AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES Published by Number 1114 THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY May 19, 1941 New York City

THE GENUS ARUGISA IN THE UNITED STATES, WITH THE DE- SCRIPTION OF A NEW SPECIES (LEPIDOPTERA: PHALAENIDAE) BY A. GLENN RICHARDS, JR.1

The genus Arugisa Walker is repre- metathoracic tufts and the genitalia. sented in the United States by only two The tropical species also differ in the species, one described herein as new. elaborate tufting and fringing of the palpi However, several differences exist between of both sexes and the extensive tufting these two species. Because of these differ- of the legs of the males. See Schaus (loc. ences the name Diallagma Smith, placed in cit.) for list of characters of Poena. synonymy by Hampson, is reinstated as MALE GENITALIA (based on porrectalis, of subgeneric rank. antinoe, watsoni, and latiorella).-Uncus Arugisa WALKER, 1865, Cat. Br. Mus., long with tuft of setae from dorso-lateral XXXIII, p. 1023 (type: aliena Walker, sole margin near tip. Juxta (annellus) large, species).-HAMPSON, 1926, Descr. N. Gen. and Sp. Lepid. Phal. Noct., p. 241. McDUNNOUGH, sclerotized bars on lower side articulat- 1938, Checklist, p. 126. ing with harpes. Harpes of moderate Poena DRUCE, 1891, Biol. Centr.-Amer., length, well sclerotized for entire length Het., I, p. 483 (type: porrectalis Druce).2 except on inner side; ampullae3 long and -SCEAUS, 1916, Proc. U. S. Natl. Mus., L, pp. 363-364. those of the two harpes usually somewhat Diallagma SMITH, 1900, Proc. U. S. Natl. different; inner ventral margin with Mus., XXII, p. 483 (type: lutea Smith, sole curved setose lobe just beyond ampulla; species, synonym of Acrobasi latiorella Walker). transtillae present. Aedeagus large, -DYAR, 1902, List. N. A. Lepid., U. S. Natl. Mus., Bull. 52, p. 207.-BARNES AND McDuN- curved; vesica armed with microtrichiae NOUGH, 1917, Checklist, p. 88. plus sclerotized areas bearing heavier The closest relatives of Arugisa are spines; no macrochaetae. neotropical genera not occurring in the FEMALE GENITALIA (based on same 4 United States, namely, Aglaonice M6schler, species).-Ovipositor short. Apophyses of Carillade Schaus, Cladenia Moschler, etc. segment VIII rather short. Sternite VII Characters and a key for the separation of roundly triangular, projecting over vulva; these are given by Schaus (1916). Super- pleural membrane of this segment infolded ficially the two North American species and enclosing a mass of special scales. (but not the tropical species) look nearest Ductus bursae moderately sclerotized the genus Metalectra Hiibner, but struc- and ridged, near vulva supported by a turally they are closer to Eucalyptra Morri- heavy ventral sclerite. Bursa copulatrix son. From both of these genera the two sclerotized in region of entrance of ductus North American species of Arugisa may 3 In previous papers of the Melipotis-Drasteria series I have referred to such dorso-basal prongs as be separated by veins 3 and 4 (M3 and Cul) clavi but questioned same. The clavus is sup- posed to be a part of the sacculus, whereas these of the hind wing being long stalked; Iobes have no connection to the sacculus but an inti- other characters are shown by the palpi mate connection to the transtillae, the clasper (when present, compare Drasteria sp.) and the line of (Figs. 2 and 5), the small prothoracic and sclerotization between these two. Pierce might prefer to call this a basal clasper since it has such a 1 Zoological Laboratory, University of Pennsyl- swollen base, but I use ampulla because it may occur vania. (e.g., Drasteria) with a conventional clasper. Per- 2 Genotype designated as Hypena porrectalis haps a new term would be preferable but at least Guenee which is not the same as P. porrectalis Druce. "ampulla' seems to be of the correct association. Hampson and Schaus, following usual English cus- In the Plusiinae a slim basal lobe is present but in tom, cite porrectalis Druce as genotype; another this subfamily it is associated with the sacculus or school of nomenclaturists would insist on the Guen5e arising from membrane near the sacculus; in this species as genotype. In this case the argument is case it is probably correctly called clavus (as Pierce only academic, as the name Poena is a synonym. does call it. See Genit. Br. Noctuidae). 