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Statistical Multiplexing and Connection Admission Control in ATM Networks Edith Cowan University Research Online Theses: Doctorates and Masters Theses 1-1-2001 Statistical multiplexing and connection admission control in ATM networks Guoqiang Mao Edith Cowan University Follow this and additional works at: https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses Part of the Digital Communications and Networking Commons Recommended Citation Mao, G. (2001). Statistical multiplexing and connection admission control in ATM networks. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1053 This Thesis is posted at Research Online. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/1053 Edith Cowan University Copyright Warning You may print or download ONE copy of this document for the purpose of your own research or study. The University does not authorize you to copy, communicate or otherwise make available electronically to any other person any copyright material contained on this site. You are reminded of the following: Copyright owners are entitled to take legal action against persons who infringe their copyright. A reproduction of material that is protected by copyright may be a copyright infringement. Where the reproduction of such material is done without attribution of authorship, with false attribution of authorship or the authorship is treated in a derogatory manner, this may be a breach of the author’s moral rights contained in Part IX of the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). Courts have the power to impose a wide range of civil and criminal sanctions for infringement of copyright, infringement of moral rights and other offences under the Copyright Act 1968 (Cth). Higher penalties may apply, and higher damages may be awarded, for offences and infringements involving the conversion of material into digital or electronic form. EDITH COWAN UNIVERSITY LIBRARY STATISTICAL MULTIPLEXING AND CONNECTION ADMISSION CONTROL IN ATM NETWORKS By Guoqiang Mao A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctorof Philosophy at School of Engineering and Mathematics Faculty of Communications, Healthand Science Edith Cowan University PrincipalSupervisor Dr. Daryoush Habibi Co-Supervisor Professor Kamran Eshraghian November 2001 USE OF THESIS The Use of Thesis statement is not included in this version of the thesis. DECLARATION I certify that this thesis does not, to the best of my knowledge and belief: (i) incorporate without acknowledgement any material previously submitted fora degree or diploma in any institution of higher education; (ii) contain any materialpreviously published or written by another person ex­ cept where due referenceis made in the text; or (iii) contain any defamatorymaterial. S ./.cft../ •.• •- •• 1gnaturi:r,A vate A/.. � ,-7. ,?.,.,,d 111 Acknowledgements First and foremost, I would like to express my sincerest gratitude to my principal supervisor Dr. Daryoush Habibi and co-supervisor ProfessorKamran Eshraghian, fortheir encouragement and unconditional support. I would like to thank them particularly for the independence they gave me to choose the new challenges in my research work, and the financialsupport they gave me to choose the hardware andsoftware which made my research easier and more enjoyable. I am grateful to my parents Huapu Mao and Yuanxiu Wan, my wife Qiqian Huangfor their love and encouragement. Finally, I would like to thank the Postgraduate School and the School of Engi­ neering and Mathematics at Edith Cowan University forproviding a friendly and creative environment. This work would not have been possible without the financial support of the following organizations: • EdithCowan Un iversity, through the postgraduate student research scholar­ ship. • Australian government, throughthe overseas postgraduate research schol­ arship. V Abstract Asynchronous Transfer Mode (ATM) technology is widely employed for the trans­ port of network traffic, and has the potential to be the base technology forthe next generation of global communications. Connection Admission Control (CAC) is the most effectivetraffic control mechanism which is necessary in ATM networks in order to avoid possible congestion at each network node and to achieve the Quality-of-Service (QoS) requested by each connection. CAC determines whether or not the network should accept a new connection. A new connection will only be accepted if the network has sufficient resources to meet its QoS requirements without affecting the QoS commitments already made by the network for exist­ ing connections. The design of a high-performance CAC is based on an in-depth understanding of the statistical characteristics of the trafficsources. The aim of this research is to investigate the statistical characteristics of the ATM traffic, and develop a computationally efficient and robust CAC scheme based on a novel closed-loop architecture which is capable of achieving high network resources utilization while satisfying the QoS requirements of all con­ nections. First, loss performanceanalysis of heterogeneous trafficsources is performed. A cell loss rate function is defined which is used to characterize the cell loss of heterogeneous