Folia Entomológica Mexicana ISSN: 0430-8603 [email protected] Sociedad Mexicana de Entomología, A.C. México

Smith Pardo, Allan H. The of the genus of Mexico (: : ) Folia Entomológica Mexicana, vol. 44, núm. 2, 2005, pp. 165-193 Sociedad Mexicana de Entomología, A.C. Xalapa, México

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THE BEES OF THE GENUS NEOCORYNURA OF MEXICO (HYMENOPTERA: HALICTIDAE: AUGOCHLORINI)

ALLAN H. SMITH-PARDO

Division of Entomology, Natural History Museum, and Entomology Program, Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, Snow Hall, 1460 Jayhawk Boulevard, University of Kansas, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7523, USA. E-mail: [email protected]

Smith-Pardo, A. H. 2005. The bees of the genus Neocorynura of Mexico (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Augochlorini). Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2): 165-193.

ABSTRACT. The species of the genus Neocorynura occurring in Mexico are reviewed. Seven species are recognized in Mexico, four of which are described as new: Neocorynura centroamericana, new species; N. cribrita, new species; N. discolorata, new species; and N. rubida, new species. Two new synonyms are proposed: N. chlorocion (Vachal) is a new junior subjective synonym of N. lignys (Vachal) while N. discolor knabiana Cockerell is a new junior subjective synonym of N. discolor (Smith). Descriptions for both sexes of each species are provided along with keys to their identification. The biogeography of Neocorynura in Mexico is briefly discussed. KEYWORDS: Apoidea, Anthophila, biogeography, , .

Smith-Pardo, A. H. 2005. Las abejas del género Neocorynura de México (Hymenoptera: Halictidae: Augochlorini). Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2): 165-193.

RESUMEN. Se presentan las especies de abejas del genero Neocorynura presentes en México. Se reconocen siete especies, de las cuales cuatro especies son nuevas para la ciencia: Neocorynura centroamericana sp. nov., N. cribrita sp. nov., N. discolorata sp. nov., y N. rubida sp. nov. Se proponen dos nuevas sinonimias: Neocorynura chlorocion (Vachal) es una sinonimia junior subjetiva de N. lignys (Vachal), mientras que N. discolor knabiana Cockerell es una sinonimia junior subjetiva de N. discolor (Smith). Se presetan descripciones para ambos sexos de cada especie y claves para su identificación. Se discute brevemente la biogeografía de Neocorynura en México. PALABRAS CLAVE: Apoidea, Anthophila, biogeografía, taxonomía, Halictinae.

Neocorynura Schrottky is one of the largest ge- perhaps partially a result of the fact that this is nera in the bee tribe Augochlorini (Halictidae) one of the few bee genera that reach high altitu- with approximately 60 to 65 described species des in the Andes (Gonzalez and Engel, 2004; (Moure and Hurd, 1987; Engel, 2000, Michener, Gonzalez and Smith-Pardo in prep.). 2000), and an equal number of undescribed spe- The bee fauna, and specifically Neocorynura, cies (Smith-Pardo, Unpubl. data). The genus ran- in Mexico and Central America has been studied ges from northern Argentina to central Mexico in some detail, principally in terms of the diver- (Eickwort, 1969; Michener, 2000; Engel, 2000), sity of species (Ayala, Griswold and Bullock, although preliminary data suggest a higher diver- 1993; Ayala, Griswold and Yanega, 1996). Nes- sity of Neocorynura in northern South America, ting behavior of particular species of Neocory- especially Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru. This is nura has been described (Sakagami and Miche- Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura ner, 1962; Michener, Kerfoot, and Ramirez, County Museum of Natural History (R. R. Sne- 1966), although such studies represent a mere lling); MNHN, Museum National d'Histoire Na- fraction of the diversity in the genus. Currently turelle, Paris (J. Legrand); SEMC, Entomology there exists a checklist for the Mexican species, Division, Natural History Museum, University of but it is based on the distribution records for the Kansas, Lawrence (M. S. Engel, Z. Falin); UCR, species with type localities in Mexico (Ayala, Entomological Museum, University of California, Griswold and Yanega, 1996). A better understan- Riverside, Riverside (D. Yanega); UNAM, Ins- ding of the Neocorynura species occurring in tituto de Biología, Museo de Zoología, Uni- Mexico is important because it represents the versidad Nacional Autonoma de Mexico, Mexico northernmost limit for the genus and because it D.F. (O. Yañez); UNSM, University of Nebraska may provide insights on the reasons for the de- State Museum, Division of Entomology (B. Rat- cline in diversity of species in the subtropical zo- cliffe); ZMHB, Museum für Naturkunde, Hum- ne, far from the area of greatest diversity in South boldt-Universität, Berlin (F. Koch). America. Neocorynura centroamericana sp. nov. MATERIAL AND METHODS (Fig. 1, 2b) Morphological observations, measurements, Diagnosis. Females of Neocorynura centro- and illustrations were made using an ocular mi- americana can be easily recognized by the dis- crometer on an Olympus SZ60 microscope and tinctive color pattern of their body: mainly black the Adobe Illustrator® software. The abbrevia- with narrow metallic bands along mesoscutum tions F, S, T, OD, and PD are used for flagello- and anteriorly and dorsally on T2 and T3. This mere, metasomal sternum and tergum, and ocellar species can be distinguished from other species diameter and puncture diameter, respectively. with similar body coloration such as N. fumi- Morphological terminology follows that propo- pennis (Friese) by the following characters: cly- sed by Michener (2000), Engel (2001), and Ha- peus only imbricate along margins and smooth rris (1979) for surface sculpturing. The word im- between punctures elsewhere; mesoscutum with bricate is used for the microsculpturing of the punctation broadly separate medially, more dense cuticular surface, usually between punctures or toward the margins; mesopleura with coarse other coarser sculpturing. Description format ge- punctures; base of propodeum broadly striate and nerally follows that used for other augochlorine smooth between striae, and metasomal T1 with bees (e.g. Engel, 1999, 2000; Engel and Smith- punctation broadly distributed. Pardo, 2004). Description. FEMALE (Holotype). Body length The specimens used for this study are deposited 13 mm; forewing length 11.5 mm. Head width in the following institutions: AMNH, American 3.5 mm, length 3.3 mm. Scape longer than com- Museum of Natural History, New York (J. G. bined lengths of F1–F6; F2 slightly longer than Rozen, Jr.); BMNH, British Museum of Natural F1. Clypeus wider than long; paraocular lobe ob- History, London (G. Else); CAS, California Aca- tuse (almost absent). Mesoscutum slightly wider demy of Sciences, San Francisco (R. Zuparko); than long; metanotum more than half length of CUIC, Cornell University Collection of Arthro- mesoscutellum. Mesotibial spur serrate and more pods (E. R. Hoebeke); FSCA, Florida State Co- than half length of mesobasitarsus; inner metati- llection of , Gainesville (J. Wiley); bial spur pectinate with 6 teeth, the two most dis- INHS, Illinois Natural History Survey, Urbana- tal ones almost completely fused. Marginal cell Champain (C. Favret); LACM, Los Angeles pointed; 1m-cu confluent with 1rs-m; 2m-cu ba-

166 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

FIGURE 1. Lateral habitus of the new species of Neocorynura (left females, right males): a). N. centroamericana, b). N. cribrita, c). N. discolorata, and d). N. rubida.

167 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura sad 2rs-m by approximately 3 times vein width; gin of mesoscutellum. Legs mostly black, tarsi first submarginal cell longer than the combined light brown. Metasoma black with a narrow basal lengths of second and third; second submarginal band, metallic green to blue, on T2 and T3. cell with anterior margin longer than anterior Mandible with brown, unbranched setae, 0.5-3 margin of third marginal cell; hamuli spaced 3-1- OD in length, scattered along mandibular surface. 1-3. Basal area of propodeum slightly shorter Labrum mostly bare with a row of coarse, brown, than mesoscutellum but larger than metanotum, unbranched setae along anterior margin. Clypeus broadly striated. Metasoma elongate, semipetio- with brown and unbranched setae, 0.5- 1.0 OD in late. Wings uniformly pubescent; forewings with length, sparsely distributed over surface and with costal margin smoky. some minute branched setae on lateral margins, Mandible with strong acetabular groove. La- and close to compound eyes. Supraclypeal area brum areolate and with small central process (or- with minute, sparse, dark brown, unbranched biculate elevation of medial region), more or less setae. Subantennal area and frons covered with narrow at base. Clypeus strongly imbricate along two kinds of setae; dark and light brown, darker margins, slightly imbricate elsewhere, with coar- ones minutely branched and 1-1.5 OD in length, se punctures separated by 1 PD; supraclypeal light setae branched but shorter, both kinds area imbricate with punctures similarly distri- mixed dense. Scape with dark brown, unbranched buted; subantennal and lower ocular areas stron- setae, 1 OD in length. Vertex with coarse, sca- gly imbricate; frons and remainder of face with ttered, dark brown, poorly branched setae, 1-2 punctures well defined, smaller, and more nume- OD in length; postgena with branched setae, 0.5- rous, integument between punctures imbricate; 1.5 OD in length. Pronotum with coarse, dark vertex sculptured as on frons but punctures more brown setae, minutely branched, 0.5-1 OD in broadly separated (> 1PD); gena and postgena length, rest of pronotum with minute setae; pro- smooth to striate, with faint punctures separated notal lobe with dark brown setae, branched and by 1–2 PD, integument between punctures faintly 1 OD in length, scattered among minute white se- imbricate. Scape imbricate with minute punctures tae; propleura densely covered with minute, light separately by about a puncture width. Pronotum brown setae. Mesoscutum with coarse, dark smooth and with minute punctures; propleuron brown setae, branched, 0.5-1 OD in length and smooth and striate. Mesoscutum imbricate, punc- distributed along margins, rest of surface poorly tures broadly separate medially (> 1PD) and gra- covered with short, unbranched setae. Mesos- dually more dense towards margins; mesoscu- cutellum with coarse, dark brown, poorly bran- tellum smooth and with punctures of different ched setae, 1-3 OD in length and scattered bet- sizes distributed more or less as on mesoscutum. ween minute setae. Metanotum more densely co- Metanotum smooth, with punctures as in mesos- vered with branched, short (minute-2.0 OD) cutum but more densely distributed (# 1PD) over setae. Base of propodeum essentially bare, rest of all surface. Pleura with coarse punctures, sepa- surface with light brown, branched setae, minute- rated by less than 1PD, integument between 2 OD in length, densely distributed on sides and punctures imbricate. Tegula imbricate. Basal area posterior surface. Mesepisternum with coarse, of propodeum smooth, broadly striate, integu- dark setae, some of them branched, 1-2.5 OD in ment between striae smooth. length, scattered, except more dense and lighter Mandible dark brown, darker at base. Rest of towards verter, rest of surface dorsally covered head black. Mesosoma black except for a very with minute, light brown setae; metepisternum narrow band, green to blue, along posterior mar- with light brown setae, minute-0.5 OD in length,

168 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

FIGURE 2. Maps of distribution for the species of Neocorynura present in Mexico (key inserted. 2a. N. discolor, N. ligny, and N. cribrita; 2b. N. centroamericana, N. pubescens, N. discolorata, and N. rubida).

