, they are discussed in more detail below.
Site visit
The Site was visited on foot on 5th May 2017, where the Site and its environs were accessed in bright conditions. A walkover survey was completed and detail on its component parts and boundaries were annotated on a 1:2,500 Ordnance Survey map of the area.
The Site comprised an open paddock with a small stable/outbuilding on its eastern boundary, as seen in the Ordnance Survey map (Fig. 1). The field boundary depicted in modern OS maps has been removed and its former location is marked by a solitary tree (Plate 2).
The field was flat although shallow earthworks were visible in the southern part of the Site, extending east-west to the south of the tree. These earthworks are considered a little too broad to represent remnant ridge and furrow and are likely the result of this part of the Site’s former use as allotment gardens (see historic map regression section, 1924 OS map) or drainage runs. No other indicators of archaeological potential were identified.
The wider Conservation Area and village were also assessed during the site visit, including areas of 20th century development at The Beeches and The Close.
A digital photographic record was maintained, and a selection of photographs is presented as Plates 1-15.
Statutory and local heritage designations
1km study area
No Scheduled Monuments are recorded for the study area however a total of 16 Listed Buildings; one Listed Grade II* (Church of All Saints) and the remainder at Grade II are recorded. The majority of the Listed Buildings lie within the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area (Fig. 2, CA2) which comprises the historic core of the settlement. A number of the Listed Buildings are associated with the parish church, representing sepulchral monuments (Fig. 2).
19 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Archaeological and historical context
Prehistoric (pre-AD43)
Despite Wiltshire’s rich prehistoric heritage, the HER contains very limited evidence relating to prehistoric sites or activity within the 1km study area.
Archaeological investigations undertaken at the Grade II Listed Lydiard Park to the south of the Site (Fig. 2, RPG1) recorded residual prehistoric worked and burnt flint from areas to the west and east of the main house (Wessex Archaeology 2004).
Later prehistoric evidence in the wider landscape is evidenced through the presence some 1.85km northwest of the Site of a small multivallate hillfort situated c. 450m west of Restrop Farm, known as Ringsbury Camp. Archaeological finds at the site attest to its use over a considerable time prior to its development during the Iron Age, with a Neolithic flint assemblage recorded from the monument (Wessex Archaeology 2011).
This evidence suggests a moderate level of prehistoric activity in the wider area and its influence may well have extended as far out as the Site. Nonetheless, given the very low levels of recorded data, it is considered that there is a correspondingly low potential for finds relating to prehistoric activity at the Site.
Romano-British (AD43 to AD410)
Romano-British activity has also been recorded to the north, west and east of the main house at Lydiard Park. During the 2004 fieldwork, concentrations of Romano-British material were recorded from the walled garden and northern car park areas including a significant discovery of the remains of a high status Romano-British building (Fig. 6, EV3; Wessex Archaeology 2004).
A shallow ditch of likely Romano-British was identified during archaeological works associated with the Esso Midline pipeline in 1985 (Fig. 3, 7; Fig. 6; EV4; Smith & Cox 1986). Further Romano-British pottery was recovered from the area around the ditch.
In addition, Roman pottery was recovered during earlier pipeline works in the area, along the route of the Calne-Fairford pipeline (Fig. 6, EV1; Wessex Archaeology 1990).
The potential for remains or finds of Romano-British date within the boundaries of the Site is considered to be low.
Early medieval (AD410-1066) to late medieval (1066-1529)
It is suggested that the place name Lydiard, first recorded in AD900 as Lidgærd, is derived from the Old English Lydan-geard, meaning ‘Lyda’s enclosed place’, possibly in reference to an enclosed part of Braydon Forest. This may result from an even earlier Welsh derivation, llidiart meaning an opening, gate or gap, possibly describing an entrance to the forest. The area may have once marked a boundary between Welsh and Saxon tribes and the area is recorded as still heavily wooded at the time of the Domesday survey in 1086 (Tomkins 1983).
The 'wood of Braydon' is recorded in a number of Saxon charters, and formed part of a formidable forest barrier known in the early medieval period as Sealwudu.
At Domesday, the manor is recorded as Lydiarde, held by King William I and comprising a land area of ten hides (Williams & Martin 1992). During the early medieval period, a hide, derived
20 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
from an Anglo-Saxon word meaning ‘family’, referred to a land-holding that was considered sufficient to support a family. In modern measurement of area, this is approximately equivalent to 12ha. Domesday further records that in 1086 there were woods “…three leagues long and three wide in Brokenborough, two leagues long and two wide in Purton and in Crudwell, two leagues long and one wide in Wootton Bassett…” with other extensive woodlands at Lydiard Millicent and Lydiard Tregoze (Crittall 1959). There is evidence that Braydon had become a royal forest by 1135.
The manor passed through a number of hands through the earlier part of the post-Conquest period and in the 13th century became the property of William de Clinton who had a wife called Lady Milsent. This is the derivation of the second part of the parish name, although it is considered very uncommon for a female Christian name to be used as a second parish name.
The majority of the parish lay within the boundaries of Braydon Forest until it was mostly disforested in c. 1330, beyond which time the parish comprised generally open fields, common pasture and meadows with Braydon Forest on its western edge. Wood is recorded as having been sold from the manor from at least the mid-15th century, and during the reign of Elizabeth I, a number of commissions were issued to check abuses in the forest, particularly with reference to the unauthorized cutting of timber and underwood.
Elements of the extant Church of All Saints date to the 14th and 15th centuries. The structure includes a 14th century nave and south aisle and, externally, an interesting carved sundial at shoulder height at the building’s southwest corner. The church is Grade II* Listed.
The HER records limited evidence for medieval activity within the 1km study area, beyond the foundation of the settlement itself (Fig. 4, 26). A group of pottery sherds are recorded from a garden at The Butts. The ceramics date to the 13th and 14th centuries. Further medieval pottery was recorded along the route of the Calne to Fairford pipeline, in association with remnant ridge and furrow earthworks (Wessex Archaeology 1990).
Approximately 495m southeast of the Site, Parkside Farm (Fig. 4, 17) represents a partially extant medieval farmstead built over a dispersed plan with farm buildings located across multiple yards (Edwards 2014). Earthworks of potentially medieval date have been identified some 260m to the east of the farmstead (Fig. 4, 11).
Given the situation of the Site in relatively close proximity to the medieval church and the village core, it is considered that the potential for buried remains of medieval origin is low to moderate.
Post-medieval (1540-1800) and modern (1801-present)
In 1570-1 the open fields and common pasture of the settlement were enclosed following a private agreement between the landowners and as a result, the grazing of common livestock was much reduced at an unusually early date (Crittall 1959).
In 1650 Mr. Webb, owner of Lydiard Millicent Manor, is recorded to have enclosed the remains of the woodland, known then as Webb’s Wood, after Braydon Forest had been enclosed by the Crown in 1630. He handed back an area of Lydiard Plain to be used for common grazing in compensation. In 1637, Webb’s Wood is recorded to have covered an area of 387 acres, or 156.5ha. Whilst the wood was used for sport and recreation into the 19th century, much of the tree growth had been lost by this time and in 1880, the woodland measured a little under 81ha (history.Wiltshire.gov.uk).
21 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
The manor of Lydiard Millicent also passed through the hands of several families through the post-medieval period. The Webbs sold the estate to the Askew family and Sir John Askew is recorded to have laid out the gardens with the assistance of his wife Lady Jane Askew, in 1753.
The Lydiard Manor estate was purchased by the Streeton family in the early 19th century and the Reverend Henry Streeton was Rector of the parish church in the mid-19th century. Following his death, a bequest of land was used in 1864 for the construction of an elementary school with a residence for the master (Kellys Directory 1915).
The manor house was largely destroyed by fire in 1880, although Manor Farm (Fig. 5, 20) was incorporated in the grounds of the former house at this time. Manor Farm was still a working farm in the 1950s. The remains of the original manor were demolished in 1962 and a new manor was built on the site in 1966.
The settlement of Lydiard Millicent remained small into the 19th and 20th centuries. Many of the properties within the Conservation Area date to the 19th century and the village only saw real growth with the construction of new housing developments, such as those off The Street to the east and northeast of the Site (Plate 14), and The Beeches to the west (Plate 13).
