Relaciones Comerciales Entre Bolivia Y Paraguay
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Country of Women? Repercussions of the Triple Alliance War in Paraguay∗
Country of Women? Repercussions of the Triple Alliance War in Paraguay∗ Jennifer Alix-Garcia Laura Schechter Felipe Valencia Caicedo Oregon State University UW Madison University of British Columbia S. Jessica Zhu Precision Agriculture for Development April 5, 2021 Abstract Skewed sex ratios often result from episodes of conflict, disease, and migration. Their persistent impacts over a century later, and especially in less-developed regions, remain less understood. The War of the Triple Alliance (1864{1870) in South America killed up to 70% of the Paraguayan male population. According to Paraguayan national lore, the skewed sex ratios resulting from the conflict are the cause of present-day low marriage rates and high rates of out-of-wedlock births. We collate historical and modern data to test this conventional wisdom in the short, medium, and long run. We examine both cross-border and within-country variation in child-rearing, education, labor force participation, and gender norms in Paraguay over a 150 year period. We find that more skewed post-war sex ratios are associated with higher out-of-wedlock births, more female-headed households, better female educational outcomes, higher female labor force participation, and more gender-equal gender norms. The impacts of the war persist into the present, and are seemingly unaffected by variation in economic openness or ties to indigenous culture. Keywords: Conflict, Gender, Illegitimacy, Female Labor Force Participation, Education, History, Persistence, Paraguay, Latin America JEL Classification: D74, I25, J16, J21, N16 ∗First draft May 20, 2020. We gratefully acknowledge UW Madison's Graduate School Research Committee for financial support. We thank Daniel Keniston for early conversations about this project. -
Paraguay: in Brief
Paraguay: In Brief June S. Beittel Analyst in Latin American Affairs August 31, 2017 Congressional Research Service 7-5700 www.crs.gov R44936 Paraguay: In Brief Summary Paraguay is a South American country wedged between Bolivia, Argentina, and Brazil. It is about the size of California but has a population of less than 7 million. The country is known for its rather homogenous culture—a mix of Latin and Guarani influences, with 90% of the population speaking Guarani, a pre-Columbian language, in addition to Spanish. The Paraguayan economy is one of the most agriculturally dependent in the hemisphere and is largely shaped by the country’s production of cattle, soybeans, and other crops. In 2016, Paraguay grew by 4.1%; it is projected to sustain about 4.3% growth in 2017. Since his election in 2013, President Horacio Cartes of the long-dominant Colorado Party (also known as the Asociación Nacional Republicana [ANC]), has moved the country toward a more open economy, deepening private investment and increasing public-private partnerships to promote growth. Despite steady growth, Paraguay has a high degree of inequality and, although poverty levels have declined, rural poverty is severe and widespread. Following Paraguay’s 35-year military dictatorship in the 20th century (1954-1989), many citizens remain cautious about the nation’s democracy and fearful of a return of patronage and corruption. In March 2016, a legislative initiative to allow a referendum to reelect President Cartes (reelection is forbidden by the 1992 constitution) sparked large protests. Paraguayans rioted, and the parliament building in the capital city of Asunción was partially burned. -
The Grandchildren of Solano López: Frontier and Nation in Paraguay, 1904-1936 by Bridget María Chesterton David M