2 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES [No. 1114 bursae; with row of heavy spines which basal dash at costa to cell; t. a. line blackish, cross the ventral side and then around the slightly oblique, angled outward on radial and cubital stems; a small black spot in cell just left side and diagonally across the dorsal beyond t. a. line (in holotype connected to side, becoming smaller on dorsal side; antemedial line by black suffusion and with it bursa anterior to this row of spines mem- forming a dark bar across cell, in other speci- branous and uniformly covered with micro- mens separate); no median line or shade; reni- form indicated by a small dark point, obsolescent trichiae. Ductus seminalis arising from in some specimens; t. p. line dark, siilgle, out- bursa near the ductus bursae. wardly oblique or excurved to vein 7 (R5), The differences between the two sub- faintly waved and erect to vein 4 (M3), incurved genera may be summarized as follows: to submedian fold, excurved across anal vein and then incurved to inner margin; three light spots Palpi porrect or only slightly obliquely as- on costa between (but not counting) t. p. and cending; first segment of palpus heavily subterminal lines; subterminal line a lighter fringed or tufted with hair below (hiding brown defined by preceding darkei suffusion tongue); legs of male tufted and fringed. and the slightly darker terminal area (subter- ...... Subgenus Arulgisa. minal line partly obsolescent in some specimens Palpi obliquely ascending; first segment including holotype), slightly angled out oIn vein only lightly fringed with hair below (not 7, incurved in discal fold, excurved to vein 4, hiding tongue); legs of male normal and incurved in submedian fold and excurved across closely scaled ...... Subgenus Diallagma. anal vein with slight incurving to inner mar- The subgenus Diallagma includes the gin; terminal series of black points between the single species latiorella Walker. The sub- veins; cilia ochreous suffused with brown, lighter at base and tips. Hind wing uniform brown genus Arugisa will include porrectalis and with faint terminal line. Underside of foie wing watsoni which have been studied genitalicly ochreous suffused with brown, costa lighter; and also pilosa Warren, aliena Walker and faint postmedial and subterminal lines; ter- several other species examined externally minal area lighter; faint terminal line forming spots between the veins; cilia as above. Under- at the U. S. National Museum. Another side of hind wing lighter than above; dark dis- species studied (including male and female cal spot; curved postmedial line; faint dark genitalia), namely, antinoe Druce, has subterminal line, and dark terminal linle formning somewhat different palpal and genital spots between the veins. structures, and may need a separate sub- EXPANSE.-21-23 mm. genus. MALE GENITALIA (2 slides includinig holo- type).-As figured (Fig. 3) but the lobe on the right harpe is curved under in its natural posi- Arugisa (Arugisa) watsoni, new species tion, if straightened out this lobe would appear Figures 1-4 as the one shown on the left harpe. The points Head and palpi as figured. In male fore of the tip of the ampullae normally face posteri- coxae with long light-colored hairs; fore feinora orly but have been turned sideward in mouint- with heavy tuft of blackish scales, the tuft about ing to show greatest profile. Setae omitted half as long as the tibia; fore tibiae with heavy from harpes except for those on the small lobes fringe of light scales; fore metatarsus with (setae similar to those shown on figure of black tuft on inner side; middle and hind fem- latiorella). Sclerites and microtrichiae in aedea- ora and tibiae heavily fringed with light-colored gus all on vesica except few minute points on the scales. In female legs normal and smoothly ventral side near the tip. scaled except for some long hairs on hind FEMALE GENITALIA (3 slides including allo- femora. type).-As figured (Fig. 4); sclerites of segment Head almost black on vertex, brown around VII shown by dotted outline only. Bursa edges of vertex and on genae and frons except covered with microtrichiae anterioi to the row of for black patch below antennae; maculation spines. of palpi on outer side as in Fig. 2, lighter on inner side; antennae dark, ringed with lighter. HOLOTYPE.-S. Florida, no further Thorax brown, smnall prothoracic tuft of dark data. (In American Museum of Natural brown-black scales tipped with whitish; History.) patagia brown with some darker scales; small metathoracic tuft of black scales tipped with ALLOTYPE.- 9. Evergla(le, Florida. white. Abdomen brown with some darker April 8, 1912. (In American Museum of scales. Legs light brown with some darker Natural History.) scales, the tarsi darker anid ringed with whitish; no tufts in male as above. PARATYPES. 