traffic sources in the bufferless fluid flow model. Cell loss rate function is a convenient and effective tool to study the loss performance. The stochastic ordering theory is used to analyze the cell loss rate function. The loss performance of heterogeneous traffic sources, especially heterogeneous on-off vi sources, is discussed. A set of theorems on the loss performance of heteroge­ neous traffic sources are presented and proved which have great significance in real applications. Second, the application of the loss performance analysis in connection ad­ mission control is presented. A computationally efficient, measurement-based connection admission control scheme is proposed which only needs simple pa­ rameters from traffic sources, i.e. peak cell rate and/or mean cell rate. Exten­ sive simulation is performed which is indicative of good performance of the CAC scheme. The CAC scheme is shown to perform well with regard to QoS guaran­ tees, robust against inaccuracies in user-declared traffic parameters, and capable of achieving a high link utilization. Third, based on the asymptotic relationship between cell loss ratio and buffer size, an in-service QoS monitoring and estimation scheme (ISME) is proposed which uses virtual buffertechniques. The proposed ISME based on virtual buffers significantly shortens the monitoring period required for making a valid QoS es­ timation. Simulation studies show thatthe proposed ISME achieves better perfor­ mance than that reported in the literature. Finally, a novel closed-loop architecture for connection admission control is proposed, which is able to overcome some inherent drawbacks of the open-loop architecture adopted by almost all CAC schemes in the literature. Based on the proposed CAC and ISME, a method of implementing the closed-loop architecture for CAC is presented. Simulation is carried out which indicates that the CAC scheme based on the closed-loop architecture is able to overcome the drawbacks of the open-loop architectureand achieve better performance. Vll Publications The followingsare a list of papers published during my PhD study: 1. Guoqiang Mao andD aryoush Habibi, "Loss Performance Analysis forHet­ erogeneous ON-OFF Sources with Application to Connection Admission Control",to appear in IEEE/ACM Transaction on Networking. 2. Guoqiang Mao and Daryoush Habibi, "A Cell Loss Upper Bound forHet­ erogeneous On-Offsources with Application to Connection Admission Con­ trol", to appear in Computer Communications. 3. Guoqiang Mao and Daryoush Habibi, "A Tight Upper Bound for Hetero­ geneous ON-OFFSources", IEEE Global Telecommunications Conference, December, 2000, pp. 636-640. 4. Guoqiang Mao and Daryoush Habibi, "Heterogeneous ON-OFF Sources in the Bufferless Fluid Flow Model", IEEE International Conference on Networks, September, 2000, pp. 307-312. 5. Daryoush Habibi and Guoqiang Mao, "A Hybrid ATM Connection Admis­ sion Control Scheme Based on On-line Measurements and User TrafficDe­ scriptors", IEEE InternationalConference on Networks, September, 2000, pp. 248-254. 6. Guoqiang Mao, "On Input State Space Reduction for Heterogeneous ON­ OFF Sources", Inter-University Postgraduate Electrical Engineering Sym­ posium, July, 2000, pp. 97-100. viii Contents Acknowledgements V Abstract vi Publications viii 1 Introduction 1 1.1 ATM Overview ............. 1 1.2 Traffic Controland Congestion Control 4 1.2.1 The Challenge . 4 1.2.2 Objectives and Generic Functions 6 1.2.3 Preventive Versus Reactive Control 10 1.2.4 Time-ScaleDecomposition .. 11 1.3 Connection Admission Control and StatisticalMultiplexing . 13 1.4 Problems Addressed by This Thesis 15 1.5 Organization of The Thesis 18 2 LiteratureReview 19 2.1 Traffic-Descriptorbased CAC .. ... 19 2.1.1 EffectiveBandwidth Approach . 20 2.1. 2 Large Deviation Approach 21 2.1.3 Bufferless System Model 25 2.2 Measurement-based CAC . .... 30 2.2.1 DistributionMeasurement Approach . 31 ix 2.2.2 LeakyBucket Approach . 32 2.2.3 Asymptotic Matching Approach 34 2.2.4 Decision-Theoretical Approach 35 2.2.5 Aggregate EffectiveBandwidth Approach . 36 2.2.6 InstantaneousRate Approach 41 2.2.7 Virtual BufferApproach . 43 2.2.8 Comparison . 46 2.3 Self-Similarity in Network Traffic 47 2.3. 1 Existence of Self-Similarity - Evidence andPossible Causes 47 2.3.2 Definition andInference of Self-Similarity . 50 2.3.3 Relevance of Self-Similarity - The Pros and Cons 53 2.4 Summary . 57 3 Loss Performance Analysis 61 3. 1 Fluid Flow Model ... 6 1 3. 2 Bufferless Fluid Flow Model 63 3.3 Cell Loss Rate Function . 64 3.4 Stochastic Ordering Theory . 67 3.5 Traffic Source Model . 69 3.6 Loss PerformanceAnalysis of Heterogeneous On-Off Sources 74 3.6. 1 Loss PerformanceAnalysis of Individual On-Off Source 75 3.6.2 A Cell Loss Upper Bound for BernoulliSources . 78 3.6.3 A Cell Loss Upper Bound for Heterogeneous TrafficSources 82 3.7 Summary . 92 4 A Measurement-based Connection Admission ControlScheme 94 4.1 CAC Scheme . 96 4.1.1 Estimation of The Activity Parameter p 98 4.1.2 Cell Loss Ratio Estimation . 10 4 4.2 Cell Loss Ratio of Individual Connections 107 4.3 Simulation Study . 109 4.3. 1 Simulation Model 110 X -- 4.3.2 Saturation Scenario . 111 4.3.3 Moderate Scenario .
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