International Social Science Review Volume 90 | Issue 1 Article 6 2015 The Grandchildren of Solano López: Frontier and Nation in Paraguay, 1904-1936 by Bridget María Chesterton David M. Carletta Marist Follow this and additional works at: http://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/issr Part of the Anthropology Commons, Communication Commons, Economics Commons, Geography Commons, International and Area Studies Commons, Political Science Commons, and the Public Affairs, Public Policy and Public Administration Commons Recommended Citation Carletta, David M. (2015) "The Grandchildren of Solano López: Frontier and Nation in Paraguay, 1904-1936 by Bridget María Chesterton," International Social Science Review: Vol. 90: Iss. 1, Article 6. Available at: http://digitalcommons.northgeorgia.edu/issr/vol90/iss1/6 This Book Review is brought to you for free and open access by Nighthawks Open Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in International Social Science Review by an authorized administrator of Nighthawks Open Institutional Repository. Carletta: The Grandchildren of Solano López Chesterton, Bridget María. The Grandchildren of Solano López: Frontier and Nation in Paraguay, 1904-1936. Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, 2013. xii + 179 pages. Cloth. $50.00. After winning independence from Spain in the early nineteenth century, Paraguayans and Bolivians failed to agree over the boundary that separated them in the sparsely inhabited Chaco Boreal, a harsh wilderness of about 100,000 square miles between the Pilcomayo River and the Paraguay River. By the early twentieth century, interest in the Chaco Boreal increased. Defeated by Chile in the War of Pacific (1879-1883), Bolivia had lost control of disputed territory on the Pacific coast and hence access to the sea. -
Adequacy of Soil Studies in Paraguay, Bolivia and Perú
Wo 7 es ources Reports Noversr-December, O FOOD AND AGRICULTURE ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS :74 r Also issued in this series: Report of the First Meeting of the Advisory Panel on the Soil Map of the World, Rome, 19-23 June 1961. Report of the First Meeting on Soil. Survey, Correlation and Interpretation for Latin America, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, 28-31 May 1962. Report of the First Soil Correlation Seminar for Europe, Moscow, U.S.S.R., 16-28 July 1962. Report of the First Soil Correlation Seminar for South and Central Asia, Tashkent, Uzbekistan,U.S.S.R., 14 September-2_ October 1962. Report of the Fourth Session of the Working Party on Soil Classification and Survey (Subcommission on Land and Water Use of the European Com- mission on Agriculture), Lisbon, Portugal, 6-10 March 1963. Report of the Second Meeting of the Advisory Panel on the Soil Map of the World, Rome, 9-11 July 1963. Report of the Second Soil Correlation SeminarforEurope,Bucharest, Romania, 29 July-6 August 1963. Report of the Third Meeting of the Advisory Panel on the Soil Map of the World, Paris, 3 January 1964. 0 MACYOFOIl STUDILS IN PADrGUAY BOLIVIA AND PERU. Ileport of FAO Mission, NovemberDeoember 1963 D D AGRICULTURAL ORGANIZATION OF THE UNITED NATIONS ROME 1964 11721 " 80'1 '6" TIIYri H P1 1' A (1 BOldVIA. AND MIRD IYINTIWrlf; Fagc! FCYJi .1)mo0o0.604/A0eoe000m0ou.06006o0.00.00900000000,..0e00000Q eee.m0000mOoeuw,.,voseesoo000040oGem00.4,60000m000000 2. -4! PARAGUAY SUMT Y OF FITT:DINGS AND MCOMMENDATIONS " " o 4- SOURCES OF INFORMATION0000000e00000.10e000000000000000000 7 PRYSIC ("TMI OTERISTICS OF PARAGUAY Location00au0o.0000'00000000,0000.00000000000 7 TOP( aphy and-Landforma00 0400 4000 04044.40 4040 0 * 00 7 Gnology 8 Ca:mate,0e40.0000e0040 om ow« marOneoeceeogo.oee001,0q90.0.9 8 VC) gat ation 000000. -
The Battlefields of Disagreement and Reconciliation
Dissidences Hispanic Journal of Theory and Criticism Volume 4 Issue 8 Reconciliation and its Discontents Article 4 November 2012 The Battlefields of Disagreement and Reconciliation. 21st Century Documentary Images on The War Against Paraguay (1864-1870) Sebastían Díaz-Duhalde Dartmouth College Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/dissidences Recommended Citation Díaz-Duhalde, Sebastían (2012) "The Battlefields of Disagreement and Reconciliation. 21st Century Documentary Images on The War Against Paraguay (1864-1870)," Dissidences: Vol. 4 : Iss. 8 , Article 4. Available at: https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/dissidences/vol4/iss8/4 This Article / Artículo is brought to you for free and open access by the Journals at Bowdoin Digital Commons. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissidences by an authorized editor of Bowdoin Digital Commons. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Battlefields of Disagreement and Reconciliation. 