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Sultans and Voivodas in the 16Th C. Gifts and Insignia*
SULTANS AND VOIVODAS IN THE 16TH C. GIFTS AND INSIGNIA* Prof. Dr. Maria Pia PEDANI** Abstract The territorial extent of the Ottoman Empire did not allow the central government to control all the country in the same way. To understand the kind of relations established between the Ottoman Empire and its vassal states scholars took into consideration also peace treaties (sulhnâme) and how these agreements changed in the course of time. The most ancient documents were capitulations (ahdnâme) with mutual oaths, derived from the idea of truce (hudna), such as those made with sovereign countries which bordered on the Empire. Little by little they changed and became imperial decrees (berat), which mean that the sultan was the lord and the others subordinate powers. In the Middle Ages bilateral agreements were used to make peace with European countries too, but, since the end of the 16th c., sultans began to issue berats to grant commercial facilities to distant countries, such as France or England. This meant that, at that time, they felt themselves superior to other rulers. On the contrary, in the 18th and 19th centuries, European countries became stronger and they succeeded in compelling the Ottoman Empire to issue capitulations, in the form of berat, on their behalf. The article hence deals with the Ottoman’s imperial authority up on the vassal states due to the historical evidences of sovereignty. Key Words: Ottoman Empire, voivoda, gift, insignia. 1. Introduction The territorial extent of the Ottoman Empire did not allow the central government to control all the country in the same way. -
Dress and Cultural Difference in Early Modern Europe European History Yearbook Jahrbuch Für Europäische Geschichte
Dress and Cultural Difference in Early Modern Europe European History Yearbook Jahrbuch für Europäische Geschichte Edited by Johannes Paulmann in cooperation with Markus Friedrich and Nick Stargardt Volume 20 Dress and Cultural Difference in Early Modern Europe Edited by Cornelia Aust, Denise Klein, and Thomas Weller Edited at Leibniz-Institut für Europäische Geschichte by Johannes Paulmann in cooperation with Markus Friedrich and Nick Stargardt Founding Editor: Heinz Duchhardt ISBN 978-3-11-063204-0 e-ISBN (PDF) 978-3-11-063594-2 e-ISBN (EPUB) 978-3-11-063238-5 ISSN 1616-6485 This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 04. International License. For details go to http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Library of Congress Control Number:2019944682 Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Nationalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available on the Internet at http://dnb.dnb.de. © 2019 Walter de Gruyter GmbH, Berlin/Boston The book is published in open access at www.degruyter.com. Typesetting: Integra Software Services Pvt. Ltd. Printing and Binding: CPI books GmbH, Leck Cover image: Eustaţie Altini: Portrait of a woman, 1813–1815 © National Museum of Art, Bucharest www.degruyter.com Contents Cornelia Aust, Denise Klein, and Thomas Weller Introduction 1 Gabriel Guarino “The Antipathy between French and Spaniards”: Dress, Gender, and Identity in the Court Society of Early Modern -
Panoramic Trails to the Golden Cone Square Nature and Culture Between Altdorf, Burgthann and Postbauer-Heng S 2 Altdorf Dörlbach Schwarzenbach Buch Postbauer-Heng S 3