169 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura mostly on area close to wing insertion. Procoxa cional] Lago Pojoj, 1460m. 20-IV-1993. F. No- with light brown, poorly branched setae, 0.5-2 guera Coll. [SEMC]. [Long: -91.6667, Lat: OD in length, more or less densely distributed; 16.1167] protrochanter mostly bare on anterior margin, PARATYPES. MEXICO. Chiapas, same data as posteriorly with dark brown, branched setae, mi- Holotype [2& SEMC]; 17 Km. N. Ocozocoautla, nute-2.5 OD in length and densely distributed; 958m, 10-IV-1993. G. Eickwort Coll. [1& profemur as protrochanter except setae shorter; SEMC]. GUATEMALA. Zacapa, 3.5 Km S.E. protibia mostly covered with light brown setae, La Unión, 27 June 1993,1500m. R. Brooks & S. densely distributed, specially on inner surface, Ashe Colls [1& SEMC]; Idem, but 1580m [2& setae longer (1 OD) close to articulation with ba- SEMC]. sitarsus; tarsi as in articulation with protibia; Additional material. MÉXICO. Veracruz, mesocoxa mostly bare but with few coarse, light Teocelo 1-VIII-1987. L, Mondragon Coll. [1& brown, unbranched setae, 1-2 OD in length close UNAM]. COSTA RICA. San José Prov., Car- to articulation with mesotrochanter; mesotro- tago. 2 August 1963, C.D. Michener Coll. [1& chanter as protrochanter; mesofemur with inner SEMC]; Idem, but San José. 7 July 1963 (C. D. side mostly bare but with minute setae scattered Michener & D. R. Michener Colls. [1& SEMC]; distributed over surface, with some dark, bran- Idem, but 15 June 1963 [3& SEMC]; Idem, but ched setae close to articulation with trochanter, 10 August 1962. C. D. Michener Coll. [9& outer side mostly covered with light brown, mi- SEMC]; Idem, but 1200m alt. [6& SEMC, 1& nute branched setae, no more than 0.5 OD in AMNH]. length; mesotibia as protibia; metacoxae as pro- Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the coxae, except setae more abundant and some distribution of the species in Central America. highly branched, 1-1.5 OD in length close to me- Variation. There is some variation in overall tatrochanter; metatrochanter with light brown , length (11.5-13.5mm), in addition to the puncture branched setae, 0.5-1.5 OD in length and scatte- density in the mesoscutum (some specimens have red distributed; metafemur with dark brown, more punctures along margin than others), width branched setae, densely distributed and forming and coloration (blue or green) of the metallic scopae; metatibia mostly sparsely covered with band along the margins of mesoscutum, and the coarse, dark brown, unbranched setae, densely presence or absence of a metallic area on T1 distributed, with some branched setae along an- close to the attachment to propodeum. terior margin, sparsely distributed close to arti- Floral records. This species has been collected culation with femur. Metasomal T1 with light visiting flowers of Oreopanax lichmannii [O. brown, poorly branched setae, 1.5-2.5 OD in liebmannii?, Marchal] (Araliaceae, 3& from La- length, sparsely distributed, more abundant close go de Montebello, Mexico), Baccharis trinervis to propodeum; T2 covered with minute, light (Lam., Asteraceae. 1& from Lago de Montebello, brown setae; T3-T4 with dark brown, minute México), and Psychotria nervosa SW. (Rubia- branched setae, 1-3 OD, scattered distributed, ceae, 3& from La Union, Guatemala). more abundant on sides; T5 densely covered with coarse, brown, minute branched setae, minute-3.5 Neocorynura cribrita sp. nov. OD in length, uniformly distributed. (Figs. 1, 2a, 3) MALE. Unknown. Diagnosis. Females of Neocorynura cribrita Type material. HOLOTYPE &, MEXICO. can be easily recognized by their strongly punc- Chiapas, Lago de Montebello N. P. [Parque Na- tate integument. It can be distinguished from N.

170 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

FIGURE 3. Male terminalia of Neocorynura cribrita sp. nov. a: genital capsule; ventral (left half) and dorsal (right half), b: genital capsule, lateral view, c: S6, and d: fused S7+S8.

171 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura lignys for having a smooth clypeus, with metallic Mesoscutum densely punctate, punctures coarse green reflections and the presence of some coarse and separated by less than 1 PD, integument bet- punctures; the punctures on mesoscutum wider ween punctures strongly imbricate; mesoscu- and somehow more abundant; the metanotum tellum smooth and punctate, punctures of diffe- metallic green; and the wider, more separated rent diameter. Metanotum smooth, densely punc- punctures on the base of T1. tate, punctures small. Pleura strongly punctate Description. FEMALE (Holotype). Body length with a rugose appearance, integument between 13 mm; forewing length 9.6 mm. Head width 3.5 punctures strongly imbricate. Tegula faintly im- mm, length 3.2 mm. Scape longer than combined bricate. Basal area of propodeum striate and im- lengths of F1 to F6; F10 longer than preceding bricate in between. flagellomeres; F1 slightly longer than F2. Cly- Mandible dark brown, tip hyaline. Labrum peus wider than long; paraocular lobe obtuse. black; clypeus black, with some metallic green Mesoscutum slightly wider than long; metanotum reflections; remainder of head black. Mesosoma more than half length of mesoscutellum. Meso- black except pronotum metallic green; metano- tibial spur serrate and more than half length of tum, margins of mesoscutum, and mesoscutellum mesobasitarsus; inner metatibial spur pectinate metallic green. Legs mostly dark brown except with 6 teeth, the last two slightly fused. Marginal tarsomers light brown. Metasoma black, except cell semi-truncate; 1m-cu almost confluent with T1, with a basal area metallic green; base of T2- 1rs-m; 2m-cu basad 2rs-m by approximately 5 T4 with narrow, metallic, basal bands. times vein width; first submarginal cell longer Mandible with brown, unbranched setae, 0.5-2 than combined lengths of second and third sub- OD in length, scattered distributed. Labrum mos- marginal cells; second submarginal rectangular; tly bare with a row of coarse, brown, unbranched anterior border of second submarginal cell sligh- setae along anterior margin. Clypeus with light tly longer than anterior border of third marginal brown and branched setae, minute-0.5 in length, cell; pterostigma large, margin in marginal cell sparsely distributed over surface some minute se- convex; hamuli spaced 4-1-1-4 along anterior tae present on lateral margins and close to com- margin of hind wing. Basal area of propodeum pound eyes. Supraclypeal area as on clypeus; striate and longer than mesoscutellum. Metasoma subantennal area and frons with white, minute semi-petiolate (slightly longer than wide). branched setae more or less densely distributed Labrum slightly striate, with small, more or less and with some sparse black, poorly branched narrow central process. Clypeus imbricate along setae 0.5 OD in length among the white ones. margins, smooth elsewhere, with very coarse Scape mostly with minute brown, poorly bran- punctures separated by less than PD; supra- ched setae sparsely distributed, few longer setae clypeal area imbricate with punctures smaller and (0.5 OD) close to scape base. Vertex as on frons, widely distributed; subantennal and lower ocular except for some coarse, light brown setae spar- areas imbricate; frons and remainder of face with sely distributed; gena with minute, white setae smaller and more numerous punctures, integu- densely distributed; postgena with white, bran- ment between punctures strongly imbricate; ver- ched setae, 0.5-2.5 OD in length scattered distri- tex sculptured as frons; gena and postgena buted. Pronotum densely covered with minute, smooth with small, faint punctures and striate. whitish setae with some coarse, dark brown and Scape imbricate, with minute punctures separa- branched setae among them. Mesoscutum with tely by about 1 PD. Pronotum mostly smooth or minute, white setae more or less densely distribu- faintly imbricate; propleura striate and imbricate. ted. Mesoscutellum as mesoscutum, except for