The Site itself appears to have remained open and undeveloped throughout recorded history, probably forming part of the medieval and post-medieval commons following the clearance of much of the woodland in the later medieval period.
The developmental history of the Site and its environs from the late post-medieval period to the present day is discussed further below in the historic map regression section.
Historic map regression: the developmental history of the Site
The study of historic maps can help to identify the potential for archaeological features, in particular former field boundaries, the locations of former buildings and other upstanding or dug features, now no longer visible in the landscape.
1610-11 John Speed’s Map of Wilshire
The earliest map referenced for this study was John Speed’s map of Wiltshire (Wilshire). The map identifies the settlement of North Lediard, to the north of Lediard tregose (Lydiard Tregoze). The map offers insufficient detail to contribute further to this assessment, as do a number of further 17th and 18th century maps which were assessed to be very similar in nature to Speed’s.
1773 Andrews and Dury’s Map of Wiltshire (Fig. 8)
This late 18th century map is well-detailed and shows the settlement as Liddiard Millicent. The extensive formal gardens of the manor are clearly illustrated to the north of the church. Individual fields are not shown, although the location of the Site is identifiable through its proximity to the Parsonage, now Honeywood House (Fig. 2, LB4).
With the exception of the manor and its gardens, the village remains largely undeveloped with only a small number of properties illustrated along The Street and an even smaller number to the west of the church and manor.
22 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
1839 Lydiard Millicent Parish tithe map (Fig. 9)
The tithe map and apportionment were completed in 1839 by Richard Hall of Cirencester. It includes the railway, water bodies, houses, farmyards, named woodland, parkland, arable and pasture land, orchards, gardens, field boundary ownerships, the manor house and the green (Kain & Oliver 1995).
The map identifies the Site as parts of two larger field, Plots 150 and 151, including a large pond at the Site’s northeastern corner.
Fields which contain elements of the Site are shown in bold typeface in the table below. Field name interpretations are generally after Field 1973 and 1989.
Table 4: 1839 Lydiard Millicent Parish tithe map
Plot Plot Name Land Owner(s) Land Use Interpretation No. Sir Charles Blunt & The Late Mrs. 150 Lye Field Pasture Refers to a small field. B. Story Maskelyne Sir Charles Blunt & The Late Mrs. 151 Lye Field Arable As above. B. Story Maskelyne Cottage and 139 Sir Charles Blunt - Descriptive. Garden 148 Garden Sir Charles Blunt - Descriptive. Cottage and 177 Lord Bolingbroke - Descriptive. Garden Tilmarshes Unknown but may refer to 152 Lord Bolingbroke Arable Ground tile making. Stoney Hill 153 Lord Bolingbroke Arable Descriptive. Ground 160 The Cow Leaze Lord Bolingbroke Pasture Land leased for cattle. The Home ‘Land near the centre of the 154 Lord Bolingbroke Arable Ground farm’. The Reverend The Parsonage 134 Samuel Wilson Arable Descriptive. Ground Warneford
The apportionment identifies that the Site and a number of adjoining and nearby plots were owned by Sir Charles Blunt and the estate of the Late Mrs. Maskelyne. Blunt served with the East India Company and also represented Lewes (Sussex) in the House of Commons from 1831 until his death in 1840. Much of the land around the Site was in the ownership of Lord Viscount Bolingbroke, who at this time owned Lydiard House and Park in the adjoining parish of Lydiard Tregoze.
The tithe map identifies two features of note. The first is the east-west aligned field boundary which lies to the north of the recently removed boundary shown in modern OS maps. The second feature of interest is the large pond in the northeast corner of the Site. Whilst the road
23 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
intervenes, the pond does appear related to, or an extension of, the village pond to the north which is still extant today.
1886 1:2,500 Ordnance Survey County Series (Fig. 10)
The earliest Ordnance Survey (OS) map viewed for this assessment was the 1886 1:2,500 (25 inch) edition which illustrates a number of changes since the completion of the tithe map and apportionment.
The pond in the northeast corner has been significantly extended and now occupies approximately a quarter of the entire area of the Site, extending across its full width in its northern section. The pond is clearly an ornamental feature, surrounded by mature tree planting and a path.
The east-west aligned field boundary shown in the tithe map has been realigned, representing part of a wider realignment of field boundaries in the environs of the village.
To the west of the Site the Rectory (now Honeywood House; Fig. 2, LB4) has now been built with associated gardens, outbuildings and drive.
1900 1:2,500 Ordnance Survey County Series (Fig. 11)
By 1900 the situation at the Site has remained unchanged. Of note is the recent construction of the rectangular cemetery adjacent to the Site’s western boundary. A building shown in the tithe (Plot 177) and subsequent maps to the east of the large ornamental pond in the north of the Site has now been removed. A footpath is illustrated to the immediate west of its former location.
1924 1:2,500 Ordnance Survey County Series
This mid-1920s edition shows little change in relation to the previous map, although the southern part of the Site, to the south of the field boundary, is now shown as Allotment Gardens. Further allotments are shown to the south of the Site.
1925 1:10,560 Ordnance Survey County Series
The 1925 edition leaves the part of the Site to the south of the field boundary unannotated. Allotment Gardens are still illustrated to the south. This may be the result of the map’s scale and the annotation for the cemetery occupying this part of the map, or may indicate that the allotments are no longer extant.
1960 1:10,560 Ordnance Survey Plan
The Allotment Gardens to the south of the Site have now been extended northwards to include the entire field which is bounded to its north by a public footpath. A small number of outbuildings now occupy a broadly triangular parcel of land adjacent to the centre and south of the Site.
The boundaries of the wider settlement remain unchanged with no obvious new development shown.
24 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
1970 1:2,500 Ordnance Survey Plan (Fig. 12)
This map illustrates considerable new development within Lydiard Millicent, including The Beeches (Plate 13) and areas to the north of The Street (Plate 14) and south including Park View Drive.
New agricultural buildings to the east of the Site, associated with Lydiard Farm are now extant (Plate 2), along with two small buildings in the southern field of the Site. The Cemetery has now been formalised with access adjacent to the western boundary extending from the newly added Parish Hall to the north (Plate 15).
The 1970 edition also illustrates the recently completed new Manor House, constructed in 1966 to the north of the parish church whilst the Grade II Listed Rectory to the west of the Site has been renamed Honeywood House. A Rectory is now illustrated at the western extent of The Butts.
1973 1:10,000 Ordnance Survey Plan
Additional development is illustrated within existing housing to the north of The Close.
1985-92 1:10,000 Ordnance Survey Plan
No further significant changes at the Site or its wider environs are illustrated in this map.
Satellite imagery
The Google Earth sequence of satellite images covers the period 2002-2017.
The 2002 image illustrates the Site much as it is today, with the east-west aligned field boundary removed by this date – only a solitary tree has remained. The 2007 image clearly shows the east-west linear earthworks identified during the site visit in the southern part of the Site.
No further changes or development are visible through the remainder of the satellite image sequence.
Historic Landscape Character
The HLC for the county identifies the Site, and indeed much of the remainder of the village, as Type RSE-VILL: Rural Settlement. The Site and areas to the north and west are described thus: “This part of Lydiard Millicent constitutes the historic core of the village, and it clusters around the road. While it has expanded over time the layout shown on the [1st edition] 6" OS map has been retained. The church and several farms exist here”.
This broad Rural Settlement HLC type is considered unremarkable inasmuch as it is relatively common throughout the county, however, given the survival of the local historic streetscape and character, the HLC is assessed generally to be of low to moderate heritage value.
Public Rights of Way (PROWs)
Views from the route of nearby public rights of way have been considered in completion of this assessment. In closest proximity to the Site is a PROW extending from the road close to the parish church southwards to the east of the Parish Hall and cemetery to meet a network of further footpaths some 460m south of the Site, one of which extends eastwards to the Grade II Listed Parkside Farm (Fig. 2, LB13).