Panoramic trails to the golden cone square Nature and culture between Altdorf, Burgthann and Postbauer-Heng S 2 Altdorf Dörlbach Schwarzenbach Buch Postbauer-Heng S 3 73 Foreword Walking tour Dear visitors, 6 km from the -Bahn station (suburban railway station) Postbauer-Heng to the 1.5 hours -Bahn station Oberferrieden The joint decision of the environmental and building committees of both municipalities Postbauer-Heng Coming from the direction of Nuremberg you first walk (district of Neumarkt i. d. OPf.) and Burgthann (district through the pedestrian underpass to the other side of the of Nuremberg Land) on March 29, 2011 gave the go- railway line. From there via the ramp downwards and fur- ahead for this outstanding and “cross-border” project. ther on the foot and cycle path towards the main road B 8. The citizens of this region at the foot of the mountains Walk on through the tunnel tube and pass the skateboard Brentenberg and Dillberg have already been deeply root- tracks until you reach a crossroad in front of the sports ed for many generations. Numerous family and cultural club. Now turn right and go upwards. Until you reach connections were the basis for the increasingly growing Buch you will find the signs 1 2 along the way. As cooperation in economic and local affairs which has you turn left at the edge of the forest and walk on the proved to be a success especially concerning the school meadow path above of the sports club please enjoy the cooperation. The border between the municipalities is wide view over the surrounding area. -
The Daily Egyptian, April 21, 1980
Southern Illinois University Carbondale OpenSIUC April 1980 Daily Egyptian 1980 4-21-1980 The aiD ly Egyptian, April 21, 1980 Daily Egyptian Staff Follow this and additional works at: http://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/de_April1980 Volume 64, Issue 136 Recommended Citation , . "The aiD ly Egyptian, April 21, 1980." (Apr 1980). This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Daily Egyptian 1980 at OpenSIUC. It has been accepted for inclusion in April 1980 by an authorized administrator of OpenSIUC. For more information, please contact [email protected]. .Boat race is 'splash' for 5.,000 On your mark ... Go! At the ~d of the gunshot, 26 teams. w1th the encouragement of more than 100 crew members standing at the lake's edge. splashed into the water in vessels made of cardboard and plastic, holts and duct tape. Some sank instantly, but several made it to the finish line. The "instant boat race," a new category in the seventh Annual Cardboard Boat Regatta held Saturday af ternoon, was "a senScltional crowd pleaser." said Larry Busch, assistant profes5()r in design and originator of the event. The regatta consisted of thr~ classes: kayak, experimental craft and the instant boat race, in which entrants were given two hours immediately before the event to construct their craft. Staff photo by Jay Bryant "The instant boat race was an John Shishilla (left), a senior ~n marketing. and Dick Conlon Titanic Award for the most spectacular sinking. A new event experiment to allow more a senior in advertising, made quite a splash at thr. -
Riibin^S Proposals Killed Tuesday” Triumphs in New Jersey, Reagan 392 1,071 1,463 Rhode Island, South Dakota and New Bush 3 267 270 Mexico
1 'I II iiw t i , i _ i n . w ^ ’a e w K f ie S ' m : l() - EVENING HERALD, Tues.. June 3, 1980 iHandiratpr Carter has enough votes for nomination President Carter today clutched delegates ’Tuesday to ensure a noisy ; No< 209 •*• Manchetter, Conn,. Wednaaday, Juna 4 ,1(>80 Since 1881 • 20« the votes for his party’s nomination convention if he desires. in one hand and offered the other in With Tuesday’s voting the peace to his vanquished rival: But a Democratic delegate totals looked stubborn Sen. Edward Kennedy won like this: Condo committee split California and New Jersey and Tues Prev Total vowed not to quit. Carter 320 1,638 1,958 Kennedy defeated Carter in Kennedy 365 850 1,215 California in the grand finale of the Needed to nominate: 1,666 1980 primary campaign-306 delegates The Republican total: were at stake-to add to “ Super Tues Prev Total Riibin^s proposals killed Tuesday” triumphs in New Jersey, Reagan 392 1,071 1,463 Rhode Island, South Dakota and New Bush 3 267 270 Mexico. Needed to nominate: 998 Although a vote was not taken, the By MARY KITZMANN that a town department should be income levels anywhere between Carter took Ohio, West Virginia At 5:15 a.m. EDT, the primaries Maribwo given responsibility for handling J13,000 up to $21,000 for a single per committee reworded Rubin’s looked like this: and Montana, and even in losing New Herald Reporter tenants’ complaints and problems. son, and between $17,000 and $25,000 proposal recommending re-entering Jersey won enough delegates to put California: With 76 percent of the MANCHESTER — A philosophical The department would try to direct if the occupants are married. -