172 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005) some coarse, dark brown, poorly branched setae, trochanter more or less densely covered with 0.5-2.5 OD in length sparsely distributed between coarse, dark brown, branched setae, 0.5-1.0 OD the white setae. Metanotum more densely cove- in length; metafemur with coarse, dark to light red with minute, white setae and with longer (0.5- brown setae, long (some as long as 3.5 OD) 1.5 OD), branched setae, mostly along sides. Ba- somehow bending and forming scopae; metatibia se of propodeum essentially bare, rest of surface sparsely covered with coarse, dark brown setae, with minute, white setae, densely distributed on those in anterior margin 1-1.5 OD in length, spar- posterior sides, longer setae (1 OD) close to spi- sely distributed, and with 3-4 branches mostly on racles. Mesepisternum with coarse, light to dark tip, rest of surface with coarse, dark brown or brown setae, 1-1.5 OD in length, scattered dis- white, unbranched setae, more or less densely tributed among minute, whitish setae; metepis- distributed. Metasomal T1 with coarse, white, ternum densely covered with minute, whitish branched setae, 1-2.5 OD in length and sparsely setae. Procoxa with coarse, dark brown setae, distributed; T2 and T3 densely covered with mi- poorly branched, and 1-1.5 OD in length sca- nute, light brown setae, with some coarse, dark ttered among minute, light brown ones; protro- brown, unbranched setae sparsely distributed; T4 chanter mostly bare but with some coarse, light as T2 and T3 except, darker setae more abundant brown, unbranched setae, 1-3 OD in length along and almost 1 OD in length; T5 densely covered posterior margin mixed with some minute, light with coarse, brown setae, minute-2.5 OD in brown setae; profemur with outer side mostly length, some branched and sparsely distributed covered with light brown, poorly branched setae, among unbranched ones, lateral region with lon- sparsely distributed and 0.5-2 OD in length (lon- ger ones (1.5-2 OD). ger ones close to trochanter), inner surface more MALE. As described for the female except as densely covered with minute, whitish setae; pro- follows: Body length 13.3 mm; forewing length tibia with outer side mostly covered with minute 10.0 mm. Head width 3.1 mm, length 2.9 mm. F2 light brown setae, densely distributed, inner sur- longer than F1. Mandible slender and pointed face more densely covered with longer setae (mi- and without preapical teeth. Labral surface nute-1 OD); tarsi as in protibia; mesocoxa co- smooth. Paraocular lobe more anular. Mesoscu- vered with minute, whitish setae, with few coarse, tum slightly wider than long. Basitibial plate light brown, unbranched setae, 1-2 OD in length absent; inner metatibial spur one fourth the length close to articulation with mesotrochanter; meso- of metabasitarsus, rather slender and serrated. trochanter with light to dark brown, unbranched Hamuli with a spacing pattern 5-1-1-3. Basal area setae, 0.5-2 OD in length mixed with some mi- of propodeum broadly striate. Metasoma with a nute, light brown setae; mesofemur inner side slightly more elongate appearance; S6, S7, S8, with coarse, light brown setae, 0.5 OD in length and genital capsule as in fig. 3. and densely distributed in anterior angle and for- Mandible without grooves on outer surface, ming a patch, rest of surface with coarse, dark slightly carinate along posterior margin, anterior brown, poorly branched setae, minute-2 OD in margin continuous. Subantennal and lower ocular length, sparsely distributed; mesotibia densely areas strongly punctate. Mesoscutellum with covered with unbranched setae, minute-0.5 OD in punctures of irregular size and shape. Posterior length, those on posterior margin dark brown on side of propodeum with coarse punctures. base and white on tip; mesotarsi as protarsi; me- Clypeus and frons metallic dark green; rest of tacoxae as procoxae, except setae more abundant the head dark, almost black. Tegula slightly more and dark brown, 0.5-1.5 OD in length; meta- translucent. Legs uniformly light brown. Metaso-

173 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura mal T1–4 with basal half metallic green. 6 July 100m. [1& SEMC]; Idem, except: 5 July Mandible with some coarse, light brown, bran- 1963, 1950ft . C.D. Michener et al Colls. . [1& ched setae, 0.5 OD in length. Labrum essentially SEMC]; Idem, except: VI-7-1948. F. Shrader bare. Postgena with some long setae (0.5-2 OD Coll. [2& SEMC]; Idem, except: 19 August 1965 in length) more sparsely distributed. Metanotum G & K. Eickwort . [2& SEMC]; Idem, except: 1 in general with longer setae (0.5-2 OD) sparsely August 1965 [1& SEMC]; Idem, except: 25 Au- distributed. Legs (specially hind ones) in general gust [1& SEMC]; Idem, except 9 July [1& less pubescent; protrochanter with some light SEMC]; Idem, except 10 July [1& SEMC]; Idem, brown, unbranched setae minute-1OD in length except: 11 August [1& SEMC]; Idem, except: 13 scattered distributed on posterior margin; pro- July [1& SEMC]; Idem, except: 15 July [1& femur with white setae, 0.5-1 OD in length on SEMC]. ECUADOR. Pichincha, CA. Puerto posterior margin; protibia less densely covered; Quito, 9-VI-1979. C. Porter & A. Cerbone Colls. mesofemur with most of the inner side bare; me- [5&1% SEMC]; Santo Domingo, Tinalandia tatrochanter poorly covered with setae, most of Resort. 0/ 13’ S 79/ 09’ W. V-18-24-1997. them unbranched; metafemur with some white, 760m. C & K. Messenger Colls. [1% UNSM]. minute-1 OD in length setae, sparsely distributed Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the on anterior margin. Metasomal pubescence as in characteristic punctation of the integument (L., the female except setae white and densely dis- adj. Cribr_: small sieve, pitted). tributed; sterna with less pubescence, setae more Variation. There is some variation in the follo- scattered distributed on S1-S3. wing characters: coloration of metanotum (in so- Type material. HOLOTYPE. &, MEXICO. San me specimens it is only partially metallic); the Luis Potosí, Tlamaya (nr. Xilitla). 900m. 24 color of the metallic band of mesoscutum (varies Aug. 1988. D. Yanega Coll. [SEMC]. [Long: - from green to blue); the extension of the metallic 98.9667, Lat: 21.3333]. area on T1 (in some specimens attaining almost PARATYPES. San Luis Potosí, Idem [1& 4% half the area of T1); punctation on posterior half SEMC, 1&1% UCR]; Tlamaya Falls nr. Xilitla of T1 (in some specimens minute, dense punc- 900m. 15-VIII-1987. D. Yanega Coll [1&2% tures, while in others they are coarse and broadly SEMC, 1&1% UCR]; Veracruz, Estación Bioló- distributed). Some specimens (one from Vera- gica “Las Tuxtlas”. 7 January 1982. Juan M. cruz- Mexico, and all the specimens from Central Labougle Coll. [1& SEMC]; 34 km SE Catemaco and South America) have yellow to orange wings 1km along road to Montepío. Jan 3, 1982. B. H. with a dark spot that covers most of the marginal Smith Coll. [1% SEMC]. Oaxaca, Chalchijapa, cell and part of the apical angle. Santa María Chimalapa. 25-VIII-1995. J. L. Floral records. The species has been collected Salinas Coll. 100m Selva Alta Perennifolia, al while visiting flowers of Hyptis sp. (Lamiaceae, vuelo JL-322 & JL-1015. Vegetación ruderal 13& from Tlamaya near Xilitla, S.L.P, Mexico) 14:00h and 15:00H [2& 2% UNAM]; Chiapas, and Conostegia subcrustulata (Beurl., Melasto- 52.9 Km. N. Ocosingo Shanil nr. Agua Azul. 320 mataceae, 3& from Turrialba, Cartago Prov., m, 17º 13’ N 92º 06’ W. 23-IV-1993. R. Brooks Costa Rica). Coll. [1% SEMC]. Additional material. GUATEMALA. Capeti- Neocorynura discolor (Smith) llo, G. C. Champion Coll. [1& BMNH]; COSTA (Figs. 1, 2a, 4) RICA. Cartago, Turrialba, 13 July 1965. 646 m. Cacosoma discolor Smith, 1879: 40 M.G. Naumann Coll. [1& SEMC]; Idem, except: tisiphone Gribodo, 1894: 291 [syno-

174 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

FIGURE 4. Male terminalia of Neocorynura discolor (Smith). a: genital capsule; ventral (left half) and dorsal (right half), b: genital capsule, lateral view, c: S6, and d: fused S7+S8.

175 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura nymy from Moure and Hurd 1987]. combined lengths of second and third submar- Neocorynura discolor, Cockerell, 1919:41. ginal cells; second submarginal rectangular, its Neocorynura discolor knabiana Cockerell, 1919: anterior border same length as anterior border of 41. New synonymy. third marginal cell; hamuli spaced 3-1-1-2 along Neocorynura discolor discolor, Moure and Hurd, anterior margin of hind wing. Basal area of pro- 1987: 221. podeum as long as mesoscutellum, metallic green Neocorynura discolor knabiana, Moure and and striate. Metasoma elongate, semi-petiolate; Hurd, 1987: 222. T1, T2 and T3 metallic basally. Neocorynura (Neocorynura) discolor discolor, Labrum with small central process, more or less Ayala, Griswold and Yanega, 1996: 450. narrow. Clypeus completely imbricate, punctures Neocorynura (Neocorynura) discolor knabiana, separated by 1-1.5 PD; supraclypeal area imbri- Ayala, Griswold and Yanega, 1996: 450. cate and with punctation distributed as in cly- Neocorynura discolor, Engel, 2000: 88. peus; subantennal and lower ocular areas imbri- cate; frons and remainder of face with stronger Neocorynura discolor knabiana Cockerell, is a punctation; gena and postgena striate. Mesos- synonym of N. discolor (Smith); it was described cutum smooth and densely punctate. Pleura stron- as a different subspecies by Cockerell (1919) ba- gly punctate. Basal area of propodeum striate and sed on the presence of a more metallic coloration smooth between striae. on the base of T1 and metanotum of some spe- Labrum black; clypeus black; paraocular mar- cimens. Herein, such specimens are considered gins vaguely metallic or completely dark as the intraspecific variants of N. discolor, because such rest of face. Mesosoma mostly black, with meta- variation in the integument coloration is found llic green on pronotum, margins of mesoscutum, even in localities where N. discolor discolor is anterior margin of mesoscutellum, metanotum, found. Furthermore, there is a gradation in those and base of propodeum. Metasomal T1 reddish characters that do not allow separation of sub- or light brown with basal area metallic green, T2 species as proposed by Cockerell. and T3 mostly dark brown but with metallic Diagnosis. Neocorynura discolor differs from bands basally, remainder of metasomal terga dark N. discolorata by its overall smaller size (± brown. 11mm); the head coloration mostly black (me- Metallic areas of mesosoma (except propo- tallic coloration almost absent or if any, along pa- deum) and metasoma covered with white, minute raocular region); the second submarginal cell rec- and branched setae. tangular and with anterior margin the same length MALE. As described for the female except as as the third; and finally the metasomal T1 of the follows: Body length 10.5 mm; forewing length female is longer than wide. 8.5 mm. Head width 2.6 mm, length 2.5 mm. F2 FEMALE. Body length 11 mm; forewing length twice as long as F1. Mandible slender and poin- 8.5 mm. Head width 2.7 mm, length 2.6 mm. F1 ted and without preapical teeth. Labral surface subequal in length to F2. Paraocular lobe semi- smooth. Paraocular lobe more angular. Basitibial obtuse (± 130/). Inner metatibial spur pectinate plate absent, metabasitarsus longer than combi- with only 5 teeth, the last two almost completely ned length the following tarsi. Metasoma with a fused; basitibial plate present and carinate on more elongate appearance; S6, S7, S8, and ge- margins. Marginal cell pointed; 1m-cu confluent nital capsule as in fig. 4. with 1rs-m; 2m-cu basad 2rs-m by approximately Clypeus, supraclypeal, subantennal, and para- 4 times vein width; first submarginal longer than ocular areas metallic green or blue. Metasomal