25 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Views from this footpath toward the Site are generally screened by mature trees along its route, and by the cemetery and Parish Hall further north. From the PROWs to the south, views are more open although distance would much reduce, or likely negate, any negative impacts in views northwards toward the village.
5. ASSESSMENT OF THE SIGNIFICANCE OF DESIGNATED HERITAGE ASSETS
Scoping
The site visit identified that the majority of designated sites, monuments and areas within the study area could be scoped out with regard to any further detailed assessment, due to the situation of the Site at the periphery of the historic settlement, and due to screening afforded by the intervening built environment, trees and infrastructure.
Designated heritage assets or their settings which may be affected by development at the Site have been identified as the Church of All Saints (Fig. 2, LB14), Honeywood House (Fig. 2, LB4) and the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area (Fig. 2, CA2). Listed monuments within the immediate setting of the church are considered to be intrinsically linked to it in terms of their significance and setting, and have not been separately assessed.
The results of the scoping exercise are also set out below, with all scoping completed in line with the principles set out in the documents Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 3 - The Setting of Heritage Assets (Historic England 2015), Valuing Places: Good Practice in Conservation Areas (English Heritage 2011b) and Conservation Principles: Policies and guidance for the sustainable management of the historic environment (English Heritage 2008).
Church of All Saints (Fig. 2, LB14; Plates 7-9; List Entry 1356045)
Statement of Significance
The Listed Building and its setting
This Grade II* Listed Building represents an Anglican parish church of largely 14th, 15th and 19th century construction. Structurally it is built of rubble limestone which was originally rendered but is no longer so, under stone slate roofs. It includes a nave and an independently roofed south aisle with a porch, a chancel, a west tower and a north chancel vestry. Externally a blocked priest's door is set into the church’s south side and an interesting chest-height carved sundial survives close to its southwest corner.
A small graveyard is set around the building which includes a number of monuments and tombs dedicated to prominent local citizens and families (e.g. Plate 8), alongside the village’s War memorial (Fig. 2, LB11; Plate 9) and a churchyard cross (Fig. 2, LB1), thought to pre-date the extant medieval building (allsaints-online.org.uk).
Whilst much of the church is of later medieval construction, the chancel was largely rebuilt in 1871 and internally a number of other post-medieval and later features are extant, including a canopy over the south door dating to 1857, and a screen to the vestry in the Gothic style, completed in 1924. Further monuments to local families are set within the church.
The immediate setting of the church comprises its modest graveyard which is enclosed by low walls, the north and west brick boundary walls dating from 1715 (allsaints-online.org.uk). The graveyard is now no longer used for burials, with a separate graveyard to the south now
26 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
utilised for this purpose. The graveyard includes a number of important monuments, many of them Listed as set out above, and substantial mature trees at its perimeter. The lichgate is accessed beneath a sculpted yew hedge.
The wider setting of the parish church is formed by the settlement of Lydiard Millicent, much of which lies to the east and west, set within a broader landscape of enclosed agricultural fields, hamlets and individual farmsteads.
Contributors to the significance of the heritage asset
Archaeological value: Whilst the church itself has undergone a degree of 19th century remodelling and refurbishment, much of the structure remains a late medieval building dating largely to the 14th and 15th centuries.
The church itself, as identified above, is a 14th century foundation, and the potential for evidence for this period of its use may survive as buried archaeological deposits beneath and around the extant structure.
The adjacent churchyard cross (Fig. 2, LB1) is considered older than the extant building, with the shaft believed to be Saxon in origin, possibly representing a reused baluster mullion of a window of that period (allsaints-online.org.uk).
In addition, evidential value will be derived from the historic largely medieval fabrics which comprise its structure, indeed recent dendrochronology has dated a roof timber as being cut down in 1341, and used by 1345 (ibid.).
It is assessed that the archaeological value associated with the church and its environs will contribute at least moderately to the Listed Building’s overall significance.
Historical value: Historically the Church of All Saints will derive illustrative historical value from its medieval origins. Whilst, internally, the fabric of the building has been somewhat altered and adapted for cultural, stylistic and social reasons through the 18th and 19th centuries, the church remains essentially a 14th and 15th century building. Given this antiquity, it is clear the building will have retained something close to its original plan, although somewhat expanded from its earlier form.
The Grade II* Listed Church also demonstrates associative historical value, the majority of which will be derived from its sepulchral and commemorative monuments. Included amongst these are a number of external monuments dedicated to the memory of members of the Bewley, Wickham and Mundee families, all influential local land and property owners and likely former patrons of the church. Further dedications inside the church include those to the Bewley, Askew and Millington families.
The church also features a number of stained glass windows of note, both historic and more modern (20th century) in origin.
Within the cemetery, a number of graves and family plots will hold associative value for the connections they engender between local families and the church, many of which will stretch back many generations.
The historical value of the church, both illustrative and associative, is considered to contribute considerably to the Listed Building’s overall significance.
27 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Architectural value: Architectural value is derived from the church’s largely medieval architecture. The overall style is rather plain although typical of churches this later medieval period. Further architectural value will be derived from the many monuments of a number of styles within the immediate graveyard setting, a number of which are protected under separate Grade II Listings.
The building is well-proportioned and is considered to represent a fine example of an English church, and as such its architectural value is assessed to contribute considerably to its overall significance.
Communal value: The Grade II Listed Church of All Saints, in common with places of worship across the country which demonstrate medieval origins, represents the importance of the Christian faith in England in relation to rural, largely agricultural communities from the medieval period through to the more secular 20th and 21st centuries. The church is identified as a very important contributor to, and symbol of, the local community.
As is the case with any active community church, many generations of local families will relate life experiences directly to it, including birth, marriage and ultimately burial. The presence of both the well-maintained and secluded graveyard, and its remote later addition to the south, will enhance this feeling of community, and thus the communal value the building holds.
Contribution of Setting: The Listed Building’s immediate setting contributes considerably to its overall significance. The modest and intimate churchyard with its historic walls and mature trees offers a tranquil and secluded space, distinctly separate from its wider setting. It represents a contemplative space, appropriate in the context of a church and churchyard and from within which one can appreciate the architectural and aesthetic qualities of the largely late medieval building.
The wider setting, whilst reflective of agriculture as a significant contributor to the settlement’s development from at least the medieval period, is considered to offer a far more limited contribution to the significance of the heritage asset, although the presence of the remote graveyard some 100m to the south is of note.
The suburban extents of urban Swindon lie just over 1km to the east.
Overall: The Church of All Saints is assessed to be of national significance, as reflected in its Grade II* Listing, largely in respect of its archaeological, architectural and historical values, along with the contribution of its immediate setting and the communal value it holds. Locally, it represents arguably the most significant building within the settlement of Lydiard Millicent and its Conservation Area.
Honeywood House (Fig. 2, LB4; List Entry 1198049)
Statement of Significance
The Listed Building and its setting
The former Rectory now known as Honeywood House is Listed Grade II and now comprises a private residence. It dates to 1855-57 and is constructed of rockfaced limestone with Bathstone dressings under a stone slate roof with ashlar stacks, built over two storeys with attics. Its façade extends over four bays with the left side bay gabled, and with a one storey gabled porch. An attached single storey service wing lies to the right of the main building, and
28 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
the left elevation has a gabled canted bay. The Arms of Pembroke College, who appointed the parish's rector from the mid-19th century, are set within a stair window.
The Listed Building’s immediate setting comprises modest gardens to the front and rear – the rear garden, to west of property, is walled. Access from The Street is via a well-screened drive flanked by large mature trees.
The wider setting of Honeywood House includes the built environment of Lydiard Millicent within a broader landscape of predominantly agricultural land. The extents of urban Swindon lie just over 1km to the east.
Contributors to the significance of the heritage asset
Archaeological value: The Listed Building derives limited significance from its historic fabrics which date to the mid-19th century.
Further archaeological significance will be derived from as yet unidentified buried archaeological deposits beneath or around the house.
The Listed Building’s archaeological value is considered to contribute to its overall significance to a limited degree.
Historical value: A degree of illustrative historical value will contribute to the overall significance of the Listed Building, derived from its representing a fine example of a Victorian rectory of some substance.
