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Translating Movement Into the Role of Independent Political Organizing In TRANSLATING MOVEMENT INTO POWER The Role of Independent Political Organizing in the Racial Justice Victory Over Anita Alvarez in the Cook County State’s Attorney Race Reclaim Chicago, The People’s Lobby, SOUL (Southsiders Organized for Unity & Liberation), Center for Racial & Gender Equity, and Action Now SECTIONS I. Summary 2 II. Setting the Frame and Defining the Incumbent 3 III. Creating a Bigger, Bolder Contest 7 IV. Conclusions & Questions 15 V. Appendix 18 Translating Movement into Power • 1 I. SUMMARY Chicago community-based independent political organizations played a critical role in the successful campaign to defeat incumbent Cook County State’s Attorney Anita Alvarez, a staunch opponent of police and criminal justice reform, in the March 2016 Democratic primary. Black-led community organizations set the stage for the contest by publicly defining Alvarez as an opponent of accountability and reform, shaping the lead protagonist (challenger Kim Foxx) into a bold leader, and catapulting Foxx to a landslide victory over Alvarez. SOUL (Southsiders Organized for Unity & Liberation), The People’s Lobby, and Reclaim Chicago in particular led an inside-outside strategy over several years that built toward this historic and game-changing racial justice victory and, together with other allied community organizations, collectively made 310,000 calls/door knocks to contribute to a resounding victory on election night. The defeat of Alvarez and victory of Foxx represents a win for the Movement for Black Lives and signifies a political awakening for racial justice. It also represents a victory for the broader progressive movement, a victory that can teach key lessons about the combined power of high-profile movement activism and independent political organizing (often less visible) that can translate energy and intentions into large-scale electoral engagement and the exercise of community power. This report tells the story of the role of independent political organizations on the ground in Chicago and offers lessons and questions for progressives about what it takes to build political power for racial justice and the broader movement long-term. Translating Movement into Power • 2 II. SETTING THE FRAME AND DEFINING THE INCUMBENT Anita Alvarez was elected Cook County State’s Attorney as a reformer and an independent in 2008 and faced no challenger in her re-election in 2012 (her predecessor, Richard Devine, had been in office for three terms, since 1996). But like other successful Chicago politicians, the reform-sounding, smooth exterior that won popular support for Alvarez masked a dark leadership bent on protecting and reinvigorating an unaccountable police state. Under Alvarez, Chicago’s criminal justice institutions became deeply resistant to change and increasingly opaque and vindictive toward anyone who would push for transparency. While other jurisdictions began shifting to finally address structural problems with mass incarceration and police brutality -- for instance, reforming drug laws, addressing prison and jail overcrowding, rethinking juvenile sentencing and incarceration, and creating measures of accountability for law enforcement -- Chicago and Cook County lagged behind. Alvarez began to build a track record of protecting police officers involved in misconduct and wrongful shootings (the city also spent half a billion dollars on legal claims for these cases), prosecuting innocent people, and using the power of the State’s Attorney’s office to silence critics and reformers. She also made it extremely difficult to get information about what was going on in the State’s Attorney’s office, setting a record for refused FOIA requests. And so Chicago continued to be the home of the nation’s biggest pre-trial detention center - Cook County Jail - where roughly 10,000 people are locked up at any given time, with 90% awaiting trial behind bars because they can’t afford bail, 70% held for arrests for non-violent offenses, and 86% people of color (compared to 50% people of color in the county population). Most of this went on in the dark and without protest for years; these issues only began to receive attention as a public crisis in Chicago media after community organizing groups intervened to put a spotlight on them. Translating Movement into Power • 3 In 2013, SOUL began making Alvarez a target of black activism and organizing on the South Side and in the south suburbs of Chicago. That year, SOUL launched its campaign to end mass incarceration in Illinois. Cook County Board President Toni Preckwinkle (a close ally of SOUL) was also beginning to push for criminal justice reform and was also encountering fierce resistance from Alvarez. SOUL and its black clergy began demonstrating their displeasure with Alvarez’s obstruction of reform and called on her to support deferred prosecutions for low-level drug possession, to reform the cash bail system that was keeping the Cook County Jail overcrowded with poor people held on minor offenses, and to provide alternatives to prosecution and incarceration for youth