176 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

T3 and T4 mostly dark brown but with basal Montebello N. P. Lago Pojoj, 1460m. 20-IV- fourth metallic green. 1993. F. Noguera Coll. [2& SEMC]; Montebello HOLOTYPE &. México (Oaxaca) [BMNH]. N. P. 1460m. 50km E. La Trinitaria. 14-IV-1993. Additional material. MEXICO. Puebla, 7 mi. J. L. Neff Coll. [1& SEMC]; 5mi. N.N.W. Tuxtla N. Matamoros, Izucar. 4450ft. 19 August 1962. Gutiérrez. VII-23-54. J. R. Alcora Coll. [1& U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. [4&1% SEMC]; Idem, 3 SEMC]; 7 km N. Ocozocoautla. 974m, 16/45’ N mi. SW. Cuetzalán (N. of Zatapoaxtla) 19 June 93/25’ W. 16/49’ N 92/25’ W. 9-IV-1993. W. 1961, 4100ft. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. [1& LaBerge Coll. [1& SEMC]; 17 km N. Ocozo- SEMC]; 5 mi E. Huauchinango. VI-25-53. coautla, 958m, 10-IV-1993. A. Rodríguez Coll. 4100ft. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. [1% SEMC]; [1& SEMC]; 23.4 km N. Ocozocoautla. 860m. Michoacán, 3 mi. N. Tzitzio. 5500ft. 29 July 16/54’ N 93/27’ W. 10-IV-1993. R. Ayala 1962. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. [1&1% SEMC]; Coll.[1% SEMC]; 37 km E. Tuxtla Gutierrez, San Luis Potosí, 17 mi. E. Ciudad del Maíz, 1240m, 16/45’ N 92/55’ W. 12-IV-1993. R. 3200ft. 23 July 1962. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. Brooks Coll. [1& SEMC]; 52.9 km N. Ocosingo [1& SEMC]; Idem, Xilitla. VII-23-54. 1450ft. U. Shanil nr. Agua Azul. 320m, 17/13’ N 92/06’ W. Kansas. Mex. Exped. [1&1% SEMC]; Idem, VII- R. Ayala Coll. [1& SEMC]; Teopisca, route 190. 22-54. 3200ft. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. [1& 6000-6500ft. H.V. Weems, Jr. Coll. [1& FSCA]; SEMC]; Tlamaya Falls nr. Xilitla. 23-V-1989 D. Municipio de Angel Albino Corzo (Jaltenango) Yanega Coll. [1% SEMC]; Tamaulipas, El above Finca Custepec. 1371m 11-VIII-1981. D. Madrono. 25 Km W. La Victoria. route 101. E. & P.M. Breedlove Colls. [1% CAS]. Queréta- 1400m. 12-VII-1984. L. Stange & C. Porter ro, 43 km E. Jalpan, 1500m. 24 Aug. 1988, D. Colls. [1% FSCA]; Hidalgo, 10 km E. Otango. Yanega Coll. [1& UCR, 1& SEMC]; Guerrero, 10 Nov. 1991. 1310m. Noguera Coll. [1&1% Xucumanatlan. 7000ft. July. H. H. Smith Coll. SEMC, 1% INHS]; Idem, Hwy. 85 (Km 160), [1& BMNH]; 13 km NE Taxco. 29 Oct. 1991. 2000m. S. of Jacala. 12 July 1990, I. Yaron Coll. 1580m, F. Noguera Coll. [1% SEMC]; México, [1& SEMC]; Idem, Tlanchinol. 1600m. Tlanchi- 6 km E. Tenancingo. 1950m 30 Oct. 1991. T. nol-Apantaxol Km 4. 20/59’04’’ N 98/38’13’’ Griswold Coll. [2& SEMC]; Veracruz, Atoyac. W. 04-06-1993. 15:30 Hrs. L. Godinez [1&2% May. H. H. [1% BMNH]; Cloud forest 4 mi. NE. UNAM]; Idem, but 11-09-1993 at 15:05 Hrs. [1% Coacomatepec. 6 Aug. 1969. 4650ft. G. W. UNAM]; Idem, but 15-09-1993 at 14:00 Hrs. [1% Byers Coll. [1% SEMC]. UNAM]; Tenango de Doria. 1993-1995. L. Go- Floral records. This species has been collected dinez Coll. [6&1% UNAM]; 4 km N. Molango. visiting flowers of Cassia sp.(Fabaceae, 1& from 1530m. 10 Nov. 1191 T. Griswold Coll. [1% Jacala, Hidalgo, Mexico), Agave sp. (Amarylli- SEMC]; Oaxaca, 1.4 km SW. Puebla/Oaxaca daceae), Pera barbellata (Standl, Euphorbiaceae, border, Hwy. 125 km 58, 1910m. 18/12’0’’ N 2& from Monte Alban, Oaxaca, Mexico), Cori- 97/39’0’’ W. 14 Sep 1996. R. Brooks Coll. [3& andrum sativum L. (Apiaceae, 2& from Teo- SEMC]; Monte Alban, 26 Feb. 1991, L. Godinez pisca, Chiapas, Mexico), Oreopanax liebmannii Coll. [2& SEMC]; 2 mi. NW. Tamazulapan, [O. liebmannii?, Marchal] (Araliaceae, 1& from 6000ft. 28 June 1961. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. Lago de Montebello, Chiapas, Mexico), Senecio [2& SEMC]; Monte Alban, 1900m, 23 December deppeanus Hemsl.(Asteraceae, 1& from Ocozo- 1990. L. Godinez Coll. #648 [1% SEMC]. Chia- coautla, Chiapas, Mexico), Bursera longicuspis pas, Teopisca, 1710m. 16/32’ N 92/28’ W. 13- Lundell (Burseraceae, 3& from Tuxtla Gutierrez, IV-1993. R. Ayala Coll. [2& SEMC]; L. de Chiapas, Mexico), Bidens alba radiata (Schultz-

177 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura

Bip., Asteraceae, 1& from Agua Azul, Chiapas, cell longer than combined lengths of second and Mexico), Vernonia gigantea (Walt., Asteraceae, third submarginal cells; second submarginal 1% from Xilitla, San Luis Potosi, Mexico), Ver- square; anterior border of second submarginal nonia patens Kunth (Asteraceae, 1% from Lago cell shorter than anterior border of third marginal de Montebello, Chiapas, Mexico), Eupatorium cell; pterostigma large, margin in marginal cell (Chromolaena) odorata (L., Asteraceae, 1& from convex; hamuli spaced 4-1-1-2 along anterior Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, Mexico), Lippia myrio- margin of hind wing. Basal area of propodeum cephala Schltdl & Cham.(Verbenaceae, 2& 1% slightly longer than mesoscutellum, metallic from Jalpan, Queretaro, Mexico), Baccharis sp. green and striate. Metasoma elongate, semi-pe- (Asteraceae, 1& from Tamazulapan, Oaxaca, Mé- tiolate; T2-T4 with basal bands. xico), Baccharis trinervis (Lam., Asteraceae, 1% Mandible with strong acetabular groove. La- from La Trinidad, Chiapas, Mexico), Sapium sp. brum slightly areolate and with small central pro- (Euphorbiaceae, 1% from Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, cess, more or less narrow basally. Clypeus imbri- Mexico), and Ipomea sp. (Convolvulaceae, 1% cate, with punctures separated by 1 PD or more; from Monte Alban, Oaxaca, Mexico). supraclypeal area with punctation distributed as in clypeus; subantennal and lower ocular areas Neocorynura discolorata sp. nov. imbricate; frons and remainder of face with stron- (Figs. 1, 2b, 5) ger punctation, punctation somehow more abun- Diagnosis. Males and females of N. discolorata dant; vertex sculptured as on frons; gena smooth (Fig.1) can be recognized from other Mexican with small, faint punctures separated by 1–2 PD, Neocorynura by the combination of the following integument between punctures faintly imbricate; characters: the marginal cell semi-truncate, face, postgena striate. Scape imbricate with minute mesoscutellum, and the base of propodeum all punctures broadly separately. Pronotum and pro- metallic in coloration, in addition to the lack of pleura mostly smooth or faintly imbricate, part of punctation on T1. It differs from N. discolor basi- propleura partially striate. Mesoscutum densely cally by the shape of the second submarginal cell punctate, punctures separated by 1PD med-api- (square), the coloration of the face, and overall cally and by less 1 PD elsewhere, integument bet- larger size of N. discolorata. ween punctures imbricate; mesoscutellum faintly Description. FEMALE (Holotype). Body length imbricate and highly punctate. Metanotum 13.8 mm; forewing length 11.6 mm. Head width smooth and densely punctate. Pleura strongly 3.5 mm, length 3.2 mm. Scape as long as com- punctate, punctures separated 1 PD or less, in- bined lengths of F1 to F6; F10 longer than pre- tegument between punctures imbricate. Tegula ceding flagellomeres; F2 subequal in length to smooth, although with anterior and lateral mar- F1. Clypeus wider than long; paraocular lobe gins imbricate. Basal area of propodeum striate semi-obtuse (± 130/). Mesoscutum slightly wider and smooth between striae. than long; metanotum half length of mesoscu- Mandible dark brown, tip hyaline. Labrum tellum. Mesotibial spur serrate and more than black; clypeus dark green and dull, brighter close half length of mesobasitarsus; inner metatibial to ocular angle; remainder of head metallic spur pectinate with only 6 teeth, the last two al- green-yellowish except for vertex black. Mesoso- most completely fused; basitibial plate present, ma black or dark blue, except pronotum, meta- carinate. Marginal cell semi-truncate; 1m-cu con- notum, and base of propodeum bright metallic fluent with 1rs-m; 2m-cu basad 2rs-m by appro- green; mesoscutellum with anterior half metallic ximately 5 times vein width; first submarginal yellow. Legs mostly dark brown. Metasoma mos-

178 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

FIGURE 5. Male terminalia of Neocorynura discolorata sp. nov. a: genital capsule; ventral (left half) and dorsal (right half), b: genital capsule, lateral view, c: S6, and d: fused S7+S8.