Associative historical value is derived from the building’s association with the parish Church of All Saints and the many rectors of the church who would have resided here. It continued in use as the rectory until 1952 subsequent to which a new and smaller rectory house was built nearby in 1951-52.
The Listed Building’s historical value is considered to contribute moderately to its overall significance.
Architectural value: The Listed Building’s architectural value is derived from its distinctive and rather lavish mock Gothic Victorian architectural style. Further value is derived from a number of individual architectural features such as the interior stone flagged floor with decorated tile bands, an iron balustrade on the stairs and the previously mentioned Arms of Pembroke College in the stair window.
The architectural value of Honeywood House is considered to contribute considerably to its overall significance.
Communal value: Little communal value is derived from the former rectory, although its historical associations with the village’s cultural development and the 19th century economy will offer a degree of communal value in their contribution to a sense of place with regard to Lydiard Millicent as an historic settlement. The contribution of communal value to the Listed Building’s overall significance is considered to be low, particularly in light of its no longer serving as the village rectory.
Contribution of Setting: The immediate setting of the former rectory comprises its modest formal gardens and wider areas of lawns and trees.
29 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
The wider setting of the Listed Building includes the Church of All Saints, and the historical association between the church and the former rectory is an important factor in the determination of the significance of the wider setting.
The wider setting also includes the settlement of Lydiard Millicent to the east and west and broad areas of agricultural land to the south, both of which are considered of significance in terms of the importance of the former rectory.
It is assessed that the Listed Building’s setting offers a moderate contribution to its overall significance.
Overall: As a Grade II Listed Building, Honeywood House is considered to be of importance at a local level, probably limited to its association with the church and the wider historic settlement of Lydiard Millicent. This significance is enhanced through its architectural and aesthetic value and its historical contribution to the local community.
Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area (Fig. 2, CA1)
The character of the Conservation Area
The Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area was designated in 1994 and has not been extended or amended since that date. The Conservation Area boundaries comprise the majority of the historic built environment of the village whilst excluding the majority of 20th century development.
Whilst no Conservation Area Appraisal has been completed for Lydiard Millicent, it is clear that its character is derived from a number of separate elements, predominantly the village’s built heritage, the interrelationship of the many and relatively dispersed historic buildings, and the variety of their architectural styles. The significance of the many historic buildings within the Conservation Area is identified through the fact that a large number of them are Listed, the majority at Grade II although the Church of All Saints is Grade II*. This special character is further enhanced through the retention within the streetscape of historic street patterns.
Further contributions to the Conservation Area’s character can be identified in the settlement’s open spaces, garden and boundary walls, trees and hedges alongside wider vistas both into and out of the Conservation Area. Monuments within the church and churchyard, many dedicated to prominent local families, will further contribute to this special character.
The village and Conservation Area include only limited areas of public open space, however, its wider landscape setting which comprises predominantly agricultural land interspersed with farmsteads is of importance. This broader landscape setting informs as to the settlement's historical origins and the main economy which has contributed to its subsistence and growth through the medieval and post-medieval periods.
It is not considered that the Site contributes significantly to the setting of the Conservation Area, due to its peripheral nature. It is recognised, however, that it does feature in views from the south afforded from the PROW between the village and Parkside Farm, although these are limited by both distance and a gentle drop in elevation from north to south.
Contribution of the Site to the character and setting of Horsington Conservation Area
The Site lies within the extents of the Conservation Area, whose southern boundary forms part of the southern boundary of the Site.
30 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Currently it is not considered that the Site contributes significantly to the character of the Conservation Area, lying between the graveyard extension and the modern Parish Hall to the west and modern farm buildings of Lydiard Farm to the east.
6. POTENTIAL EFFECTS OF THE PROPOSED WORKS
Introduction
Assessment of the potential effect of the proposal on the significance of heritage assets is set out below. Assessments as to the magnitude of effects will broadly follow the criteria set out in Tables 1-3 above, in combination with professional judgement.
Impact of the proposed works on buried archaeology
The potential for the Site to contain buried archaeological remains has been assessed as generally relatively low. Previous use of the southern area of the Site, where development is proposed, as allotment gardens will have disturbed buried deposits further reducing this potential.
Any proposed construction works will result in below-ground impacts associated with the excavation of foundations, service runs, infrastructure and soft and hard landscaping. These works will likely damage or remove any archaeological deposits which may survive at the Site.
Impact of the proposed works on the Historic Landscape Character
The HLC of the Site identifies the Site and the bulk of the wider settlement as Type RSE-VILL: Rural Settlement, forming part of the historic core of the settlement. This has been assessed above as an HLC type generally common throughout the county and is considered to be of low to moderate heritage value
It is assessed that small-scale development in an area already assessed as representing Rural Settlement will have No Impact on the HLC or streetscape of the area as it both lies away from the main village thoroughfares and does not extend the historical limits of the settlement. No Harm to the HLC is assessed.
Impact of the proposed works on Public Rights of Way
Views from the routes of two public rights of way have been discussed above, with views of the Grade II* Listed church and the edges of the Conservation Area available to a limited degree only from the north-south aligned footpath which passes to the west of the Parish Hall. Further PROWs to the south, particularly to the west of Parkside Farm offer views north to the Conservation Area, but again these are limited both by distance and the local topography which falls gently away as one progresses south from the village.
Whilst any new build at the Site will be visible in longer views toward the church and Conservation Area, assuming recommendations in this document (see below) are largely followed, then any negative impacts can be significantly reduced.
Assuming construction is completed within acceptable parameters relating to height, location and density, any impact upon views from the nearby PROWs can be considered as, at worst, Negligible and No Harm is predicted as a result.
31 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Impact of the Proposed Development on the significance of heritage assets
Church of All Saints
Archaeological value: Development at the Site will not impact physically upon the Grade II* Listed church and will not affect any archaeological value derived from its historic fabrics. No historical association between the Site and the church has been established, despite their proximity to one another and any buried archaeological deposits which may survive at the Site are unlikely to relate to the church or its development.
It is assessed that the archaeological value attached to the church will remain unaffected by any development at the Site, and thus No Harm is assessed.
Historical value: The Listed Building’s historical value is derived both from the antiquity of much of the building itself, and from the many historical associations with prominent local families identifiable through the church’s many dedications and sepulchral monuments, a number of which are separately Grade II Listed.
Any development at the Site will not impact upon its historical value and No Impact is assessed, resulting in No Harm in heritage planning terms.
Architectural value: It is not considered that the architectural value of the Listed Building will be affected by any development at the Site, which lies at a reasonable distance from the church, and is assessed to be both physically and historically separate, as discussed above.
No Impact is assessed, resulting in No Harm with reference to Tables 1-3, set out above.
Communal value: It is assessed that development at the Site will not impact upon the considerable communal value ascribed to the Listed church and No Harm is assessed in heritage planning terms. The proposals also include the provision of new Public Open Space and a heritage based information board which will highlight the significance of the Church of All Saints and the special character of the Conservation Area. It is considered that this will result in a Positive Effect on the communal value ascribed to the Listed church.
Setting: As described above, the Grade II* Listed Building’s immediate setting comprises its intimate churchyard which is considered to represent an area distinctly separate from its wider setting. This immediate setting is considered to contribute considerably to the church’s overall significance.
In respect of the Listed Building’s wider setting, whilst it has been assessed to be broadly reflective of agriculture as a significant contributor to the development of Lydiard Millicent from at least the medieval period, it is considered to offer a far more limited contribution to the significance of the heritage asset.
Development at the Site, assuming it is undertaken generally within the parameters set out in this document, will impact upon the church’s wider setting. However, it is considered that the Site is definitively separated from the church historically, and through the physical presence of the intervening road and boundary wall.
As such, it is assessed that development within the Site will not impact significantly on the setting or significance of the church and a Negligible Impact is concluded with regard to the setting of the church, resulting in No Harm in planning terms.
32 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Overall: The Church of All Saints is assessed to be of national significance, as reflected in its Grade II* Listing, largely in respect of its archaeological, architectural and historical values, along with the contribution of its immediate setting. Its wider setting has been assessed as of lesser value in its contribution to the heritage asset’s significance.