Connecticut Peopletalk
ManrbPBtfr if,., "1 -A Vol XCIK, No. 204 - Manchehter, Conn,, ThufPdByF 8jiay 20,1980 • Since 1881 • j Town plans legal action on overdue water bills and files liens on back bills, legal ac By MARY KITZMANN “This is one step in trying to less. tion is not usually taken. Frank receive the payments,” Taylor said. Herald Re|i(irl<-r Taylor, water and sewer department The two accounts of Marilyn Court “We have no desire to start acquiring Associates, 40 Olcott St., total about MANCHESTKR — The Water and office manager, said the decision to properties, but we do desire the cash $24,000. But Taylor has said the Sewer Department plans to begin commence litigation, either as suits, for the service received," association has contacted the depart legal proceedings to force about 20 or small claims court action, was Taylor says the property owners ment about arrangements for pay property owners to pay back water made primarily because the owners involved, several of which pwn ment. ' bills. made no attempt to arrange pay apartments, have a tendency to pay The amount involved in the back One overdue account is that of a ment. other bills or use the money for other property owner who has six accounts accounts totals about $55,000. The The owners will be receiving a investsments which pay higher in on various apartments. According to department has already filed liens, notice, signed by the Kevin O’Brien, terest than the town charges. Water and Sewer Department varying from one filing to several, on town attorney, that legal action will The average single family bill is records he owes $933, $954, $462, $610, the properties. -
Bulb Horn Title/Author Index January 1960- December 1969
Bulb Horn Title/Author Index January 1960- December 1969 For corrections or omissions, please send a message to [email protected] (Note: Regional and Chapter news and reports are included in most issues as submitted by regional personnel and edited by the Bulb Horn editor. Only those regional reports detailing a specific regional tour are indexed individually.) 17th Annual Revival Glidden & Reliability Tour. Copher, Mrs. Burman. 1962 Nov-Dec 23 (6). 5-6, 12-13, 26-27 1900 Rochet-Schneider. Merrill, Richard. 1961 Summer 22 (3). 32-33 1901 Winton Racing Car. Merrill, Richard. 1961 Fall 22 (4). 4 1903 GP Mercedes, The. Ulmann, Alec. 1968 Mar-Apr 29 (2). 30-35 1904 Stanley Steamer. Edmonds, Bradford C.. 1961 Spring 22 (2). 23 1907 Johnson Steamer, The. 1961 Summer 22 (3). 27-28 1907 Johnson Steamer, The. 1961 Summer 22 (3). 27-28 1907 La Viratelle Motorcycle, The. Ulmann, Alec. 1964 Jan-Feb 25 (1). 16-17 1911 Canadian Built Everett Motor Car Two Year Guarantee Against Defects, Etc.. Mannell, Ted. 1964 Nov-Dec 25 (6). 32 1913 Delage Racecar. Roy, E. L.. 1963 Mar-Apr 24 (2). 3-6 1913 Maxwell 40. Nutter, W. R.. 1962 Jul-Aug 23 (4). 17 1914 Hispano Suiza Alphonso XIII Sports Car. Ulmann, Alec. 1961 Winter 22 (1). 50-52 1914 Premier, The. Hewlett, Van Wyck. 1962 Jul-Aug 23 (4). 13-14 1916 Fergus Car, The. Ulmann, Alec. 1969 Mar-Apr 30 (2). 36-37 1917 Drexel, The. Hewlett, Van Wyck. 1963 Jul-Aug 24 (4). 26-27 1921 Duesenberg Victory At Le Mans, The. -
Subject Index