179 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura tly dark brown except for T1 with most of surface white setae, some of them branched and 1-2 OD metallic green; T2 to T4 with basal metallic band in length, scattered distributed but more dense to- covered with minute hairs. wards verter; rest of surface with minute, light Mandible with few coarse brown, unbranched brown setae; metepisternum with light brown setae, 0.5-2 OD in length, scattered distributed setae, minute-1 OD in length, branched and more mostly on grooves. Labrum mostly bare with a abundant close to wing insertions. Procoxa with row of coarse, brown, unbranched setae along an- light brown setae, some poorly branched, minute- terior margin. Clypeus with brown and unbran- 1 OD in length scattered distributed; protrochan- ched setae, 0.5- 1.5 OD in length sparsely distri- ter with few minute, light brown, unbranched buted over surface and with some minute bran- setae scattered distributed, except for posterior ched setae on lateral margins, and close to com- margin where setae longer (1-2.5 OD); profemur pound eyes. Supraclypeal area with setae similar with most of the inner side bare, outer side with to those of clypeus except setae branched; sub- unbranched, light brown setae, minute-2 OD in antennal area with light brown setae, branched length, the longest ones on posterior margin; pro- and more densely distributed. Frons covered with tibia densely covered with dark brown setae, mi- white, branched setae, minute- 1 OD in length nute-1 OD in length, posterior margin more sparsely distributed. Scape mostly covered with densely covered and with longer setae (1-1.5 minute, brown, unbranched setae sparsely distri- OD); tarsi as in the protibia, except setae more or buted over surface and with few longer ones (0.5- less of uniform size; mesocoxa as procoxae; me- 1 OD) close to scape base. Vertex with coarse, sotrochanter uniformly covered with minute, light dark brown setae, poorly branched, 0.5-1 OD in brown setae mixed with longer (0.5-1.5 OD), length and scattered distributed and with some poorly branched setae, scattered distributed but minute, whitish setae along ocelli margins; post- more abundant on posterior margin; mesofemur gena with white, branched and sometimes longer with most of the inner side covered with minute, setae (1.5-2 OD in length), scattered distributed, light brown setae, with longer setae on posterior remainder of gena with minute setae densely dis- margin, dense on basal angle and forming a tributed. Pronotum with coarse, white, minute se- patch; mesotibia as protibia; metacoxae as proco- tae, densely distributed, rest of pronotum (spe- xae, except setae more abundant and some bran- cially pronotal lobe) with light brown, branched ched, 0.5-1.5 OD in length scattered distributed; setae, minute- 1 OD in length. Mesoscutum den- metatrochanter with white setae, 0.5-2.5 OD in sely with minute, light brown setae, and with so- length and sparsely distributed, longer setae close me poorly branched ones scattered distributed. to articulation with femur; metafemur as in meta- Mesoscutellum mostly covered with setae like trochanter, except with dark brown, branched and that of mesoscutum but with some additional longer setae (± 3OD) on anterior margin and dark brown and longer ones (1-2.5 OD). Meta- outer side to form scopae; metatibia sparsely co- notum more densely covered with minute, white vered with coarse, dark brown and white, unbran- setae mixed with longer (1.0-1.5 OD), branched ched setae, anterior margin with uniformly setae, mostly along sides and posterior margin. brown, branched setae, 1.5-2 OD in length. Meta- Base of propodeum essentially bare, rest of surfa- somal T1 with white, unbranched setae, 1-2 OD ce with minute, white setae, densely distributed in length and sparsely distributed but more abun- on posterior sides, and with longer setae (1-2.0 dant close to propodeum; T2 and T3 densely co- OD) poorly branched, scattered distributed bet- vered with minute, light brown setae, with basal ween the minute ones. Mesepisternum with thin, band of minute, white setae covering a third of

180 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005) surface, and some coarse, dark brown, unbran- 1-2 OD in length, scattered distributed on poste- ched setae, 0.5-1 OD in length sparsely distri- rior margin; profemur with some dark brown, buted. T4 as T2 + T3, except dark setae longer 0.5-1 OD in length setae on posterior margin; and somehow more abundant; T5 as T4 but protibia less densely covered; mesofemur with without basal band of hairs and with some dark most of the inner side without pubescence; brown, branched setae, 2-3 OD in length sparsely metatrochanter less pubescent, most of the setae distributed among unbranched ones, more abun- branched and scattered distributed; metafemur dant on lateral region. with some brownish, minute-1 OD in length se- MALE. As described for the female except as tae, few longer setae (1.5-2 OD) sparsely dis- follows: Body length 13.0 mm; forewing length tributed on anterior margin and keirotrichia on 10 mm. Head width 3.1 mm, length 2.8 mm. F2 inner side consisting of light brown, and minute twice as long as F1. Mandible slender and poin- setae mor eor less densely distributed. Metaso- ted and without preapical teeth. Labral surface mal pubescence as in the female except basal smooth and with few faint punctures. Paraocular bands of minute white hairs only present on T3. lobe more acute. Mesoscutum slightly wider than Type material. HOLOTYPE. &, MEXICO: long. Basitibial plate absent; inner metatibial spur Nuevo León, 11 Km. W. Cola de Caballo less than half length of metabasitarsus, rather 25º22’N, 100º12’W 1630m. 22-III-1992. R. slender and semi-undulate. Basal area of propo- Brooks Coll. [SEMC]. [Long: -100.15, Lat: deum depressed and broadly striate. Metasoma 25.35]. with a slightly more elongate appearance; S6, S7, PARATYPES. MEXICO. Nuevo León, 11 km S8, and genital capsule as in fig. 5. W Cola de Caballo, Idem [3& SEMC]; Idem, Mandible without grooves on outer surface, except 17-20-VI-1976. M. Grant & D. Weems slightly carinate along posterior margin, anterior Colls. [1& FSCA]; Idem, except: El Cercado. 28 margin continuous. Subantennal and lower ocular May 1977. C. Porter, A. Cerbone Colls. [1& areas slightly imbricate and punctate, punctures SEMC]; Idem, except D. Yanega Coll. [1& separated by 1 PD. Metanotum with punctures of SEMC]; Mesa Chipinque, Monterrey. June 22, irregular size and shape. 1976. Porter & Calmbacher Colls. [3& 1% Mandible mostly hyaline. Labrum all black; AMNH]; Idem, except. H.V. Weems, Jr. Coll. clypeus bright metallic green, except for a na- [1& FSCA]; Idem, except 17-18-VIII-1984. L. rrow, black band, over 1/6th of the area close to Stange & C. Porter Colls. [11& 27% FSCA]; articulation with labrum. Tegula slightly more Idem, except 19-22-VI-1976. C. Porter Coll [2& translucent. Legs mostly light brown lighter on SEMC]; Idem, except 29-30-May 1977. C. articulations. Metasomal T1 mostly brown and Porter, A. Cerbone Colls. [1& SEMC]; Idem, with base metallic green; T2 all brown; T3 and except :19 km W., 1270m. 22-III-92. J. L. Neff T4 with metallic basal bands on anterior margin Coll. [1& INHS]. Tamaulipas, La Gloria, 80 km. covering only 1/4th of area, rest of surface dark S. La Victoria, route 85. 13-VIII-1984. L. Stange brown. & C. Porter Colls. [2& FSCA]; El Madroño, 25 Mandible with some coarse, light brown, un- km W. La Victoria, route 101. 1400m. 12-VIII- branched setae, less abundant than on female. 1984. L. Stange & C. Porter Colls. [1& FSCA]. Labrum essentially bare. Postgena with some San Luis Potosí, Xilitia, VII-23-1954. 1450ft. long setae (2-2.5 OD in length) sparsely dis- Univ. Kansas Mex. Expedition [1% SEMC]; tributed. Legs in general less pubescent; protro- Gomez Parías & Vic., 20-24 July 1965. 400- chanter with some light brown, unbranched setae 600m. Malaise Trap. Cornell University Mexico

181 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura

Field Party. [1% CUIC]. Queretaro, 43 Km. E. are closely distributed, specially near the articu- Jalpan, 1500m alt. 24 Aug. 1988. D. Yanega lation with labrum; mesoscutum imbricate and Coll. [1% UCR]. densely punctate with small punctures, metano- Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the tum black (non-metallic). Metasomal T1 densely similarity of this species to N. discolor (discolor punctate, punctures as those of mesoscutum. and atus (Latin): imitate, to copy). FEMALE. Body length 12.5 mm; forewing length Variation. There is some variation in the overall 10 mm. Head width 3.2 mm, length 3.0 mm. Sca- size of the females (12-14.5 mm), as well as the pe same length as combined lengths of F1 to F6; metallic coloration of the face, mesoscutellum F2 subequal in length to F1. Paraocular lobe ob- and anterior part of T1. The mesopleura can be tuse. Metanotum more than half length of mesos- totally black, or metallic blue, and the amount of cutellum. Inner metatibial spur pectinate with on- area in forewings that is smoky (sometimes co- ly 6 teeth, the last two almost completely fused. vering even the submarginal cells). Marginal cell pointed; 1m-cu confluent with 1rs- Floral records. The species has been collected m; 2m-cu basad 2rs-m by approximately 5 times while visiting flowers of Euphorbia f. furcillata vein width; first submarginal cell slightly longer Kunth (Euphorbiaceae, 6& from Cola de Caballo, than combined lengths of second and third sub- Nuevo León) and Lippia myriocephala Schltdl & marginal cells; second submarginal square; ha- Cham. (Verbenaceae, 1% from Jalpan, Queréta- muli spaced 5-1-4 (or 4+1-1-4) along anterior ro). margin of hind wing. Basal area of propodeum shorter than mesoscutellum, black and striate Neocorynura lignys (Vachal) (striae narrow). Metasoma almost totally black (Figs. 1, 2a, 6) but with narrow metallic bands on base of T2 and Halictus lignys Vachal, 1904: 120. T3. Halictus chlorocion Vachal, 1904: 140. New Clypeus imbricate, supraclypeal area imbricate; synonym. subantennal and lower ocular areas imbricate; Neocorynura lignys, Moure and Hurd, 1987: frons and remainder of face densely punctate. 224. Mesoscutellum and metanotum imbricate and Neocorynura chlorocion, Moure and Hurd, 1987: densely punctate. 220. Mandible dark brown, tip hyaline. Labrum and Neocorynura (Neocorynura) lignys, Ayala, clypeus black; head in general black. Mesosoma Griswold and Yanega, 1996: 450. in general black but more or less dark metallic Neocorynura (Neocorynura) chlorocion, Ayala, green on pronotum, with a very narrow, green Griswold and Yanega, 1996: 450. metallic band along margins of mesoscutum and anterior margin of mesoscutellum. Metasoma al- Halictus chlorocion described by Vachal in most completely black, except for T2 and T3 1904, based in a male, is a synonym of the better with a very narrow, green metallic band basally known N. lignys, which was described by the sa- but, almost only visible laterally. me author in the same paper (Vachal, 1904), but Pubescence as in other species of Neocorynura based on a female. but with minute, white setae of pronotum less Diagnosis. Neocorynura lignys can be distin- abundant and only along margin of pronotal lobe. guished from N. cribrita by the more minute Metasomal T1 with a dense patch of brown, puncturing of the integument. In addition the cly- branched setae, 1 OD in length, mostly medially peus is black, uniformly imbricate, its punctures and basally; T2 and T3 with basal bands of setae

182 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

FIGURE 6. Male terminalia of Neocorynura lignys (Vachal). a: genital capsule; ventral (left half) and dorsal (right half), b: genital capsule, lateral view, c: S6, and d: fused S7+S8.