The assessment of impact above has concluded No Harm in respect of the more significant contributors to the heritage asset’s significance.
It is concluded therefore that, in general terms, development at the Site may result in a Negligible Impact upon the significance of the Listed Building, heritage related enhancements provided as part of the development proposal will fully mitigate this, leading to No Harm overall in terms of the NPPF and PPG.
Honeywood House
Archaeological value: Given the Site’s location some 130m distant from the Listed former rectory, any development there will not impact on any archaeological deposits or historic fabrics associated with the Listed Building. No Harm is assessed with regard to development at the Site in terms of the NPPF and PPG.
Historical value: Both illustrative and associative historical value have been assessed to contribute to the Listed Building’s overall significance, deriving from its antiquity, state of preservation and its association with the rectors of the Church of All Saints.
It is not considered that any development at the Site will materially affect this significance due to the separation of the two entities, both in physical and historical terms. It is assessed that any development at the Site will result in No Harm with regard to the Listed Building’s historical value.
Architectural value: For many of the same reasons set out above in relation to its historical value, it is assessed that the Listed Building’s architectural value will not be affected adversely by development at the Site and consequently No Harm is assessed in this respect.
Communal value: It has been assessed that the very limited communal value associated with the former rectory will not be affected adversely by development at the Site and No Harm is assessed in this regard.
Setting: As described above, the immediate setting of Honeywood House comprises its modest formal gardens and wider areas of lawns and trees.
The Listed Building’s wider setting includes the Church of All Saints, and the historical association between the church and the former rectory has been identified as an important factor in the significance of the wider setting. This setting also includes the wider residential development, both historical and modern, of Lydiard Millicent.
This notwithstanding, the physical separation of the Site from the Listed Building has been taken into consideration, along with the screening effects of the many substantial mature trees associated with the wider environs of the house and the Site which offer an effective physical barrier to any visual impacts.
It is assessed that development at the Site does not have the capacity to adversely affect this setting and any impacts are assessed as Negligible, resulting in No Harm in terms of the NPPF and PPG.
33 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Overall: As described above, it is not considered that any development at the Site will impact significantly upon any aspect of the significance of the Grade II Listed Building, with No Harm assessed with regard to impacts upon its overall significance.
Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area
Potential impacts on the character and setting of Horsington Conservation Area
It has been assessed that the Site does not generally contribute significantly to the Conservation Area’s special character or setting, due in large part to its peripheral nature.
It has been recognised, however, that it does feature in views from the south available from the footpaths to the west of Parkside Farm, although these have been seen to be limited by both distance and the topography of the wider landscape which slopes generally down to the south of the settlement and the Site.
Given that the Site is not considered to contribute positively to the character or setting of the Conservation Area, and that it lies within the boundaries of the village limits, it is considered that development at the Site would result in a Negligible Impact on the character of the Conservation Area.
However, heritage related enhancements provided as part of the planning proposal, set out in Section 1.3-1.5 above, have been assessed as offering benefits to the character of the Conservation Area through improved public engagement with the heritage asset. It is considered that the Negligible Impact described above would be outweighed by the Positive Effect of this mitigation, leading to No Harm in terms of the NPPF and PPG.
7. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMEDATIONS
Introduction
The effect of the proposals on the identified historic environment resource will be a material consideration in the determination of the planning application.
In line with current planning policy, this historic environment desk based assessment has been completed with regard to the potential effects of development at the Site on buried archaeological remains, should they be present. Furthermore, an assessment has been completed of the potential effects on the settings and significance of designated heritage assets and the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area, identified through a scoping exercise as having the potential to represent important receptors sensitive to change. Further assessment has been undertaken in respect of possible adverse effects upon the Historic Landscape Character locally and views from nearby public rights of way.
Conclusion
In respect of the significance of the two nearby Listed Buildings, it has been assessed that development at the Site would result in No Harm with regard to either the Grade II Listed Honeywood House, or the Grade II* Listed Church of All Saints, which lies to the north of the Site. Indeed, the significance of the Listed church may be enhanced through the provision of both Public Open Space and an information board.
The Site has further been assessed to make no significant contribution to the special character or setting of the Lydiard Millicent Conservation Area and development at the Site would not extend village boundaries beyond their current limits. In heritage planning terms, No Harm
34 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
has been assessed with regard to the Conservation Area’s special character or setting due in part to the very secluded nature of the Site, and in part by the heritage related enhancements discussed in relation to the Church of All Saints and in Sections 1.3-1.5.
In addition, No Harm has been identified with regard to the Historic Landscape Character of the area.
The potential for buried archaeological remains at the Site has been assessed as generally low. It is likely that, if/where present, they are likely to relate to agricultural practice, such as evidence for former field boundaries or the more recent use of the Site for allotments. If present, buried archaeological remains will be impacted by any development there as a result of construction activity, landscaping and the provision of access and service runs.
Whilst development at the Site would slightly alter the settings of Horsington House and the Church of All Saints, and to a lesser degree the character of the Conservation Area, it is not considered that ‘change’ necessarily equates to ‘harm’ in planning terms. Changes to these local settings have been assessed as largely neutral in nature, with the potential for enhancement identified through appropriate design, as set out below.
In the proposed North-East Wiltshire Villages Neighbourhood Plan (Wiltshire Council 2015) it is stated in Draft Policy New-V 5 that: “All development proposals in the New-V plan area should be sensitive to the defining characteristics of the local area and demonstrate how they maintain the quality of the local built and natural environment”.
With regard to setting it continues “Landscape settings to all villages should be maintained to: x protect the separate identities of each settlement, and x assist in safeguarding the encroachment of development into the countryside”.
The draft policy concludes “At Lydiard Millicent, Lydiard Tregoze and Purton the landscape setting of these settlements should also be maintained to prevent the persistent erosion of the separation between places and coalescence with Swindon and Royal Wootton Bassett”.
The document also addresses the proximity of Lydiard Millicent to the expanding suburban extents of Swindon. In Section 3.19, the document states: “Lydiard Millicent, Lydiard Tregoze and Purton lie in undeveloped countryside close to the Swindon Borough Council boundary. Swindon is under constant pressure to grow and although development is currently directed towards the eastern side of Swindon and Wichelstowe there remains pressure from speculative development to the west of Swindon. Such development should not be permitted at the expense of the rural quality and value of these settlements”.
With regard to the above points, it is considered that development at the Site does not conflict with their content. The Site lies within the village’s existing boundaries and does not extend the boundaries of the settlement any closer to Swindon to the east, thus retaining the village’s separate rural identity.
In respect of the architectural quality of new buildings, Objective 8 states that new development should seek to “…promote good design which reflects the key characteristics of the historic settlements in the plan area to retain and enhance their individual identity. Key characteristics relate to both the relationship between buildings and the material used”.
Again, it is considered that both the architectural design and the layout of the buildings, shown in Appendix 2, appropriately concur with Objective 8.
35 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Recommendations
In consideration of the potential for buried archaeological remains at the Site, it is recommended that, for the avoidance of doubt, a geophysical should be completed across the Site to further assess the potential for the survival of archaeological remains.