Bulb Horn Subject Index January 1990 – December 1999 For corrections or omissions, please send a message to [email protected] (Note: Regional and Chapter News and Reports are included in most issues as submitted by Regional personnel and edited by the Bulb Horn Editor. Only those Regional reports detailing a specific Regional tour are indexed individually.) AAA AAA and the Glidden Connection. Stucker, Dave. 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 18-21 Alvis HP 9877. Layzell, John. 1993 Oct/Dec 54 (4). 34-35 American LaFrance 1919 American LaFrance Pumper. Harder, Herman. 1997 Mar/Apr 58 (2). 34-35 Apperson Apperson, The Jackrabbit Car. Zahm, Karl S.. 1993 Apr/Jun 54 (2). 8-19 Auburn Tale of Two Auburns, A. Siegfried, J.B "Bernie". 1990 Apr/Jun 51 (2). 21-26 Automotive Art Automotive Artists. Delong, Tedd. 1998 May/Jun 59 (3). 23 Automotive Design Antique Automobiles are the Sum of Their Parts. Holland, David J.. 1992 Oct/Dec 53 (4). 36-38 Appreciating Post War Cars. Holland, David J. 1990 Apr/Jun 51 (2). 40-42 Cars of 1921, The. Zahm, Karl S.. 1996 Apr/Jun 57 (2). 14-15 Cars of 1946, The. Holland, Dave. 1996 Apr/Jun 57 (2). 16-17 Cars of 1966, The. Maclivain, Walter O. 1991 Jan/Feb 52 (1). 20-25 Cars of 1967, The. MacIlvain, Walter O. 1992 Jan/Mar 53 (1). 19-25 Cars of 1968, The. MacIlvain, Walter O.. 1993 Jan/Mar 54 (1). 26-38 Cars of 1969, The. MacIlvain, Walter O.. 1994 Jan/Mar 55 (1). 18-24 Cars of 1970, The. -
Gold and Power in Ancient Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia
This is an extract from: Gold and Power in Ancient Costa Rica, Panama, and Colombia Jeffrey Quilter and John W. Hoopes, Editors published by Dumbarton Oaks Research Library and Collection Washington, D.C. © 2003 Dumbarton Oaks Trustees for Harvard University Washington, D.C. Printed in the United States of America www.doaks.org/etexts.html The Seed of Life: The Symbolic Power of Gold-Copper Alloys and Metallurgical Transformations Ana María Falchetti re-Hispanic metallurgy of the Americas is known for its technical variety. Over a period of more than three thousand years, different techniques were adopted by vari- Pous Indian communities and adapted to their own cultures and beliefs. In the Central Andes, gold and silver were the predominant metals, while copper was used as a base material. Central Andeans developed an assortment of copper-based alloys. Smiths hammered copper into sheets that would later be used to create objects covered with thin coatings of gold and silver. In northern South America and the Central American isth- mus gold-copper alloys were particularly common.1 Copper metallurgy was also important in Western Mexico and farther north. Putting various local technological preferences aside, Amerindians used copper exten- sively as a base material. What then were the underlying concepts that governed the symbol- ism of copper, its combination with other metals, and particular technologies such as casting methods in Pre-Columbian Colombia, Panama, and Costa Rica? Studies of physical and chemical processes are essential to a scientific approach to met- allurgy, but for a fuller understanding, technologies should not be divorced from cultural contexts. -
Title and Author Index
Bulb Horn Title/Author Index January 1990- December 1999 (Note: Regional and Chapter News and Reports are included in most issues as submitted by Regional personnel and edited by the Bulb Horn Editor. Only those Regional reports detailing a specific Regional tour are indexed individually.) 1 & 2 Cylinder National Tour (Ohio). Pavlik, Albert. 1992 July-September 53 (3). 20-23 1&2 Cylinder Tour (Michigan). Pavlik, Albert. 1997 Sep/Oct 58 (5). 26-29 10th Annual Chrome Glidden Tour (New York, Pennsylvania). Woods, Darlene. 1991 October- December 52 (4). 33-39 10th Annual Nickel Age Tour (California). Nichols, Bill. 1999 Sep/Oct 60 (5). 35 12th Annual Chrome Glidden Tour (Texas). Moore, Al. 1993 July-September 54 (3). 20-25 1900 & the First Gordon Bennett Race. Bishop, Charles W.. 1992 October-December 53 (4). 16-19 1903 GP Mercedes, The. Ulmann, Alec. 1993 January-March 54 (1). 22-25 1905 Glidden Tour (New York). 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 25 1905 Glidden Tour (New York). Manchester, New Hampshire "Union". 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 24 1906 Glidden Tour (New York). 