183 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura covering the metallic regions. Coll. [1& UNAM]; Calnali. 1274m Tuchintlán. MALE. As described for the female except as 20/54’30’’N, 98/36’15’’W. 12-09-1993. 11:46 follows: Body length 10.5 mm; forewing length hrs. L. Godinez Coll. [3&5% UNAM]; Olotla. 9.5 mm. Head width 2.7 mm, length 2.5 mm. F2 854m. Tunchintlán. 20/55’46’’ N 98/31’23’’W. longer than F1. Mandible slender and pointed 12-09-1993. 14:00hrs. L. Godinez Coll. [3& 5% and without preapical teeth. Labral surface UNAM]; San Luis Potosí, El Salto, 1700’ 16 smooth. Basitibial plate absent; inner metatibial July 1963. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. [1&1% spur serrate. Hamuli with a spacing of 3-1-1-1-2. SEMC]; Tlamaya Falls nr. Xilitla, 600m. 1-IX- Basal area of propodeum depressed and broadly 1991. D. Yanega Coll. [2% UNAM]; Tlamaya nr. striate. Metasoma with a slightly more elongate Xilitla 900m 24-Aug. 1988. D. Yanega Coll. [1% appearance; S6, S7, S8, and genital capsule as in SEMC]; Xilitla. VII-23-51. 1450m. U. Kansas. fig. 6. Mex. Exped. [10% SEMC]; 5 mi. W. Xilitla Mandible without grooves on outer surface. 2400ft. VII-22-54. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. [1% Subantennal and lower ocular areas with more SEMC]; Puebla, 7 mi N. Matamorros de Izucar. coarse punctures. Mesoscutum and mesoscu- 4450ft. 19-August 1963. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. tellum with coarse punctures more separated. [3&1% SEMC]; Michoacán, 2 mi S. Tzitzio. 9 Metasomal T1 and T2 smooth and with coarse August 1963. Naumann & Willis Colls. [1& punctures, those on T1 separated by 1 PD; T2 SEMC]; Veracruz, Atoyac. Schumann Coll. Es- with punctures very close and dense only on base tación [3& BMNH]; Biología “Las Tuxtlas” 7 and medially. January 1982. J. M. Labougle Coll. [2& SEMC]; Clypeus metallic green, except for a narrow 34 km SE. Catemaco 1 km along road to Monte- black band close to articulation with labrum; pío. Jan. 3, 1982. B. H. Smith Coll. [1& SEMC]; paraocular area metallic green, rest of face black. 32 km N. Catemaco, UNAM Reserve. Jan. 4, Metallic band on mesosoma somehow broader, 1982. J. W. Wenzel Coll. [1& SEMC]; Fortín de anterior margin of metanotum metallic green. las Flores. Sept. 17, 1954. F. X. Williams Coll. Propodeum dark green. Metasoma mostly black, [1& SEMC]; Fortín de las Flores. Sept. 17- 1954. with basal third to half of T1, T2, and T3 metallic F. X. Williams Coll. [3% CAS]. Guerrero, Aca- green, T4 with a basal metallic green band on guizotla. 3500ft. Oct. H. H. Smith Coll [1& 1/4th of surface. BMNH]; Oaxaca, 3 mi N. Huajuapan. 8-IX- 59. Holotype &. Mexique. Orizaba. Biart 1862 5300ft. R. H. & E. M. Painter Colls. [1% CUIC]. Coll. [Type depository MNHN]. Chiapas, Municipio de Angel Albino Corzo (Jal- Variation. There is some variation in size, es- tenango) above Finca Custepec. 1371m 11-VIII- pecially among males (from 10.5- 12.5mm total 1981. D. E. & P. M. Breedlove Colls. [1& CAS]; length). In addition, some females may have a Mahosik, Tenejapa. 9-12-VII-1966. 4800’. D. E. darker metasoma, and at the same time show so- Breedlove & J. E. Colls. [1% CAS]; Tamaulipas, me dull metallic reflections. In the forewings, the La Gloria, 80 km S. CD. Victoria, RT. 85. 13- dark (or smoky) area can vary among specimens VIII-1984. L. Stange & C. Porter Colls. [1& or even be absent; while in others be present but FSCA]; Municipio de Soyalo, 10 km WNW. So- only represented by a narrow band along the cos- yalo, on road to Copainala, 1067m. 7-VIII-1981. tal margin. D. E. & P. M. Breedlove[1& SEMC]. GUATE- Additional material. MEXICO: Hidalgo, MALA. Escuintla, 6.3 mi NE Escuintla. 1 Au- Huaxalingo. 295m. Iztláhuac. 20/57’30’’ N gust 1966. U. Kansas. Mex. Exped. [1& SEMC]; 98/31’27’’ W. 16-09-1993. 13:30 hrs. R. Lopez San Jerónimo, Champion Coll. [1& BMNH]. EL

184 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

SALVADOR. Quezaltepeque, VI-20-1961. M. notum. E. Irwin Coll. [1& LACM]. Clypeus faintly imbricate; supraclypeal area im- bricate with punctures separated by 1-2 PD; rest Neocorynura pubescens (Friese) of face imbricate and densely punctate (punctures (Figs. 1, 2b, 7) separated by less than PD); postgena striate. Me- Halictus pubescens Friese, 1916: 304. soscutum densely punctate, punctures separated Halictus viridithoracica Friese, 1917(1916): 317. by less than 1 PD; mesoscutellum and metanotum [synonymy by Moure & Hurd, 1987]. smooth and irregularly punctate. Pleura strongly Neocorynura (Neocorynura) pubescens, Eick- punctate and with rugose appearance. Tegula im- wort, 1969: 404. bricate. Basal area of propodeum striate and im- Neocorynura pubescens, Moure and Hurd, 1987, bricate between striae. 226. Labrum light brown; anterior half of clypeus dark brown, gradually becoming metallic toward Diagnosis. Neocorynura pubescens is the only frons; remainder of head metallic orange-gree- fully metallic “Augochlora-like” species of Neo- nish. Mesosoma and metasoma metallic yellow- occurring in Mexico. It can be distin- greenish. guished from other species by the overall metallic Body pubescence characteristic: In general bo- green integument. It is also characterized by the dy densely covered with minute, light brown se- pubescence of meso- and metathoracic notum, re- tae; mostly on vertex, pronotum, mesoscutum, presented by light brown setae, densely distri- mesoscutellum and metanotum. Basal bands of buted over the surface, that gives the integument minutely branched setae on basal third of T2, T3, a velvety appearance. The base of propodeum is and T4. striate and imbricate in between striae in the MALE. As described for the female except as female and the metasoma is smooth or slightly follows: Body length 9.2 mm; forewing length imbricate with minute punctures, and basal bands 6.8 mm. Head width 2.3 mm, length 2.4 mm. F2 of minute branched setae covering almost a third longer than F1. Scape shorter than combined of T2, T3, and T4. length of F1 to F3. Mandible slender and pointed The species is widely distributed in Central and without preapical teeth. Basitibial plate ab- America, but in Mexico has only been collected sent; inner metatibial spur serrate and slender. in the state of Chiapas. Hamuli with a spacing pattern 3-1-2. Basal area FEMALE. Body length 9.8 mm; forewing length of propodeum almost as wide as metanotum, 7.7 mm. Head width 2.9 mm, length 2.5 mm. F2 striate and smooth in between striae. Metasoma subequal in length to F1. Paraocular lobe semi- with a slightly more elongate appearance; S6, S7, obtuse (± 110/). Mesoscutellum twice the length S8, and genital capsule as in fig. 7. of metanotum. Inner metatibial spur pectinate Mandible without grooves on outer surface. with only 4 teeth, all clearly separated. First Subantennal and lower ocular areas less punctate, submarginal cell longer than combined lengths of punctures separated by 1 PD. second and third submarginal cells; second sub- Clypeus completely metallic green. Metasomal marginal cell rectangular; anterior border of third T1–T4 with only the basal 1/3rd metallic, rest of submarginal cell longer than anterior border of surface dark brown. second marginal cell; hamuli spaced 3-1-1-2 In general less pubescent and without the felty along anterior margin of hind wing. Basal area of appearance of females. Basal bands of setae on propodeum almost twice the length of meta- metasoma present only on T2 and T3.

185 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura

FIGURE 7. Male terminalia of Neocorynura pubescens (Friese). a: genital capsule; ventral (left half) and dorsal (right half), b: genital capsule, lateral view, c: S6, and d: fused S7+S8.