36 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
8. SOURCES AND REFERENCES
Written Sources
Chartered Institute for Archaeologists 2014. Standard and Guidance for historic environment desk-based assessment (CIfA)
Crittall, E. 1959 (ed.). A History of the County of Wiltshire: Volume 4 (British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/wilts/vol4 [accessed 8 May 2017])
Edwards, B. 2014. Wiltshire Farmsteads Mapping Project Data (Forum Heritage Services)
English Heritage 2008. Conservation Principles: Policies and guidance for the sustainable management of the historic environment (EH)
English Heritage 2010. Understanding Place: Historic Area Assessments in a Planning and Development Context (EH)
English Heritage 2011a. Seeing History in the View (EH)
English Heritage 2011b. Valuing Places: Good Practice in Conservation Areas (EH)
English Heritage 2011c. Introductions to Heritage Assets: Banjo Enclosures (EH)
Field, J. 1973. A History of English Field-Names (Longman)
Field, J. 1989. English Field Names: A Dictionary (Sutton)
Historic England 2015a. Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 2 - Managing Significance in Decision-taking in the Historic Environment (Historic England)
Historic England 2015b. Historic Environment Good Practice Advice in Planning: Note 3 - The Setting of Heritage Assets (Historic England)
Kain, R.J.P. & Oliver, R.R. 1995. The tithe maps of England and Wales: A cartographic Analysis and County-by-County Catalogue (Cambridge)
Kellys Directory 1915
Nicolson, N. 1988. The Counties of Britain: A Tudor Atlas by John Speed (Pavilion)
The Clergy List for 1841
Tomkins, R. 1983. Wiltshire Place Names (Red Brick Publishing)
Wessex Archaeology 1990. Calne-Fairford Pipeline (WA)
Wessex Archaeology 2004. Lydiard Park, Swindon (WA)
Wessex Archaeology 2011. Restrop Road, Purton, Wiltshire: Heritage Statement (WA)
37 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Williams, A. & Martin, G.H. 1992. Domesday Book: A Complete Translation (Penguin)
Wiltshire Council 2015. North-East Wiltshire Villages Neighbourhood Plan (WC) Local Studies, Online and Digital Sources
Allsaints-online.org.uk Archaeology Data Service British Geological Survey Online British Library Online Google Earth Heritage Gateway National Archives National Heritage List for England Wiltshire and Swindon History Centre Wiltshire.gov.uk Cartographic sources
Where reproduced as Figures in this assessment, maps are shown in bold typeface:
1610-11 John Speed’s Map of Wilshire 1773 Andrews and Dury’s Map of Wiltshire 1839 Lydiard Millicent Parish tithe map 1886 Ordnance Survey County Series 1:2,500 1900 Ordnance Survey County Series 1:2,500 1924 Ordnance Survey County Series 1:2,500 1925 Ordnance Survey County Series 1:10,560 1960 Ordnance Survey County Series 1:10,560 1970 Ordnance Survey County Series 1:2,500 1973 Ordnance Survey Plan 1:10,000 1985-92 Ordnance Survey Plan 1:10,000 2017 Ordnance Survey 1:10,000 (digital edition)
38 Ref. AH500/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Appendix 1: Gazetteer of heritage assets
FIG. HE/HER REF. REF. NAME TYPE PERIOD SUMMARY STATUS EAST NORTH Designated Sites and Monuments (Historic England data: 1km study area) Listed Buildings (1km study area)
Churchyard cross. Medieval and C19. Limestone. Octagonal shaft, Churchyard returning to square at base. LB1 1023144 Churchyard Cross Medieval II 409347 185995 cross Coped octagonal base. All set on 3 C19 high steps and provided with wheel-cross head.
Templer Chest tomb. Mid C18. Monument, In Sandstone. Moulded table and Churchyard, 3 Post- chamfered base. Recessed LB2 1356047 Chest tomb II 409326 186011 Metres West Of medieval corner balusters. Inscription to Tower, Church WILLIAM TEMPLER, died 1766, Of All Saints and wife JANE, died 1743.
Pair Of Pair of chest tombs. Limestone. Unidentified C18. Chamfered tables with Monuments In Post- weathered inscriptions. Low LB3 1023145 Churchyard, 5 Chest tomb II 409350 186001 medieval plain sides with incised end Metres North Of pilasters and verse. Base Chancel, Church probably concealed. Of All Saints
39 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Rectory, now private house. 1855-7. Built at cost of £4,466. 6s 5d. Rockfaced limestone with Bath stone dressings. Stone slate Honeywood LB4 1198049 Rectory Victorian roof. 2-storeys and attics. 4 II 409270 185900 House bays. Left bay gabled, with 1- storey gabled porch with 2- centred arch having hollow moulding with trailing ivy.
House. Early C19. Stucco with The Grove, And slate roof. 2-storeys, 3 bays, Wall And double pile plan with stone LB5 1356048 House Victorian II 408903 185987 Gatepiers To hipped rear wing on left and 1- Road storey brick extension towards road on right.
Chest tomb. Early C19. Fine sandstone. Moulded table and Bewley chamfered base and plinth. Monument In Recessed corner balusters. Fine Churchyard, 4m Post- LB6 1023146 Chest tomb inscriptions to BENJAMIN II 409330 185997 West Of South medieval BEWLEY, died 1808 with bas Porch. Church Of relief trees and urn. Also wife All Saints MARTHA added 1829, son 1836 and daughter, 1837.
40 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
House in row. C16 - C17. Colour- Post- washed pebbledash with tiled LB7 1023147 8, The Street House II 409574 185811 medieval roof. 2-storey and attic, 3 bays. Part glazed door to right bay.
Oval Monument Oval chest tomb. C18. In Churchyard, 3 Limestone. Moulded table with Metres South Post- raised centre and moulded base LB8 1198037 Chest tomb II 409326 185996 West Of Aisle, medieval on paving. Four raised panels, Church Of All one bearing inscription to Saints WILLIAM DO.... (illegible).
Dovecote. C18. Brick, with red brick quoins. Stone slate roof. 3 storeys with gable with timber Dovecote At Post- LB9 1284014 Dovecote window on each face. Blocked II 409264 186160 Manor Farm medieval door. Face continues as wall to paddock. Interior has many nest holes.
Millington Chest tomb. C18. Limestone. Monument, In Moulded table and chamfered Churchyard 5 Post- base set on stone paving. Plain LB10 1284048 Metres South Of Chest tomb II 409336 185994 medieval sides with inscription to South Porch. FRANCES MILLINGTON, died Church Of All 1776. Saints
41 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
The war memorial takes the form of a rough-hewn granite wheel-head cross. A reversed Lydiard Millicent War sword is carved in low relief on LB11 1438949 Modern II 409360.82 185996 War Memorial Memorial the front face of the cross. The cross shaft rises from a tapering pedestal, that stands on a stone step.
House. Probably C17 altered later. Colour-washed limestone Post- LB12 1356044 Priory Cottage House rubble with thatched roof. 1- II 408981 185852 medieval storey and attic. 4 bays with 1 bay forward extension to left.
Farmhouse. C16. Limestone rubble with stone slate roof. 3 Parkside Post- storeys. Originally 'E' plan but LB13 1023142 Farmhouse II 409591 185392 Farmhouse medieval structure to right of central porch replaced in C18 by 1- storey and attic service rooms.
42 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Anglican parish church C14, C15 and C19. Rubble limestone originally rendered. Stone slate roofs. Nave, independently roofed south aisle with porch, chancel, west tower and north Church Of All chancel vestry. Nave of C14 has LB14 1356045 Church Medieval II* 409338 186002 Saints 2 Perpendicular 3-light north windows. South aisle, of C14, has 2- and 3-light reticulated windows and 7 masks set in wall, probably from earlier corbel table. Sundial in south- east corner.
Stables, now stables and Stables To dwelling. c.1840. Squared Lydiard House limestone rubble with slate roof. LB15 1023143 And Walls And Stables Victorian 2 storeys, 3 bays centre block II 408827 186032 Gate Piers with forward 1 bay wings Enclosing Yard extended by walls to form courtyard against road.
43 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Pair of chest tombs placed end Millington And to end. C18. Limestone. Mundee Chamfered table and base. Plain Monuments In Post- sides. The eastern larger, to LB16 1356046 Churchyard, 8 Chest tomb II 409354 186018 medieval EDWARD MILLINGTON, died Metres South Of 1763, the western to RICHARD Chancel, Church MUNDEE, died 1707, and wife Of All Saints MARY, died 1721.