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 26 1907 Glidden Tour (Ohio). 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 27 1908 Glidden Tour . 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 28 1909 Glidden tour. 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 29 1910 Glidden Tour (Ohio). 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 30 1911 Glidden Tour (New York). 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 31 1912 Buick; M-29 Demi-Tonneau. Nice, Bob. 1999 Sep/Oct 60 (5). 21-23 1912 Glidden Tour. 1997 Jan/Feb 58 (1). 31 1913 Glidden Tour (Minnesota). -
Plug-In Electric Vehicle (PEV) Stakeholders Readiness Findings Report
Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) Stakeholders Readiness Findings Report An Evaluation of Vermont Automotive Dealerships, Current PEV Owners, and Fleets Vermont Clean Cities Coalition August 2012 Prepared by: Michelle McCutcheon-Schour With Glenn McRae and Tom McGrath Transportation Research Center Farrell Hall 210 Colchester Avenue Burlington, VT 05401 Phone: (802) 656-1312 Website: www.uvm.edu/transportationcenter Acknowledgements Funding for this report was provided by the Vermont Public Service Department through the U.S. Department of Energy’s Energy Efficiency and Conservation Block Grant program. We extend grateful acknowledgment to Glenn McRae, Karin McNeil, Alexandra Evarts, and Tom McGrath for their contributions to this report. Disclaimer The contents of this report reflect the views of the authors, who are responsible for the facts and the accuracy of the data presented herein. The contents do not necessarily reflect the official view or policies of the UVM Transportation Research Center. This report does not constitute a standard, specification, or regulation. 2 Table of Contents Plug-in Electric Vehicle (PEV) Stakeholders Readiness Findings Report ................................... 1 An Evaluation of Vermont Automotive Dealerships, Current PEV Owners, and Fleets .......................1 Acknowledgements ............................................................................................................... 2 Disclaimer ............................................................................................................................ -
Dave and Debbie Sheetz on the AACA Vintage Tour in Canada with Their 1930 Plymouth
Promoting the Preservation & Enjoyment November 2019 of Antique Automobiles Since 1950. Dave and Debbie Sheetz on the AACA Vintage Tour in Canada with their 1930 Plymouth. See pages 6-7. 2019 Officers Bob Doppelheuer, President Long time Western PA Region member Frank 405 Overholt Drive, Scottdale, PA 15683 Flowers of Smithton passed away on October 19, 724-366-5930 2019. A WWII veteran, Frank started a body shop Craig DeFloria, Vice President in Donora, PA and then established Flowers Auto 164 Millersdale Road, Greensburg, PA 15601 Wreckers in Smithton in which his family is still 412-558-3100 involved today. Frank was a founding member of the Mon Valley Region AACA, and was very proud of his Mark Jackson, Treasurer antique cars. Our deepest sympathy to his family and 133 Alexander Avenue, Greensburg, PA 15601 friends. Frank was 93. 724-832-9074 Mark DeFloria, Secretary Our deepest sympathy to the family and friends of 123 Fosterville Road, Greensburg, PA 15601 past Western PA Region member James E. Smith 724-836-7414 who passed away on November 5, 2019. Jim was 88. John Kuhns, Sr., Publicity 2339 Raymond Avenue, Latrobe, PA 15650 It is with a heavy heart work: 724-539-7574 home: 724-539-0889 that we report the passing of long time Western PA John Ross Kuhns, Safety Region member and past 2552 Raymond Avenue, Latrobe, PA 15650 President Fred Nicholls. 412-558-0994 Fred died on November For membership information contact any officer 2, 2019. A WWII Navy or email [email protected] veteran, and mortician, Visit our website: www.westernparegion.org Fred’s lifelong passion was antique automobiles.