186 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

LECTOTYPE &. COSTA RICA, San José. 1903 from Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, mexico), Eupa- [ZMHB, designated by Moure and Hurd, 1987]. torium (Peteravenia) phoenocolepis (autor?, Additional material. MEXICO. Chiapas, Asteraceae, 1% Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, México), 52.9 km N. Ocosingo Shanil nr. Agua Azul, 320 as well as Bidens alba radiata (Schultz-Bip., m, 17/13’ N., 92/06’ W. 23-IV-1993. R. Brooks Asteraceae, 5& 16% from Ocosingo Shanil, Chia- Coll. [3&7% SEMC]; Idem, except J. L. Neff pas, Mexico), Bidens sp. (Asteraceae, 3% Oco- Coll. [1&1% SEMC]; Idem, except G. Eickwort singo Shanil, Chiapas, Mexico), Vernonia patens Coll. [1&4% SEMC]; Idem, except E. Tovar Coll. Kunth (Asteraceae, 4% from Ocozocoautla, [2% SEMC]; Idem, except R. Ayala Coll. [3% Chiapas, Mexico), and other Asteraceae in Costa SEMC]; Idem, except A. Rodriguez Coll. [2% Rica (Michener, Kerfoot and Ramirez 1966). SEMC]; Idem, except F. Noguera Coll. [1% SEMC]; Idem, except C. Mendoza Coll. [1% Neocorynura rubida sp. nov. SEMC]; 51.8km S. Palenque 210m. 26-IV-1993. (Fig. 1, 2b, 8) G. Eickwort Coll. [1& SEMC]; 3km N. Cacahoa- Diagnosis. Females of Neocorynura rubida can tán 730m. 18-IV-1993. J. L. Neff Coll. [2% be easily recognized by the distinctive color of SEMC]; Idem, except C. Mendoza Coll. [1% the integument: mainly reddish brown with na- SEMC]; Idem, except E. Tovar Coll. [1% rrow metallic green bands along margins of me- SEMC]; 20.9 km N. Ocozocoautla 920m. 16/53’ soscutum. This species can be distinguished from N. 93/27’ W. 10-IV-1993. J. L. Neff Coll. [2% other species with similar body coloration such SEMC]; Idem, except E. Tovar Coll. [1% as N. rutilans (Vachal) by having following cha- SEMC]; 23.4km N. Ocozocoautla 860m. 16/54’ racters: the punctation of clypeus is broadly se- N. 93/27’ W. 10-IV-1993. R. Ayala Coll. [1% parated medially (> 1PD); the postoccipital ca- SEMC]; Idem, except R. Brooks Coll. [1% rina is present but not enlarged; the mesopleura SEMC]; Idem, except J. L. Neff Coll. [1% is finely punctate; the pronotum lacking a strong SEMC]; 17 km N. Ocozocoautla 958m. 10-IV- carina; and the base of the propodeum narrowly 1993. F. Noguera Coll. [7% SEMC]; Idem, striate (with the space between striae equal to except W. LaBerge Coll. [1% SEMC]; Idem, striae width). except A. Rodriguez Coll. [2% SEMC]. Description. FEMALE (Holotype). Body length Variation. Specimens from Mexico are rather 9.7 mm; forewing length 8.5 mm. Head width uniform in appearance (all where collected in the 2.9 mm, length 2.6 mm. Scape longer than com- same state). There is some variation in the overall bined lengths of F1–F6; F1 same length as F2. metallic coloration with some specimens being Clypeus wider than long; paraocular lobe obtuse more greenish than others (more evident in ma- (absent). Mesoscutum slightly wider than long; les); in addition, the width of the basal bands of metanotum more than half length of mesos- pale setae on T2, T3, and T4 varies. cutellum. Mesotibial spur serrate almost three Floral records. Neocorynura pubescens has fourths of mesobasitarsus length; inner metatibial been observed visiting flowers of Gomphera dis- spur pectinate with 5 teeth, the last two almost persa L.? (Amarantacea), Sida sp. (Malvaceae, completely fused. Marginal cell semi-truncate; 1& Paleque, Chiapas, Mexico), Sapium sp. (Eu- 1m-cu confluent with 1rs-m; 2m-cu basad 2rs-m phorbiaceae, 1% Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, Me- by approximately 4 times vein width; first sub- xico), Neurolaena lobata (L., Asteraceae, 1% marginal cell longer than the combined lengths of Ocozocoautla, Chiapas, México), Eupatorium second and third; second submarginal cell with (Chromolaena) odorata (L., Asteraceae, 1& 10% anterior margin same length of the anterior mar-

187 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura

FIGURE 8. Male terminalia of Neocorynura rubida sp. nov. a: genital capsule; ventral (left half) and dorsal (right half), b: genital capsule, lateral view, c: S6, and d: fused S7+S8.

188 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005) gin of third marginal cell. Basal area of propo- margins, and close to compound eyes. Supra- deum slightly shorter than mesoscutum but larger clypeal area with minute branched setae close to than metanotum, striate, and angular. Metasoma antennal sockets. Subantennal area and frons as elongate, semipetiolate. Wings uniformly pubes- in supraclypeal area but with some black, minute cent; forewings hyaline in appearance. branched setae scattered among surface. Scape Labrum smooth with some striae and with a with brown, unbranched setae, less than 1 OD in small central process, more or less narrow at ba- length, mostly on base. Vertex with coarse, dark se, broad posteriorly. Clypeus uniformly imbrica- brown, poorly branched setae, 1-2 OD in length ted and with punctures separated by more than 1 and scattered distributed; postgena with branched PD; supraclypeal, subantennal and lower ocular setae, 0.5-2 OD in length, scattered distributed. areas imbricate with punctures even more sepa- Pronotum densely covered with minute, bran- rated; frons and remainder of face with punctate ched, whitish setae; those on pronotal lobe longer well defined, and more numerous, integument (0.5-1 OD), with some dark brown setae scatte- between punctures imbricate; gena and postgena red distributed among the light ones; propleuron slightly striate, with faint punctures separated by densely covered with minute, light brown setae. more than 2 PD, integument between punctures Mesoscutum poorly covered with coarse, brown faintly imbricate. Scape imbricate with minute setae, branched, but only minute to 0.5 OD in punctures separately by about 2 PD. Pronotum length. Mesoscutellum as mesoscutum but with smooth and with minute punctures; propleuron some dark brown setae, 1 OD in length and sca- imbricate and striate. Mesoscutum imbricate, ttered distributed. Metanotum more densely co- densely punctate; mesoscutellum imbricate and vered. Base of propodeum essentially bare, rest with punctures distributed more or less as on me- of surface with light brown, branched setae, mi- soscutum. Metanotum imbricate. Pleura strongly nute-2OD in length, densely distributed on sides imbricated and with some punctures separated by and posterior surface. Mesepisternum with light less than 1PD ventrally. Tegula slightly imbrica- brown, unbranched setae, 0.5-1.5 OD in length ted, almost smooth. Basal area of propodeum and scattered distributed, except more dense and broadly striate. longer towards verter; metepisternum with light Mandible uniformly hyaline; labrum, clypeus, brown setae, minute-0.5 OD in length, mostly and supraclypeal area reddish brown. Rest of distributed close to wing insertions. Procoxa with head dark brown. Mesosoma reddish brown, ex- dark brown, poorly branched setae, 0.5-2 OD in cept pronotum metallic green. Legs light brown length and scattered distributed; protrochanter to reddish. Metasoma dark brown at bases of ter- with light brown, poorly branched setae, 1-3 OD ga, reddish on apical margins, T2 and T3 with in length and scattered distributed; profemur as narrow, metallic basal bands. protrochanter except setae shorter; protibia mos- Mandible with brown, unbranched setae, 0.5-2 tly covered with dark brown, minute branched OD in length, scattered distributed along all man- setae, 0.5 OD in length and densely distributed; dibular surface, especially along groves. Labrum tarsi with light brown, coarse setae more or less mostly bare with a row of coarse, brown, un- densely distributed; mesotrochanter as protro- branched setae, 2-5 OD in length, mostly along chanter, except with less setae; mesofemur with area adjacent to articulation with clypeus. Cly- inner side mostly bare but with minute setae sca- peus with brown and unbranched setae, 0.5- 1.5 ttered distributed, outer side mostly covered with OD in length sparsely distributed over surface light brown, minute branched setae, no more than and with some minute branched setae on lateral 1.0 OD in length; mesotibia as protibia; metaco-

189 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura xae as procoxae, except setae more abundant and 1.5 OD in length) sparsely distributed. Metano- more branched; metatrochanter with light brown, tum in general with longer setae (0.5-2 OD) sca- branched setae, 0.5-1.0 OD in length, scattered ttered distributed, but more dense laterally. Legs distributed in general, but more abundant on (specially hind ones) in general less pubescent; inner side; metafemur with brown, branched se- protrochanter with some light brown, unbranched tae, densely distributed and forming scopae; me- setae minute-1OD in length scattered distributed tatibia with coarse, brown setae, darker on base on posterior margin; profemur with white setae, and unbranched, inner surface with dark brown, 0.5-1 OD in length on posterior margin; protibia apically branched setae. Metasomal tergites T1- with light brown setae, scattered distributed; T4 densely covered with minute, light brown mesofemur with most of the inner side bare; me- setae, with some long (1-2.5 OD) setae sparsely tatrochanter less pubescent, most of the setae un- distributed on sides; T5 with coarse, dark brown, branched and scattered distributed; metafemur unbranched setae, 0.5-1.5 OD in length, densely with some light brown setae, minute-1.5 OD in distributed and with few longer ones (3-3.5 OD) length and sparsely distributed on anterior mar- laterally and close to T4. gin. Metasomal pubescence as in the female ex- MALE (Paratype). As described for the female cept, setae light brown and more sparsely distri- except as follows: Body length 9.2 mm; forewing buted; sterna with less pubescence. length 6.5 mm. Head width 2.4 mm, length 2.2 Type material. HOLOTYPE. &, MEXICO. mm. F2 almost twice as long as F1. Mandible Chiapas, 3 km N. Cacahoatán 730m, 18- IV- slender and pointed and without preapical teeth. 1993. A. Rodríguez Coll. [SEMC]. [Long: - Labral surface smooth and without central pro- 92.1667, Lat: 14.9833]. cess. Paraocular lobe semi-angular (±100/), the PARATYPE. MEXICO. Puebla, 7 mi. N. Mata- clypeus longer than in the female and with mar- morros Izúcar, 4.450ft. 19 August 1962. Univ. gin close to labrum concave. Mesoscutum sligh- Kansas. Mex. Exped. [1% SEMC]. [Long: - tly wider than long. Basitibial plate absent; inner 98.4667, Lat: 18.6]. metatibial spur one fourth length of metabasi- Etymology. The specific epithet refers to the tarsus, rather slender and serrated. Metasoma characteristic coloration of the integument of this with a slightly more elongate appearance; S6, S7, species (from L. rubidus: rubor, redeness). S8, and genital capsule as in fig. 8. Variation. Except for the differences discussed Mandible without grooves on outer surface, sli- above between the female (holotype) and the ma- ghtly carinate along posterior margin. Suban- le (paratype), no variation is known at this time tennal and lower ocular areas with coarse punc- due to the lack of additional material. tures very close one another. Mesoscutellum with Floral records. This species has been collected punctures of irregular size and shape. Posterior visiting flowers of Bidens alba radiata (Schultz- side of propodeum with coarse punctures. Bip., Asteraceae) in the state of Chiapas. Clypeus and supraclypeal area reddish-brown but with some metallic blue-green reflections; KEYS TO Neocorynura SPECIES OF MEXICO rest of the head dark brown. Tegula slightly more (Spanish keys in parentheses) translucent. Legs uniformly light brown. Metaso- Females mal tergites without basal metallic bands. 1. Metasoma predominately black; wings smoky Mandible with some coarse, light brown, bran- along costal margins...... ched setae, 0.5-1 OD in length. Labrum essen- (Metasoma predominantemente negro; alas tially bare. Postgena with some long setae (0.5- ahumadas a lo largo de las margenes costales).