Registered Parks and Gardens (1km study area) Mid C18 park and garden laid out by the second Viscount St Post- RPG1 1001238 Lydiard Park Park John, incorporating features and II 409686 184926 medieval archaeological remains of a C17 formal park and garden. Conservation Areas (1km study area)
Post- medieval & CA1 n/a Lydiard Green CA n/a 408374 186007 19th Historic core century
Post- medieval & CA2 n/a Lydiard Millicent CA Historic core n/a 409180 185963 19th century Post- medieval & CA3 n/a Purton CA Historic core n/a 409870 186808 19th century
44 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Wiltshire HER data (1km study area) Pillbox Pillbox in Lydiard A Type 28a pillbox is located in 1 MWI31533 (Type C20 n/a 408400 185900 Green Lydiard Green, Lydiard Millicent Fw3/28A) Pillbox Type 24 shell-proof pillbox is Pillbox in Lydiard 2 MWI31534 (Type C20 located in Lydiard Green, n/a 408430 185980 Green Fw3/24) Lydiard Millicent Pillbox Pillbox at Lydiard A Type 28a pillbox is located at 3 MWI31813 (Type C20 n/a 408970 186600 Green Lydiard Green, Lydiard Millicent Fw3/28A) Pillbox Pillbox at Lydiard A Type 28a pillbox is located at 4 MWI31815 (Type C20 n/a 409180 186580 Green Lydiard Green, Lydiard Millicent Fw3/28A) Pillbox Pillbox at Lydiard A Type 28a pillbox is located at 5 MWI31812 (Type C20 n/a 408680 186370 Green Lydiard Green, Lydiard Millicent Fw3/28A) Avenue Elements of the avenues Avenues in Early C18 6 MWI75169 (Landscape crossing Lydiard Park were n/a 409990 184910 Lydiard Park to Late C19 Feature) found by an excavation West of Brook Romano- Romano-British ditches with 7 SU18NW322 Ditch n/a 410140 185200 House Farm British pottery fragments. West of Brook 8 SU18NW471 Findspot Medieval Medieval pottery fragments n/a 410140 185202 House Farm
9 SU08NE466 The Butts Findspot Medieval Medieval pottery fragments n/a 409160 185980
E of Bagbury Undated features visible in the 10 SU08NE611 Site Undated n/a 408699 186396 Farm crop
45 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
SE of Lydiard 11 SU08NE471 Settlement Medieval Possible Medieval earthworks n/a 409830 185320 Millicent Second World War prisoner of Camp 289 at Prisoner Of 12 MWI32001 C20 war camp located at Lydiard n/a 408990 186210 Lydiard House War Camp House, Swindon Partially extant 19th century 13 MWI67390 Bagbury Farm Farmstead C19 n/a 408469 186423 farmstead. Bagbury Green Partially extant 19th century 14 MWI67391 Farmstead C19 n/a 408551 186502 Farm farmstead Lydiard House Partially extant 19th century 15 MWI67393 Farmstead C19 n/a 408716 186064 Farm farmstead Partially extant 19th century 16 MWI67394 The Grove Farmstead C19 n/a 408866 185988 farmstead Partially extant medieval 17 MWI67483 Parkside Farm Farmstead Medieval n/a 409574 185392 farmstead. 18 MWI67484 The Paddock Farmstead C19 19th century farmstead n/a 409916 185607 Partially extant 19th century 19 MWI67485 Church Farm Farmstead C19 n/a 409363 186122 farmstead Manor Farm, Partially extant 18th century 20 MWI67486 Farmstead Undated n/a 409282 186127 Lydiard Millicent farmstead Outfarm North Demolished 19th century 21 MWI67571 of Lydiard Outfarm C19 n/a 409222 186617 outfarm Millicent Outfarm South Demolished 19th century 22 MWI67572 of Lydiard Outfarm C19 n/a 409066 185597 outfarm Millicent
46 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Outfarm Southeast of 23 MWI67584 Outfarm C19 Extant 19th century outfarm n/a 408698 186381 Bagbury Green farm N of All Saints Field 24 SU08NE607 Undated An undated field system. n/a 409220 186270 Church System Field Undated field system, possibly 25 SU08NE606 Lydiard Green Undated n/a 40840 186000 System part of the medieval landscape. Settlement with Medieval 26 SU08NE451 Lydiard Millicent Settlement Medieval origins. There is a Medieval n/a 409400 186020 cross
Landscape Park, Formal Garden, Post-medieval landscape park Fishpond, with open lawns, woodland and Post- 27 SU18SW527 Lydiard Park Lake, scattered mature trees. A n/a 409680 184740 medieval Kitchen former walled garden was Garden, excavated in 2001 Boat House, Brick Kiln
Wiltshire HER Events data (1km study area) Roman to post-medieval Calne-Fairford Watching features and finds identified EV1 EWI3804 n/a n/a 407000 183890 Pipeline brief during a watching brief along a pipeline
47 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Land North of No anomalies were identified The Street, Geophysical during geophysical survey EV2 EWI8312 n/a n/a 410010 185710 Lydiard Millicent, Survey completed by Headland Wiltshire Archaeology in 2016
Trial trenching undertaken in 1994 by Wessex Archaeology identified prehistoric worked EV3 EWI1012 Lydiard Park Evaluation n/a n/a 410150 184730 flint, Roman material indicative of a high status building and medieval ditches. Esso Midline Watching Watching brief completed in EV4 EWI4438 n/a n/a 410140 185200 Project W95.86-7 brief 1985 along a gas pipeline