21st Century Documentary Images on The War Against Paraguay (1864-1870) Keywords / Palabras clave Reconciliation, Memory, Argentina, Paraguay, Latin America, Politican Violence This article / artículo is available in Dissidences: https://digitalcommons.bowdoin.edu/dissidences/vol4/iss8/4 DISSIDEnCES Hispanic Journal of Theory and Criticism The Battlefields of Disagreement and Reconciliation: 21st Century Documentary Images on The War Against Paraguay (1864-1870). Sebastián Díaz-Duhalde / Dartmouth College Consensus is not peace. It is a map of war operations, a topography of the visible, the thinkable, and the possible in which war and peace are lodged. Jacques Rancière. Chronicles of Consensual Times. On November 29, 2007, during the ceremony for the rebuilding of Yacyretá, the hydroelectric power station project between Argentina and Paraguay, the Argentine president Cristina Fernández de Kirchner publicly commented on the war that the Triple Alliance of Argentina, Uruguay, and the Dissidences. -
La Ciudad De Villamontes: Emergencia Urbana En El Oriente E Interacciones Migratorias Ceydric Martin
La ciudad de Villamontes: emergencia urbana en el Oriente e interacciones migratorias Ceydric Martin To cite this version: Ceydric Martin. La ciudad de Villamontes: emergencia urbana en el Oriente e interacciones migrato- rias. Domenach Hervé ; Celton Dora ; Arze Hugo ; Hamelin Philippe. Movilidad y procesos migratorios en el espacio de frontera argentino-boliviana, Prensa Universitaria de Córdoba, pp. 95-132, 2007. hal- 00538147 HAL Id: hal-00538147 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-00538147 Submitted on 2 Dec 2010 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. MOVILIDAD Y PROCESOS MIGRATORIOS EN EL ESPACIO DE FRONTERA ARGENTINO - BOLIVIANA Hervé Domenach Dora Celton Hugo Arze Philippe Hamelin (Editores) Editorial CEA - UNC Unidad Ejecutora del CONICET COPIAR Se terminó de imprimir en el mes de octubre de 2007 en Editorial Copiar Ituzaingó 494 X5000IJJ Córdoba, Argentina Tels.: 351-4258198 /4251623 / 4253155 [email protected] I.S.B.N.: 978-987-602-075-6 Índice Prólogo . 9 Capítulo 1 El espacio de frontera: análisis de los procesos migratorios. Hervé Domenach . .13 Capítulo 2 Argentina – Bolivia: historia de un espacio fronterizo. Dora Celton y Adrián Carbonetti . .25 Capítulo 3 La ciudad de Tarija: análisis de los factores de estabilidad del crecimiento demográfico. -
Villamontes: Un Enclave Productivo De Gas En Los 90 6 N Los Últimos Años, Las Profundas Mientras El Resto De La Gente Utiliza Letri- Transformaciones De La Econo- Nas
Villamontes: un enclave productivo de gas en los 90 6 n los últimos años, las profundas mientras el resto de la gente utiliza letri- transformaciones de la econo- nas. En una zona exportadora de energía, mía boliviana han afectado de la provisión de la misma también queda E forma especial a Villamontes. afectada regularmente por cortes del su- Como consecuencia de la capita- ministro y frecuentes fluctuaciones en el lización de YPFB, de la promulgación de voltaje. una nueva ley de hidrocarburos en 1994 y Para cambiar ese panorama, el corregimien- de la firma del contrato de venta de gas na- to recibirá en 2005, casi 10 millones de dó- tural al Brasil, una masiva inversión ex- lares por concepto de regalías petroleras, tranjera directa dinamizó la explotación pero las características de la generación del gas permitiendo la emergencia de un del excedente petrolero y la debilidad de nuevo enclave productor de hidrocarburos las instituciones locales pueden provocar y desplazando el eje productivo de Santa que, más allá de las profundas transforma- Cruz a Tarija, más exactamente hacia el ciones en ciernes, gas y desarrollo no al- municipio de Villamontes. cancen a ser sinónimos, al menos para la Diariamente visitada por un clima seco y cá- población de Villamontes. lido, que alcanza fácilmente los 40 grados El presente capítulo se divide en dos partes. bajo sombra en verano, Villamontes, loca- La primera describe los profundos cam- lidad ubicada en el aletargado chaco tarije- bios que convirtieron a Villamontes en la ño, fue construyendo en las últimas déca- nueva capital gasífera de Bolivia, y analiza das una estructura productiva basada en las tensiones o conflictos generados por la una pequeña economía ganadera, una es- nueva situación. -
Terrorist and Organized Crime Groups in the Tri-Border Area (Tba) of South America