190 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005)

...... 3 black; T1 coarsely punctate on basal half . . . (Puntuacion del mesoscuto gruesa; metanoto 1 a. Metasoma metallic green to yellowish or verde metalico oscuro y base del propodeum pale reddish brown; wings hyaline ...... negra; T1 con puntuación gruesa en la mitad (Metasoma uniformemente metálico verde o basal)...... N. cribrita n. sp. amarillento, café rojizo pálido; alas hialinas) ...... 2 4 a. Punctation of mesoscutum fine; metanotum black or bright metallic green, base of propo- 2. Mesosoma metallic, densely covered with deum metallic green or black; T1 without punc- setae; base of propodeum metallic and with tation or punctures fine and dense ...... narrow striate ...... (Puntuación del mesoscuto pequeña y en distri- (Tórax metálico y con pubescencia densa, base bución densa; metanoto negro o verde metálico del propodeo metálica y con surcos angostos). brillante, base del propodeo verde metálico o ...... N. pubescens negra; T1 sin puntuación o punctuación fina y densa) ...... 5 2 a. Mesosoma nonmetallic reddish brown, with some scattered setae over surface; base of pro- 5. Base of propodeum black; T1 densely puncta- podeum same coloration as mesosoma and with te, basal bands of hair reduced or absent on T2 broad striae ...... to T5)...... (Tórax café rojizo no metálico y con pubescen- (Base del propodeo negra; T1 densamente cia poco densa; base del propodeo con la mis- puntuado , bandas basales de sedas reducidas ma coloración del torax y con surcos amplios o ausentes en T2-T5) ...... N. lignys ...... N. rubida n. sp. 5 a. Base of propodeum metallic green; T1 spar- 3. Mesoscutum with punctures broadly separated sely punctate or punctation almost absent, basal (> 1PD) medially; T1 sparsely punctate; body bands of hairs present on T2 and T3 ...... almost completely black ...... (Base del propodeo verde metálico; T1 poco (Mesoscuto con puntuación ampliamente sepa- puntuado o puntuación casi ausente, bandas rada (>PD); T1 poco puntuado; cuerpo casi basales de sedas presentes en T2 y T3) ... 6 completamente negro)...... N. centroamericana n. sp. 6. Costal margin of second submarginal cell as long as that of third; T1 longer than wide; face 3 a. Mesoscutum densely punctate (<<1PD); T1 and most of propleura black; base of propo- with punctation variable; body with some me- deum metallic green or black ...... tallic regions (mesoscutum or metanotum or ba- (Margen costal de la segunda celda submar- se of propodeum)...... ginal con la misma longitud que la tercera; T1 (Mesoscuto densamente puntuado; T1 con pun- más largo que ancho, ala y la mayor parte de tuación variable; cuerpo con algunas regiones la propleura negra; base del propodeo verde metálicas (p.e. mesoscuto o metanoto o base metálico o negro)...... N. discolor del propodeo)...... 4 6 a. Costal margin of second submarginal cell 4. Punctation of mesoscutum coarse; metanotum slightly longer than that of third; T1 wider than dark metallic green and base of propodeum long; face and propleura metallic green; base of

191 Smith-Pardo: Mexican Neocorynura

propodeum bright metallic green ...... 5. Clypeus mainly bright metallic green, T2 (Margen costal de la segunda celda submar- almost as long as wide ...... ginal un poco más larga que en la tercera; T1 (Mayor parte del clípeo verde metálico, T2 casi más ancho que largo; cara y propleura verde tan largo como ancho) ...... N. lignys metálico; base del propodeo verde metálico brillante)...... N. discolorata n. sp. 5 a. Clypeus dull metallic blue or green, T2 wider than long ...... Males (Clípeo azul o verde opaco, T2 más ancho que (Male of N. centroamericana unknown) largo)...... N. cribrita n. sp. 1. Mesoscutm entirely red or metallic green . . . (Mesoscuto completamente rojo o verde Phylogeny and biogeography of Mexican metallico)...... 2 Neocorynura A preliminary analysis of the phylogeny of 1 a. Mesoscutum predominantly black ...... Neocorynura using more than 180 morpholo- (Mesoscuto predominantemente negro).. 3 gical, ecological, and behavioral characters has shown that members of different clades within 2. Thorax and most of metasoma metallic green the genus have reached Mexico (Smith-Pardo, (Tórax y la mayor parte del metasoma verde unpubl. data). Neocorynura pubescens is one of metálico) ...... N. pubescens the most basal species within the genus and is the sister group to a large clade that encompasses 2 a. Thorax and metasoma reddish brown . . . . most of the species of Neocorynura. This clade is (Tórax y metasoma café rojizo)...... itself divided into at least two main groups of ...... N. rubida n. sp. species: one group consists of N. discolor + N. discolorata along with about 10 species from 3. Integument of T1 smooth and shiny, without Central and South America and is sister to a punctation ...... group of mainly high Andean bees from South (Integumento del T1 liso y brillante, sin America; the other group consists of N. lignys, N. puntuación) ...... 4 cribrita, and eight additional species whose major diversity is found in South America and is 3 a. Integument of T1 clearly punctate ...... the sister group to an additional species group (Integumento del T1 claramente puntuado). that includes some odd Neocorynura species ...... 5 such as N. rufa and most of the black, “black wasp-like” species found mainly in Central and 4. Propodeum black, with weak green reflections; South America. marginal cell pointed ...... In terms of the biogeography of the genus, the (Propodeo negro, con tintes verde debil; celda map of distributions for all the species in Mexico marginal puntuda)...... N. discolor (figure 2) shows a broader and more northerly distribution than previously reported (i.e., Moure 4 a. Propodeum bright metallic green; marginal and Hurd, 1987; Eickwort, 1969; Michener, cell semi-truncate...... 2000) particularly for N. discolorata (in states of (Propodeo verde metálico brillante; celda Nuevo Leon and Tamaulipas). More noteworthy, marginal semi-truncada)...... it seems to occur in the relatively xeric environ- ...... N. discolorata n. sp. ment of northeastern Mexico. In the south and

192 Folia Entomol. Mex., 44(2) (2005) more central parts of the country (i.e., states of ENGEL, M. S. 2001. A monograph of the Baltic amber bees Chiapas, Oaxaca, Puebla, etc.) the genus extends and evolution of the Apoidea (Hymenoptera). Bulletin of the American Museum of Natural History, 259: 1-192. east and west, with species such as N. discolor ENGEL, M. S., AND A. H. SMITH-PARDO. 2004. The bee genus exhibiting broad distributions, whereas others Andinaugochlora in Central America (Hymenoptera: Halic- (i.e., N. pubescens) are found only in the tidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 77(2): southern states. In general, moving northward, 116–120. FRIESE, H. 1916. Zur Bienenfauna von Costa Rica. Stettiner species tend to be restricted to eastern, more hu- Entomologische Zeitung, 77: 287-321. mid parts at more or less high altitudes. GONZALEZ, V. H., AND M. S. ENGEL. 2004. The tropical An- dean bee fauna (Insecta: Hymenoptera: Apoidea) with ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS examples from Colombia. Entomologische Abhandlungen, 62(1): 65-75. This work is dedicated to the memory of my be- HARRIS, R.A. 1979. A glossary of surface sculpturing. Occa- loved father J. P. Cardenas. I would also like to sional Papers in Entomology, California Department of thank C. D. Michener, M. S. Engel, and D. J. Food and Agriculture, 28: 1–31. Bennett for their comments and suggestions on MICHENER, C. D. 2000. The Bees of the World. Johns Hop- kins University Press; Baltimore, Maryland; xiv+ 913 pp. earlier versions of the manuscript; and the cura- MICHENER C.D., W. B. KERFOOT, AND W. B. RAMÍREZ. 1966: tors of the various institutions (mentioned above) Nests of Neocorynura in Costa Rica (Hymenoptera: Halic- for the loan of specimens. Financial support was tidae). Journal of the Kansas Entomological Society, 39(2): provided in part by Idea Wild, NSF-USA grant 245–258. MOURE J. S., AND P. H. HURD. 1987. An annotated catalog of #EF-0341724 (to M.S. Engel), and the Division the halictid bees of the Western Hemisphere (Hymenoptera: of Entomology, University of Kansas. This paper Halictidae). Smithsonian Institution Press, Washington. is contribution Nr. 3432 of the Division of Ento- vii+405 pp. mology, Natural History Museum and Biodiver- SAKAGAMI S. F., AND C. D. MICHENER. 1962. The nest archi- sity Research Center, University of Kansas. tecture of the sweat bees (Halictinae): A comparative study of behavior. University of Kansas Press, Lawrence. 135 pp. SMITH, F. 1879. Descriptions of new species of Hymenoptera REFERENCES CITED in the collection of the British Museum. London. British COCKERELL, T. D. A. 1919. Neocorynura, a genus of Halictine Museum, Department of Zoology. Pp.28- 51. bees (Hym). Entomological News, 30: 41-42. VACHAL, J. 1904. Étude sur les Halictus d’Amérique (Hym.). EICKWORT, G. C. 1969. A comparative morphological study Miscellanea Entomologica, 12: 9-24, 113-128,137-144. and generic revision of the augochlorine bees (Hyme- noptera: Halicitidae). University of Kansas Science Bulletin, 48(13): 325-524. ENGEL, M. S. 1999. A new species of the bee genus Neoco- rynura from the Andes of Ecuador (Hymenoptera, Halic- tidae, Augochlorini). Spixiana, 22(2): 173-178. Recibido: 5 de noviembre del 2004. ENGEL, M. S. 2000. Classification of the bee tribe Augo- Aceptado: 8 de marzo del 2005. chlorini (Hymenoptera: Halictidae). Bulletin of the Ameri- can Museum of Natural History, 250: 1–90.

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