48 Ref. AH331/1
Land off Church Place, Lydiard Millicent, Wiltshire: Historic Environment Desk Based Assessment
Appendix 2: Plans and elevations
49 Ref. AH331/1
3URMHFW1R 3XUSRVH 'ZJ1R 5HY1R ' 5HY1RWHV
5HY 'DWH 'UDZQ 1RWHV
1RWHV 7KLVGUDZLQJLVJLYHQLQJRRGIDLWK7KH FRQWUDFWRULVUHFRPPHQGHGWRVXUYH\WKH EXLOGLQJVLWHLQFRIVHUYLFHVWRVDWLVI\KLPVHOI DVWKHH[DFWH[WHQWRIWKHZRUNV1RDGGLWLRQDO FRVWVKRZVRHYHUVKDOOEHLQFXUUHGWKURXJK 3RQG ODFNRINQRZOHGJHRIWKHH[LVWLQJEXLOGLQJV /\ FRQVWUXFWLRQ7KHFRQWUDFWRULVGHHPHGWR QG KDYHPDGHVXIILFLHQWSURYLVLRQLQKLVSULFHLIWKH &KXUFK K H[WHQWRIWKHZRUNVLVJUHDWHUWKDQDQWLFLSDWHG
XUV W $OOLWHPVGHVFULEHGKHUHZLWKLQDUHWREH LQVWDOOHGLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKHPDQXIDFWXUHU V UHFRPPHQGDWLRQV
$OOGLPHQVLRQVVKRXOGEHFKHFNHGVHYHQ &URVV :DU0HPO ZRUNLQJGD\VEHIRUHZRUNFRPPHQFHVDQGDQ\ P GLVFUHSDQF\EURXJKWWRWKHDWWHQWLRQRIWKH FRQWUDFWDGPLQLVWUDWRUEHIRUHVWDUWRIZRUNV RUGHULQJRIPDWHULDOIDEULFDWLRQRIFRPSRQHQWV HWFLQWKHDIIHFWHGDUHD V
7KLVGUDZLQJLVWREHUHDGLQFRQMXQFWLRQZLWK WKHVSHFLILFDWLRQDQGRWKHUVXSSRUWLQJ *3 GRFXPHQWDWLRQ,WLVWKHFRQWUDFWRU V UHVSRQVLELOLW\ZKHUHLQFRQVLVWHQFLHVRFFXUWR EULQJWKHPWRWKHDGPLQLVWUDWRU VDWWHQWLRQDW OHDVWVHYHQZRUNLQJGD\VLQZULWLQJEHIRUH DIIHFWHGZRUNVWDUWV
:KHUHLQIRUPDWLRQDSSURYDORUPDWHULDOWREH VXSSOLHGE\WKHFOLHQWLVUHTXLUHGWKLVLVWREH VXEPLWWHGWRWKHFRQWUDFWRULQZULWLQJ ZRUNLQJGD\VEHIRUHWKHDVDLGLVUHTXLUHG :KHUHPDWHULDOVKDYHWREHRUGHUHGE\WKH FOLHQWLHFDQQRWEHVXSSOLHGZLWKLQWHQGD\ OHDGLQWLPHWKLVZLOOQRWFRQVWLWXWHJURXQGIRU +DOO DQH[WHQVLRQRIWLPH
:KHUHFRQWUDFWVKDYHQRWEHHQFRQFOXGHG DFFHSWLQJWKLVGUDZLQJLVGHHPHGDVDFFHSWLQJ 2&$UFKLWHFWV72&:KHUH2&$UFKLWHFWV GRFXPHQWVDUHXVHGE\DWKLUGSHUVRQZKRLV QRWSULY\WRWKHFRQWUDFWEHWZHHQRXUFOLHQW DQGXVZHDFFHSWQROLDELOLW\KRZVRHYHUIRU 3ORW FRVWDULVLQJRXWRIWKHLUXVH 3ORW 3ORW 3ORW 3ORW
3DWK 2&$UFKLWHFWV 0'3 :LOOLDP6WUHHW 6ZLQGRQ 61/( 3ORW 7HO 3ORW &HPHWHU\ (0DLO FDUO#RFDUFKLWHFWVFRXN
3URMHFW7LWOH /DQGDW&KXUFK5RDG /\GLDUG0LOOLFHQW
3ORW $''5(66 /\GLDUG0LOOLFHQW 6ZLQGRQ :LOWVKLUH
&OLHQW 6WHYH.HUVKDZ
'UDZLQJ7LWOH 3ORW 2SWLRQ%'UDIWOD\RXWRI 3ORWVWR 7KLVGUDZLQJLVRQO\WREHXVHGIRULWSXUSRVHJURXS /\GLDUG)DUP )RUFRPPHQWRQO\ 7 7HQGHUGRFXPHQWV % 'HVLJQSURSRVDOV &RQ &RQWUDFWGRFXPHQWV ' 3ODQQLQJSXUSRVHV $6 $VEXLOW ( %XLOGLQJ&RQWURO ) &RQVWUXFWLRQGUDZLQJ
$SUHIL[EHIRUHWKHGUDZLQJQXPEHUGHQRWHLWVXVH,IWKLV GRFXPHQWLVXVHGRWKHUWKDQLWVDIRUHPHQWLRQHGLQWHQW2& $UFKLWHFWGRQRWZDUUDQWLWILWQHVVIRUSXUSRVHQRUGRZH ZDUUDQWKRZVRHYHUWKLVZRUNIRUWKLUGSDUWLHV
'UDZQ 'DWH 6FDOH $XWKRU 3URSVHG2SWLRQ$ 3URMHFW1R 3XUSRVH 'ZJ1R 5HY1R
&RS\ULJKWRI2&$UFKLWHFWV = ?/DQGDW&KXUFK5RDG/\GLDUG0LOOLFHQW?2&'ZJ?6LWH?6LWH3ODQ%ODQNUYW ' 3URMHFW1R 3XUSRVH 'ZJ1R 5HY1R ' 5HY1RWHV
5HY 'DWH 'UDZQ 1RWHV
1RWHV 7KLVGUDZLQJLVJLYHQLQJRRGIDLWK7KH FRQWUDFWRULVUHFRPPHQGHGWRVXUYH\WKH EXLOGLQJVLWHLQFRIVHUYLFHVWRVDWLVI\KLPVHOI DVWKHH[DFWH[WHQWRIWKHZRUNV1RDGGLWLRQDO FRVWVKRZVRHYHUVKDOOEHLQFXUUHGWKURXJK ODFNRINQRZOHGJHRIWKHH[LVWLQJEXLOGLQJV FRQVWUXFWLRQ7KHFRQWUDFWRULVGHHPHGWR KDYHPDGHVXIILFLHQWSURYLVLRQLQKLVSULFHLIWKH H[WHQWRIWKHZRUNVLVJUHDWHUWKDQDQWLFLSDWHG
$OOLWHPVGHVFULEHGKHUHZLWKLQDUHWREH LQVWDOOHGLQDFFRUGDQFHZLWKWKHPDQXIDFWXUHU V UHFRPPHQGDWLRQV
$OOGLPHQVLRQVVKRXOGEHFKHFNHGVHYHQ ZRUNLQJGD\VEHIRUHZRUNFRPPHQFHVDQGDQ\ GLVFUHSDQF\EURXJKWWRWKHDWWHQWLRQRIWKH FRQWUDFWDGPLQLVWUDWRUEHIRUHVWDUWRIZRUNV RUGHULQJRIPDWHULDOIDEULFDWLRQRIFRPSRQHQWV HWFLQWKHDIIHFWHGDUHD V
7KLVGUDZLQJLVWREHUHDGLQFRQMXQFWLRQZLWK 6HFWLRQ WKHVSHFLILFDWLRQDQGRWKHUVXSSRUWLQJ GRFXPHQWDWLRQ,WLVWKHFRQWUDFWRU V UHVSRQVLELOLW\ZKHUHLQFRQVLVWHQFLHVRFFXUWR EULQJWKHPWRWKHDGPLQLVWUDWRU VDWWHQWLRQDW OHDVWVHYHQZRUNLQJGD\VLQZULWLQJEHIRUH DIIHFWHGZRUNVWDUWV
:KHUHLQIRUPDWLRQDSSURYDORUPDWHULDOWREH VXSSOLHGE\WKHFOLHQWLVUHTXLUHGWKLVLVWREH VXEPLWWHGWRWKHFRQWUDFWRULQZULWLQJ ZRUNLQJGD\VEHIRUHWKHDVDLGLVUHTXLUHG :KHUHPDWHULDOVKDYHWREHRUGHUHGE\WKH FOLHQWLHFDQQRWEHVXSSOLHGZLWKLQWHQGD\ OHDGLQWLPHWKLVZLOOQRWFRQVWLWXWHJURXQGIRU DQH[WHQVLRQRIWLPH
:KHUHFRQWUDFWVKDYHQRWEHHQFRQFOXGHG DFFHSWLQJWKLVGUDZLQJLVGHHPHGDVDFFHSWLQJ 2&$UFKLWHFWV72&:KHUH2&$UFKLWHFWV GRFXPHQWVDUHXVHGE\DWKLUGSHUVRQZKRLV QRWSULY\WRWKHFRQWUDFWEHWZHHQRXUFOLHQW DQGXVZHDFFHSWQROLDELOLW\KRZVRHYHUIRU FRVWDULVLQJRXWRIWKHLUXVH
2&$UFKLWHFWV 0'3 :LOOLDP6WUHHW 6ZLQGRQ 61/( 7HO (0DLO FDUO#RFDUFKLWHFWVFRXN 6HFWLRQ 3URMHFW7LWOH /DQGDW&KXUFK5RDG /\GLDUG0LOOLFHQW
$''5(66 /\GLDUG0LOOLFHQW 6ZLQGRQ :LOWVKLUH
&OLHQW 6WHYH.HUVKDZ
'UDZLQJ7LWOH 2SWLRQ%'UDIW6WUHHW 6FHQH 7KLVGUDZLQJLVRQO\WREHXVHGIRULWSXUSRVHJURXS
)RUFRPPHQWRQO\ 7 7HQGHUGRFXPHQWV % 'HVLJQSURSRVDOV &RQ &RQWUDFWGRFXPHQWV ' 3ODQQLQJSXUSRVHV $6 $VEXLOW ( %XLOGLQJ&RQWURO ) &RQVWUXFWLRQGUDZLQJ
$SUHIL[EHIRUHWKHGUDZLQJQXPEHUGHQRWHLWVXVH,IWKLV GRFXPHQWLVXVHGRWKHUWKDQLWVDIRUHPHQWLRQHGLQWHQW2& $UFKLWHFWGRQRWZDUUDQWLWILWQHVVIRUSXUSRVHQRUGRZH ZDUUDQWKRZVRHYHUWKLVZRUNIRUWKLUGSDUWLHV
'UDZQ 'DWH 6FDOH $XWKRU
6HFWLRQ 3URMHFW1R 3XUSRVH 'ZJ1R 5HY1R &RS\ULJKWRI2&$UFKLWHFWV = ?/DQGDW&KXUFK5RDG/\GLDUG0LOOLFHQW?2&'ZJ?6LWH?6LWH3ODQ%ODQNUYW '