offenders. The Workers Center for Racial Justice (501c3)/Center for Racial & Gender Equity (501c4) joined SOUL in pressuring Alvarez after coming off a victory winning “Ban the Box” legislation in Illinois. Together, they represented a growing base of organized black congregations, community institutions, workers, formerly incarcerated people and their families, all focused on criminal justice reform and the office of the Cook County State’s Attorney. Delegation of Faith and Community Activists Will Deliver a Freedom of Information Act Request to the Home of Cook County State’s Attorney Anita Alvarez November 10, 2014 Activists demand an end to mass incarceration, expand its diversion program December 11, 2014 Cook County States Attorney Alvarez in Political Trouble March 11, 2015 Translating Movement into Power • 4 These early demands and pressure campaigns began to frame the debate and define Alvarez based on her record, painting her as defensive, unaccountable, and an obstructionist standing against the will of the people on criminal justice reform issues. The organizing and resulting press coverage also began to shed light on the office of the Cook County State’s Attorney, which had rarely garnered much attention in elections and whose sweeping powers to decide who is prosecuted and how criminal justice policy is set were widely overlooked. Difference in Overall Cook County Democratic Primary Turnout vs. State’s Attorney Primary Turnout 2004 -123,966 -4.71% 2008 -140,587 -5.29% 2012 -97,318 -3.63% 2016 -85,473 -2.89% The percentage roll-off in the 2016 State’s Attorney primary was roughly half what it was in the previous contested primaries (2012 was uncontested and the lowest turnout of these primaries). Translating Movement into Power • 5 Translating Movement into Power • 6 III. CREATING A BIGGER, BOLDER CONTEST SOUL is a 501c3 organization, but its sister 501c4 organization is The People’s Lobby which also runs a political committee and alliance called Reclaim Chicago in partnership with National Nurses United. After successfully electing 10 progressive aldermen and helping force the city’s first mayoral runoff against incumbent mayor Rahm Emanuel in the 2015 Chicago municipal elections, The People’s Lobby and Reclaim Chicago turned their attention to Anita Alvarez and the Cook County State’s Attorney race where their assessment suggested a strong challenger running on a reform agenda could have a path to unseat Alvarez in the March 2016 Democratic primary. In the summer of 2015, Reclaim Chicago began meeting with former assistant prosecutor Kim Foxx as she announced her candidacy. Reclaim Chicago shared its plans to screen candidates, endorse a challenger to Alvarez (if there was one who would run on a reform agenda), and build a major voter contact effort in the race. Foxx was responsive to Reclaim Chicago’s endorsement committee and seemed to share their vision, both for a State’s Attorney committed to reforming the local and state policies that perpetuate mass incarceration (sentencing laws, money-based bail, and other policies that criminalize people based on poverty, race, youth, or low-level drug offenses) and for a campaign that would clearly align itself with the racial justice movement as a strategy to win rather than soft-peddle on race issues. In September, Reclaim Chicago endorsed Foxx and quickly began to assemble a volunteer field campaign structure. The Center for Racial & Gender Equity - another black organization on the South Side and close ally of SOUL - was also beginning to put together its own canvass operation to talk to voters about criminal justice reform. The Center’s sister 501c3, Worker’s Center for Racial Justice worked with SOUL and BYP100 to organize a counter convention to the International Association of Police Chiefs conference that was held in Chicago in October. Alvarez’s favorability as a public figure had been sinking since the groups began putting the spotlight on her in 2013, but after the release of the video of Laquan McDonald’s killing, Alvarez’s disapproval ratings took a nosedive and left as many as 55% of voters undecided about who they would support in the primary. Translating Movement into Power • 7 2015 closed out with more mass demonstrations and civil disobedience that kept the media focused on Laquan McDonald and other victims of police violence against people of color like Rekia Boyd whose police killer had also escaped full criminal liability under Alvarez. Organizations also joined forces to collect 35,000 petition signatures calling for Mayor Emanuel and Alvarez to resign and organized occupations of the Cook County and city buildings. Protesters Pack County Building To Demand Anita Alvarez Resignation December 3, 2015 Tanya Watkins, SOUL leader at the Dec 3 protest and delivery of petition signatures. (By Aaron Cynic/Chicagoist)) Despite the rising tide of opposition, Anita Alvarez was proving to be a formidable politician. She fended off calls for her resignation skillfully (and in perfect message coordination with Mayor Emanuel) and maintained a fundraising and polling lead in the face of the growing community pressure.
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