TERRORIST AND ORGANIZED CRIME GROUPS IN THE TRI-BORDER AREA (TBA) OF SOUTH AMERICA A Report Prepared by the Federal Research Division, Library of Congress under an Interagency Agreement with the Crime and Narcotics Center Director of Central Intelligence July 2003 (Revised December 2010) Author: Rex Hudson Project Manager: Glenn Curtis Federal Research Division Library of Congress Washington, D.C. 205404840 Tel: 2027073900 Fax: 2027073920 E-Mail: [email protected] Homepage: http://loc.gov/rr/frd/ p 55 Years of Service to the Federal Government p 1948 – 2003 Library of Congress – Federal Research Division Tri-Border Area (TBA) PREFACE This report assesses the activities of organized crime groups, terrorist groups, and narcotics traffickers in general in the Tri-Border Area (TBA) of Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay, focusing mainly on the period since 1999. Some of the related topics discussed, such as governmental and police corruption and anti–money-laundering laws, may also apply in part to the three TBA countries in general in addition to the TBA. This is unavoidable because the TBA cannot be discussed entirely as an isolated entity. Based entirely on open sources, this assessment has made extensive use of books, journal articles, and other reports available in the Library of Congress collections. It is based in part on the author’s earlier research paper entitled “Narcotics-Funded Terrorist/Extremist Groups in Latin America” (May 2002). It has also made extensive use of sources available on the Internet, including Argentine, Brazilian, and Paraguayan newspaper articles. One of the most relevant Spanish-language sources used for this assessment was Mariano César Bartolomé’s paper entitled Amenazas a la seguridad de los estados: La triple frontera como ‘área gris’ en el cono sur americano [Threats to the Security of States: The Triborder as a ‘Grey Area’ in the Southern Cone of South America] (2001). -
Conscript Nation: Negotiating Authority and Belonging in the Bolivian Barracks, 1900-1950 by Elizabeth Shesko Department of Hist
Conscript Nation: Negotiating Authority and Belonging in the Bolivian Barracks, 1900-1950 by Elizabeth Shesko Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ John D. French, Supervisor ___________________________ Jocelyn H. Olcott ___________________________ Peter Sigal ___________________________ Orin Starn ___________________________ Dirk Bönker Dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2012 ABSTRACT Conscript Nation: Negotiating Authority and Belonging in the Bolivian Barracks, 1900-1950 by Elizabeth Shesko Department of History Duke University Date:_______________________ Approved: ___________________________ John D. French, Supervisor ___________________________ Jocelyn H. Olcott ___________________________ Peter Sigal ___________________________ Orin Starn ___________________________ Dirk Bönker An abstract of a dissertation submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in the Department of History in the Graduate School of Duke University 2012 Copyright by Elizabeth Shesko 2012 Abstract This dissertation examines the trajectory of military conscription in Bolivia from Liberals’ imposition of this obligation after coming to power in 1899 to the eve of revolution in 1952. Conscription is an ideal fulcrum for understanding the changing balance between state and society because it was central to their relationship during this period. The lens of military service thus alters our understandings of methods of rule, practices of authority, and ideas about citizenship in and belonging to the Bolivian nation. In eliminating the possibility of purchasing replacements and exemptions for tribute-paying Indians, Liberals brought into the barracks both literate men who were formal citizens and the non-citizens who made up the vast majority of the population. -
Colombia Ante La Guerra Del Paraguay Contra La Triple Alianza
Memoria Conferencia: Colombia ante la guerra del Paraguay contra la Triple Alianza Conferencista S.E. Embajador Ricardo Scavone Yegros Embajador del Paraguay en Colombia El señor Embajador inició su intervención con una breve presentación de la ubicación geográfica del Paraguay, su posición estratégica en la Cuenca del Plato y la importancia que representa para este país la energía hidroeléctrica y la navegación fluvial. Se presentaron tres etapas claves en las relaciones internacionales del Paraguay: primero, un periodo en el que la diplomacia paraguaya estuvo enfocada en el reconocimiento de su independencia. Si bien Paraguay se proclamó como república en 1813, su reconocimiento solo se dio hasta el año 1853 por parte de otros estados. Una