1 9, Miami, Florida, Fore wing (Fig. 1) ochreous suffused with red- date. (Ex Schaus Collection, in U. S. brown and irrorated with some black; black National Museum.) 2 o, 1 9, Florida, Fig. 1. Arugisa (Arugisa) wat8oni, n. sp. Holotype e. Free-hand sketch of maculation of fore wing. Fig. 2. A. (A.) watsoni, n. sp. Paratype d. Lateral view of head and palpi (female same). Fig. 3. A. (A.) watsoni, n. sp. Paratype 6,. Genitalia, the aedeagus drawn above at same magnificaticn. Fig. 4. A. (A.) wat8oni, n. sp. Allotype 9. Genitalia, ventral view; sclerites of segment VII in dotted outline. Fig. 5. Arugisa (Diallagma) latiorella (Walker). Lateral view of head and palpi of female (male same). Fig. 6. A. (D.) latiorella (Walker). Male genitalia; lateral view of uncus above and of aedea- gus alongside; all at same magnification. Specimen from Athens, Georgia, August, 1927 (A. G. Richards, Jr., coll.). Slide compared with that of cotype of lutea Smith in Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. Fig. 7. A. (D.) latiorella (Walker). Female genitalia, ventral view; sclerites of segment VII in dotted outline. Specimen from Florida. 3 4 AMERICAN MUSEUM NOVITATES [No. 1114 no further data. (Ex Schaus Collection, Diallagma lutea SMITH, 1900, Proc. U. S. in U. Natl. Mus., XXII, pp. 483-484. Type local- S. National Museum.) ity: Charlotte Harbor, Florida (Mrs. Slosson). As neither of the females bearing defi- Type: in U. S. National Museum, cotype in nite locality data is in perfect condition, Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist. the best male has been chosen as holotype. Determinations based on colored draw- The two localities, Everglade and Mid"ni, ing of Walker's type in the Barnes Collec- are both located at the southern end of tion (U. S. Natl. Mus.) and study of Florida, and it seems quite likely that Smith's types, including male genitalia of the species is restricted to the tropical zone cotype, in American Museum. at the extreme southern end of this state. This species is unlike any of those The maculation of this species is similar in the neotropical collections in the U. S. to that of watsoni (Fig. 1) but the more National Museum, and seems to be close yellow-brown ground color and the exten- only to albipuncta Hampson (1926, Descr. sive suffusion before the transverse lines N. Gen. and Sp. Lepid. Phal. Noct., p. 242) gives it a different appearance. The poor which is known onily from the unique fe- sketch in Holland's Moth Book (Fig. 153, male type from Jamaica. Watsoni agrees p. 245) is not particularly useful but is the fairly well with most of the pattern descrip- only published figure. The almost solidly tion of albipuncta but differs strikingly dark gray or black head and palpi and the in the terminal line being only a series of scaling of the same are diagnostic (Fig. 5). black points between the veins and cer- ExPANSE.-18-22 mm. tainly not "a fine waved blackish ter- minal line forming small white spots in MALE GENITALIA (3 slides studied, in- the interspaces with slight dentate white cluding cotype).-As figured (Fig. 6). marks before them." Also in watsoni the The -heavy spinose bar in the aedeagus is black spot in the cell is!lnot defined by on the vesica. The setose lobe of the white, the postmedial line (t. p. line) is sacculus is normally' curved around the single and below the submedian fold is inner face of the harpe. The two ampul- excurved across the anal vein and then lae are really alike, the seeming difference incurved to the inner margin. in the drawing is due to slight difference In the North American fauna watsoni in positioning in mounting the slide. is naturally closest to latiorella Walker in FEMALE GENITALIA (2 slides studied).- maculation, lacking however the extensive As figured (Fig. 7), but the heavy row of dark suffusion before the subterminal spines in the bursa copulatrix passes line, and being larger and browner, and around on the right side to about the mid- having quite different palpi and genitalia. dorsal line (cannot be shown as directly Named in honor of Mr. Frank E. Wat- above row on ventral side). Bursa an- son who has recently retired after many terior to this row'of spines covered with years in charge of the lepidopterological barely visible microtrichiae. collections of the American Museum. DISTRIBUTION.-Texas, Alabama, Flor- Arugisa (Diallagma) latiorella (Walker) ida, Georgia, North Carolina, and Virginia. Acrobasis latiorella WALKER, 1863, Cat. Fairfax, Virginia (F. H. Benjamin), is the Br. Mus., XXVII, p. 29. Type locality: most northern record. Not known from Florida. Type: in British Museum. Mexico or the West Indies.