segunda etapa estuvo determinada por la definición de sus límites territoriales, los cuales terminaron siendo definidos en conflictos internacionales como la guerra contra la Triple Alianza y la guerra del Chaco. La certeza en los límites territoriales del Paraguay solo se alcanza en el año 1938. Finalmente, hay una tercera etapa en la cual Paraguay hace esfuerzos por el reconocimiento de recursos naturales del mar compartidos, dada su condición de país sin litoral, haciendo esfuerzos en diferentes foros multilaterales. El Embajador Scavone pasó a explicar cómo la historia de Paraguay y Colombia es una historia de coincidencias, y cómo el episodio de la guerra contra la Triple Alianza significó un momento importante de acercamiento entre ambos países debido a las expresiones de solidaridad de Colombia con el Paraguay, como los argumentos señalando que este conflicto era contrario a los principios de derecho internacional como la no intervención, la autodeterminación de los pueblos y el respeto a las normas internacionales. -
Oportunidades Comerciales
ASOCIACIÓN LATINOAMERICANA DE 4 ALADI: PUERTA DE ENTRADA DE LOS PRODUCTOS INTEGRACIÓN PARAGUAYOS AL MERCADO CHILENO La Asociación Latinoamericana de Integración es un En el marco de la ALADI, la relación comercial entre organismo intergubernamental compuesto por doce países: Paraguay y Chile está regida, fundamentalmente por el Argentina, Bolivia, Brasil, Chile, Colombia, Cuba, Ecuador, Acuerdo de Complementación Económica Nº 35. Este México,Paraguay,Perú,UruguayyVenezuela. acuerdo permite que los productos paraguayos puedan ingresar al mercado chileno en condiciones SISTEMADE APOYOALOS PMDER preferenciales. Mediante este sistema se financian proyectos de INTERCAMBIOCOMERCIALENTREPARAGUAY Y cooperación de los países de menor desarrollo económico CHILE relativo, Bolivia, Ecuador y Paraguay, bajo la modalidad de estudios,asistenciatécnica,ycapacitación. El comercio entre Paraguay y Chile ha mostrado un crecimiento muy importante de las exportaciones SERVICIOSDE APOYOAL EMPRESARIO paraguayas ha partir del año 2004. En el año 2008 las exportaciones paraguayas hacia Chile fueron de US$ 369 La Secretaría General de la ALADI brinda distintos servicios. millones mientras que, las importaciones paraguayas Ingresandoalsitioweb institucionalpodráinformarsesobre: provenientes desde Chile alcanzaron los US$ 106 millones, con lo cual el superávit comercial ascendió a US$ 263 Acceder a la normativa vigente en materia de comercio millones. exterior, preferencias otorgadas y recibidas, zonas francas, Paraguay guíasde importaciónyexportación. En 2008, -
Dispute Between Bolivia and Paraguay
LEAGUE OF NATIONS DISPUTE BETWEEN BOLIVIA AND PARAGUAY REPORT OF THE CHACO COMMISSION Geneva, 1934 Publications of the League of Nations DISPUTE BETWEEN BOLIVIA AND PARAGUAY Documentation concerning the Dispute betw een Bolivia and Paraguay. (Ser. L.o.N. P. 1928.VII.1) gd. $0.20 Comprises a complete dossier of the measures taken by the Council during its Lugano Session, and on the close of the session by the President on behalf of the Council, to end the dispute and to get a peaceful mode of settlement accepted, in conformity with the Covenant. The Council's action ceased as soon as Bolivia declared that, " in accordance with the Council’s suggestions ”, she accepted, like Paraguay, the good offices of the Pan-American Arbitration Council. The two Governments had previously accepted the Council’s suggestions in regard to restricting their military measures to purely defensive ones. Documents concerning the Dispute between Bolivia and Paraguay. (Ser. L.o.N. P. 1929.VII.1).................................................................................. 6d. $0.10 Correspondence relating to the Dispute betw een Bolivia and Paraguay. (Ser. L.o.N. P. 1930.VII.1) 6d. $0.15 Issues of the OFFICIAL JOURNAL dealing with the Dispute between Bolivia and Paraguay. Price: Official Journal, 13th Year, No. 1, January 1932.........................................10/- $2.50 — — No. 9, September 1932....................................... 1/6 $0.40 — — No. 11, November 1 9 3 2 ...................................... 6/- $1.50 — — No. 12, December 1932 (Part II)........................12/- $3.00 — 14th Year, No. 2, February 1 9 3 3 ...................................... 8/- $2.00 — — No. 4, April 1933 (Part I I ) .............................. 2/- $0.50 — — No.